Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: mechanisms and in vitro models.","authors":"Ana Grego, Cristiana Fernandes, Ivo Fonseca, Marina Dias-Neto, Raquel Costa, Adelino Leite-Moreira, Sandra Marisa Oliveira, Fábio Trindade, Rita Nogueira-Ferreira","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05289-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05289-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endothelial cells (ECs) are arranged side-by-side to create a semi-permeable monolayer, forming the inner lining of every blood vessel (micro and macrocirculation). Serving as the first barrier for circulating molecules and cells, ECs represent the main regulators of vascular homeostasis being able to respond to environmental changes, either physical or chemical signals, by producing several factors that regulate vascular tone and cellular adhesion. Healthy endothelium has anticoagulant properties that prevent the adhesion of leukocytes and platelets to the vessel walls, contributing to resistance to thrombus formation, and regulating inflammation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Many risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) promote the endothelial expression of chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. The resultant endothelial activation can lead to endothelial cell dysfunction (ECD). In vitro models of ECD allow the study of cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease and provide a research platform for screening potential therapeutic agents. Even though alternative models are available, such as animal models or ex vivo models, in vitro models offer higher experimental flexibility and reproducibility, making them a valuable tool for the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of several diseases, such as CVDs. Therefore, this review aims to synthesize the currently available in vitro models regarding ECD, emphasizing CVDs. This work will focus on 2D cell culture models (endothelial cell lines and primary ECs), 3D cell culture systems (scaffold-free and scaffold-based), and 3D cell culture models (such as organ-on-a-chip). We will dissect the role of external stimuli-chemical and mechanical-in triggering ECD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4671-4695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding STING's roles in cancer: immunity, pain, dormancy, and autophagy.","authors":"Huan-Xin Lin, Ya-Ling Tang, Xin-Hua Liang","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05281-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05281-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is ubiquitously localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of diverse cell types, serving as a cornerstone of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-STING signaling pathway, which is critical for detecting cytosolic DNA and initiating innate immune responses. Conventionally, researchers have characterized STING as a tumor suppressor; however, emerging evidence indicates that activating STING may also facilitate tumor progression. Notably, the tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting effects mediated by STING are highly context dependent and influenced by specific tumor types and stages. Beyond its central role in immune defense, the STING signaling pathway regulates various physiological and pathological processes within cells. Dormant tumor cells, for instance, can adjust their STING expression to evade immune detection and clearance. Additionally, STING-induced autophagy functions as a negative regulator of STING, establishing a reciprocal interplay that impacts both innate immunity and antitumor immunity. Furthermore, STING activation can simultaneously stimulate the production of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, underscoring its dualistic impact on cancer pain modulation. Therefore, a nuanced understanding of STING's immunoregulatory and alternative roles in antitumor immunity is essential for effectively designing STING-targeted cancer therapies. This review comprehensively analyzes STING's structure and function, systematically elucidating its mechanisms and roles in antitumor immunity, dormancy, autophagy, and cancer pain modulation. By integrating current insights, this work aims to establish a robust theoretical foundation for advancing the development and clinical implementation of STING-targeted cancer therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4697-4723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical and mechanistic perspectives on adipose-derived stem cells for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease treatment.","authors":"Siarhei A Dabravolski, Mikhail A Popov, Aleksandra S Utkina, Gulalek A Babayeva, Anastasia O Maksaeva, Vasily N Sukhorukov, Alexander N Orekhov","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05285-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05285-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are a promising therapeutic modality for cardiovascular diseases due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic properties. This manuscript explores the current status, challenges, and future directions of AD-MSC therapies, focusing on their application in atherosclerosis (AS), myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure (HF). Preclinical studies highlight AD-MSC's ability to stabilise atherosclerotic plaques, reduce inflammation, and enhance myocardial repair through mechanisms such as macrophage polarisation, endothelial protection, and angiogenesis. Genetically and pharmacologically modified AD-MSCs, including those overexpressing SIRT1, IGF-1, and PD-L1 or primed with bioactive compounds, exhibit superior efficacy compared to unmodified cells. These modifications enhance cell survival, immunopotency, and reparative capacity, showcasing the potential for tailored therapies. However, clinical translation faces significant hurdles. While recent clinical trials have confirmed the safety of AD-MSC therapy, their efficacy remains inconsistent, necessitating further optimisation of patient selection, dosing strategies, and delivery methods. Donor variability, particularly in patients with co-morbidities like type 2 diabetes (T2D) or obesity, impairs AD-MSC efficacy. Emerging research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from AD-MSC offers a promising cell-free alternative, retaining the therapeutic benefits while mitigating risks. Future perspectives emphasise the need for multidisciplinary approaches to overcome these limitations. Strategies include refining genetic modifications, exploring EV-based therapies, and integrating personalised medicine and advanced diagnostic tools. By addressing these challenges, AD-MSC therapies hold the potential to revolutionise the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, providing innovative solutions to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4647-4670"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Irisin: muscle's novel player in endoplasmic reticulum stress and disease.","authors":"Joel Rimson Pinto, K Deepika Bhat, Bipasha Bose, P Sudheer Shenoy","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05272-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05272-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4885-4886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral nerves-cancer cross-talk: the next frontier in cancer treatment.","authors":"Leihan Wang, Teng Qi, Lingyun Tang, Yuehan Wang, Zhenni ChenLiu, Daorong Wang, Dong Tang","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05256-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05256-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nervous system, which regulates organogenesis, homeostasis, and plasticity of the organism during human growth and development, integrates physiological functions of all organ systems, including the immune system. Its extensive network of branches throughout the body reaches the tumor microenvironment (TME), where it secretes neurotransmitters that directly regulate or influence immune cells. This, in turn, indirectly affects the occurrence, development, and metastasis of cancer. Conversely, cancer cells are now understood to secrete neurotrophic factors that remodel the nervous system. Targeting the cross-talk between the nervous system and cancer represents a promising strategy for cancer treatment, some aspects of which have been confirmed in clinical trials. This review addresses gaps in our understanding of the interaction between peripheral nerves and various human cancers. At the intersection of neuroscience and cancer biology, new targets for neuroscience-based cancer therapies are emerging, establishing a significant new pillar in cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4533-4547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143720594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptome analysis reveals the functions of TREM2^high macrophages and infarct border dynamics post-myocardial infarction.","authors":"Tao Xiong, Yan Chen, Chang Liu, Yaxiong Li, Yayong Zhang, Qing Chang","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05317-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-025-05317-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study employs an integrative approach combining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics (ST), and bulk RNA sequencing to investigate the complex cellular and molecular dynamics following myocardial infarction (MI). Quality control, batch correction, dimensionality reduction, clustering, and annotation were performed on scRNA and ST data. The Milo tool was used to analyze differential cell abundance. Developmental trajectory inference was conducted using the Monocle2 algorithm, and cell-cell communication was explored using CellPhoneDB and NicheNet. SCENIC analysis identified active transcription factors (TFs) in macrophage subtypes. Additionally, deconvolution was used to assess the spatial distribution of cell types. The functional roles of different myocardial regions were explored through cell communication patterns. Mouse MI and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) models were established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Molecular changes were analyzed using RT-qPCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. In vitro, AC16 cardiomyocytes (CMs) and THP-1-derived M2 macrophages were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and co-culture experiments to study TREM2-mediated effects. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. The study identified dynamic changes in the proportions of immune cell types at different time points post-MI. ST revealed distinct immune cell infiltration patterns in the infarct, border, and remote zones, with macrophages progressively infiltrating the infarct region over time. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted key pathways involved in inflammation, cell proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodeling across different cardiac regions. The study also identified Trem2^high macrophages as key players in tissue repair. SCENIC analysis uncovered TFs regulating macrophage subtypes, emphasizing their roles in immune regulation and tissue reconstruction. Finally, cell-cell communication analysis revealed complex signaling networks influencing immune responses and tissue repair. Our results demonstrated that the expressions of Trem2 were significantly increased in the IZ groups in the MI and I/R model, and co-culture with TREM2-overexpressing M2 macrophages significantly enhanced the proliferative capacity and reduced apoptosis in AC16 CMs under OGD/R conditions, indicating a critical role of Trem2 in the I/R response and CMs survival. This comprehensive analysis provides a detailed map of the cellular and molecular landscape post-MI, highlighting the temporal and spatial dynamics of immune cells and their regulatory networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy: from genes and molecules to potential treatments.","authors":"Xiumei Wang, Zekun Lang, Zeyi Yan, Jing Xu, Jinyuan Zhang, Lianhang Jiao, Haijun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05269-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05269-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dilated cardiomyopathy is a myocardial condition marked by the enlargement of the heart's ventricular chambers and the gradual decline in systolic function, frequently resulting in congestive heart failure. Dilated cardiomyopathy has obvious familial characteristics, and mutations in related pathogenic genes can account for about 50% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. The most common genes related to dilated cardiomyopathy include TTN, LMNA, MYH7, etc. With more and more research on these genes, it will undoubtedly provide more potential targets and therapeutic pathways for the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. In addition, myocardial inflammation, myocardial metabolism abnormalities and cardiomyocyte apoptosis all have an important impact on the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Approximately half of sudden deaths among children and adolescents, along with the majority of patients undergoing heart transplantation, stem from cardiomyopathy. Therefore, precise and prompt clinical diagnosis holds paramount importance. Currently, diagnosis primarily hinges on the patient's medical background and imaging tests, with the significance of genetic testing steadily gaining prominence. The primary treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy remains heart transplantation. However, the scarcity of donors and the risk of severe immune rejection underscore the pressing need for novel therapies. Presently, research is actively exploring preclinical treatments like stem cell therapy as potential solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4549-4571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D alleviates oxidative stress in varicose veins: a pilot study in obese and non-obese patients.","authors":"Sonia Rațiu, Mihaela I Mariș, Adina V Furdui-Lința, Theia Stanciu-Lelcu, Claudia Borza, Sorin Olariu, Tiberiu Bratu, Adrian Sturza, Danina M Muntean","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05292-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05292-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic venous disease and varicose veins of the lower extremities represent a widespread pathology, particularly in individuals with obesity. A high prevalence of varicose vein disease has been observed in obese patients in association with lower plasma levels of vitamin D. The present pilot study aimed to investigate the acute effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ [1,25(OH)₂D₃], the biologically active form of vitamin D, on oxidative stress in varicose veins obtained from both obese and non-obese patients undergoing cryostripping surgery for varicose vein ablation. Varicose venous samples treated or not with 1,25(OH)₂D₃ (100 nM, 12-h incubation) were analysed for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation using the ferrous xylenol orange oxidation (FOX) assay and immunofluorescence technique. Additionally, the gene expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was assessed via qPCR. We report a significant reduction in circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ [25(OH)D₃] levels in obese as compared to non-obese patients. Ex vivo incubation of the venous samples with 1,25(OH)₂D₃ resulted in: (i) significant reduction in ROS level, (ii) upregulation of eNOS and nNOS expression, and (iii) downregulation of iNOS expression in both groups of patients. Vitamin D did not exhibit a ROS scavenger effect, and the antioxidant effect is presumably mediated via its receptor whose presence was confirmed in the varicose venous samples. In conclusion, vitamin D exerts protective effects in venous pathology, which may be beneficial in acute administration prior to the surgical intervention. Large clinical trials are required to assess the optimal dosage and time/duration of administration in patients with chronic venous disease with surgical indication.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4797-4807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of resveratrol on inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Alireza Bastin, Thomas Netticadan, Fatemeh Abbasi, Naseeb Rahimi, Marzieh Mahmoodi, Mehdi Alizadeh, Ali Movahed, Mohammad Amin Momeni-Moghaddam","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05290-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11010-025-05290-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies show that the clinical symptoms of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are significantly reduced by treatment with medicinal plants, including plants with strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The use of herbal medicines and supplements is considered to be suitable due to relatively mild side effects. Resveratrol is one of the most potent plant compounds found in both medicinal and non-medicinal plants, and it has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, the aim of the double-blind clinical study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol consumption on biochemical markers, hematological parameters, and some inflammatory cytokines in patients with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 44 patients with COVID-19 were randomly assigned to receive 750 mg/day of resveratrol (n = 24) orally or placebo (n = 20) for 10 days. A permuted block randomized design (block size two) was used for randomization. The biochemical markers, hematological parameters, and plasma levels of Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) cytokines were measured at baseline and after 10 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a statistically significant reduction in the C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.041), Fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.002), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P = 0.034), IL-1β (P = 0.011), TNF-α (P = 0.001), and White blood cell (WBC) (P = 0.043), Platelet count (PLT) (P = 0.042), Neutrophils (NUT) (P = 0.015) and an increase in Lymphocyte (LYM) (P = 0.010) in the resveratrol treated group when compared with the placebo group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrated that resveratrol as an herbal supplement may be useful in reducing markers of inflammation, neutrophils, and low platelet count, as well as lowering blood glucose levels in patients with COVID-19. The trial was prospectively registered at IRCT.ir as IRCT20111119008129N13. Registration date: 2022-10-11.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"4865-4872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sirtuins in mitophagy: key gatekeepers of mitochondrial quality.","authors":"Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel","doi":"10.1007/s11010-025-05358-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-025-05358-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles essential for cellular energy production. However, they are also a primary source of reactive oxygen species, making them particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. To preserve mitochondrial integrity, cells employ quality control mechanisms such as mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy that targets damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria for degradation. Among the key regulators of mitophagy are the sirtuins, a family of NAD⁺-dependent deacetylases. SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6 generally promote mitophagy, whereas SIRT2, SIRT4, SIRT5, and SIRT7 often act as negative regulators. Sirtuin-mediated regulation of mitophagy is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. The aim of this review is to provide an overview focused on describing how sirtuins influence the mitophagy process. It highlights the different molecular mechanisms by which individual members of the sirtuin family modulate mitophagy, either by promoting or suppressing it, depending on the context. In addition, the review explores the relevance of sirtuin-regulated mitophagy in health and disease, emphasizing some conditions under which altered sirtuin activity could be harnessed for therapeutic benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":18724,"journal":{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}