Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration最新文献_第3页

The Value of Drilling—A Chance-Constrained Optimization Approach 钻探的价值--机会约束优化方法

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01061-8

Rick Jeuken, Michael Forbes

{"title":"The Value of Drilling—A Chance-Constrained Optimization Approach","authors":"Rick Jeuken, Michael Forbes","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01061-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01061-8","url":null,"abstract":"Managing uncertainty is a core challenge in mine planning. Mine planners often represent various planning variables, such as equipment performance and geological parameters, as random variables due to inherent uncertainties. This paper looks at geological uncertainty and its impact on mine planning. Some traditional approaches to manage this uncertainty include using conditional simulations or mathematical programming in the planning process. Drilling additional holes, despite its cost, is a common method to reduce uncertainty using additional samples to reduce deposit variance. In this paper, we first outline an ore blending optimization model which uses chance-constrained programming to manage property limit risk when selecting the order of ore feed into a processing facility. In coal mining, in tactical planning horizons, the order of coal seam removal is usually predetermined, allowing a blending model to ensure optimal feed properties. Using chance-constrained programming allows us to blend the uncertainties from geological models to maximize plant output while adhering to property constraints. We use the chance-constrained blending model to determine the value of additional information from infill drilling. The model prioritizes drilling locations that reduce uncertainty and improve blending outcomes. A case study on a coking coal mine in Queensland, Australia, demonstrates the model’s application, highlighting significant improvements in blending by reducing the variance of high-quality blocks. The study concludes that targeting high-quality blocks for variance reduction can better accommodate lower-quality material, offering a more valuable approach than the traditional focus of reducing uncertainty in low-quality blocks. This approach provides insights for improving mine planning strategies and showcases the potential of chance constraints in optimizing ore blending under uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting the Stability of Rock Slopes in the Presence of Diverse Joint Networks and External Factors Using Machine Learning Algorithms 利用机器学习算法预测存在不同连接网络和外部因素的岩石斜坡的稳定性

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01060-9

Sudhir Kumar Singh, Subodh Kumar, Debashish Chakravarty

{"title":"Predicting the Stability of Rock Slopes in the Presence of Diverse Joint Networks and External Factors Using Machine Learning Algorithms","authors":"Sudhir Kumar Singh, Subodh Kumar, Debashish Chakravarty","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01060-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01060-9","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of joints in rocks significantly impacts the mechanical behavior and stability of a slope. A better comprehension of the relationship between jointed rock masses and slope stability has been made possible by recent advances in machine learning algorithms and numerical modelling. The purpose of this research is to predict the stability of slopes in the presence of different types of joints (parallel deterministic, cross jointed, Baecher, Veneziano, and Voronoi) with the help of classification-based machine learning algorithms. In order to achieve this goal, 40,290 different cases have been utilized, following numerical simulation using shear strength reduction (SSR) technique in RS2. Geomechanical properties, parameters defining slope geometry, structural properties of joints including properties of filling materials, and the influence of certain external factors have been considered. For these datasets, classification algorithms such as random forest, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, logistic regression, decision tree, and Naive Bayes have been utilized. Additionally, the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) has been implemented in order to address imbalanced class problems. The results exhibit an encouraging level of accuracy, with random forest and decision tree both achieving 0.98 as an overall accuracy.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Crown Pillar Thickness in the Stress Relaxation Zone Surrounding Sub-Level Open Stopes 优化地下露天止水带周围应力松弛区的冠状柱厚度

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01058-3

Vishal Babu Guggari, Gnananandh Budi

引用次数: 0

Application of Gaussian Process Regression for Bench Blasting Rock Fragmentation Prediction and Optimization at Wolongan Open-Pit Mine 卧龙岗露天矿台阶爆破岩石破碎预测与优化中的高斯过程回归应用

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01050-x

Eric Munene Kinyua, Zhang Jianhua, Gang Huang, Randriamamphionona M. Dinaniaina, Richard M. Kasomo, Sami Ullah

{"title":"Application of Gaussian Process Regression for Bench Blasting Rock Fragmentation Prediction and Optimization at Wolongan Open-Pit Mine","authors":"Eric Munene Kinyua, Zhang Jianhua, Gang Huang, Randriamamphionona M. Dinaniaina, Richard M. Kasomo, Sami Ullah","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01050-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01050-x","url":null,"abstract":"This study developed a Gaussian process regression (GPR) model to predict and optimize blast fragmentation at Wolongan Mine by using the primary data from the mine and secondary data from other mines. The blast data comprised 125 datasets, each containing seven blast design parameters as inputs and the muckpile mean fragment size as the model output. Additionally, the study developed artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector regression (SVR), and multiple linear regression (MLR) models, and compared their prediction performances with the GPR model. The models’ accuracies were evaluated using five statistical metrics, including coefficient of determination (({R}^{2})), root mean square error (RMSE), variance accounted for (VAF), mean absolute bias error (MABE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The GPR model outperformed the other models, with ({R}^{2}), RMSE, VAF, MABE, and MAPE values of 0.9302, 0.0487, 93.2670, 0.0383, and 13.9405, respectively, for the test data. Based on the top-down correlation and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance analyses on the four sensitivity analysis methods used, the study found that the in situ block size and Young’s modulus of the rock were the most important parameters affecting fragmentation. Using the GPR model, the study showed that reducing the blast burden by 13–23% could decrease the mean fragment size of the muckpile at Wolongan Mine by 6–12%, leading to a significant reduction in the percentage of boulders.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incorporating Operational Modes into long-Term Open-Pit Mine Planning Under Geological Uncertainty: An Optimization Combining Variable Neighborhood Descent with Linear Programming 在地质不确定性条件下将运营模式纳入露天矿长期规划：可变邻域后裔与线性规划相结合的优化方法

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01052-9

Aldo Quelopana, Alessandro Navarra

{"title":"Incorporating Operational Modes into long-Term Open-Pit Mine Planning Under Geological Uncertainty: An Optimization Combining Variable Neighborhood Descent with Linear Programming","authors":"Aldo Quelopana, Alessandro Navarra","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01052-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01052-9","url":null,"abstract":"Sophisticated models have progressively been developed to address the challenges related to long-term, open-pit mine planning under conditions of geological uncertainty. Prior research has acknowledged that strategies for mine planning and the design of mineral concentrators are interdependent; thus, it is highly desirable to optimize them together. However, achieving detailed holistic optimization of the entire mineral value chain remains unresolved because of the inherent limitations associated with mathematical formulations and computational processing capacity. This paper details a method that contributes to bridging these limitations by employing a novel parallelized variable neighborhood descent approach combined with an embedded mass–balance component using linear programming techniques refined through Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition. This approach is exemplified through a case study of a gold deposit, which illustrates the enhanced performance capabilities of the new algorithm. The findings demonstrate significant improvements in the optimization process for mine planning, providing a stronger link between the mine’s output and processing plant’s capabilities.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective Leaching and Separation of Uranium from Ochre-Umm Greifat, Red Sea Coast, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt 从埃及中东部沙漠红海沿岸的赭石-Umm Greifat 中选择性沥滤和分离铀

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01019-w

El-Sayed A. Manaa, Soliman Abu Elatta Mahmoud, Elham Awny

{"title":"Selective Leaching and Separation of Uranium from Ochre-Umm Greifat, Red Sea Coast, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt","authors":"El-Sayed A. Manaa, Soliman Abu Elatta Mahmoud, Elham Awny","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01019-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01019-w","url":null,"abstract":"The Ochre-Umm Greifat area is one of the Red Sea areas with high concentrations of iron and zinc, which is formed from hydrothermal solutions as a result of the structural activity that occurred in the Red Sea Zone during the Pleistocene period. These deposits are also accompanied by deposits of low- to high uranium grade. In addition to Zn, Pb, and Cu anomalies, particularly in fault zones and their branches affecting the study area, although there are numerous zinc minerals in the Ocher-Greifat area, uranium minerals are scarce, with only one mineral, compreignacite, being recorded and the majority of the uranium being present as an adsorbed element on iron and/or clay stones. In addition, uranothorite is extremely rare and occurs as fine grains embedded in rocks. A technological sample was taken from an iron-rich clay area in a fault zone and was found to assay 700-ppm uranium. The leachability of uranium from the used sample was investigated using an alkaline solution based on the chemical and mineralogical composition of the used sample. The selected ore is treated with Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 in the presence of H2O2 as oxidant. Many digestion factors are studied and optimized. Under the optimum leaching conditions, the uranium dissolution efficiency is around 84%. For the uranium separation, the pH of the leach liquor is adjusted at 10, then subjected to a solvent extraction step using 4% Aliquat®336/kerosene in the presence of isodecanol as third-phase prevention. The loaded organic solvent was then treated with NaOH/H2O2 solution as a stripping solution. Finally, the resultant solution is subjected to a precipitation step using ammonia solution.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Underground Spot Cooling Installations—Context and Case Study 地下定点冷却装置--背景和案例研究

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01054-7

Melissa Brown, Chris McGuire, Darryl Witow

{"title":"Underground Spot Cooling Installations—Context and Case Study","authors":"Melissa Brown, Chris McGuire, Darryl Witow","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01054-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01054-7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents engineering design and equipment selection for a successful temporary spot cooling installation used to support underground shaft sinking. The cooling system operated over a 22-month period from August 2021 to June 2023. The need for cooling was driven by the depth of shaft sink, which started from greater than 1900 m below surface. The system was subject to many of the common challenges preventing the widespread use of underground spot cooling, including limited process water and dewatering capability, heat rejection equipment placement in the path of blasting fumes, limited airflow quantity for heat rejection, and layout constraints due to the existing and upcoming mine services installations and construction. Use of hybrid cooling towers allowed for increased heat rejection capacity from evaporative cooling while maintaining a fully closed-loop condenser water circuit. Skid-mounting of all components allowed for easy placement and relocation. Use of HDPE piping lashed to existing ground support allowed for maximum layout flexibility and minimized installation time. Performance, operational features, and additional lessons learned, including feedback from operations personnel, are shared.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mean Block Size Prediction in Rock Blast Fragmentation Using TPE-Tree-Based Model Approach with SHapley Additive exPlanations 使用基于 TPE 树的模型方法和 SHapley 加性前规划预测岩石爆破碎裂中的平均碎块大小

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01057-4

Madalitso Mame, Yingui Qiu, Shuai Huang, Kun Du, Jian Zhou

{"title":"Mean Block Size Prediction in Rock Blast Fragmentation Using TPE-Tree-Based Model Approach with SHapley Additive exPlanations","authors":"Madalitso Mame, Yingui Qiu, Shuai Huang, Kun Du, Jian Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01057-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01057-4","url":null,"abstract":"The optimum fragmentation size measures the quality of a blasting operation. Boulders or large fragments can result in more costs because they need secondary blasting, while small fragments can result in ore loss and dilution. Therefore, it is very significant to accurately predict the mean block size to reduce production costs and enhance efficiency. Due to the shortfalls of the empirical models, scholars have been inclined toward artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for fragmentation size prediction over the decades. Firstly, in this study, three tree-based models, i.e., the random forest (RF), extra-trees (ET), and CatBoost (CB), are employed for basic prediction. The model uses eight parameters, seven input parameters, and mean block size (MBS) as the output parameter. Secondly, their performance and hyper-parameters were fine-tuned using Bayesian optimization: tree-structured Parzen estimators (TPE) algorithm using Optuna. Among the three models, the TPE-ET model showed superior performance with the following metric scores on the training dataset: 0.9896, 0.0184, and 0.0003, and on the test dataset with the following metric scores: 0.9463, 0.0415, and 0.0017, i.e., R2, RMSE, and MSE, respectively. In conclusion, analysis by the SHapley Additive ExPlanations approach shows that elastic modulus significantly impacts the model’s prediction of rock fragmentation.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141946428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“From Intuition to Optimization: A Hybrid FAHP-MAUT Model for Informed R&D Investment Decision in Mining” "从直觉到优化：采矿业研发投资知情决策的 FAHP-MAUT 混合模型"

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01053-8

Haton E. Alhamad, Saud M. Al-Mandil

{"title":"“From Intuition to Optimization: A Hybrid FAHP-MAUT Model for Informed R&D Investment Decision in Mining”","authors":"Haton E. Alhamad, Saud M. Al-Mandil","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01053-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01053-8","url":null,"abstract":"The mining industry has traditionally relied on personal experience and intuition for decision-making since industry managers and leaders are faced with uncertainty, diverse options, and limited resources to make a more objective and rational decision. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques have been introduced to address this challenge, yet the existing methods often focus on simplicity rather than optimality. Therefore, this research aims to develop a hybrid model that combines fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) with multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) to help decision-makers achieve optimal results when faced with diverse investment opportunities and criteria. The study uses data from a private consulting firm. The report consists of 225 projects and 16 attributes. The statistical analysis was performed through SPSS, involving a t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. FAHP and MAUT were performed via python programming and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to verify the validity of the data. The results demonstrate that the developed model can be utilized as a tool to mitigate subjectivity and provide a more objective and reliable ranking even in the long term. It also highlights the correlation between selected attributes and the context of investment opportunities. Attributes alone are necessary but not sufficient to influence rankings holistically. Ultimately, the study’s findings shed light on the interplay between attributes and investment contexts, emphasizing their interdependence. By adopting this uncommon model as a tool, decision-makers can make more informed choices and enhance their decision-making processes in the mining industry and other sectors.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141946429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Height Development Characteristics of Water-Conducting Fracture Zone in a Fully Mechanized Longwall Face with a Large Panel Width 大板宽全机械化长壁工作面导水断裂带的高度发展特征

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01049-4

Han Fang, Shuyun Zhu, Shengjun Zhang

{"title":"Height Development Characteristics of Water-Conducting Fracture Zone in a Fully Mechanized Longwall Face with a Large Panel Width","authors":"Han Fang, Shuyun Zhu, Shengjun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-01049-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01049-4","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the height development characteristics of a water-conducting fracture zone (WCFZ) in a working face with a large panel width, a typical working face with a panel width of 330 m was used as the research background for this study. The lower limit of the height of the WCFZ was preliminarily determined via borehole televiewer observation, and the maximum height of the WCFZ in the working face was further determined via numerical simulation and empirical analysis. The prediction results obtained via the traditional empirical formulas are unsuitable for working faces with large panel widths. For the studied working face, considering its actual geological background, the deformation and failure characteristics of the overlying rock under six different panel width conditions were simulated via numerical simulation, and it was found that the height of the WCFZ exhibits a good natural logarithmic relationship with the panel width. On the basis of the statistics of data collected from 58 cases of fully mechanized coal faces with normal panel widths in the North China-type coal field, the applicability of the logarithmic variation in the in situ data was analysed and compared. The accuracy of the logarithmic variation was verified by theoretical analysis, revealing that the internal factor controlling this variation is the decrease in the burial depth of the unfractured rock stratum. The case study with the panel width of the working face of 330 m extends the applicability of the abovementioned variation to panel widths greater than 300 m in North China-type coalfields, and 300 m was proposed as the threshold panel width at which the development of the WCFZ slows. This variation can provide a reference for safe mining and optimum panel width determination under high-intensity mining conditions.","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141946430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0