Molecular plant pathology最新文献_第4页

A Rare Recombination in the Phytophthora sojae Genome Allows the Redefinition of a Major Avirulence Gene. 大豆疫霉基因组中罕见的重组允许重新定义一个主要的无毒基因。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70326

Yanick Asselin, Adèle Deshaies, Caroline Labbé, Vanessa Tremblay, François Belzile, Richard Bélanger

{"title":"A Rare Recombination in the Phytophthora sojae Genome Allows the Redefinition of a Major Avirulence Gene.","authors":"Yanick Asselin, Adèle Deshaies, Caroline Labbé, Vanessa Tremblay, François Belzile, Richard Bélanger","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70326","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70326","url":null,"abstract":"Significant yield losses in soybean production are imputable to Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR) caused by Phytophthora sojae. Resistance to PRR relies on resistance genes (Rps) that recognize key effectors from the pathogen, which are encoded by avirulence genes (Avr). Key Avr haplotypes can be monitored in natural P. sojae populations and exploited to predict which resistance gene can be deployed to provide protection to the soybean crop. In this study, we reassessed the identity of the avirulence gene whose protein product is recognized by Rps6. Following extensive soil sampling and single-spore isolation of a large population of P. sojae, we found two salient isolates carrying a rare recombination between the closely linked effectors Avr3c and Avr4/6. Using a PCR assay and molecular markers, we showed that only allelic variations at the Avr3c locus were in perfect association with the phenotypes of the isolates on Rps3c, Rps4 and Rps6 resistance. Consistent with these findings, a soybean protoplast cell-death assay further showed that only Avr3c, and not Avr4/6, triggered Rps6-dependent recognition. Furthermore, whole-genome resequencing and de novo assembly of the two isolates revealed the full extent of this genomic rearrangement. Together, these results establish Avr3c as the bona fide avirulence gene corresponding to Rps6 and offer a more reliable target for the pathotyping of P. sojae, which ultimately leads to a better deployment of resistant soybean cultivars.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70326"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Vacuolar Ca²⁺/H⁺ Exchanger AaVCX Regulates Calcium Homeostasis, the Differentiation of Infection Structures and Pathogenicity in Alternaria alternata Under the Transcriptional Control of AaCrz1. 液泡Ca2+/H+交换剂AaVCX在AaCrz1转录调控下调控互花菌钙稳态、感染结构分化和致病性。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70324

Yangyang Yang, Pengdong Xie, Qili Liu, Yuanping Nan, Miao Zhang, Xiaojing Wang, Yang Bi, Yongcai Li

{"title":"The Vacuolar Ca2+/H+ Exchanger AaVCX Regulates Calcium Homeostasis, the Differentiation of Infection Structures and Pathogenicity in Alternaria alternata Under the Transcriptional Control of AaCrz1.","authors":"Yangyang Yang, Pengdong Xie, Qili Liu, Yuanping Nan, Miao Zhang, Xiaojing Wang, Yang Bi, Yongcai Li","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70324","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70324","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium ion (Ca2+) signalling is crucial for multiple biological processes in fungi, including growth, stress adaptation and pathogenic behaviour. The vacuolar Ca2+/H+ exchanger (VCX) is vital for maintaining calcium homeostasis within fungal cells, yet its specific biological functions in phytopathogenic fungi remain poorly understood. This study focused on the role and transcriptional regulation of AaVCX in Alternaria alternata, the organism responsible for pear black spot disease. By employing a split-marker strategy, we generated AaVCX knockout (ΔAaVCX) and complemented (ΔAaVCX-C) strains. Phenotypic assessments revealed that ΔAaVCX exhibited reduced mycelial growth, abnormal accumulation of intracellular Ca2+ and heightened sensitivity to various stressors. Deletion of AaVCX severely hindered spore germination, differentiation of appressoria and invasive hyphae in A. alternata triggered by pear peel wax. The ΔAaVCX nearly lost its ability to penetrate cellophane, and its virulence on pear fruits and leaves was markedly diminished. Molecular docking analysis indicated that AaCrz1, a key transcription factor in the calcium signalling pathway, can bind to the promoter of AaVCX. Dual-luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrated that AaCrz1 binds to the AaVCX promoter in vitro and positively regulates its expression, with a predicted GCC-core motif identified in the promoter region. Furthermore, transcript levels of AaVCX were significantly reduced in the ΔAaCrz1 background, indicating that AaVCX is positioned downstream of AaCrz1 in a regulatory cascade. Our findings enhance the understanding of calcium signalling networks in phytopathogenic fungi and propose that components involved in vacuolar calcium storage may serve as potential targets for disease management.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70324"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant-Specific PB1 Domain Complex Mediates Poplar Defence and Is Targeted by Rust Fungus Secreted Protein MlpSD1. 植物特异性PB1结构域复合物介导杨树防御并被锈菌分泌蛋白MlpSD1靶向

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70329

Kexu Xin, Yingke Yuan, Huan Feng, Changhao Li, Zhongdong Yu, Chunyan Wang

{"title":"Plant-Specific PB1 Domain Complex Mediates Poplar Defence and Is Targeted by Rust Fungus Secreted Protein MlpSD1.","authors":"Kexu Xin, Yingke Yuan, Huan Feng, Changhao Li, Zhongdong Yu, Chunyan Wang","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70329","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70329","url":null,"abstract":"The Phox and Bem1 (PB1) modular domain mediates specific protein-protein interactions that are crucial for immune signalling in eukaryotes. However, the immune signalling network mediated by plant PB1 domain-containing proteins remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the poplar rust resistance proteins with PB1 domains, members 1 and 2 (PdRPM1 and PdRPM2), form heterodimers in poplar via their N-terminal PB1 domains. These domains exhibit distinct amino acid sequences that diverge from the canonical PB1-PB1 interactions found in other eukaryotes, representing a plant-specific variant. Knockout of PdRPM1/2 in poplar significantly increased both pustule number and total pustule area following infection with Melampsora larici-populina (Mlp). Further analysis revealed that PdRPM1/2 contributes to poplar resistance against Mlp by regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and jasmonoyl-isoleucine, the biosynthesis of flavonoids, as well as the transcription of defence-related genes. Furthermore, loss of PdRPM1 was sufficient to increase poplar susceptibility to Mlp. We also identified a small secreted protein produced by Mlp during infection that interacts with PdRPM1 and disrupts the assembly of the PdRPM1/2 complex. Based on its role, we named this protein M. larici-populina suppressor of dimerisation 1 (MlpSD1). Thus, we have identified a novel plant-specific PB1 domain-mediated disease resistance complex in poplar and uncovered a rust-derived secreted protein that disrupted the formation of this complex.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70329"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148830643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GpaR Drives Type III Secretion and Virulence Through Direct Activation of the HrpG-HrpX Cascade in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola. GpaR通过直接激活水稻黄单胞菌HrpG-HrpX级联驱动III型分泌和毒力。oryzicola。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70323

Yaqi Zhang, Lei Liu, Huajun Qin, Jiuxiang Wang, Xiyao Zhao, Sheng Huang

{"title":"GpaR Drives Type III Secretion and Virulence Through Direct Activation of the HrpG-HrpX Cascade in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola.","authors":"Yaqi Zhang, Lei Liu, Huajun Qin, Jiuxiang Wang, Xiyao Zhao, Sheng Huang","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70323","url":null,"abstract":"Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak of rice, relies on a functional type III secretion system (T3SS) for full virulence and for induction of the hypersensitive response (HR) in nonhost plants. Although the HrpG-HrpX regulatory cascade is central to T3SS gene expression in Xanthomonas, the upstream regulatory mechanisms controlling this pathway in Xoc remain insufficiently understood. In the present study, we identified GpaR as a previously unrecognised transcriptional activator required for T3SS-associated pathogenicity in Xoc. Deletion of gpaR significantly attenuated virulence in rice and resulted in delayed and weakened HR in Nicotiana benthamiana. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis showed that transcript levels of hrpG, hrpX, and multiple T3SS-associated hrp genes were markedly reduced in the ΔgpaR mutant. Consistent with these results, β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter assays demonstrated that promoter activities of hrpG and hrpX were substantially decreased in the absence of GpaR. Furthermore, constitutive expression of hrpG or hrpX in the ΔgpaR background largely restored virulence and HR, indicating that these regulators function downstream of GpaR. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) demonstrated that GpaR binds directly to the promoter regions of hrpG and hrpX in vitro and associates with them in vivo. In addition, in vitro transcription assays showed that GpaR directly activates transcription from both promoters. Collectively, these findings establish GpaR as a direct upstream activator of the HrpG-HrpX cascade and identify a new regulatory layer controlling T3SS expression and virulence in Xoc.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70323"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148721738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Plant Secondary Metabolite-Binding Gene Family Required for Full Virulence in Pectobacterium parvum. 一个新的植物次生代谢物结合基因家族在小乳杆菌中具有完全毒力。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70328

Jinhui Wang, Beibei Wu, Jiaxing Shen, Shangqing Zhang, Xingkui Cai, Minna Pirhonen

{"title":"A Novel Plant Secondary Metabolite-Binding Gene Family Required for Full Virulence in Pectobacterium parvum.","authors":"Jinhui Wang, Beibei Wu, Jiaxing Shen, Shangqing Zhang, Xingkui Cai, Minna Pirhonen","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.70328","url":null,"abstract":"Pectobacterium parvum is an emerging phytopathogen causing aerial stem rot of potato. P. parvum has a broad host range, with Chinese cabbage as one of its important hosts. Through multi-omics analysis, we discovered a previously uncharacterized gene family highly expressed during in planta infection, designated the plant secondary metabolite-binding (PSMB) family. This family likely originated via horizontal gene transfer and underwent lineage-specific expansion in P. parvum, forming a four-paralog pathogenicity island. Structural modelling revealed that PSMB proteins resemble the rhizobial RhiA protein, though their function in phytopathogens has not been established. Biochemical assays demonstrated that the representative member, PSMB1a, binds defensive plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) with high affinity. PSMB1a binds the solanidine with submicromolar affinity (Kd = 0.103 μM) and exhibited approximately 100-fold higher affinity over salicylic acid (Kd = 9.23 ± 2.35 μM), indicating selectivity for specific PSMs. Functional studies demonstrated that PSMB1a enhances tolerance to defensive PSMs and contributes to virulence. Heterologous expression of PSMB1a in sister species P. polare enhanced PSM tolerance and virulence on Chinese cabbage, but suppressed bacterial proliferation under non-stress conditions. Conversely, deletion of the entire PSMB pathogenicity island in P. parvum attenuated virulence on potato stems, Chinese cabbage, and radish while increasing in vitro growth, confirming a trade-off between virulence contribution and basal fitness. These findings identify the PSMB family as a new class of virulence factors in Pectobacterium and reveal a specialized adaptive strategy in P. parvum that involves the binding of defensive PSMs to facilitate infection.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70328"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148795403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Fungal Pathogen Fusarium graminearum Can Hydrolyse Tryptamine-Derived Hydroxy-Cinnamic Acid Amide Defence Compounds, and Generates Highly Increased Auxin Levels in Wheat via Copper Amine-Oxidases. 小麦赤霉病菌可以水解色胺衍生的羟基肉桂酸酰胺防御化合物，并通过铜胺氧化酶在小麦中产生大量生长素。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70325

Thomas Svoboda, Eduardo Beltran, Pia Spörhase, Philipp Fruhmann, Anika Bartholomäus, Gerlinde Wiesenberger, Ulrich Gueldener, Bernhard Seidl, Asja Ceranic, Rudolf Krska, Rainer Schuhmacher, Franz Berthiller, Gerhard Adam

{"title":"The Fungal Pathogen Fusarium graminearum Can Hydrolyse Tryptamine-Derived Hydroxy-Cinnamic Acid Amide Defence Compounds, and Generates Highly Increased Auxin Levels in Wheat via Copper Amine-Oxidases.","authors":"Thomas Svoboda, Eduardo Beltran, Pia Spörhase, Philipp Fruhmann, Anika Bartholomäus, Gerlinde Wiesenberger, Ulrich Gueldener, Bernhard Seidl, Asja Ceranic, Rudolf Krska, Rainer Schuhmacher, Franz Berthiller, Gerhard Adam","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.70325","url":null,"abstract":"The important cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum is not only able to produce trichothecene toxins, like deoxynivalenol, but also the plant hormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA). Highly elevated levels of IAA and auxin derivatives such as IAA-glucoside or IAA amino-acid conjugates were observed in the susceptible wheat cultivar Apogee infected with F. graminearum. We report here that the fungal pathogen can hydrolyse tryptamine-derived hydroxycinnamic acid amides produced in high amounts during plant defence and is able to convert the released tryptamine in high yield into IAA. We investigated the role of copper amine-oxidase candidate genes, which code for enzymes converting tryptamine into the IAA precursor indole-3-acetaldehyde. After consecutive knock-out of seven copper amine oxidases the resulting septuple-mutant strain (aoxΔ7) had strongly reduced ability to produce auxin from tryptamine in vitro. Virulence of the aoxΔ7 mutant was significantly impaired while deoxynivalenol production in planta was comparable to the wild type. Our results indicate that F. graminearum, formerly presumed to be a toxin-producing necrotroph, in an early biotrophic phase uses subterfuge by converting abundantly formed plant defence compounds into defence-suppressing auxin.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70325"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148795377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The SlARF6A-SlFBA3/SlSGR Module Regulates the Resistance of Tomatoes to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. SlARF6A-SlFBA3/SlSGR模块调控番茄对丁香假单胞菌的抗性番茄。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70327

Tong Pei, Weiman Sun, Tairu Wu, Dalong Li, He Zhang, Xiangyang Xu, Tingting Zhao

{"title":"The SlARF6A-SlFBA3/SlSGR Module Regulates the Resistance of Tomatoes to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato.","authors":"Tong Pei, Weiman Sun, Tairu Wu, Dalong Li, He Zhang, Xiangyang Xu, Tingting Zhao","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70327","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70327","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial leaf spot disease is among the most common diseases affecting tomato production. It is caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) and severely affects tomato plant growth, development, and yield. In this study, we identified a fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase gene, SlFBA3, whose expression was significantly increased in the tomato pathway for resistance to Pst. Overexpression of SlFBA3 enhanced tomato plant resistance, whereas knockout of SlFBA3 reduced the resistance of tomato plants. Further analysis revealed that SlSGR is an interacting protein of SlFBA3. Functional analysis showed that overexpression of SlSGR inhibited the resistance of tomato to Pst, whereas knockout of SlSGR increased resistance. Mechanistically, upon flg22 and csp22 elicitation, SlFBA3 can enhance the early immune signalling pathway, while SlSGR inhibits this response. Notably, we found that SlFBA3 can partially antagonize the function of SlSGR, thereby weakening the negative regulatory role of SlSGR in the disease response. In addition, we discovered that the positive regulatory factor SlARF6A of this disease-resistant response can target and regulate the transcriptional activation activity of SlFBA3. In conclusion, we revealed that the SlARF6A-SlFBA3/SlSGR module plays an important role in the resistance response of tomato to Pst, providing a new research direction for disease resistance breeding in tomato.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70327"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148795394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beneath the Bark: Molecular Determinants of Adaptation and Infection in Bacterial Pathogens of Woody Hosts. 树皮下：木本寄主病原菌适应和感染的分子决定因素。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70322

Antonio Arroyo-Mateo, Jesús Murillo, Luis Rodríguez-Moreno, Cayo Ramos

{"title":"Beneath the Bark: Molecular Determinants of Adaptation and Infection in Bacterial Pathogens of Woody Hosts.","authors":"Antonio Arroyo-Mateo, Jesús Murillo, Luis Rodríguez-Moreno, Cayo Ramos","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70322","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70322","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial pathogens of woody plants represent a pervasive yet underexplored threat to global agriculture and forestry, causing devastating diseases in fruit trees, shrubs, forest trees and ornamental species. Unlike pathogens of herbaceous plants, the molecular strategies enabling bacteria to colonise and damage woody tissues remain poorly understood, owing to the experimental challenges associated with woody host systems and the distinctive biology of these plants. Moreover, persistence within long-lived woody tissues requires prolonged modulation of host immune signalling, enabling pathogens to evade or attenuate defence responses across growing seasons. This review synthesises current knowledge of the virulence mechanisms underlying bacterial infection of woody hosts, highlighting host-specific strategies and conserved pathways critical for disease establishment. Key mechanisms include manipulation of plant immune responses through type III secretion system effectors and other secreted proteins, catabolism of host-derived metabolites, degradation of structural barriers, and the activity of bacterial toxins and extracellular polysaccharides. By integrating these molecular insights, we examine how bacterial pathogens have evolved adaptive strategies to overcome the unique challenges posed by woody tissues and emphasise the implications for disease management in economically important crops. Addressing knowledge gaps in woody-host infections is essential for developing innovative, targeted strategies to mitigate the impact of these pathogens and safeguard global woody crops and forestry systems.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 8","pages":"e70322"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fusarium sacchari 14-3-3 Protein FsBmh1 Sequesters a Novel Elicitor FsEcm33 to Evade Host Immunity. 糖衣镰刀菌14-3-3蛋白FsBmh1分离新的诱导子FsEcm33逃避宿主免疫。

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70309

Yuejia Chen, Yuming Lin, Lixian Zhao, Gengzhong Cheng, Liuting Huang, Yueying Zhao, Zhien Wei, Yuanzhi Mao, Xiaoxi Feng, Xipu He, Baoshan Chen, Jisen Zhang, Ziting Yao, Chengwu Zou

{"title":"Fusarium sacchari 14-3-3 Protein FsBmh1 Sequesters a Novel Elicitor FsEcm33 to Evade Host Immunity.","authors":"Yuejia Chen, Yuming Lin, Lixian Zhao, Gengzhong Cheng, Liuting Huang, Yueying Zhao, Zhien Wei, Yuanzhi Mao, Xiaoxi Feng, Xipu He, Baoshan Chen, Jisen Zhang, Ziting Yao, Chengwu Zou","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70309","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70309","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium sacchari, the causal agent of pokkah boeng disease (PBD), is a globally devastating pathogen of sugarcane that causes substantial economic losses. During infection, the fungus employs elicitors to induce necrosis in plant tissues, thereby enhancing pathogen fitness. However, the key elicitors in F. sacchari and the mechanism by which plants recognize them remain unclear. Here, we identified a predicted glycosylated phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein FsEcm33 as an elicitor that activates plant immunity. FsEcm33 is perceived in the apoplast of Nicotiana benthamiana by the receptor-like protein NbRE02 and induces cell death in a manner that requires the co-receptors NbBAK1 and NbSOBIR1. Purified FsEcm33 triggers basal immune responses in N. benthamiana and enhances disease resistance in multiple plant species, including sugarcane, rice, wheat, and star anise. In F. sacchari, FsEcm33 localizes to the cell surface, where its recognition by the host limits pathogen colonization. Notably, FsEcm33 specifically interacts with a 14-3-3 protein, FsBmh1, which reduces its accumulation at the fungal cell surface, suggesting a spatial sequestration mechanism that helps F. sacchari evade host immunity. Together, these findings establish FsEcm33 as a cell-surface elicitor perceived by NbRE02 and reveal an evolutionary strategy in which FsBmh1 sequesters FsEcm33 to evade host recognition and facilitate infection in F. sacchari.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 7","pages":"e70309"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced Rice Yellow Mottle Virus Resistance via CRISPR/Cas9-Targeted Mutagenesis of the Rice eIF(iso)4G Gene. 利用CRISPR/ cas9靶向诱变水稻eIF(iso)4G基因增强水稻抗黄斑驳病毒能力

IF 5 1区农林科学

Molecular plant pathology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.70312

Antony Kigaru, Elijah M Ateka, Hanu R Pappu, Everlyne M Nganga, Rosemary Murori, Mary Esther Toili, Steven Runo

{"title":"Enhanced Rice Yellow Mottle Virus Resistance via CRISPR/Cas9-Targeted Mutagenesis of the Rice eIF(iso)4G Gene.","authors":"Antony Kigaru, Elijah M Ateka, Hanu R Pappu, Everlyne M Nganga, Rosemary Murori, Mary Esther Toili, Steven Runo","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70312","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mpp.70312","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is a staple crop primarily recognised for its high content of carbohydrates and proteins. Rice yellow mottle disease (RYMD) is a destructive disease affecting rice fields in sub-Saharan Africa and is caused by the rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV). Development of virus-resistant genotypes is a highly recommended and effective approach to controlling RYMV. A genetic approach that exploits recessive mutations in susceptibility (S) genes may enhance resistance to the virus. Reports indicate that most rice genotypes grown in Kenya are vulnerable to RYMV infection. Genome editing has shown promise in enhancing agronomic traits in crops. We obtained enhanced resistance to RYMV in the Indica rice cv. IR2793-80-01 using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The eIF(iso)4G susceptibility gene was targeted because natural mutations in this gene confer recessive resistance to RYMV. A Cas9-OseIF(iso)4G-gRNA-expressing vector targeting the eIF(iso)4G gene was introduced into rice calli via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Ten T2 homozygous mutant plant lines were assessed for their reaction to RYMV, and infection was significantly reduced. There were no significant differences in the agronomic characteristics between the T2 mutant lines and the wild-type plants. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout alleles of the eIF(iso)4G gene conferred enhanced resistance to RYMV, which may be classified as partial. Findings underscore the need to embrace precise editing strategies, such as prime editing, to generate superior resistance alleles. Overall, the study provides an alternative resistance enhancement strategy that can create knockout resistance alleles that can be incorporated into breeding programmes for RYMV resistance.","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"27 7","pages":"e70312"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13373454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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