Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration最新文献

{"title":"Development of RBI-Overburden–Based Stabilized Material for Unpaved Heavy-Duty Haul Roads","authors":"Soumya Ranjan Mallick, Abhiram Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00959-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00959-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In any mining operation, huge quantities of overburden materials such as soil, sandstone and shale are extracted as waste. Generally, waste such as soil and sandstone is used in mines for road construction or haul roads. In many such mines, it is challenging to design haul road pavement to match the dumper capacity. This paper investigates overburden soil to find its utility as a pavement material. It is found that overburden soil is unsuitable pavement material without stabilization; hence, nine composite materials are developed using overburden soil and RBI. Physical, mechanical and microstructural properties of unstabilized and stabilized soil are determined. Statistical analysis is carried out to assess the effect of soil type, RBI and curing period of strength characteristics of unstabilized and stabilized soil. ANOVA tests assess the influence of RBI percentage on soil geotechnical properties, and regression relations are developed. Two-way ANOVA shows the effect of RBI and soil type on soil geotechnical properties, whereas one-way ANOVA shows that the influence of soil type is more than the RBI. The regression relation is developed for CBR, UCS, Poisson’s ratio and modulus of elasticity with a good correlation coefficient. The performance of RBI is more with the finer material and reduces with an increase in the size of soil grains. The performance of the developed composite is better than the earlier developed composite based on overburden with fly ash, lime kiln dust, lime or clinker.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140168388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Sustainable and Enhanced Iron Ore Recovery: Bio-beneficiation Review","authors":"Francis Gitau, Oladunni Oyelola Alabi, Fatai Olufemi Aramide, Kayode Henry Talabi, Mary Nelima Ondiaka","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00950-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00950-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Iron ore is essential in steel making; however, high-grade ores have diminished, making low-grade ores inevitable. These low-grade iron ores need further beneficiation to upgrade the iron content. Currently, traditional physical and chemical methods are utilized and are not environmentally friendly. Bio-beneficiation techniques have emerged as a sustainable alternative for mineral recovery. This review delves into recent bio-beneficiation advancements for enhanced low-grade iron ore recovery using microbes. Research has revealed that bio-beneficiation methods such as bio-leaching, bio-flotation, and bio-flocculation have proven successful in iron recovery from ores. The bio-beneficiation process occurs in mild conditions using bio-reagents derived from microbes and offers a reduction of chemicals used in processing. Bio-beneficiation of iron ore potentially offers a relatively energy-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method of maximum iron ore recovery. However, this review has identified a scaling-up difficulty in which a future approach for industrial-use applications is offered following a thorough sustainability assessment. Bio-beneficiation, using microbial processes, provides a viable avenue for maximizing iron ore recovery while tackling the constraints of dwindling high-grade iron ore resources and environmental sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140156576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Knowledge Management Landscape in the Greek Coal Mining Industry","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00958-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00958-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Coal mining operations are large-scale, long-term frameworks of high complexity. Mining organizations accumulate, develop, and leverage knowledge from diverse scientific and technological fields as a result of these operations. Both practical experience and existing literature indicate that knowledge management (KM) methods within the mining industry primarily target solving immediate technical challenges and operational requirements. However, they are not commonly regarded as strategic tools to enhance the performance and competitiveness of mining companies. Empirical evidence from the Greek mining industry suggests that the management of available knowledge is intricate, less effective, and dysfunctional. This paper presents a methodology based on the principles of quantitative research (QNR), collaboratively conducted with a group of mining experts, to assess the KM landscape in the Greek mining industry. The methodology involves a structured data collection framework using questionnaires, subsequent statistical analysis, a discussion on critical methodological aspects, and an interpretation of results focusing on key aspects useful for planners and designers of KM systems in the mining industry. Finally, the paper concludes by summarizing the methodology’s outcomes and proposing further perspectives for research.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140152233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Different Magnetic Separation Procedures of a Korean VTM Ore on Combined Pyro-hydrometallurgical Vanadium Recovery Behavior","authors":"Rina Kim, Yuik Eom, Yeongjin Ahn, Kyeong Woo Chung, Sujeong Lee, Min-seuk Kim, Byunghun Go, Hong-In Kim, Ho-Seok Jeon","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00943-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00943-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study focused on the recovery of vanadium from a Korean vanadium-bearing titaniferous magnetite (VTM) ore, examining the behaviors of magnetic separation and Na₂CO₃ roasting-water leaching. Two concentrates were prepared using single-stage dry magnetic separation and three-step wet magnetic separation, resulting in V₂O₅ grades of 0.8% and 1.0% and major gangue mineral SiO₂ contents of 6.5% and 1.7%, respectively. These concentrates were subsequently roasted at 1050 °C with the addition of Na₂CO₃ and then water-leached at 25 °C. Various stoichiometric ratios of V₂O₅ to Na₂CO₃ were tested, ranging from 1:1 to 1:40 of the theoretically required amount. As the amount of Na₂CO₃ increased, the vanadium leaching efficiency showed fluctuations between 4 and 35% for ratios of 1:1 to 1:10, while it linearly increased from 4 to 82% for ratios of 1:10 to 1:40 in the leaching of the low-grade concentrate. In contrast, the leaching efficiency increased from 47 to 74% for ratios of 1:1 to 1:8 and then sharply rose to 84% at a ratio of 1:10 in the leaching of the high-grade concentrate. Subsequently, it reached a plateau of 92 to 94% for ratios of 1:20 to 1:40. The difference in leaching efficiency was primarily due to the reaction of gangue minerals with Na₂CO₃, which hindered vanadium leaching from the VTM concentrates. This hindrance was notably more pronounced in the low-grade concentrate with the lower salt ratio, as the gangue minerals exhibited a preference for consuming Na₂CO₃ over vanadium. The mineral formation was analyzed in detail using XRD and MLA to shed light on the mechanism of different vanadium leaching behavior depending on the concentrate grade and vanadium to salt ratio. Based on the results of this study, it is evident that applying a proper magnetic separation procedure is significant to achieving satisfactory vanadium recovery with less salt amount by removing gangue minerals ahead.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140152232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Road to Zero: The 50-Year Effort to Eliminate Roof Fall Fatalities from US Underground Coal Mines","authors":"Christopher Mark","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00956-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00956-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Six decades ago, the most dangerous job in the USA was mining coal underground. Roof falls were responsible for half of the deaths, killing about 100 miners every year. Fast forward to 2016 and zero roof fall fatalities. Just three miners were killed by roof falls during the following 6 years. How did the mining community achieve this historic goal? This paper starts by analyzing the roof fall fatalities in 1968, categorizing them by their fundamental cause. Then, it shows how each type of roof fall was reduced over time, using snapshots of the fatalities occurring in subsequent decades. Along the way, it evaluates the influence of the regulatory environment, changing mining methods, and better ground control technology. The study found that in 1968 more than half of roof fall fatalities at large mines were attributable to an inadequate safety culture. The immediate effect of the 1969 Coal Mine Health and Safety Act was to reduce the riskiest activities, like needlessly going under unsupported roof. Other hazards, like large roof falls, required technological developments before they were brought under control. Roof Control Plans, which the US Bureau of Mines had been advocating since the 1920s, played a significant role throughout the process.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach in Predicting Dump Truck Tyre Life in a Mine Based on Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Optimised with Particle Swarm Optimisation","authors":"Solomon Evans Kweku Koomson, Victor Amoako Temeng, Yao Yevenyo Ziggah","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00954-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00954-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tyre hours/life deficit is a major operational challenge facing the mining industry which adversely affects materials production and costs. An accurate forecast of the tyre life is key in addressing this menace. This study for the first time employed the hybrid intelligent technique by utilising three metaheuristic optimisation algorithms, including particle swarm optimisation (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and whale optimisation algorithm (WOA), as trainers for the parametric weights and biases to optimise multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) for enhancing prediction of on-site dump truck tyre life in the mine. Four hybrid models known as PSO-MLPNN, WOA-MLPNN, GA-MLPNN, and BP-MLPNN were developed using a total of 157 tyre dataset records obtained from a surface mine in Ghana. In assessing the prediction performances for the models developed, five statistical performance metrics of variance accounted for (VAF), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency index (NASH), coefficient of determination (<i>r</i>²), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and correlation coefficient (<i>r</i>) were utilised. Moreover, ranking, uncertainty analysis and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) techniques were utilised to establish the most effective hybrid model, whereas sensitivity analysis was conducted on the input parameters. Results achieved showed that PSO-MLPNN was the best for prediction because it had the least MAPE value of 1.196% and relatively high values of VAF (99.642%), NASH (0.996), <i>r</i>² (0.996), and <i>r</i> (0.998). Besides, PSO-MLPNN had the best selection criteria values of 6, 7.1725, and 444.834 for the ranking, uncertainty analysis and BIC respectively. Hence, PSO-MLPNN is recommended for the prediction of on-site dump truck tyre life for the studied mine.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140099178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Simulation Studies on the Atomization Characteristics of the Internal Mixing Nozzle and Its Field Application","authors":"Wenpu Li, Yiyi Zheng, He Shao, Xin Wang, Xi Chen, Yurong Gao","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00955-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00955-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study utilized experimental and numerical simulation methods to investigate and analyze the atomization characteristics of three internal air–water mixed atomizers under different operating conditions. By comparing the research results, the effective dust control working parameters for the application of the selected atomizer in the engineering field were determined. Firstly, the atomization characteristics of the three atomizers were studied using a customized experimental system. The results indicated that nozzle 2 had a wide atomization range, a small atomization distance, and small droplet size; nozzle 3 had a narrow atomization range, large droplet size, and fast atomization speed; and nozzle 1 not only had a large atomization range but also could produce droplets of dry mist size with fast atomization speed, meeting the dust reduction requirements of the Majiliang Coal Preparation Plant. Secondly, Fluent software was used to simulate the atomization process and particle size distribution of the three internal mixed atomizers, determining the working conditions of the atomizers, the required number of atomizers, and the application angle of the atomizers in the internal mixed dust removal system. Finally, the atomized dust control system was applied on-site, achieving a total dust removal efficiency of 90.72% and a respirable dust removal efficiency of 89.75%.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140099286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Criterion and Applications for Assessing the Impact of Coal Seam Mining on Overlying Strata","authors":"Yang Li, Nan Wang, Yifei Song, Xinghai Lei, Tiezheng Li, Lingyun Zou","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00953-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00953-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The stability of key strata is of utmost importance in ensuring safe and effective coal seam mining operations. To minimize disturbance impacts on these strata and ensure their stability, it is crucial to assess the degree of disturbance caused by mining activities. This study proposes the evaluation index “disturbance degree of key stratum (KSDD)” and establishes a quantitative KSDD criterion to measure the degree of disturbance on key strata. To facilitate the assessment process, an intelligent calculation system for KSDD is developed. The classification criteria are derived by combining the measured three-zone heights from multiple mines. The reliability and accuracy of the KSDD quantitative criterion are validated using field measurement data. Furthermore, the KSDD quantitative criterion is applied to the Meihuajing mining area No. 23, and the distribution characteristics of KSDD are analyzed. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference for reducing disturbance and enhancing the stability of key strata during subsequent mining operations. Overall, this work contributes to the field of ground control in coal seam mining by providing a comprehensive approach to assess and mitigate the disturbance caused by mining activities on key strata.</p>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140070941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separation and Purification of Cesium from High-Rubidium Solution by Zinc Ferrocyanide","authors":"Xie Junjie, Li Kang, Shi Zhuonan, Min Changli, Li Shina, Yin Zichen, Ma Ruixin","doi":"10.1007/s42461-023-00813-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-023-00813-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cesium and rubidium were effectively separated by zinc ferrocyanide coprecipitation method, and the effect of precipitant addition amount on the separation of cesium and rubidium was studied. Under the conditions of Zn/Cs molar ratio of 0.45 and Zn/Fe molar ratio of 1, the precipitation rate of cesium is 84.01% and the separation factor of Cs/Rb is 164.65. The thermogravimetric curves of the sediment were measured, and the effects of roasting temperature, roasting time, and leaching liquid/solid ratio on the extraction of cesium were studied. Almost all of the cesium was extracted under optimal conditions: roasting temperature of 600 °C, roasting time of 3 h, leaching temperature of 25 °C, leaching time of 0.5 h, and liquid/solid ratio of 5:1 mL/g. After the leaching process, the leach liquor with high concentration of cesium of 80.17 g/L was obtained. Finally, the leach liquor was further purified by solvent extraction, and the purity of the cesium chloride product reached 99.66%.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2-Free Flux for Sustainable Iron Ore Pelletizing","authors":"Shaik Mahaboob Basha, Srinivas Dwarapudi, Pulibandla Basaveswara Rao, Indrajit Paul, Surajit Sinha, Shakuntala Tudu","doi":"10.1007/s42461-024-00949-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-00949-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The iron and steel manufacturing sector directly accounts for 7–9% of global CO₂ emissions. Raw material preparation, such as iron ore sintering, pelletizing, and cock making, is the major CO₂ emitter. As climate change becomes a bigger concern, steel manufacturers need to lower CO₂ emissions without hindering efficiency or increasing costs. In recent years, the percentage of iron ore pellets in blast furnaces has increased due to its uniform size, good reducibility, and high tumbler index. Pelletizing is energy-intensive and emits considerable CO₂. Around 20% of CO₂ emissions during pellet making come from fluxes. In the present work, the authors established a novel CO₂-free flux called wollastonite (CaO.SiO₂) for sustainable palletization. Pellets with varying percentages of wollastonite (0–6%) are prepared and tested for chemical, physical, and metallurgical properties. Image analysis through an optical microscope is carried out to quantify the phases of fired pellets. SEM–EDS is performed to evaluate the chemical composition of the melt and slag phases. The results showed that the reducibility index (RI) and swelling index (SI) of pellets decreased with an increase in wollastonite dosage. Pellet strength increases with an increase in wollastonite addition up to 1.2% CaO (2.27% wollastonite), and a decrease in strength is observed thereafter. The increase in strength is attributed to the increase in slag bonds. The decrease in strength beyond 1.2% CaO is mainly because of an increase in low melting eutectics and more magnetite content. Pellets with 2.27% wollastonite to get 1.2% CaO showed good physical and metallurgical properties.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":18588,"journal":{"name":"Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140033026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}