Microbiology and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Exploring miR-577 and miR-494-3p as Emerging Biomarkers in Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Diagnostic and Prognostic Perspectives","authors":"Lixia Xu,&nbsp;Jingpo Li,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Qiushuang Zhang,&nbsp;Qiuju Feng,&nbsp;Lijie Bai","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13210","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13210","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) poses a severe threat to patients' lives and health, making early predictions, intervention, and treatment crucial. This study aims to preliminarily explore the clinical role of miR-577 and miR-494-3p in sepsis-associated AKI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>The study included 70 sepsis patients with AKI, 65 sepsis patients without AKI, and a healthy control group (HC, <i>n</i> = 67) to set baseline miRNA levels. Urinary miR-577 and miR-494-3p levels were measured using qRT-PCR. ROC curves evaluated their diagnostic value for sepsis-associated AKI. Logistic regression analyzed AKI risk factors, while Pearson correlation explored miRNA-clinical indicator links. Cox regression models and KM curves assessed the prognostic value of miRNAs in sepsis-associated AKI patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Sepsis-associated AKI patients showed heightened inflammatory markers, renal indicators, and APACHE II scores compared to those without AKI. However, their urinary miR-577 and miR-494-3p levels were notably lower, distinguishing them with high diagnostic value. These miRNAs inversely correlated with inflammatory markers, renal indicators, and severity scores. Logistic regression showed lactate, PCT, BUN, Scr, Cys-C, NGAL, KIM-1, and APACHE II, as risk factors, while miR-577 and miR-494-3p were protective. In deceased sepsis-associated AKI patients, these miRNAs were lower, with higher inflammatory markers, renal indicators, and severity scores. miR-577 and miR-494-3p independently predicted mortality, with lower expressions linked to higher death rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>miR-577 and miR-494-3p are closely related to sepsis-associated AKI and can serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognostic assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 5","pages":"297-306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of C-Type Lectins and Recognition of Pathogens","authors":"Yasunobu Miyake","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13211","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13211","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C-type lectins are calcium-dependent glycan-binding proteins that play key roles in the innate immune response by recognizing pathogens. Soluble C-type lectins agglutinate and neutralize pathogens, activate the complement system, and promote pathogen clearance via opsonization. Membrane-bound C-type lectins, also known as C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), internalize pathogens and induce their degradation in lysosomes, presenting pathogen-derived antigens to MHC-II molecules to activate adaptive immunity. CLRs also have signaling capabilities. Some contain the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), which induces inflammatory responses by activating transcription factors, such as NF-κB and NFAT. Others contain the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), which suppresses activating signals by activating phosphatases, such as SHP-1. This creates a balance between activation and inhibition. C-type lectins are classified into 17 groups based on their structural domains, with Groups II and V members being particularly important for pathogen recognition. In this review, we present the accumulated and recent information on pathogen recognition by C-type lectins, along with their classification and basic functions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 5","pages":"257-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Inactivation of Airborne Viruses by Low-Concentration Ozone With High Humidity and Temperature","authors":"Hidekazu Nishimura,&nbsp;Soichiro Sakata,&nbsp;Isolde Dapat,&nbsp;Masayuki Segawa,&nbsp;Yuki Mizutani,&nbsp;Junya Imaizumi,&nbsp;Kazuya Shirato,&nbsp;Suguru Ohmiya,&nbsp;Masanori Katsumi,&nbsp;Takahiro Yokoyama","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13204","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13204","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ambient humidity, temperature, and ozone influence the viability of airborne viruses, but their synergistic effects are poorly understood, particularly regarding ozone with humidity/temperature changes. Therefore, we examined the inactivation of airborne influenza viruses and coronaviruses under combinations of low ambient ozone concentrations, relative humidity (RH) levels, and temperatures typical of daily life. Viral fluid was atomized in a closed chamber conditioned with different combinations of these factors. The atomized aerosol particles containing the virus were exposed to ambient air and then sampled for titration. Active virus levels in ambient air at 50%–85% RH with 15, 35, and 55 ppb ozone significantly decreased compared with those in ambient air with 0 ppb ozone, whereas those in ambient air at &lt; 40% RH decreased only slightly, even with 100 ppb ozone. Viral gene copy numbers, assayed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, remained similar across all conditions. Inactivation increased with higher temperatures, although not at 15°C. These findings suggest that low concentrations of ambient ozone, when combined with high humidity and temperature, effectively inactivate airborne viruses, potentially influencing viral transmission in real-world environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 5","pages":"280-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal Administration of Bivalent RBD Nanoparticles Elicits Strong Systemic Responses That Effectively Block Distal Dissemination of COVID-19","authors":"Mathurin Seesen,&nbsp;Panya Sunintaboon,&nbsp;Jitra Limthongkul,&nbsp;Yada Janhirun,&nbsp;Hatairat Lerdsamran,&nbsp;Witthawat Wiriyarat,&nbsp;Sukathida Ubol,&nbsp;Tuksin Jearanaiwitayakul","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intranasal vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has gained more attention because of its ability to induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses. We have recently developed a c-GAMP-adjuvanted bivalent receptor-binding domain (RBD) vaccine, derived from the ancestral strain and the Omicron variant. We demonstrated here that intranasal administration of this vaccine candidate triggers not only the respiratory but also the systemic immune response against SARS-CoV-2. The immunized mice elicited the broadly neutralizing antibodies against the ancestral strain (Wuhan-1) and variants of concern (Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.5). This route of vaccination also induced potent systemic T cell responses with strong cytotoxic activity against both the Wuhan-1 and Omicron BA.1 strains. Additionally, intranasally immunized mice significantly suppressed SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in circulation and spleens, indicating effective containment of the virus beyond the respiratory tract. These findings suggest that the intranasal bivalent RBD vaccine holds promise for combating SARS-CoV-2 infections.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 5","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information – Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1348-0421.13135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Cover photograph</b>: Heatmaps of correlations between different mediators in serum of etiological groups. <i>Microbiol Immunol: 69:174-181</i>. Article link here\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 3","pages":"i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Atypical Kappa-Class Chaperone-Usher Fimbriae of a Human Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strain Shows Multi-Host Adherence and Distinct Phylogenetic Feature","authors":"Hiharu Inoue,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Tanimoto,&nbsp;Dongming Zheng,&nbsp;Erika Ban-Furukawa,&nbsp;Miyoko Inoue,&nbsp;Yuko Omori,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Taro Tachibana,&nbsp;Hisashi Aso,&nbsp;Weiping Zhang,&nbsp;Eriko Kage-Nakadai,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Nishikawa,&nbsp;Takayuki Wada","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13208","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC) involves the colonization of hosts by colonization factors (CFs) and the secretion of enterotoxins. CFs, especially chaperone-usher fimbriae, mediate bacterial adhesion to host cells, with extensive genetic diversity observed among isolates. One ETEC strain, O169YN10, possessed a unique plasmid (pEntYN10) encoding three CFs, CS6, and two novel homologs of CS8 and F4 (CS6_O169, CS8_O169, and F4_O169). In this study, F4_O169 was found to play a major role in adhesion to multiple hosts, including human, bovine, and porcine epithelial cells, whereas the other two CSs were less functional. Inhibition assays using antibodies showed that FayG1, one of the two major paralogous adhesins of F4_O169, directly contributes to human cell adhesion. Despite the established function of FayG1, the FayG2 protein was not detected under the in vitro conditions. Comparative genomics revealed that FayG1 and FayG2 share low homology with other <i>E. coli</i> strains isolated from hosts, suggesting sporadic emergence from an unknown origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 5","pages":"270-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Functional Role of TIMM29 in the Hepatitis B Virus Life Cycle","authors":"Limia Abueldahab,&nbsp;Yadarat Suwanmanee,&nbsp;Nelly Muriungi,&nbsp;Eriko Ohsaki,&nbsp;Masami Wada,&nbsp;Shihoko Kimura-Ohba,&nbsp;Keiji Ueda","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13206","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13206","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes chronic hepatitis B, which can progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV has complex interactions with various cell organelles and proteins that ensure effective progeny virus production. We previously reported that a mitochondrial protein, TIMM29, should regulate the HBV life cycle through interactions with the HBV preS1 protein. Here, we established Halo-TIMM29wt-, Halo-TIMM29:∆99–192-, and Halo-TIMM29:92–194-expressing cells using TIMM29-knockout HB611 (TIMM29KO/HB611) cells, a stably HBV-producing cell line based on Huh6 cells. We found that HBV antigen expression and replication were downregulated in cells stably expressing full-length TIMM29, but not in those expressing TIMM29 deletion mutants. On the other hand, in the case of TIMM29-knockout C4 (TIMM29KO/C4), which is a human NTCP-expressing HepG2 cell line that is competent for HBV infection and amplification, these phenomena were not reproduced, except in full-length TIMM29 (Halo-TIMM29wt)-expressing cells. Using gene expression microarrays, we identified downregulation of ARRDC3 and BASP1 in TIMM29KO/HB611 and TIMM29KO/C4. It was suggested that TIMM29 localized at the mitochondrial inner membrane served as a signaling hub, orchestrating the activation of ARRDC3 and BASP1 expression to restrict HBV transcription. The expression of TIMM29 mutants in TIMM29KO/HB611 and TIMM29KO/C4 cells suggested that ARRDC3 was dependent on the HBV preS1-binding region of TIMM29 (amino acids 99–189). In contrast, BASP1 expression varied according to cell type, indicating additional regulatory mechanisms. Thus, this study should significantly advance our understanding of TIMM29-mediated inhibition of HBV amplification and lead to improvements in antiviral strategies and therapeutic interventions against HBV.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 4","pages":"229-246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supersulfides: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Autoinflammatory Diseases","authors":"Tianli Zhang,&nbsp;Touya Toyomoto,&nbsp;Tomohiro Sawa,&nbsp;Takaaki Akaike,&nbsp;Tetsuro Matsunaga","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13205","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13205","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Supersulfides are molecular species characterized by catenated sulfur moieties, including low-molecular-weight and protein-bound supersulfides. Emerging evidence suggests that these molecules, abundantly present in diverse organisms, play essential roles far beyond their chemical properties, such as functions in energy metabolism, protein stabilization, and antiviral defense. Recent studies highlight their regulatory effects on pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and associated signaling pathways–such as nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor signaling, toll-like receptor signaling, and type I interferon receptor signaling–critical for innate immunity and inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of these pathways is implicated in a heterogeneous group of autoinflammatory diseases, including inflammasomopathies, relopathies, and type I interferonopathies, respectively. Notably, both endogenous and synthetic supersulfide donors have recently shown promising inhibitory effects on PRR signaling, offering their potential as targeted therapies for managing autoinflammatory conditions. This review summarizes the fundamental biology of supersulfides and typical autoinflammatory diseases, focusing on their roles in innate immune and inflammatory responses, while exploring their therapeutic potential in these diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 4","pages":"191-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha Potentiates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Expression of IL-13 and IL-33 in Mast Cells Under Hypoxia","authors":"Norika Chiba,&nbsp;Tomokazu Ohnishi,&nbsp;Tetsuya Matsuguchi","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13202","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13202","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an exacerbating factor for allergic airway inflammation at least partly due to the activation of mast cells (MCs). LPS stimulates MCs to express both pro-inflammatory and type 2 cytokines, among which interleukin (IL)-13 is essential for the generation of allergic diseases. LPS also induces the expression of “alarmins” such as IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) from various cell types including epithelial cells, and increased serum IL-33 levels were reported to correlate with disease severity of asthma. MCs reside in peripheral tissues where the oxygen concentration is significantly lower than that in the air and further decreased by inflammation and bronchoconstriction in asthma. However, the effects of hypoxia on LPS-induced cytokine expression in MCs have not been fully elucidated. Here we show that LPS induces <i>Il4</i>, <i>Il6</i>, <i>Il13</i>, <i>Il33</i>, <i>Tnf</i>, and <i>Tslp</i> mRNAs in MCs. Notably, hypoxia robustly enhanced expressions of <i>Il13</i> and <i>Il33</i>, but not the other cytokines in LPS-stimulated MCs. We also found that this promotive effect is dependent on the presence of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α protein. Our study will provide new insight on the role of MCs in the LPS-associated pathogenesis of allergic diseases.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 4","pages":"247-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological Evidence of Cetacean Morbillivirus Infection in Common Bottlenose Dolphins in Japan","authors":"Kaede Tashiro,&nbsp;Takao Segawa,&nbsp;Kiyotaka Konishi,&nbsp;Fumio Seki,&nbsp;Hiroshi Katoh,&nbsp;Toshiaki Ishibashi,&nbsp;Makoto Takeda,&nbsp;Takuya Itou","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13207","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study revealed that 41.9% of wild-born Japanese captive dolphins (18 out of 43 dolphins) have neutralizing antibodies specific to cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV). This finding indicates a widespread yet undetected CeMV infection among wild dolphins in the waters around Japan, occurring without notable epidemic or mass mortality of dolphins.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":"69 5","pages":"307-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}