Micromachines最新文献_第3页

A 90-100 GHz SiGe BiCMOS 6-Bit Digital Phase Shifter with a Coupler-Based 180° Unit for Phased Arrays. 一种90-100 GHz SiGe BiCMOS 6位数字移相器，带有基于耦合器的180°单元，用于相控阵。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091056

Hongchang Shen, Hongyun Zhang, Yuqian Pu, Chong Wang, Bing Li, Xusheng Tang, Xinxi Zeng, Jiang Luo

引用次数: 0

The Fluidic Shear Stress Loading Method Enables Mechanobiological Stimulation in an On-Chip Pump-Integrated Microphysiological System. 流体剪切应力加载方法在片上泵集成微生理系统中实现机械生物学刺激。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091051

Jin Hong Yap, Satoshi Ishizaki, Hiroko Nakamura, Kenta Shinha, Hiroshi Kimura

{"title":"The Fluidic Shear Stress Loading Method Enables Mechanobiological Stimulation in an On-Chip Pump-Integrated Microphysiological System.","authors":"Jin Hong Yap, Satoshi Ishizaki, Hiroko Nakamura, Kenta Shinha, Hiroshi Kimura","doi":"10.3390/mi16091051","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091051","url":null,"abstract":"Microphysiological systems (MPSs), such as organ-on-a-chip platforms, are promising alternatives to animal testing for drug development and physiological research. The BioStellar™ Plate is a commercial MPS platform featuring an open-top culture chamber design with on-chip stirrer pumps that circulate culture medium through six independent, dual microchannel-connected chamber multiorgan units. Although this design enables a circular flow, the open-top culture chamber format prevents the application of fluidic shear stress, a force that cells experience in vivo, which affects their behavior and function. To address this, we developed two fluidic shear stress attachments for the BioStellar™ Plate. These attachment channel fluids provide controlled mechanical stimulation to cultured cells. The flow dynamics were simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics to estimate shear stress levels. The attachments were fabricated and validated through fluorescent bead tracking and biological assays. The FSSA-D is designed for flat-bottom standard cell cultures, while the FSSA-I is designed for epithelial monolayers, enabling the application of fluidic shear stress across the basal membrane. Experiments with intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) demonstrated that both attachments enhanced cell barrier function under a fluidic environment, as indicated by higher transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). These findings demonstrate that the attachments are practical tools for mechanobiology research with MPS platforms.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On-Machine Precision Truing and Error Compensation of Cup-Shaped Diamond Grinding Wheels with Arc-Shaped Cutting Edge. 弧刃杯形金刚石砂轮的机内精密加工及误差补偿。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091050

Yawen Guo, Ziqiang Yin

{"title":"On-Machine Precision Truing and Error Compensation of Cup-Shaped Diamond Grinding Wheels with Arc-Shaped Cutting Edge.","authors":"Yawen Guo, Ziqiang Yin","doi":"10.3390/mi16091050","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091050","url":null,"abstract":"The cup-shaped grinding wheels with arc-shaped edges provide a satisfactory precision grinding solution for high-accuracy optical surfaces on hard and brittle materials. However, the complex profile of the arc-shaped edges of cup-shaped grinding wheels makes them challenging to truing. This paper proposes an on-machine truing technique targeting cup-shaped grinding wheels with arc-shaped cutting edge. First, a mathematical model was established to simulate the three-axis of on-machine truing the arc-shaped cutting edge using a diamond roller. Based on this model, a theoretical analysis is conducted to investigate the impact of tool setting errors, measurement errors of the diamond roller, and the pose error on truing accuracy. A compensation method was proposed, and experimental results validated its effectiveness. To investigate the grinding performance of cup-shaped grinding wheels after truing, a complex component is ground using a truing diamond grinding wheel. The experimental results demonstrate that this method enables precise on-machine truing of the arc-shaped edges of cup-shaped grinding wheels and is efficient. The average dimensional accuracy of the grinding wheel's arc-shaped edge is reduced to 1.5 μm, with the profile accuracy (PV) of 0.89 μm.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145175815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atomic Insight into the Nano-Grinding Mechanism of Reaction-Bonded Silicon Carbide: Effect of Abrasive Size. 反应键合碳化硅纳米磨削机理的原子洞察：磨料尺寸的影响。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091049

Honglei Mo, Xie Chen, Cui Luo, Xiaojiang Cai

{"title":"Atomic Insight into the Nano-Grinding Mechanism of Reaction-Bonded Silicon Carbide: Effect of Abrasive Size.","authors":"Honglei Mo, Xie Chen, Cui Luo, Xiaojiang Cai","doi":"10.3390/mi16091049","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091049","url":null,"abstract":"Reaction-bonded silicon carbide (RB-SiC) is a high-performance ceramic material known for its excellent mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. It contains phases with different mechanical properties, which introduce complex machining mechanisms. In the present work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was conducted to investigate the effect of abrasive size on the nano-grinding mechanism of RB-SiC. The surface morphology and subsurface deformation mechanism were investigated. The simulation results suggest that when a small abrasive is used, the surface swelling of SiC is primarily generated by the bending and tearing of SiC at the interfaces. As the abrasive radius increases, the surface swelling is mainly formed by Si atoms, which is identified as elastic recovery. Meanwhile, the material removal rate gradually decreases, and the depth of plastic deformation is obviously increased. Stocking of Si is more apparent at the interface, and obvious sliding of SiC grains is observed, forming edge cracks at the margin of the workpiece. In the subsurface workpiece, the high-pressure phase transition (HPPT) of Si is promoted, and the squeeze of disordered Si is obvious with more dislocations formed when larger abrasive is used.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Converging Architectures: Precision Biomanufacturing and Soft Robotics Rewiring Tissue Engineering. 融合架构：精密生物制造和软机器人重新布线组织工程。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091052

Miriam Filippi

引用次数: 0

Harmonic-Recycling Passive RF Energy Harvester with Integrated Power Management. 集成电源管理的谐波回收无源射频能量采集器。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091053

Ruijiao Li, Yuquan Hu, Hui Li, Haiyan Jin, Dan Liao

{"title":"Harmonic-Recycling Passive RF Energy Harvester with Integrated Power Management.","authors":"Ruijiao Li, Yuquan Hu, Hui Li, Haiyan Jin, Dan Liao","doi":"10.3390/mi16091053","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091053","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth of low-power Internet of Things (IoT) applications has created an urgent demand for compact, battery-free power solutions. However, most existing RF energy harvesters rely on active rectifiers, multi-phase topologies, or complex tuning networks, which increase circuit complexity and static power overhead while struggling to maintain high efficiency under microwatt-level inputs. To address this challenge, this work proposes a harmonic-recycling, passive, RF-energy-harvesting system with integrated power management (HR-P-RFEH). The system adopts a planar microstrip architecture compatible with MEMS fabrication, integrating a dual-stage voltage multiplier rectifier (VMR) and a stub-based harmonic suppression-recycling network. The design was verified through combined electromagnetic/circuit co-simulations, PCB prototyping, and experimental measurements. Operating at 915 MHz under a 0 dBm input and a 2 kΩ load, the HR-P-RFEH achieves a stable 1.4 V DC output and a peak rectification efficiency of 70.7%. Compared with a conventional single-stage rectifier, it improves the output voltage by 22.5% and the efficiency by 16.4%. The rectified power is further regulated by a BQ25570-based unit to provide a stable 3.3 V supply buffered by a 47 mF supercapacitor, ensuring continuous operation under intermittent RF input. In comparison with the state of the art, the proposed fully passive, harmonic-recycling design achieves competitive efficiency without active bias or adaptive tuning while remaining MEMS- and LTCC-ready. These results highlight HR-P-RFEH as a scalable and fabrication-friendly building block for next-generation energy-autonomous IoT and MEMS systems.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the Low-Damage Material Removal Mechanism of Silicon Carbide Ceramics Under Longitudinal-Torsional Ultrasonic Grinding Conditions. 纵向-扭转超声磨削条件下碳化硅陶瓷低损伤材料去除机理研究。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091048

Junli Liu, Zhenqi Ma, Yanyan Yan, Dengke Yuan, Yifan Wang

{"title":"Study on the Low-Damage Material Removal Mechanism of Silicon Carbide Ceramics Under Longitudinal-Torsional Ultrasonic Grinding Conditions.","authors":"Junli Liu, Zhenqi Ma, Yanyan Yan, Dengke Yuan, Yifan Wang","doi":"10.3390/mi16091048","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091048","url":null,"abstract":"In order to achieve the high-performance machining of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics, longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration (LTUV) was introduced into precision machining, and a systematic investigation into the effects of various process parameters on the critical cutting depth and surface quality was conducted. This investigation was undertaken with a view to exploring the ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding mechanism of SiC ceramics. Firstly, the kinematic model of single abrasive grain trajectory and the maximum unaltered cutting thickness during longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding (LTUVG) was established to explore its unique grinding characteristics. On this basis, the theoretical modeling of critical cutting depth in SiC ceramics under LTUVG conditions was developed. This was then verified through longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic scratching (LTUS) experiments, and the theoretical analysis and test results prove that compared with normal scratching, the quality of SiC grooves are significantly improved by means of LTUS. During LTUS experiments, the dynamic fracture toughness, strain rate of SiC, and high-frequency ultrasonic excitation significantly enhances SiC performance, increasing the critical cutting depth and expanding the plastic removal region, so it is easy for LTUVG to yield the better surface quality in machined SiC ceramics, which provides important scholarly support for achieving the low-damage machining of SiC ceramics.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical Sensor for Scanning Angle of Micromirror with Improved 2D Calibration Method. 基于改进二维标定方法的微镜扫描角度光学传感器。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091046

Longqi Ran, Zhongrui Ma, Ting Li, Jiangbo He, Jiahao Wu, Wu Zhou

{"title":"Optical Sensor for Scanning Angle of Micromirror with Improved 2D Calibration Method.","authors":"Longqi Ran, Zhongrui Ma, Ting Li, Jiangbo He, Jiahao Wu, Wu Zhou","doi":"10.3390/mi16091046","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091046","url":null,"abstract":"The optical angle sensor demonstrates considerable potential to supersede the piezoresistive sensor as the preferred angle detection mechanism for micromirrors, primarily due to its reduced vulnerability to temperature fluctuations. However, this sensor is susceptible to interference from rotations about non-detectable axes and exhibits inadequate linearity. To mitigate these challenges, this paper introduces a sub-region calibration method. A mapping surface was created to link the output signal offsets of two axes with their input angles, allowing the effects of non-measured axes to be treated as variables. To simplify the mathematical model of this mapping surface, it was divided into an n-by-n grid of small areas. Each area uses bilinear interpolation to calculate the corresponding angle from the output values. To quickly locate which grid area a sensor output belongs to, the entire mapping surface was scaled to a range from 0 to n. Sensor outputs are then assigned to specific grid areas using the floor function. For validation, an optical sensor and a 2D rotating stage were built for calibration tests. Experimental results show that this calibration method keeps measurement errors below 0.01° within a ±8° operating range of the sensor.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145175862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morph and Function: Exploring Origami-Inspired Structures in Versatile Robotics Systems. 形态和功能：探索多用途机器人系统中的折纸启发结构。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091047

Tran Vy Khanh Vo, Tan Kai Noel Quah, Li Ting Chua, King Ho Holden Li

{"title":"Morph and Function: Exploring Origami-Inspired Structures in Versatile Robotics Systems.","authors":"Tran Vy Khanh Vo, Tan Kai Noel Quah, Li Ting Chua, King Ho Holden Li","doi":"10.3390/mi16091047","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091047","url":null,"abstract":"The art of folding paper, named \"origami\", has transformed from serving religious and cultural purposes to various educational and entertainment purposes in the modern world. Significantly, the fundamental folds and creases in origami, which enable the creation of 3D structures from a simple flat sheet with unique crease patterns, serve as a great inspiration in engineering applications such as deployable mechanisms for space exploration, self-folding structures for exoskeletons and surgical procedures, micro-grippers, energy absorption, and programmable robotic morphologies. Therefore, this paper will provide a systematic review of the state-of-the-art origami-inspired structures that have been adopted and exploited in robotics design and operation, called origami-inspired robots (OIRs). The advantages of the flexibility and adaptability of these folding mechanisms enable robots to achieve agile mobility and shape-shifting capabilities that are suited to diverse tasks. Furthermore, the inherent compliance structure, meaning that stiffness can be tuned from rigid to soft with different folding states, allows these robots to perform versatile functions, ranging from soft interactions to robust manipulation and a high-DOF system. In addition, the potential to simplify the fabrication and assembly processes, together with its integration into a wide range of actuation systems, further broadens its capabilities. However, these mechanisms increase the complexity in theoretical analysis and modelling, as well as posing a challenge in control algorithms when the robot's DOF and reconfigurations are significantly increased. By leveraging the principles of folding and integrating actuation and design strategies, these robots can adapt their shapes, stiffness, and functionality to meet the demands of diverse tasks and environments, offering significant advantages over traditional rigid robots.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Overmoded-Waveguide-Based Permittivity Measurement Method with High Accuracy and Ultra-Broadband over 8-110 GHz. 基于超模波导的8-110 GHz超宽带高精度介电常数测量方法。

IF 3 3区工程技术

Micromachines Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/mi16091045

Weijie Wang, Yingjian Cao, Tieyang Wang, Fangfang Song, Shuanzhu Fang, Xianfeng Tang, Xiangqiang Li, Guoxiang Shu, Guo Liu

{"title":"An Overmoded-Waveguide-Based Permittivity Measurement Method with High Accuracy and Ultra-Broadband over 8-110 GHz.","authors":"Weijie Wang, Yingjian Cao, Tieyang Wang, Fangfang Song, Shuanzhu Fang, Xianfeng Tang, Xiangqiang Li, Guoxiang Shu, Guo Liu","doi":"10.3390/mi16091045","DOIUrl":"10.3390/mi16091045","url":null,"abstract":"An overmoded-waveguide-based kit operating in 8-110 GHz for material complex permittivity measurement is proposed and designed in this paper. It overcomes the significant errors caused by air gaps in the conventional standard waveguide method (SWM), especially for millimeter-wave frequency bands. Furthermore, it avoids the problem of SWM requiring different samples in broadband measurements. The proposed kit consists of an overmoded-waveguide sample fixture with cross dimensions of 22.86 mm × 10.16 mm, seven pairs of standard-overmoded waveguide transition structures for different frequency bands, and thru-reflect-line calibration kits. The air gap problem, a major error source in millimeter-wave measurement, is quantitatively investigated. Compared with the SWM method, the proposed kit can decrease errors from over 68% to below 8%. The proposed method was verified by measuring the polytetrafluoroethylene sample. Then, it was applied to measure the BeO-TiO2 ceramic, which is widely used in vacuum devices. The measured data are valuable for applying BeO-TiO2 ceramics in relevant devices and developing its dielectric relaxation model.","PeriodicalId":18508,"journal":{"name":"Micromachines","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0