Microbial pathogenesis最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of the WC1+ γδ T lymphocyte population after experimental intramammary infection of dairy cows with two Staphylococcus aureus strains with distinct adaptation genotypes","authors":"Carolina Engler ,&nbsp;Valeria L. Simonutti ,&nbsp;Ileana G. Battaglia ,&nbsp;Silvana I. Pirola ,&nbsp;Camila Beccaria ,&nbsp;Paula Silvestrini ,&nbsp;Luis F. Calvinho ,&nbsp;Bibiana E. Dallard ,&nbsp;Celina Baravalle ,&nbsp;María S. Renna","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to characterize the WC1⁺ γδ T lymphocyte population in an experimental intramammary infection (IMI) model using two <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> strains differing in their ability to adapt to the mammary gland (MG). Two isolates (806 and 5011) from bovine IMIs with different genotypic and phenotypic profiles were selected. Strain 806 was associated with low adaptation to the MG (non-persistent-NP), whereas strain 5011 exhibited high adaptation (persistent-P). Three groups of clinically healthy cows (n = 4 per group) were inoculated intramammarily with strain 806 (NP), strain 5011 (P) and pyrogen-free saline solution. Strain 806 (NP) induced an early and robust inflammatory response, evidenced by alterations in circulating γδ T lymphocytes populations expressing activation (CD25⁺) and antigen-presenting cell markers (CD80⁺ and MHCII⁺), an increase in γδ T lymphocytes in milk, and elevated local IL-17 and IFN-γ levels. In contrast, strain 5011 (P) displayed an enhanced ability to evade these immune mechanisms, favoring the establishment of chronic infection. In this latter case, only changes in circulating CD86⁺ γδ T lymphocytes were detected, together with an increase in γδ T lymphocytes in milk and comparatively lower levels of IL-17 and IFN-γ. These findings demonstrate that γδ T lymphocytes contribute to <em>S. aureus</em> IMI by migrating to the MG, acting as antigen-presenting cells, and promoting the production of IL-17 and IFN-γ, cytokines that play a pivotal role in the immune response against this pathogen. The genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of <em>S. aureus</em> strains influenced the behavior of the γδ T lymphocyte population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108263"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-directed insights into mycobacterial infections: Toward targeted immunomodulation","authors":"Arjun M. Menon ,&nbsp;Abhinand Kuniyil ,&nbsp;Shwetha Susan Thomas ,&nbsp;S. Salini ,&nbsp;Lekshmi K. Edison ,&nbsp;P.C. Parvathi Mohanan ,&nbsp;K.B. Arun ,&nbsp;Pradeesh Babu ,&nbsp;Geetha B. Kumar ,&nbsp;Bipin G. Nair ,&nbsp;Aravind Madhavan","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis,</em> the etiological agent of tuberculosis, is a significant worldwide health threat, especially in resource-limited environments. This review emphasizes that manipulating host metabolic and epigenetic pathways can bolster immune defences and potentially shorten the duration of tuberculosis treatment. The growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB and the protracted nature of standard treatments underscore the urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Host-directed treatment has arisen as a promising approach that aims to enhance or redirect the host's innate and adaptive responses rather than targeting the pathogen directly. This strategy focuses on counteracting <em>M. tuberculosis</em>-induced subversion of immune and cellular processes. Approaches under investigation include modulation of host metabolic pathways, stimulation of autophagy, epigenetic reprogramming, and strengthening of immune defense mechanisms to control or eliminate infection. These interventions hold potential for not only overcoming traditional drug resistance but also for accelerating recovery and reducing immunopathology. In this review, we explore recent advances in host-directed therapy research, with particular emphasis on mechanisms involving immunometabolic regulation, epigenetic remodeling, and enhancement of intercellular antimicrobial responses. The advancement of these methodologies may facilitate the creation of more accurate and efficacious tuberculosis treatments. We highlight recent work on three linked areas-immunometabolic regulation, epigenetic control, and autophagy driven antimicrobial activity drawing out the main advances and remaining debates that guide future host-directed approaches. Viewing host-directed therapy through this integrated lens outline a path toward more targeted, durable, and resistance-resilient interventions for tuberculosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic interaction between tuberculosis and depression: Changes in miRNA expression","authors":"Kevser Elçi ,&nbsp;Necmiye Canacankatan ,&nbsp;Cem Yalaza ,&nbsp;Mukadder Çalıkoğlu ,&nbsp;Semra Erdoğan ,&nbsp;Gönül Aslan","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Depression in TB patients results in non-adherence to anti-TB treatment, prolonged infectiousness, drug resistance and constitutes a significant obstacle to the elimination of TB. Understanding and addressing the social and biological complexities of TB is critical to controlling TB. In this study, the expression levels of miR-128–3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-223–3p, miR-221–3p, miR-24–3p, miR-107, miR-134–5p, miR-135a and miR-1202 which are associated with Depression (DP) pathology, were investigated in active Tuberculosis (TB), patients in order to evaluate the synergy between TB and DP.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study was carried out with 2 groups: TB Patient Group and Control Group. Expression levels of miRNAs were detected by Real-Time PCR method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was determined that miR-128–3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-223–3p, miR-221–3p, miR-24–3p, miR-107, miR-134–5p and miR-135a expression levels in the TB Patient Group showed a statistically significant increase compared to the Control Group (p &lt; 0.05). There was no difference between the groups in miR-1202 levels (p = 0.169).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The fact that miR-128–3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-223–3p, miR-221–3p and miR-24–3p, whose expressions were detected to increase in DP patients in previous studies, were also found to be increased in TB patients in this study, suggests that the miRNAs mentioned may be effective in the synergy between TB and DP. In addition, miR-24–3p, miR-107, miR-134–5p and miR-135a, whose expression was increased in TB patients in this study, can be considered as new biomarker candidates for TB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with mass mortality events in juvenile Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Liying Zhou ,&nbsp;Qian Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Dexia Miao ,&nbsp;Xiaojian Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> is a globally distributed marine pathogen that causes serious disease in diverse aquatic species. In this study, a pathogenic strain isolated from diseased juvenile Chinese mitten crabs (<em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>) was identified as <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> through physiological, biochemical characteristics and PCR-based molecular analysis. The strain exhibited a LD₅₀ of 3.12 × 10⁶ CFU/mL in challenge assays. Histopathological examination revealed gill filament adhesion with swelling and inflammatory infiltration in infected crabs. The hepatopancreatic tubules exhibited luminal deformation and basement membrane disruption. PCR analysis confirmed that the isolate harbored the virulence genes <em>tlh</em>, <em>toxR</em>, <em>VP1686</em>, and <em>VP1670</em>. Furthermore, plate-based assays also demonstrated its production of protease, lecithinase, amylase, and gelatinase. To elucidate the host immune response in <em>E. sinensis</em>, expression levels of <em>LecA</em>, <em>LecB</em>, <em>LecG</em>, <em>lectin</em>, <em>proPO</em>, and <em>ALF</em> were quantified in gill and hepatopancreatic tissues. All genes except <em>lectin</em> were significantly upregulated in gills and hepatopancreatic tissues. These findings established <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> as the causative pathogen of mass mortality in farmed juvenile crabs and characterized the corresponding host immune response, providing a foundation for developing disease control strategies in <em>E. sinensis</em> aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiR-330-3p promotes T cell ferroptosis and IFN-γ production via targeting NAT10 in neurosyphilis","authors":"Juan Wu ,&nbsp;Mei Shi ,&nbsp;Lin Zhu,&nbsp;Xin Zheng,&nbsp;Chunjie Liao,&nbsp;Rui-Rui Peng,&nbsp;Fu-Quan Long","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs, particularly miR-330-3p, are fundamentally involved in many infectious diseases and the host's response to pathogen attacks, with previous studies noting increased miR-330-3p levels in neurosyphilis patients' PBMCs compared to healthy controls. The detailed biological functions and mechanisms of miR-330-3p in neurosyphilis, however, remain poorly defined. Our research confirms elevated miR-330-3p expression in CD4⁺ T cells of neurosyphilis patients, correlating significantly with T cell ferroptosis. Using bioinformatic predictions and <em>in vitro</em> cell experiments, including gene overexpression, silencing, and ac4C dot plot, in human Jurkat-E6-1 and primary CD4⁺ T cell, we have shown that miR-330-3p binds to the 3′UTR of NAT10 mRNA, overexpression of miR-330-3p could significantly suppress NAT10 expression, which in turn leads to decreased acetylation of <em>GPX4</em> mRNA and increased T cell ferroptosis due to reduced glutathione peroxidase activity. Overexpression of NAT10 or activation of GPX4 Glutathione Peroxidase activity could obviously reverse the elevated T cell ferroptosis induced by miR-330-3p overexpression. Additionally, our findings demonstrate that miR-330-3p enhances IFN-γ production in a NAT10-independent manner. These results unveil a novel mechanism through which miR-330-3p promotes T cell ferroptosis and IFN-γ production in neurosyphilis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145735214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathobionts in the microbiome: Drivers of disease and targets for treatment","authors":"Selvaraj Bharathi ,&nbsp;Yolin Angel P.A. Soundara Rajan ,&nbsp;Santhiyagu Prakash ,&nbsp;Grasian Immanuel ,&nbsp;Ramasamy Ramasubburayan","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pathobionts are commensal inhabitants of the human microbiome that can transition to a pathogenic state under specific genetic or environmental conditions. They have recently gained attention for their impact on various clinical conditions. This review discusses the key factors behind pathobiont emergence, including microbial dysbiosis, antibiotic use, dietary influences, immune dysfunction and host genetics. It provides a comprehensive overview of pathobionts associated with the gut, oral cavity, and vaginal microbiomes highlighting their roles in disease pathogenesis. A significant focus is also placed on the involvement of pathobiont in immune-related disorders. Furthermore, current and advanced therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating the effects of pathobionts, such as faecal microbiota transplantation, phage therapy, probiotics and prebiotics, along with their advantages and limitations, were highlighted. Thus, the integrated perspective combining microbial ecology, host immunity, and therapeutic strategies outlines the need for targeted, microbiome-based interventions to address the complex behaviour of pathobionts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145857169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanopore sequencing revealed unique nasopharyngeal microbial communities associated with different SARS-CoV-2 variants","authors":"Isnaini Zakiyyah Asyifa ,&nbsp;Zahra Noviana ,&nbsp;Alvira Rifdah Sativa ,&nbsp;Muhammad Mumtaz Adzdzakiy ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ridha Al Fiqri ,&nbsp;Azzania Fibriani ,&nbsp;Anik Budhi Dharmayanthi ,&nbsp;Syam Budi Iryanto ,&nbsp;Herjuno Ari Nugroho ,&nbsp;Andi Yasmon ,&nbsp;Sugiyono Saputra ,&nbsp;Anggia Prasetyoputri","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>New variants arising from mutations within the SARS-CoV-2 genome could subsequently lead to increased mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 patients. Microbiota within the human respiratory tract is part of the immune system that can provide protection from infection, including from SARS-CoV-2. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of various SARS-CoV-2 variants can interfere with the homeostasis of microbial community in the respiratory tract. It is therefore imperative to study the bacterial community profile within the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients having different SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this study, we identified SARS-CoV-2 variants using whole genome sequencing of naso/oropharyngeal swabs of confirmed COVID-19 patients with Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), followed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to assess the bacterial community diversity. Sequencing of 23 selected isolates yielded six SARS-CoV-2 variants, with the majority being B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.1.7 (Alpha), and B.1.466.2 (Indonesian). Bacterial community of samples identified as having the Alpha and Delta variants was dominated by <em>Streptococcus</em>, <em>Prevotella. Corynebacterium,</em> and <em>Veillonella</em>, whereas within the Indonesian variant samples <em>Staphylococcus</em>, <em>Salmonella, Enterococcus,</em> and <em>Corynebacterium</em> were predominant. Overall, the bacterial community found in the naso/oropharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients has a significant degree of diversity between different SARS-CoV-2 variants, with <em>Prevotella</em> being the overall predominant genus detected (16.2 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmatic biochemical changes in COVID-19: Relevant markers that reflect patient genotypic predisposal","authors":"Jeferson S. Ursulino ,&nbsp;Eloiza L.L. Tanabe ,&nbsp;Aldilane L.X. Marques ,&nbsp;Elaine C.O. da Silva ,&nbsp;Juliana G.C. Leal ,&nbsp;Larissa S. Pinto ,&nbsp;Edmilson R.R. Júnior ,&nbsp;Luana K.C. Santos ,&nbsp;Carolinne Sales-Marques ,&nbsp;Jorg A.P.M. Coelho ,&nbsp;Marcos V.S. Sales ,&nbsp;Eduardo J.S. Fonseca ,&nbsp;Thiago S. Fragoso ,&nbsp;Emiliano O. Barreto ,&nbsp;Alexandre U. Borbely ,&nbsp;Ana C.R. Leite ,&nbsp;Thiago M. Aquino","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The emergence of COVID-19 as a global health threat, particularly exacerbated in pre-existing chronic conditions, underscores the imperative for continuous exploration of biomarkers to enhance clinical management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study employs multidimensional techniques, analyzing COVID-19 and control blood samples through plasma NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and leukocyte SNP genotyping.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NMR metabolomics identifies heightened levels of L-lactic acid, D-glucose, VLDL/LDL, L-glutamic acid, and 1-methyl-histidine in COVID-19, alongside reduced levels of L-alanine and L-histidine. ROC curves exhibit robust discriminatory power, affirming the model's efficacy in distinguishing COVID-19 from control samples. Raman spectroscopy unveils bands associated with molecular vibrations of amino acids, lipids, and carotenoids in COVID-19. SNP genotyping reveals the rs2070788-TMPRSS2 association with elevated COVID-19 risk and rs8259-CD147 association with protective effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings provides a comprehensive investigation of acute COVID-19, highlighting novel biomarkers, particularly the correlation between 1-methyl-histidine levels and the TMPRSS2 GG + AG genotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145687705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture treatment May improve the bone metabolism and pathological ossification by regulating the gut microbiota of AS mice","authors":"Yufang Lin ,&nbsp;Xuechao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the effects of acupuncture on osteogenic signaling and gut microbiota in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>AS mice were treated with drug (oral sulfasalazine) or acupuncture (Du Mai meridian and Jia Ji acupoints). After one month of treatment, pathological alterations in the Achilles tendon tissue were observed. Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone gla protein (BGP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), expressions of microRNA-21 (miR-21), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and SMAD Family Member 1 (Smad1) in the Achilles tendon tissue, as well as ALP, BGP, Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and Wnt Family Member 5a (Wnt5a) levels, were measured. Further, 16S Ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing technology was used to analyze changes in the gut microbiota.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After drug and acupuncture treatments, pathological scores were reduced. Both drug and acupuncture treatments downregulated ALP, although only the drug treatment led to a reduction in BGP. Moreover, the mRNA levels of miR-21, BMP-2, and Smad1, along with the protein levels of ALP, BGP, and Wnt5a in the drug and acupuncture groups, showed varying degrees of reduction, while DKK1 level was increased. The results of the analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology revealed that bacterial richness was significantly increased in both treatment groups compared to AS model mice (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with a more pronounced elevation observed in the acupuncture group than in the drug group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acupuncture may alleviate AS by modulating osteogenic pathways and gut microbiota, thus reducing inflammation and pathological ossification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome analysis reveals the adverse effects of diarrhea on the gut microbiota of yaks","authors":"Dongjing Wang,&nbsp;Jiangyong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diarrhea exhibits a extremely high prevalence among yak calves, significantly affecting the development of the yak industry and resulting in substantial economic losses. Gut microbiota has been demonstrated to be closely related to various diseases, particularly gastrointestinal disorders. However, to date, no studies have specifically explored the relationship between diarrhea in yak calves and gut microbiota. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the alterations of gut microbiota in yak calves during diarrhea. Results indicated that the diversity and abundance of the gut bacterial community in diarrheic yak calves were significantly reduced. In contrast, the gut fungal community remains relatively stable during diarrhea, with no significant changes observed in its diversity and abundance. Although diarrhea does not affect the composition of the dominant phyla of intestinal bacteria and fungi, the abundance of some microbial taxa has experienced significant changes. Specifically, diarrhea resulted in a marked increase in 2 phyla and 14 genera, while a significant decrease was observed in 5 phyla and 137 genera in gut bacterial community. Additionally, 30 genera in the gut fungal community exhibited significant increases, whereas 12 genera demonstrated significant decreases during diarrhea. Notably, we also identified significant alterations in intestinal function during diarrhea, including cytoskeleton and carbohydrate transport, etc. Taken together, this research indicated that diarrhea significantly affects the gut microbiota in yak calves, with more pronounced changes observed in the gut bacterial community. Furthermore, this research also represents a crucial exploration of the composition and alterations of gut microbiota in diarrheic yak calves, which will help prevent and control diarrhea in yaks inhabiting high-altitude regions and promote the development of the yak industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 108218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}