Lessons Learned From Haul Truck Operator Near-Miss Events: Use of the Critical Decision Method to Identify Strategies to Improve Operator Safety in Mining

IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
Cassandra L. Hoebbel, Jennica L. Bellanca, Jonathan K. Hrica
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Abstract

Accidents involving powered haulage and mobile equipment such as haul trucks often account for the greatest number of fatalities in the mining industry each year. Despite previous analyses that have identified root causes and other contributing factors, there is still a need to better understand the events leading up to these types of accidents, what lessons may be learned, and what strategies can be employed to prevent fatal accidents from occurring. This study examines naturalistic decision-making (NDM) using the critical decision method (CDM). The CDM is a retrospective interview approach used to explore time-limited, high-stakes decision-making that has not been often used in the mining industry. In this study, the CDM is used to obtain more information about what happens prior to, during, and after a potentially fatal situation such as a near-miss event, loss of control, or minor accident involving equipment damage. Researchers captured first-hand accounts from 21 haul truck operators involved in near-miss events from mine sites of various sizes and commodities throughout the USA. These accounts provide rich and detailed narratives from the perspective of haul truck operators themselves and reveal insights into what decisions haul truck operators make, what sensory cues they perceive, and what strategies they employ during challenging and non-routine situations so that haul truck operators can be better prepared in the future. Themes critical to operator decision- making emerged from the data with the top three including, know your truck, situational awareness, and safety first. These themes suggest that haul truck operators need to have a mastery level understanding of how their truck works in order to effectively react, that haul truck operators need to maintain an understanding of conditions and their environment, and that haul truck operators should prioritize safety when making decisions. To support haul truck knowledge acquisition and retention, mine operators may consider providing more detailed and hands on training including practice time in a variety of conditions. To support situational awareness, mine operators may consider investing in collision warning technologies and emphasizing good communication practices. Lastly, mine operators may consider continually emphasizing safety and their commitment to safe practices to help all mine workers internalize safety as a value, thereby reducing or eliminating related conflicts in decision- making. These results, along with potential solutions offered by study participants, can help to inform future research, raise awareness about hidden hazards, and build more creative interventions and realistic training scenarios for use by the industry to address haul truck safety issues.

Abstract Image

从牵引车操作员险些失误事件中吸取的教训:使用关键决策法确定改善采矿业操作员安全的策略
采矿业每年发生的死亡事故中,涉及牵引车等动力牵引和移动设备的事故往往最多。尽管之前的分析已经确定了事故的根本原因和其他诱因,但仍有必要更好地了解导致这类事故的事件、可吸取的教训以及可采用的策略,以防止致命事故的发生。本研究采用关键决策法(CDM)对自然决策(NDM)进行了研究。CDM 是一种回顾性访谈方法,用于探讨有时间限制的高风险决策,但在采矿业并不常用。在本研究中,CDM 被用来获取更多有关潜在致命情况(如险情、失控或涉及设备损坏的轻微事故)发生之前、期间和之后的信息。研究人员从美国各地不同规模和不同商品的矿场中收集了 21 名涉及险情的运输卡车操作员的第一手叙述。这些叙述从运输卡车操作员自身的角度出发,提供了丰富而详细的叙述,揭示了运输卡车操作员在具有挑战性的非日常情况下做出哪些决策、感知到哪些感官线索以及采用哪些策略,从而使运输卡车操作员在未来能够更好地做好准备。数据中出现了对操作员决策至关重要的主题,其中排在前三位的主题包括:了解你的卡车、态势感知和安全第一。这些主题表明,运输卡车司机需要对卡车的工作原理有精通程度的了解,以便有效地做出反应;运输卡车司机需要保持对条件和环境的了解;运输卡车司机在做出决策时应将安全放在首位。为了帮助卡车驾驶员掌握和保持相关知识,矿山运营商可以考虑提供更详细的实际操作培训,包括在各种条件下的练习时间。为提高态势感知能力,矿山经营者可考虑对碰撞预警技术进行投资,并强调良好的沟通方式。最后,矿山经营者可以考虑不断强调安全及其对安全实践的承诺,以帮助所有矿山工人将安全内化为一种价值观,从而减少或消除决策中的相关冲突。这些结果以及研究参与者提出的潜在解决方案有助于为今后的研究提供信息,提高人们对隐患的认识,并建立更具创造性的干预措施和逼真的培训场景,供行业用于解决运输卡车安全问题。
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来源期刊
Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration
Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Materials Science-Materials Chemistry
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
10.50%
发文量
177
期刊介绍: The aim of this international peer-reviewed journal of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration (SME) is to provide a broad-based forum for the exchange of real-world and theoretical knowledge from academia, government and industry that is pertinent to mining, mineral/metallurgical processing, exploration and other fields served by the Society. The journal publishes high-quality original research publications, in-depth special review articles, reviews of state-of-the-art and innovative technologies and industry methodologies, communications of work of topical and emerging interest, and other works that enhance understanding on both the fundamental and practical levels.
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