Microscopy Research and Technique最新文献

{"title":"Mechanical Analysis of Phellinus Linteus-Induced Apoptosis of Hepatoma Cells.","authors":"Yuxi Huang, Fan Yang, Chuanzhi Liu, Jianfei Wang, Ying Wang, Guicai Song, Zuobin Wang","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver cancer is prevalent with the third highest mortality rate globally. The biomechanical properties of cancer cells play a crucial role in their proliferation and differentiation. Studying the morphological and mechanical properties of individual living cells can be helpful for early diagnosis of cancers. Herein, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to investigate the effects of Phellinus linteus on hepatocyte cells (HL-7702) and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (SMCC-7721) in terms of morphological and mechanical changes at the nanoscale. The water extract of Phellinus linteus (PLWE) resulted in increased height and surface roughness of SMCC-7721 cells. Also, the PLWE-treated showed that the average adhesion decreased by 1.69 nN and the average Young's modulus increased by 0.379 kPa. Additionally, the SMCC-7721 cells treated with PLWE showed clearly reduced activity compared with HL-7702 cells. This study suggested that Phellinus Linteus could be a potential candidate for selective anti-cancer therapy, providing a new avenue for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen Morphology of Gentiana L. (Gentianaceae) in Türkiye.","authors":"Erkan Şeker, Mehmet Çiçek","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the pollen morphology of 13 taxa of Turkish Gentiana using a statistical approach, contributing to their taxonomy. The aim is to elucidate the palynological characteristics of the taxa and to reveal their contributions to the systematic understanding of the genus Gentiana. The pollen grains are monad, radially symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate. The shapes of pollen grains are mostly oblate-spheroidal, occasionally subprolate, and rarely spheroidal. The polar axis ranges from 27.92 to 35.80 μm, the equatorial axis 25.33 to 35.42 μm. The ornamentation type is mostly observed as striate-perforate; however, striate-reticulate, striate, rugulate, reticulate, and rugulate-perforate types have also been observed. The result of numerical analyzes showed that Turkish Gentiana were divided into three groups. The results of PCA analysis, correlated with 84.2% ratio, showed that pollen characters grouped into three principal component. According to PCA analysis, the pollen characters to be used for cluster analysis were determined. Equatorial axis, Clt, Plg, pore diameter, mesocolpium, and apocolpium of the measured pollens are in the first principal component (explains 53.4%). Polar axis, Clg, p/e of the pollen characters are in the second principal component (explains 20.4%). Exine, intine, and Clg/Clt are in the third principal component (explains 10.4%). In conclusion, ornamentation type, polar axis, Clg, Clt, pore diameter, intine, exine, and mesocolpium have been identified as significant and distinguishing characters in taxonomy. Our results support the close relationship among some taxa (i.e., G. gelida and G. boissieri, G. verna subspecies, G. pyrenaica, and G. aquatica).</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen and Stigma Morphology, Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity of Wittmackia Species (Bromeliaceae) by Light, Fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy.","authors":"Gleice Quelle Silva Dos Santos Nascimento, Tiago Abreu da Silva, Pedro Schwambach de Almeida, Mônica Lanzoni Rossi, Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza, Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme Aona, Maria Angélica Pereira de Carvalho Costa, Everton Hilo de Souza","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus Wittmackia has 44 species distributed in two centers of diversity: the Brazilian clade and the Caribbean clade. The Brazilian clade includes 29 species, with geographic distribution concentrated in the Northeast of Brazil. This study reports the morphology, ultrastructure, pollen viability and stigma receptivity by different microscopy techniques of 23 species of the genus Wittmackia endemic to Brazil and occurring in Atlantic Forest areas. Pollen morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy by the weak lactic acetolysis method. Histochemical tests were performed with Alexander's solution and fluorescein diacetate. For in vitro germination of pollen grains, two culture media were evaluated. Stigma receptivity was evaluated with hydrogen peroxide and α-naphthyl acetate. The Wittmackia genus presented biporate pollen grains, monads to tetrads, with oblate, suboblate or oblate-spheroidal shape, circular or elliptical scope, and heteropolar or sub-isopolar morphology. The stigmas are of the conduplicate-spiral type, with differences in color and size. In both histochemical tests, high viability was observed, mainly at anthesis, coinciding with in vitro germination. The species presented high enzymatic activity during receptivity, with a very strong positive response, mainly at anthesis. Studies of pollen morphology and viability provide important information for the conservation and genetic improvement of Wittmackia species, also assisting in the taxonomy of the genus and the reproductive success of future controlled crosses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen Diversity in the Tribe Cardueae (Asteraceae) and Its Taxonomic Significance.","authors":"Neda Atazadeh, Farrokh Ghahremaninejad","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Cardueae with about 74 genera and 2500 species is one of the largest tribes of the family Asteraceae. The taxonomy of the Cardueae is complicated and unresolved, as it contains the largest and most diverse genera. The main distribution centers of the Cardueae are in the eastern and western Mediterranean, the western Irano-Turanian region, central Asia, and North Africa. Using pollen morphology can be a useful tool for the identification and delimitation of Cardueae taxa. Therefore, the current study aims to describe the pollen types of tribe Cardueae based on pollen features. Furthermore, the study addresses the relationships among the genera and species based on palynological features as well as species delimitation based on pollen morphology. Pollen morphology of 39 species of Cardueae distributed in 28 genera was examined by scanning electron microscopy. In the present study, statistical analyses and various clustering and ordination methods were provided for palynological data. Based on these results, the members of nine subtribes of Cardueae showed overlap in palynological data. This extreme heterogeneity of relationships among the taxa of tribe Cardueae could be attributed to the large number of taxa and their high morphological diversity. However, suitable palynological features were distinguished for taxonomic differentiation among the species of Cardueae, including pollen shape, size, polar axis to equatorial diameter ratio [P/E], exine sculpture, and spine size. Consequently, six pollen types were identified in the studied taxa of Cardueae.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic Techniques for Nanomaterials Characterization: A Concise Review.","authors":"Abbas Aziz, Huma Shaikh, Amna Abbas, Kissa E Zehra, Bakhtawar Javed","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanomaterials have been gaining interest due to their remarkable properties at the nanoscale. The surface area of particles becomes high at the nanoscale because of this virtue, they have been used in a bundle of applications like electronics, biomedical, agriculture, wastewater treatment, semiconductor industry, cosmetics, drug delivery, paints, and so forth. The morphology (size and shape) of nanomaterials plays an important role because each application requires the appropriate morphology for better performance. Generally, there are a few microscopic techniques used to characterize nanomaterial morphology, AFM (atomic force microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and others. In this review, the principles, operations, advantages, and limitations of these microscopic techniques for nanomaterial morphology characterization have been briefly discussed. The existing difficulties and path forward for the development of these techniques have also been highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Alterations Caused by Meloidogyne incognita in the Rhizospheric Region of Curcuma longa in Baruasagar Town of Jhansi (U.P.) India.","authors":"Abha Sachan, Neelam Kashyap, Manvendra Sengar","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita are sedentary endoparasites with a broad host range which includes economically important medicinal plant species including Turmeric. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant (MAPs) grown at Baruasagar town in Jhansi district where root-knot nematodes are a major threat in production fields. The invasion of M. incognita causes serious morphological abnormalities like stunted growth and yellowness of leaves above the ground and the formation of galls at the rhizospheric root, below the ground. The infected root samples of C. longa were collected from three different agro-ecosystem zones of Baruasagar town of Jhansi and processed for optical microscopic investigation. For ascertaining the histopathological modifications, the galled roots were collected and the egg masses were picked from them for culture. The giant cells observed with thicker irregular cell walls and possessed dense cytoplasmic contents with multiple nuclei.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly-Efficient Differentiation of Reactive Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood Using Multi-Object Detection Network With Large Kernels.","authors":"Zihan Liu, Haoran Peng, Zhaoyi Ye, Chentao Lian, Hui Shen, Hengyang Xiang, Bei Xiong, Liye Mei","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive lymphocytes are an important type of leukocytes, which are morphologically transformed from lymphocytes. The increase in these cells is usually a sign of certain virus infections, so their detection plays an important role in the fight against diseases. Manual detection of reactive lymphocytes is undoubtedly time-consuming and labor-intensive, requiring a high level of professional knowledge. Therefore, it is highly necessary to conduct research into computer-assisted diagnosis. With the development of deep learning technology in the field of computer vision, more and more models are being applied in the field of medical imaging. We aim to propose an advanced multi-object detection network and apply it to practical medical scenarios of reactive lymphocyte detection and other leukocyte detection. First, we introduce a space-to-depth convolution (SPD-Conv), which enhances the model's ability to detect dense small objects. Next, we design a dynamic large kernel attention (DLKA) mechanism, enabling the model to better model the context of various cells in clinical scenarios. Lastly, we introduce a brand-new feature fusion network, the asymptotic feature pyramid network (AFPN), which strengthens the model's ability to fuse multi-scale features. Our model ultimately achieves mAP50 of 0.918 for reactive lymphocyte detection and 0.907 for all leukocytes, while also demonstrating good interpretability. In addition, we propose a new peripheral blood cell dataset, providing data support for subsequent related work. In summary, our work takes a significant step forward in the detection of reactive lymphocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Synergistic Interactions Between AgNPs and NiCl₂ on the Morpho-Physiological Trajectories of Zea mays L. Through Comprehensive Characterization at Seedling Stage.","authors":"Riaz Hussain, Nadia Mushtaq, Mushtaq Ahmed, Hajra Hameed, Saboor Badshah, Naila Sher, Farhad Badshah, Abdul Waheed, M Ajmal Ali, Mohamed S Elshikh","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is preferred for its affordability and environmentally friendly approach. This study explored the synthesis and characterization of silver NPs (AgNPs) and examined their impact on the growth of Zea mays, both alone and in combination with nickel chloride (NiCl₂). A methanolic leaf extract was combined with silver nitrate to synthesize AgNPs. Characterization of NPs was carried out through UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Eleven treatments (T1-T11) were made, and Z. mays seeds were subjected to NiCl₂ in pots after being soaked in AgNPs solution. Treatments were arranged to evaluate the effects of NiCl₂ (T1-T3), AgNPs (T4 and T5), and the interactive effects of AgNPs and NiCl₂ (T6-T11) on the planted seeds. UV-vis peaks at 410 nm confirmed the presence of AgNPs. The crystalline nature of AgNPs was confirmed through XRD analysis, and the presence of functional groups from biomolecules and capping agents was shown in FT-IR. The morphology of the NPs and elemental analysis were conducted using SEM and EDS, respectively. The size of the NPs was found 25-50 nm using Nano Measurer software. Growth inhibition was noticed in NiCl₂-treatments T1-T3. Maximum growth and 100% seed germination were observed in NP-treated seeds (T4 and T5). These two treatments also showed the highest germination index, root/shoot growth, and fresh/dry weights. In treatments T6-T11, the interaction between NiCl₂ and AgNP-soaked seeds showed that while AgNP concentrations alone promoted growth, this enhancement was suppressed by the presence of NiCl₂ in the soil. The inhibited values of T6-T11 were still greater than the control, indicating that soaking Z. mays seeds in AgNPs enhanced growth and mitigated nickel stress in the soil. Pigments, carbohydrates, and protein contents were highest in T4 and T5, whereas NiCl₂ reduced these values. Synthesized AgNPs could enhance Z. mays growth and reduce nickel stress at the applied amounts. Further investigation is required to determine the mechanisms of action of AgNPs and NiCl₂ in enhancing or reducing Z. mays seedling growth and yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Findings in Developmental Studies of Laryngeal Mound With a Reference to Its Attached Structures in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica).","authors":"Mahmoud Osman Khalifa, Wafaa Gaber, Abdelmohaimen Mostafa Saleh","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The laryngeal mound (LM) formed the caudal part of the pharyngeal floor, which varied in position, shape, and length at different ages. This work aimed to study the morphogenesis of the LM in the embryonic and post hatching periods grossly, histologically, and by scanning electron microscopy using forty-eight Japanese quails. The LM primordia appeared on the 8th day of incubation as a raised elevation carried on a deep median symmetrical sulcus (glottis primordium). As a result of rapid differential LM parts growth, LM took different shapes with advanced ages, finally ending in a heart shape. Internally, LM was supported by hyaline laryngeal cartilages; a C-shaped cricoid cartilage that had two wings, paired fork-like two arytenoids, and a comma-shaped procricoid that had four articulations. The glottis appeared as a central longitudinal opening on the 13th day of incubation. With age advancing, it was characterized as a wide rostral commissure and a caudal narrow one that was supported on either side by arytenoid cartilages. Additionally, on the 13th day, a bilateral sagittal row to the glottis developed, consisting of 8-9 small caudally directed papillae. At that time, rostral and caudal transverse laryngeal papillary rows appeared. LM had compound tubuloalveolar submucosal laryngeal glands that were situated between M. dilator glottidis and cricohyoideus and opened on the dorsal surface of LM. Histochemically, the early post-hatching stages of the glandular secretion were PAS-positive while late post-hatching ages had alcinophilic reactions. In conclusion, the LM had rapid morphological developmental events in the early ages other than the adult ages.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Driven Microscopy: Cutting-Edge Approach for Breast Tissue Prognosis Using Microscopic Images.","authors":"Tariq Mahmood, Tanzila Saba, Shaha Al-Otaibi, Noor Ayesha, Ahmed S Almasoud","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microscopic imaging aids disease diagnosis by describing quantitative cell morphology and tissue size. However, the high spatial resolution of these images poses significant challenges for manual quantitative evaluation. This project proposes using computer-aided analysis methods to address these challenges, enabling rapid and precise clinical diagnosis, course analysis, and prognostic prediction. This research introduces advanced deep learning frameworks such as squeeze-and-excitation and dilated dense convolution blocks to tackle the complexities of quantifying small and intricate breast cancer tissues and meeting the real-time requirements of pathological image analysis. Our proposed framework integrates a dense convolutional network (DenseNet) with an attention mechanism, enhancing the capability for rapid and accurate clinical assessments. These multi-classification models facilitate the precise prediction and segmentation of breast lesions in microscopic images by leveraging lightweight multi-scale feature extraction, dynamic region attention, sub-region classification, and regional regularization loss functions. This research will employ transfer learning paradigms and data enhancement methods to enhance the models' learning further and prevent overfitting. We propose the fine-tuning employing pre-trained architectures such as VGGNet-19, ResNet152V2, EfficientNetV2-B1, and DenseNet-121, modifying the final pooling layer in each model's last block with an SPP layer and associated BN layer. The study uses labeled and unlabeled data for tissue microscopic image analysis, enhancing models' robust features and classification abilities. This method reduces the costs and time associated with traditional methods, alleviating the burden of data labeling in computational pathology. The goal is to provide a sophisticated, efficient quantitative pathological image analysis solution, improving clinical outcomes and advancing the computational field. The model, trained, validated, and tested on a microscope breast image dataset, achieved recognition accuracy of 99.6% for benign and malignant secondary classification and 99.4% for eight breast subtypes classification. Our proposed approach demonstrates substantial improvement compared to existing methods, which generally report lower accuracies for breast subtype classification ranging between 85% and 94%. This high level of accuracy underscores the potential of our approach to provide reliable diagnostic support, enhancing precision in clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}