{"title":"Interferon inducible guanylate-binding protein 1 modulates the lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokines/chemokines and mitogen-activated protein kinases in macrophages","authors":"Ravindra Kumar, Pramod Kumar Kushawaha","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13123","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are a family of interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPases and play a pivotal role in the host immune response to microbial infections. These are upregulated in immune cells after recognizing the lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the major membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, the expression pattern of GBP1–7 was initially mapped in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-differentiated human monocytes THP-1 and mouse macrophages RAW 264.7 cell lines stimulated with LPS. A time-dependent significant expression of GBP1–7 was observed in these cells. Moreover, among the various GBPs, GBP1 has emerged as a central player in regulating innate immunity and inflammation. Therefore, to study the specific role of GBP1 in LPS-induced inflammation, knockdown of the Gbp1 gene was carried out in both cells using small interfering RNA interference. Altered levels of different cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-10, IL-12β, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase, histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, protein kinase R, and chemokines (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 [CXCL9], CXCL10, and CXCL11) in GBP1 knockdown cells were reported compared to control cells. Interestingly, the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) transcription factor levels were considerably induced in knockdown cells compared to the control cells. However, no change in the level of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kB, c-Jun, and p38 transcription factors was observed in GBP1 knockdown cells compared to the control cells. This study concludes that GBP1 may alter the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and effector molecules mediated by MAP kinases and STAT1 transcription factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140094377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuhin Das, Shuhong Luo, Hao Tang, Jianmin Fang, Yinging Mao, Haw-Han Yen, Sabyasachi Dash, Asif Shajahan, Lauren Pepi, Steven Huang, Valerie S. Jones, Shehuo Xie, Gordon F. Huang, Jinqiao Lu, Blake Anderson, Benyue Zhang, Parastoo Azadi, Ruo-Pan Huang
{"title":"N-glycosylation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at Asn331 and Asn343 is involved in spike-ACE2 binding, virus entry, and regulation of IL-6","authors":"Tuhin Das, Shuhong Luo, Hao Tang, Jianmin Fang, Yinging Mao, Haw-Han Yen, Sabyasachi Dash, Asif Shajahan, Lauren Pepi, Steven Huang, Valerie S. Jones, Shehuo Xie, Gordon F. Huang, Jinqiao Lu, Blake Anderson, Benyue Zhang, Parastoo Azadi, Ruo-Pan Huang","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13121","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing global public health crisis. The causative agent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus, enters host cells via molecular interactions between the viral spike protein and the host cell ACE2 surface protein. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is extensively decorated with up to 66 N-linked glycans. Glycosylation of viral proteins is known to function in immune evasion strategies but may also function in the molecular events of viral entry into host cells. Here, we show that N-glycosylation at Asn331 and Asn343 of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is required for it to bind to ACE2 and for the entry of pseudovirus harboring the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein into cells. Interestingly, high-content glycan binding screening data have shown that N-glycosylation of Asn331 and Asn343 of the RBD is important for binding to the specific glycan molecule G4GN (Galβ−1,4 GlcNAc), which is critical for spike-RBD-ACE2 binding. Furthermore, IL-6 was identified through antibody array analysis of conditioned media of the corresponding pseudovirus assay. Mutation of N-glycosylation of Asn331 and Asn343 sites of the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) significantly reduced the transcriptional upregulation of pro-inflammatory signaling molecule IL-6. In addition, IL-6 levels correlated with spike protein levels in COVID-19 patients' serum. These findings establish the importance of RBD glycosylation in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, which can be exploited for the development of novel therapeutics for COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140039857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishment of COS-BK cells persistently infected with archetype BK polyomavirus","authors":"Souichi Nukuzuma, Hiroshi Onogi, Tetsuro Suzuki","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13124","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) was the first human polyomavirus to be isolated from an immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipient in 1971. BKPyV reactivation causes BKPyV-associated nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis. However, the mechanisms underlying BKPyV replication remain unclear. In the present study, we performed the long-term cultivation of COS-7 cells transfected with archetype KOM-5 DNA, which were designated as COS-BK cells. BKPyV derived from COS-BK cells was characterized by analyzing the amount of the virus based on hemagglutination, viral replication, and the production of viral protein 1 (VP1). Immunostaining showed that VP1-positive cells accounted for a small percentage of COS-BK cells. The nucleotide sequences encompassing the origin of the DNA replication of BKPyV derived from COS-BK cells were generated from KOM-5 by the deletion of an 8-bp sequence, which did not involve T antigen binding sites. BKPyV replicated most efficiently in COS-BK cells in DMEM containing 2% fetal bovine serum. These results indicate that COS-BK cells are a suitable culture system for studying the persistent infection of archetype BKPyV.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid quantitative detection system for measles virus-neutralizing antibodies using HiBiT-tagged virus-like particles","authors":"Takashi Okura, Kei Miyakawa, Maino Tahara, Kenji Someya, Fumio Seki, Mayuko Nishi, Noriyuki Otsuki, Akihide Ryo","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13122","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Immunological testing to detect neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) is important in measles (MV) infection control. Currently, the plaque reduction neutralization test is the only credible method for measuring actual virus NAbs; however, its feasibility is hampered by drawbacks, such as long turnaround times, low throughput, and the need for laboratory biosafety equipment. To solve these problems, we developed a simple and rapid MV-NAb detection system using lentivirus-based virus-like particles incorporated with the NanoLuc fragment peptide HiBiT comprising the MV fusion protein and hemagglutinin on their exterior surface. Overall, this simple, safe, and rapid method could be used to detect MV NAbs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MYBBP1A is required for efficient replication and gene expression of herpes simplex virus 1","authors":"Moeka Nobe, Yuhei Maruzuru, Kosuke Takeshima, Naoto Koyanagi, Akihisa Kato, Yasushi Kawaguchi","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13120","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>More than 100 different herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) genes belong to three major classes, and their expression is coordinately regulated and sequentially ordered in a cascade. This complex HSV-1 gene expression is thought to be regulated by various viral and host cellular proteins. A host cellular protein, Myb-binding protein 1A (MYBBP1A), has been reported to be associated with HSV-1 viral genomes in conjunction with viral and cellular proteins critical for DNA replication, repair, and transcription within infected cells. However, the role(s) of MYBBP1A in HSV-1 infections remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of MYBBP1A depletion on HSV-1 infection and found that MYBBP1A depletion significantly reduced HSV-1 replication, as well as the accumulation of several viral proteins. These results suggest that MYBBP1A is an important host cellular factor that contributes to HSV-1 replication, plausibly by promoting viral gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139944303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current understanding of Bordetella-induced cough","authors":"Yasuhiko Horiguchi","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13119","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Typical pathogenic bacteria of the genus <i>Bordetella</i> cause respiratory diseases, many of which are characterized by severe coughing in host animals. In human infections with these bacteria, such as whooping cough, coughing imposes a heavy burden on patients. The pathophysiology of this severe coughing had long been uncharacterized because convenient animal models that reproduce <i>Bordetella</i>-induced cough have not been available. However, rat and mouse models were recently shown as useful for understanding, at least partially, the causative factors and the mechanism of <i>Bordetella</i>-induced cough. Many types of coughs are induced under various physiological conditions, and the neurophysiological pathways of coughing are considered to vary among animal species, including humans. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms of the coughs in different animal species have not been entirely understood, and, accordingly, the current understanding of <i>Bordetella</i>-induced cough is still incomplete. Nevertheless, recent research findings may open the way for the development of prophylaxis and therapeutic measures against <i>Bordetella</i>-induced cough.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139692353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Issue Information – Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1348-0421.13118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Cover photograph</b>: Distribution of predicted RpoN-regulated genes. The biological functions of 678 the genes were classified according to the database of COGs. <i>Microbiol Immunol: 68:36-46</i>. Article link here\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1348-0421.13118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139695469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lipoprotein signal peptidase-deficient Streptococcus pneumoniae exhibits impaired Toll-like receptor 2-stimulatory activity","authors":"Hisanori Domon, Satoru Hirayama, Toshihito Isono, Rui Saito, Katsunori Yanagihara, Yutaka Terao","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13117","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> is a causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia. Upon pneumococcal infection, innate immune cells recognize pneumococcal lipoproteins via Toll-like receptor 2 and induce inflammation. Here, we generated a strain of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> deficient in lipoprotein signal peptidase (LspA), a transmembrane type II signal peptidase required for lipoprotein maturation, to investigate the host immune response against this strain. Triton X-114 phase separation revealed that lipoprotein expression was lower in the LspA-deficient strain than in the wild-type strain. Additionally, the LspA-deficient strain decreased nuclear factor-κB activation and cytokine production in THP-1 cells, indicating impaired innate immune response against the strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic engineering employing MPB70 and its promoter enables efficient secretion and expression of foreign antigen in bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) Tokyo","authors":"Atsuki Takeishi, Amina K. Shaban, Taichi Kakihana, Hayato Takihara, Shujiro Okuda, Hidekazu Osada, Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitria Dewi, Yuriko Ozeki, Yutaka Yoshida, Akihito Nishiyama, Yoshitaka Tateishi, Yuki Aizu, Yasushi Chuma, Kazuyo Onishi, Daisuke Hayashi, Saburo Yamamoto, Tetsu Mukai, Manabu Ato, Duong Huu Thai, Huynh Thi Thao Nhi, Tsuyoshi Shirai, Satoshi Shibata, Fumiko Obata, Jun Fujii, Seiya Yamayoshi, Maki Kiso, Sohkichi Matsumoto","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13116","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13116","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vaccination is an important factor in public health. The recombinant bacillus Calmette Guérin (rBCG) vaccine, which expresses foreign antigens, is expected to be a superior vaccine against infectious diseases. Here, we report a new recombination platform in which the BCG Tokyo strain is transformed with nucleotide sequences encoding foreign protein fused with the MPB70 immunogenic protein precursor. By RNA-sequencing, <i>mpb70</i> was found to be the most transcribed among all known genes of BCG Tokyo. Small oligopeptide, namely, polyhistidine tag, was able to be expressed in and secreted from rBCG through a process in which polyhistidine tag fused with intact MPB70 were transcribed by an <i>mpb70</i> promoter. This methodology was applied to develop an rBCG expressing the receptor binding domain (RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Immunoblotting images and mass spectrometry data showed that RBD was also secreted from rBCG. Sera from mice vaccinated with the rBCG showed a tendency of weak neutralizing capacity. The secretion was retained even after a freeze-drying process. The freeze-dried rBCG was administered to and recovered from mice. Recovered rBCG kept secreting RBD. Collectively, our recombination platform offers stable secretion of foreign antigens and can be applied to the development of practical rBCGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolation and whole-genome sequencing analysis of Escherichia fergusonii harboring a heat-labile enterotoxin gene from retail chicken meat in Okinawa, Japan","authors":"Tetsuya Kakita, Kenichi Lee, Masatomo Morita, Miki Okuno, Hisako Kyan, Sho Okano, Noriyuki Maeshiro, Momoko Ishizu, Tsuyoshi Kudeken, Haruno Taira, Morimi Teruya, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Yukihiro Akeda, Makoto Ohnishi","doi":"10.1111/1348-0421.13115","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1348-0421.13115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to reveal the prevalence of heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) gene-positive <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> in retail chicken meat and genetically characterize these strains. <i>E. fergusonii</i> harboring LT gene was isolated from 6 out of 60 (10%) retail chicken samples in Okinawa, Japan. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that LT gene-positive <i>E. fergusonii</i> from chicken meat and feces contain an IncFII plasmid harboring <i>elt1AB</i>, and suggested to spread clonally to retail chicken through fecal contamination. Additionally, it was found that these strains harbor multidrug-resistant genes on their plasmids. Their pathogenicity and continuous monitoring are required for confirmation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18679,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}