Microbial pathogenesis最新文献

{"title":"A hamster model of Jarisch-Herxheimer-like reaction in experimental leptospirosis associated with IL-6 upregulation and enhanced macrophage phagocytosis.","authors":"Hiroshi Mori, Satoshi Miyahara, Mitsumasa Saito","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) is an acute inflammatory response that can occur after antimicrobial treatment of spirochetal infections, and it can lead to organ dysfunction. However, no established animal model exists for investigating its pathophysiology. In this study, female golden Syrian hamsters were experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans and treated with aminobenzylpenicillin (ABPC) to evaluate antibiotic-associated physiological and immunological changes. Vital signs were monitored under anesthesia, and a JHR-like reaction (JHR-LR) was operationally defined as a marked change in heart rate occurring exclusively after antimicrobial administration. Bacterial burden, cytokine expression, and histopathological findings were analyzed. In vitro macrophage stimulation assays were also performed. Transient tachycardia was observed in a subset of infected hamsters following ABPC administration, most frequently at 5 days post-infection. This response was accompanied by increased IL-6 and IP-10/CXCL10 mRNA expression in the blood and enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of leptospires in the liver and spleen. In vitro, antibiotic-killed leptospires induced significantly higher IL-6 production in macrophages than live bacteria. Importantly, despite comparable bacterial burdens, marked JHR-LR occurs predominantly in animals with preserved body weight, suggesting that host physiological conditions rather than bacterial load alone influence the development of this reaction. These findings provide preliminary evidence that hamsters may develop antibiotic-associated inflammatory responses resembling JHR and support the utility of this model for future mechanistic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Raw Bovine Milk in Haryana, India: Resistance Determinants, Virulence Factors and Dissemination Potential.","authors":"Mansi Sahu, Namita Narwal, Ravikant Vinayakrao Vinchurkar, Soumya Sangam, Jaichandru Srinivasan, Kavitha Parachalil, Raghu Hirikyathanahalli Vishweswaraiah, Diwas Pradhan","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This present study investigated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw bovine milk collected from unorganized dairy farms in Haryana, India. A total 121 S. aureus strains from 153 raw milk samples were confirmed by PCR targeting the nuc gene and further screened for antimicrobial susceptibility. These isolates exhibited the predominant resistance against oxacillin (80.16%) followed by cefoxitin (60.33%), with lower resistance to tetracycline (14.04%) and gentamicin (3.30%). Among these resistant isolates, 40.5% were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR), while 66.7% exhibited a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index >0.2. The MIC testing demonstrated that 75.9% of isolates were vancomycin resistant (MIC ≥16 μg/mL). Further, Genotypic characterization identified methicillin resistance genes, with mecA detected in 89.2% and mecC in 10.8% of S. aureus isolates. Similarly, resistant determinants were found at high frequencies in isolates such as tetracycline resistance genes (tetM, 76.5%; tetK, 23.5%), macrolide resistance genes (ermC, 62.5%; ermB, 37.5%) while ermA was absent. The aminoglycoside resistance gene aacA-aphD was detected in 5.8% of isolates. Additionally, S. aureus isolates showed presence of virulence determinants such as coa (72.7%), luk-PV (15.7%), icaA/icaD (42.1%) and enterotoxin genes sec (39.6%), sed (34.7%) and sea (5.8%) while seb was not deteceted. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), notably Tn916 was detected in 66.7%, class 1 integrons in 41.7% isolates and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Overall, these findings highlight a high prevalence of AMR, virulence-associated genes and transmissible resistance elements in dairy-derived S. aureus, emphasizing the need for continuous surveillance and strengthened One Health strategies to limit the spread of resistant and potentially pathogenic strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Identification, and Biological Characteristics of Mannheimia haemolytica from Goats.","authors":"Wei Zhao, Xue Jin, Ningning Guan, Deliang Kong, Keli Yang, Yao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid expansion of the meat goat farming industry in China and intensified interregional movement of goats, respiratory diseases have become increasingly prevalent across domestic goat farms-particularly under suboptimal husbandry conditions-posing a significant challenge to effective disease prevention and control. Mannheimia haemolytica, a primary bacterial pathogen implicated in caprine respiratory disease, exhibits marked geographic variation in key phenotypic and genotypic traits, including serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles. To address this critical animal health concern, Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated from clinical specimens collected from multiple commercial goat farms in Jingmen City, Hubei Province, and performed an integrated phenotypic and genomic characterization, including Gram staining, biochemical identification, molecular biological identification, virulence gene identification, genetic and evolutionary analysis, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pathogenicity assays, whole-genome sequencing, and qPCR detection. Our analysis identified a Mannheimia haemolytica strain belonging to serotype A2. Whole-genome analysis confirmed the presence of six core virulence-associated genes: LKT-C, gs60, fbpA, SodA, gapA, and dnaA. The isolated strain displayed a defined antimicrobial resistance profile and induced significant dysregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in infected murine lung tissue, thereby revealing mechanistic insights into its pathogenicity. Collectively, this study delivers a rigorously characterized reference isolate of caprine-derived Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A2, advances knowledge of its genomic landscape, virulence repertoire, and host-pathogen interplay, and provides a foundational evidence base to inform targeted, science-driven interventions against respiratory disease in goat production.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics characterization of putative VSP-like surface antigens reveals a dynamic antigenic repertoire in Philasterides dicentrarchi.","authors":"P Gulias, I Folgueira, J Lamas, R Sueiro, V Blanco-Abad, A Cés, J M Leiro","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scuticociliatosis, caused by the parasitic ciliate Philasterides dicentrarchi, is one of the most important infectious diseases affecting turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) aquaculture. Despite the critical role of parasite surface antigens in host-parasite interactions, their molecular diversity and expression dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we applied an integrated multi-omics approach combining genome mining, transcriptomics, structural annotation, phylogenetic analysis, proteomics and immunological assays to identify and characterize a repertoire of putative variant surface protein-like (VSP-like) antigens in P. dicentrarchi. Throughout this study, the term VSP-like is used as a descriptive designation for cysteine-rich surface proteins sharing structural characteristics with both Giardia variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) and ciliate immobilization antigens (i-antigens), without implying functional or evolutionary equivalence with either protein family. Genome and transcriptome analyses identified a diverse repertoire of cysteine-rich surface proteins displaying predicted N-terminal signal peptides, cysteine-rich extracellular domains and C-terminal membrane-associated regions compatible with glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring. Phylogenetic reconstruction resolved these proteins into several distinct clades, whereas LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the expression of multiple VSP-like families in trophozoites. Integration of structural, phylogenetic and proteomic data with B-cell epitope prediction enabled the rational prioritization of putative candidate vaccine antigens for future experimental evaluation. Comparative analyses further revealed dynamic modulation of the VSP-like-associated antigenic profile during successive parasite passages. RT-qPCR demonstrated differential VSP2 transcript abundance between early and late infective passages, whereas ELISA and two-dimensional immunoblot analyses revealed marked differences in anti-rVSP2 antigen recognition among parasite populations. Moreover, sequencing of cloned transcripts and exposure of trophozoites to immune turbot serum revealed shifts in the expressed antigenic repertoire, suggesting that host immune factors may contribute to modulation of VSP-like expression. Together, these findings provide the first comprehensive molecular characterization of a repertoire of putative VSP-like surface antigens in P. dicentrarchi. They reveal a dynamic antigenic repertoire associated with parasite adaptation and host immune interactions, establish a framework for investigating antigenic variation in parasitic scuticociliates, and provide a rational basis for the future experimental evaluation of vaccine antigens against scuticociliatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential probiotic application of a novel commensal E. coli strain with antagonistic activity against different enteric pathogens.","authors":"Prolay Halder, Sanjib Das, Soumalya Banerjee, Arindam Mukherjee, Supriya Mandal, Ashis Debnath, Nivedita Roy, Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay, Debaki Ranjan Howlader, Hemanta Koley","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diarrheal diseases remain a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with treatment options increasingly compromised by the global rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Furthermore, the absence of effective vaccines against many causative agents leaves large populations vulnerable. This critical gap necessitates the development of novel alternatives that can function both prophylactically to prevent infection and therapeutically to treat established disease. Here we investigated the probiotic potential of a commensal Escherichia coli strain HK220822 (HK5) which was isolated from a healthy human, as a potential live biotherapeutic. Comprehensive genomic and phenotypic characterization established a robust safety profile, confirming the absence of key virulence genes while demonstrating essential probiotic traits, including high tolerance to gastrointestinal stressors like acid and bile. The functional efficacy of E. coli (HK5) was validated in murine infection models. Prophylactic administration prior to pathogen exposure significantly inhibited intestinal colonization by Salmonella Typhimurium, Shigella flexneri 2a, and Vibrio cholerae (El Tor O1 strain). Moreover, HK5 demonstrated therapeutic potential, significantly reducing pathogen shedding when administered to previously infected animals. These findings establish this commensal E. coli (HK5) as a potent probiotic candidate with dual preventative and therapeutic efficacy, offering a promising non-antibiotic strategy to combat diarrheal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108818"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host regulatory interactions with Moraxella catarrhalis: emerging hypotheses on microRNA networks, extracellular vesicle RNAs, and phasevarions-mediated epigenetics in respiratory pathogenesis.","authors":"Golnaz Goodarzi, Reza Besharati, Abdollah Kebriaei, Amir Azimian","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Moraxella catarrhalis is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen of the human respiratory tract, historically considered a commensal but now established as a leading cause of otitis media in children and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. While phylogenomic studies have revealed two deeply divergent evolutionary lineages, Sero resistant (SR) and Sero sensitive (SS), with distinct virulence and resistance profiles, the molecular dialogue between this bacterium and its host remains incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review moves beyond traditional virulence factor enumeration to explore emerging frontiers in host-pathogen interaction at the RNA and epigenetic levels. We critically synthesize recent advances in three areas: (i) potential manipulation of host microRNA networks by M. catarrhalis and its extracellular vesicles, (ii) the hypothesized role of bacterial small RNAs in interkingdom communication and immune modulation, and (iii) epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, including phasevarions and DNA methylation, that govern phenotypic heterogeneity and vaccine evasion.</p><p><strong>Proposed framework: </strong>We propose a mechanistic model wherein M. catarrhalis may actively reprogram host gene expression post-transcriptionally and exploit epigenetic phase-variation to evade immunity. However, we emphasize that much of this model remains hypothetical; direct experimental evidence in M. catarrhalis is currently limited. By integrating findings from transcriptomic profiling, extracellular vesicle biology, and epigenetics, we provide a contemporary framework that reframes M. catarrhalis not as a passive opportunist but as a potential active manipulator of host cellular machinery, a hypothesis that requires rigorous testing. We identify critical knowledge gaps, propose mechanistic models for miRNA-mediated pathogenesis, and outline priority areas for therapeutic and preventive intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Prokaryotically expressed IBDV VP2 virus-like particles: Stability and protective efficacy\" [Microb. Pathog. 218 (2026) 108617].","authors":"Jinjin Zhang, Xuegang Zhang, Lihua Li, Yane Jia, Yi Ai, Yingying Du, Guanggang Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108811","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"First report of Thaparocleidus caecus infection in the high-value native Malaysian pangasius catfish Pangasius nasutus\" [Microb. Pathog. 220 (2026) 108799].","authors":"Mohammad Amirul Faiz Zulkiply, Afiq Zuhair Zahrin, Annas Salleh, Nur Diyana Mohamad Tahir, Channarong Rodkhum, Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108814","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tannic acid attenuates Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence and promotes healing of infected cutaneous wounds: phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses.","authors":"Yu Yuan, Ling Yue, Xiaoyu Jin, Huaqiao Tang, Gang Ye, Fei Shi, Cheng Lv, Xun Wang, Ling Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common opportunistic pathogen responsible for skin infections. Tannic acid, a representative hydrolysable tannin, has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and potential applications in wound healing.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize the concentration-dependent antibacterial and anti-virulence effects of TA against P. aeruginosa, identify associated transcriptional responses, and evaluate its therapeutic potential in an infected wound model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High concentrations of tannic acid disrupted the integrity of the P. aeruginosa cell membrane, leading to leakage of intracellular components, and were associated with marked alterations in bacterial protein profiles. At sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs), tannic acid significantly attenuated bacterial virulence by suppressing pyocyanin and rhamnolipid biosynthesis, biofilm formation, proteinase activity, and bacterial motility. TA treatment at 64 μg/mL was associated with transcriptional changes in genes involved in biofilm formation and efflux functions. In a rat wound model infected with P. aeruginosa, tannic acid treatment significantly decreased bacterial burden, attenuated histopathological injury, contained infection progression, and expedited wound closure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study evaluated the antibacterial and anti-virulence effects of tannic acid against P. aeruginosa, characterized associated transcriptional responses using RNA sequencing, and assessed its therapeutic potential in an infected wound model.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ingestion of silymarin as an additive selectively modulates the ruminal and intestinal microbiota in lactating Jersey cows.","authors":"Pablo Vinicius Novakoski, Luisa Nora, Guilherme Luiz Deolindo, Miklos Maximiliano Bajay, Aleksandro Schafer da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silymarin is a flavonolignan complex traditionally used for hepatoprotection, but its interactions with the gastrointestinal microbiota of ruminants remain poorly characterized. This study evaluated the effects of dietary silymarin on ruminal and intestinal microbiota in lactating Jersey cows. Twelve cows were assigned to a crossover design and received either a control diet or the same diet fed with silymarin (5 g/cow/day). Rumen fluid and fecal samples were collected on day 28 of the first experimental period and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, alongside ruminal protozoa enumeration. Silymarin intake did not alter alpha or beta diversity of either ruminal or intestinal microbiota. However, differential abundance analyses revealed selective modulation of specific microbial taxa in both compartments. In the rumen, silymarin reduced the relative abundance of taxa previously associated with denitrification and redox processes, while increasing taxa previously associated with diverse nitrogen metabolic capabilities. These changes were accompanied by a significant reduction in ruminal protozoa counts and an enrichment of predicted functional pathways related to nitrogen metabolism, which may be related to the differences in ruminal fermentation. In the intestinal microbiota, silymarin promoted selective taxonomic shifts without disrupting community structure and was associated with enrichment of predicted functional pathways related to NOD-like receptor signaling, indicating differences in the predicted functional potential of the gut microbiota that may be associated with microbiota-host interactions. Overall, silymarin intake selectively modulated the gastrointestinal microbiota without altering its overall community structure, as indicated by the absence of significant changes in alpha and beta diversity, and was associated with changes in predicted functional pathways. Together, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that silymarin supplementation was associated with selective modulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota and its predicted functional potential, which may be associated with the fermentative and metabolic responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18599,"journal":{"name":"Microbial pathogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"108812"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}