Metabolites最新文献

{"title":"Chromatography-Based Metabolomics as a Tool in Bioorganic Research of Honey.","authors":"Marina Kranjac, Piotr Marek Kuś, Saša Prđun, Renata Odžak, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110606","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review presents the latest research on chromatography-based metabolomics for bioorganic research of honey, considering targeted, suspect, and untargeted metabolomics involving metabolite profiling and metabolite fingerprinting. These approaches give an insight into the metabolic diversity of different honey varieties and reveal different classes of organic compounds in the metabolic profiles, among which, key metabolites such as biomarkers and bioactive compounds can be highlighted. Chromatography-based metabolomics strategies have significantly impacted different aspects of bioorganic research, including primary areas such as botanical origins, honey origin traceability, entomological origins, and honey maturity. Through the use of different tools for complex data analysis, these strategies contribute to the detection, assessment, and/or correlation of different honey parameters and attributes. Bioorganic research is mainly focused on phytochemicals and their transformation, but the chemical changes that can occur during the different stages of honey formation remain a challenge. Furthermore, the latest user- and environmentally friendly sample preparation methods and technologies as well as future perspectives and the role of chromatography-based metabolomic strategies in honey characterization are discussed. The objective of this review is to summarize the latest metabolomics strategies contributing to bioorganic research onf honey, with emphasis on the (i) metabolite analysis by gas and liquid chromatography techniques; (ii) key metabolites in the obtained metabolic profiles; (iii) formation and accumulation of biogenic volatile and non-volatile markers; (iv) sample preparation procedures; (v) data analysis, including software and databases; and (vi) conclusions and future perspectives. For the present review, the literature search strategy was based on the PRISMA guidelines and focused on studies published between 2019 and 2024. This review outlines the importance of metabolomics strategies for potential innovations in characterizing honey and unlocking its full bioorganic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Disulfidptosis with Potentially Bioactive Natural Products in Metabolic Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Xinyan Li, Jiayi Xu, Liangwen Yan, Shenkang Tang, Yinggang Zhang, Mengjiao Shi, Pengfei Liu","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110604","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic cancers are defined by metabolic reprogramming. Although this reprograming drives rapid tumour growth and invasion, it also reveals specific metabolic vulnerabilities that can be therapeutically exploited in cancer therapy. A novel form of programmed cell death, known as disulfidptosis, was identified last year; tumour cells with high SLC7A11 expression undergo disulfidptosis when deprived of glucose. Natural products have attracted increasing attention and have shown potential to treat metabolic cancers through diverse mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched electronic databases involving PubMed, Web of Science, Gooale Scholar. To ensue comprehensive exploration, keywords including metabolic reprogramming, metabolic cancer, disulfidptosis, natural products and some other words were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this review, we focus on the shared characteristics and metabolic vulnerabilities of metabolic cancers. Additionally, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying disulfidptosis and highlight key regulatory genes. Furthermore, we predict bioactive natural products that target disulfidptosis-related genes, offering new perspectives for anticancer strategies through the modulation of disulfidptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By summarizing current research progress, this review mainly analyzed the potential mechanisms of natural products in the treatment of metabolic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the Dietary Fat Concentration and Fatty Acid Pattern on the Urine Composition, Apparent Nutrient Digestibility, and Selected Blood Values of Healthy Adult Cats.","authors":"Nadine Paßlack, Simon Franz Müller, Kathrin Büttner, Jürgen Zentek","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110605","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The dietary fat concentration and fatty acid profile can influence various aspects of the feline organism. This study examined their effects on the urine composition, apparent nutrient digestibility, and selected blood variables. <b>Methods</b>: Ten healthy adult cats (46.6 ± 14.1 months old, initial body weight 4.99 ± 0.91 kg) received a low-fat basic diet with or without the addition of sunflower oil, fish oil, or lard in a randomized crossover design. The oil and lard were added to the daily amount of food at 0.5 or 1 g/kg body weight of the cats. At the end of each 3-week feeding period, urine, feces, and fasting blood samples were collected. <b>Results</b>: The results demonstrated only small effects of the dietary fat concentration and source on the urine composition of the cats. In addition, the apparent nutrient digestibility was unaffected by the dietary treatments. The supplementation with fish oil, but not sunflower oil or lard, lowered the triglycerides and increased the total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in the plasma of the cats (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, these blood values were within the physiological reference ranges among all groups. <b>Conclusions</b>: It can be concluded that the dietary fat content and fatty acid profile did not adversely affect the urine composition or nutrient digestibility in healthy adult cats. The lipid metabolism of the animals was modulated by the supplementation with fish oil, a relevant source of n-3 fatty acids. The observed triglyceride-lowering effect should be further investigated in clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics of Papanicolaou Tests for the Discovery of Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers.","authors":"Samyukta Sah, Elisabeth M Schwiebert, Samuel G Moore, Ying Liu, David A Gaul, Kristin L M Boylan, Amy P N Skubitz, Facundo M Fernández","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110600","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal cancers among women due to most cases going undiagnosed until later stages. The early detection and treatment of this malignancy provides the best prognosis, but the lack of an accurate and sensitive screening tool combined with ambiguous symptoms hinders these diagnoses. In contrast, screening for cervical cancer via Papanicolaou (Pap) tests is a widespread practice that greatly reduces the cancer's mortality rates. Interestingly, previous studies show evidence of OC cells in Pap tests, suggesting that proteins, and potentially lipids, shed from ovarian tumors end up in the cervix. The goal of this study is to evaluate the practicality of using Pap tests as biospecimens for OC-screening-related metabolomics. <b>Methods</b>: To evaluate the effectiveness of using residual Pap test samples as biospecimens for potential metabolomics work, 29 Pap test samples, collected from women over the age of 50 with normal cytology and no visible blood contamination, were first obtained from the University of Minnesota, with IRB approval. These samples were centrifuged to recover the cell pellets from the supernatants. The cell pellets underwent a biphasic extraction, followed by an RP-LC-MS analysis, while the supernatants underwent two separate extractions and analyses, including RP-LC-MS and HILIC-LC-MS. Non-targeted features were detected in the range of 220-1000 <i>m/z</i> to determine the sensitivity and scope of the various extraction and analytical workflows, as well as evaluating residual Pap test samples as viable metabolomics biospecimens. <b>Results</b>: The biphasic extraction and subsequent RP-LC-MS analysis of the isolated cell pellets from all 29 samples yielded informative, exploratory data, highlighting the potential of using residual Pap test samples as biospecimens for metabolomics, specifically lipidomics, studies. Each sample was analyzed in both the positive and negative ion mode, yielding the detection of 7318 in the positive ion mode and 3733 in the negative ion mode. Using multiple reference libraries, 22.85% and 36.19% of these features were annotated in the positive and negative ion mode, respectively. Among these detected features, 453 unique lipids, representative of 20 different lipid subclasses, were annotated in all 29 samples. Of the various lipid subclasses represented from the detected lipids, ceramides, triacylglycerols, hexosylceramides, and phosphatidylcholines contributed to over half (53.3%) of the detected lipids at 16.2%, 13.0%, 12.8%, and 11.3%, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: The detection of these 453 common lipids across all patients establishes a relative lipidome baseline for women over the age of 50 with normal cervical cytology. This exploratory study is the first investigation to utilize residual Pap test samples as biospecimens in a metabolomics/lipidomics workflow.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MS2Lipid: A Lipid Subclass Prediction Program Using Machine Learning and Curated Tandem Mass Spectral Data.","authors":"Nami Sakamoto, Takaki Oka, Yuki Matsuzawa, Kozo Nishida, Jayashankar Jayaprakash, Aya Hori, Makoto Arita, Hiroshi Tsugawa","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110602","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Untargeted lipidomics using collision-induced dissociation-based tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MS/MS) is essential for biological and clinical applications. However, annotation confidence still relies on manual curation by analytical chemists, despite the development of various software tools for automatic spectral processing based on rule-based fragment annotations. <b>Methods</b>: In this study, we present a novel machine learning model, MS2Lipid, for the prediction of known lipid subclasses from MS/MS queries, providing an orthogonal approach to existing lipidomics software programs in determining the lipid subclass of ion features. We designed a new descriptor, MCH (mode of carbon and hydrogen), to increase the specificity of lipid subclass prediction in nominal mass resolution MS data. <b>Results</b>: The model, trained with 6760 and 6862 manually curated MS/MS spectra for the positive and negative ion modes, respectively, classified queries into one or several of 97 lipid subclasses, achieving an accuracy of 97.4% in the test set. The program was further validated using various datasets from different instruments and curators, with the average accuracy exceeding 87.2%. Using an integrated approach with molecular spectral networking, we demonstrated the utility of MS2Lipid by annotating microbiota-derived esterified bile acids, whose abundance was significantly increased in fecal samples of obese patients in a human cohort study. This suggests that the machine learning model provides an independent criterion for lipid subclass classification, enhancing the annotation of lipid metabolites within known lipid classes. <b>Conclusions</b>: MS2Lipid is a highly accurate machine learning model that enhances lipid subclass annotation from MS/MS data and provides an independent criterion.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Angiogenesis and Bone Turnover Markers in Patients with Gaucher Disease Developing Osteonecrosis.","authors":"Simona D'Amore, Kenneth Eric Poole, Uma Ramaswami, Derralynn Hughes, Kathleen Page, Antonio Giovanni Solimando, Angelo Vacca, Timothy Martin Cox, Patrick Deegan","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110601","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Patients with Gaucher disease have a high risk of bone disease, with osteonecrosis representing the most debilitating complication. The pathogenesis of osteonecrosis has not been fully elucidated yet, and there is an unmet need for predictive biomarkers of bone complications. We aimed to assess the utility of angiogenesis and bone turnover biomarkers as predictors of osteonecrosis in Gaucher disease. <b>Methods</b>: Angiogenesis and bone turnover biomarkers were measured in 146 Gaucher disease patients (70M:76F, median age 49.5 [IQR 36.7 to 61]) with/without osteonecrosis enrolled in the UK-based registry GAUCHERITE [enrolment 2015-2017]. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used to compare the osteonecrosis predictive value of angiogenesis and bone turnover biomarkers and determine the optimal cut-off values for each biomarker. <b>Results</b>: Sixty-two patients had osteonecrosis before study enrolment, 11 had osteonecrosis during follow-up, and 73 remained osteonecrosis-free. Patients with osteonecrosis showed increased osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 levels and decreased MMP-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C compared with those free from osteonecrosis. MMP-9 predicted future osteonecrosis with higher sensitivity and specificity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.84 [95% CI 0.84-0.99]; sensitivity/specificity 82%/75%; cutoff value ≤ 72,420 pg/mL) than osteopontin, MMP-2 and VEGF-C when taken alone. The combination of MMP-9 and VEGF-C further increased the discriminating accuracy. <b>Conclusions</b>: The osteopontin-MMPs-VEGF axis is dysregulated in Gaucher disease patients with osteonecrosis. The combination of MMP-9 and VEGF-C circulating levels may serve to identify Gaucher disease patients at risk of osteonecrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary Metabolomics in Patients with Long COVID-19 Infection.","authors":"Luiz Machado, Robson Prudente, Estefânia Franco, Mariana Gatto, Gustavo Mota, Luana Pagan, Luís Brizola, Maércio Dos Santos, Thulio Cunha, Robinson Sabino-Silva, Luiz Goulart, Mario Martins, Paula Santos, Larissa Maia, André Albuquerque, Eloara Ferreira, Bruno Baldi, Marina Okoshi, Suzana Tanni","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110598","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Long COVID-19 has been characterized by the presence of symptoms lasting longer than 4 weeks after the acute infection. The pathophysiology of clinical manifestations still lacks knowledge. <b>Objective:</b> The objective of this paper was to evaluate metabolite abundance in the saliva of long COVID patients 60 days after hospital discharge. <b>Methods:</b> A convenience sample was composed of 30 post-discharge patients with long COVID and seven non-COVID-19 controls. All COVID-19 patients were evaluated by demographic characteristics, spirometry, 6 min walk test (6mWT), Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and body composition. Metabolomics was performed on saliva. <b>Results:</b> The long COVID-19 patients were 60.4 ± 14.3 years-old, and 66% male. Their lean body mass was 30.7 ± 7.3 kg and fat mass, 34.4 ± 13.7 kg. Spirometry evaluation showed forced vital capacity (FVC) of 3.84 ± 0.97 L with 96.0 ± 14.0% of the predicted value, and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁) of 3.11 ± 0.83 L with 98.0 ± 16.0 of the predicted value. The long COVID-19 patients had reduced maximal inspiratory (90.1 ± 31.6 cmH₂O) and maximal expiratory (97.3 ± 31.0 cmH₂O) pressures. SGRQ showed domain symptoms of 32.3 ± 15.2, domain activities of 41.9 ± 25.6, and domain impact 13.7 ± 11.4, with a mean of 24.3 ± 14.9%. Physical capacity measured by distance covered in the 6mWT was 418.2 ± 130 m with a 73.3% (22.3-98.1) predictive value. The control group consisted of 44.1 ± 10.7-year-old men with a body mass index of 26.5 ± 1.66 Kg/m². Metabolomics revealed 19 differentially expressed metabolites; expression was lower in 16 metabolites, and 2 metabolites were absent in the COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Calenduloside G methyl ester (<i>p</i> = 0.03), Gly Pro Lys (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), and creatine (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) expressions were lower in patients than controls. <b>Conclusions:</b> Long COVID-19 patients present less abundance of calenduloside G methyl ester, Gly Pro Lys, and creatine in saliva than healthy controls. Lower creatine abundance may be related to reduced physical capacity and fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Chemerin in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer.","authors":"Adam Mylonakis, Maximos Frountzas, Irene Lidoriki, Alexandros Kozadinos, Areti Kalfoutzou, Eva Karanikki, Iliana Tsikrikou, Maria Kyriakidou, Dimitrios Theodorou, Konstantinos G Toutouzas, Dimitrios Schizas","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110599","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Chemerin, which is a multifunctional cytokine and adipokine, has been implicated in inflammatory and metabolic processes and might play a role in upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies, particularly gastric and esophageal cancer. The aim of this review is to explore the role of chemerin in the pathophysiology of upper GI cancers, as well as its potential as a biomarker for early detection and as a therapeutic target. <b>Methods</b>: A comprehensive review of recent studies about chemerin's biochemical properties and interaction with its receptors, as well as its effects on inflammatory responses, immune regulation, and metabolic processes, was conducted. The clinical implications of chemerin for gastric and esophageal cancer were analyzed, whereas the potential therapeutic strategies targeting chemerin were discussed. <b>Results</b>: Elevated chemerin levels are associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer and promote invasiveness and metastasis in esophageal cancer. Chemerin receptor antagonists show promising results in inhibiting cancer cell migration, invasion, and progression. <b>Conclusions</b>: Chemerin could represent a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for upper GI cancers. Future observational studies should validate its clinical applications and investigate the efficacy of chemerin inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Lipid Metabolism in Dyslipidemias and Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Miodrag Janić, Shizuya Yamashita, Ta-Chen Su, Manfredi Rizzo","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110596","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a major burden of morbidity and, despite recent therapeutic advances, is the leading cause of mortality worldwide [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Secondary Metabolites by Multi-Omics Methods.","authors":"Xin Fang","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110597","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant natural products, also known as plant specialized metabolites (SMs) due to their lineage-specific distribution, are small molecules synthesized by plants to adapt to changing environments [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}