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Isolation and Identification of Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria in the Rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia on the Loess Plateau and Verification of Phosphate Solubilization Capacity. 黄土高原刺槐根瘤中磷酸盐溶解细菌的分离鉴定及磷酸盐溶解能力的验证
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME24001
Wenrui Zhang, Yuhao Zhou, Jingru Jia, Yinjun Lu, Haoqiang Zhang
{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria in the Rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia on the Loess Plateau and Verification of Phosphate Solubilization Capacity.","authors":"Wenrui Zhang, Yuhao Zhou, Jingru Jia, Yinjun Lu, Haoqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24001","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Loess Plateau is one of the key areas for soil and water erosion control in China. Planting vegetation, such as Robinia pseudoacacia, is one of the mainstream methods to prevent soil and water erosion. However, the combination of abundant calcium ions and phosphate in the soil of the Loess Plateau limits the phosphorus nutrition of plants. In the present study, soil samples were collected under the R. pseudoacacia forest, from which two PSB strains with efficient phosphate solubilization capacities, named PSB2 and PSB7, were isolated and screened. The dissolved phosphate concentrations of their culture media were 9.68-fold and 11.61-fold higher, respectively, than that of the control group. After identification, PSB2 was classified as Pseudomonas and PSB7 as Inquilinus. This is the first time that Inquilinus has been isolated as a PSB from calcareous soil in the Loess Plateau. We then investigated the effects of different growth conditions on their phosphate solubilization capacities. Both strains effectively utilized glucose and ammonium nitrogen while maintaining high phosphate solubilization efficiency. In addition, PSB2 preferred to survive under neutral conditions and PSB7 under acidic conditions. Pot experiments indicated that the inoculation with PSB7 significantly increased the phosphorus content in the roots of R. pseudoacacia. These results imply the potential of this PSB as a phosphorus biofertilizer for R. pseudoacacia, which may be beneficial for soil and water management on the Loess Plateau.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Potential Indicator Gene, tetM, to Assess Contamination by Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Greenhouses in South Korea. 一种评估韩国温室中抗生素抗性基因污染的潜在指示基因tetM。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME24053
Seunggyun Han, Raan Shin, Song-Hee Ryu, Tatsuya Unno, Hor-Gil Hur, Hanseob Shin
{"title":"A Potential Indicator Gene, tetM, to Assess Contamination by Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Greenhouses in South Korea.","authors":"Seunggyun Han, Raan Shin, Song-Hee Ryu, Tatsuya Unno, Hor-Gil Hur, Hanseob Shin","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24053","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been emerging as a concerning threat to both environment and public health. The continuous input of manure, irrigation water, and fertilizers increases the abundance of ARGs in agricultural environments. However, current risk assessments have focused on clinical settings, which are not applicable to environmental settings. Therefore, we herein aimed to identify and assess indicator genes to reduce the time and effort required for ARG surveillance. A nationwide ana-lysis of 322 ARGs and 58 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) was performed on 42 greenhouse and 19 control soil samples. The chemical properties and pH of soil were also investigated to characterize differences between greenhouse and control soil samples. The results obtained showed that the abundance of ARGS was significantly higher and ion concentrations were higher in greenhouse samples than in control samples. These results indicate that agricultural activities increased the abundance of ARGs. Furthermore, the abundance of core genes was significantly higher in greenhouse samples than in control samples, and the chemical characteristics of soil significantly differed between these samples. Among the discriminatory genes selected, tetM was identified as an ARG surveillance indicator gene based on its clinical relevance, prevalence in the soil resistome, and relationship with mobile genetic elements. The present results will contribute to the continuous and rapid surveillance of antibiotic resistance dissemination and proliferation in greenhouses in South Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isolation of a Moderately Acidophilic Nitrobacter from a Nitrifying Community Supplied with Urea. 从供应尿素的硝化细菌群落中分离出中等嗜酸性硝化细菌
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME24027
Yuta Endo, Hirotsugu Fujitani, Ayano Kaneko, Takuya Ninomiya, Chiharu Umezawa, Megumi Kuroiwa, Yuichi Suwa
{"title":"Isolation of a Moderately Acidophilic Nitrobacter from a Nitrifying Community Supplied with Urea.","authors":"Yuta Endo, Hirotsugu Fujitani, Ayano Kaneko, Takuya Ninomiya, Chiharu Umezawa, Megumi Kuroiwa, Yuichi Suwa","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24027","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), which perform the second step of aerobic nitrification, play an important role in soil. In the present study, we report a novel isolate from agricultural soil affiliated with the genus Nitrobacter and its physiological characteristics. We sampled the surface soil of a vegetable field and obtained mixed culture A31 using the most probable number (MPN) method with inorganic medium containing 0.75‍ ‍mM urea (pH 5.5). The dilution-extinction procedure on culture A31 led to the isolation of a strain that was designated as Nitrobacter sp. A67. The nxrB1 gene sequence of Nitrobacter sp. A67 (302 bp) was classified into Cluster 5, and the highest sequence identity was 96.10% with Nitrobacter sp. BS5/19. The NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> oxidation activity of Nitrobacter sp. A67 was investigated at various pH. The optimum pH for NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> oxidation was 5.8-6.4. This result indicates that Nitrobacter sp. A67 is a moderately acidophilic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Morchella Effectively Removes Microcystins Produced by Microcystis aeruginosa. Morchella 能有效去除铜绿微囊藻产生的微囊藻毒素。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME23101
Xinchao Meng, Meihan Ban, Zhaoyang Wu, Lilong Huang, Zicheng Wang, Yunqing Cheng
{"title":"Morchella Effectively Removes Microcystins Produced by Microcystis aeruginosa.","authors":"Xinchao Meng, Meihan Ban, Zhaoyang Wu, Lilong Huang, Zicheng Wang, Yunqing Cheng","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME23101","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME23101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcystins (MCs) produced by Microcystis aeruginosa are harmful to animal and human health, and there is currently no effective method for their removal. Therefore, the development of biological approaches that inhibit cyanobacteria and remove MCs is needed. We identified strain MB1, confirmed as Morchella, using morphological and mole-cular evolution methods. To assess the impact of strain MB1 on M. aeruginosa, we conducted an experiment in which we inoculated M. aeruginosa with Morchella strain MB1. After their co-cultivation for 4‍ ‍d, the inoculation with 0.9696‍ ‍g MB1 completely inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa while concurrently removing up to 95% of the MC content. Moreover, within 3‍ ‍d of their co-cultivation, MB1 removed more than 50% of nitrogen and phosphorus from the M. aeruginosa solution. Therefore, the development of effective biological techniques for MC removal is paramount in safeguarding both the environment and human well-being. We herein successfully isolated MB1 from its natural habitat. This strain effectively inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa and also reduced the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the M. aeruginosa solution. Most importantly, it exhibited a robust capability to eliminate MCs. The present results offer a new method and technical reference for mitigating harmful algal blooms.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11220450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gustatory Responsiveness of Honey Bees Colonized with a Defined or Conventional Gut Microbiota. 定植了确定的或常规肠道微生物群的蜜蜂的食欲反应。
IF 2.2 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME23081
Shota Suenami, Masato Sato, Ryo Miyazaki
{"title":"Gustatory Responsiveness of Honey Bees Colonized with a Defined or Conventional Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Shota Suenami, Masato Sato, Ryo Miyazaki","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME23081","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME23081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gut microbes have many beneficial functions for host animals, such as food digestion and development of the immune system. An increasing number of studies report that gut bacteria also affect host neural function and behavior. The sucrose responsiveness of the western honey bee Apis mellifera, which harbors a characteristic gut microbiota, was recently reported to be increased by the presence of gut microbes. However, this responsiveness may vary depending on the experimental design, as animal behavior may be modulated by physiological states and environmental conditions. To evaluate the robustness of the effects of the gut microbiota on host gustatory responsiveness, we herein examined the sucrose responsiveness of honey bees colonized with a defined bacterial community or a conventional gut microbiota extracted from a field-collected bee. Although colonization was experimentally verified, sucrose responsiveness did not significantly differ among treatments after the 2- or 5-h starvation period. We concluded that the sucrose responsiveness of A. mellifera is not always affected by its gut microbiota. Therefore, host physiological conditions and environmental factors need to be considered when evaluating the impact of the gut microbiota on host neural function and behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10982108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quest for Nitrous Oxide-reducing Bacteria Present in an Anammox Biofilm Fed with Nitrous Oxide. 寻找以氧化亚氮为燃料的 Anammox 生物膜中的氧化亚氮还原菌。
IF 2.2 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME23106
Kohei Oba, Toshikazu Suenaga, Shohei Yasuda, Megumi Kuroiwa, Tomoyuki Hori, Susanne Lackner, Akihiko Terada
{"title":"Quest for Nitrous Oxide-reducing Bacteria Present in an Anammox Biofilm Fed with Nitrous Oxide.","authors":"Kohei Oba, Toshikazu Suenaga, Shohei Yasuda, Megumi Kuroiwa, Tomoyuki Hori, Susanne Lackner, Akihiko Terada","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME23106","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME23106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>N<sub>2</sub>O-reducing bacteria have been examined and harnessed to develop technologies that reduce the emission of N<sub>2</sub>O, a greenhouse gas produced by biological nitrogen removal. Recent investigations using omics and physiological activity approaches have revealed the ecophysiologies of these bacteria during nitrogen removal. Nevertheless, their involvement in‍ ‍anammox processes remain unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated the identity, genetic potential, and activity‍ ‍of N<sub>2</sub>O reducers in an anammox reactor. We hypothesized that N<sub>2</sub>O is limiting for N<sub>2</sub>O-reducing bacteria‍ ‍and an‍ ‍exogeneous N<sub>2</sub>O supply enriches as-yet-uncultured N<sub>2</sub>O-reducing bacteria. We conducted a 1200-day incubation of N<sub>2</sub>O-reducing bacteria in an anammox consortium using gas-permeable membrane biofilm reactors (MBfRs), which efficiently supply N<sub>2</sub>O in a bubbleless form directly to a biofilm grown on a gas-permeable membrane. A <sup>15</sup>N tracer test indicated that the supply of N<sub>2</sub>O resulted in an enriched biomass with a higher N<sub>2</sub>O sink potential. Quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed Clade II nosZ type-carrying N<sub>2</sub>O-reducing bacteria as protagonists of N<sub>2</sub>O sinks. Shotgun metagenomics showed the genetic potentials of the predominant Clade II nosZ-carrying bacteria, Anaerolineae and Ignavibacteria in MBfRs. Gemmatimonadota and non-anammox Planctomycetota increased their abundance in MBfRs despite their overall lower abundance. The implication of N<sub>2</sub>O as an inhibitory compound scavenging vitamin B12, which is essential for the synthesis of methionine, suggested its limited suppressive effect on the growth of B12-dependent bacteria, including N<sub>2</sub>O reducers. We identified Dehalococcoidia and Clostridia as predominant N<sub>2</sub>O sinks in an anammox consortium fed exogenous N<sub>2</sub>O because of the higher metabolic potential of vitamin B12-dependent biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10982107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Highly Reduced Complementary Genomes of Dual Bacterial Symbionts in the Mulberry Psyllid Anomoneura mori. 桑蚜 Anomoneura mori 中双重细菌共生体基因组的高度还原互补性。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME24041
Yuka Yasuda, Hiromitsu Inoue, Yuu Hirose, Atsushi Nakabachi
{"title":"Highly Reduced Complementary Genomes of Dual Bacterial Symbionts in the Mulberry Psyllid Anomoneura mori.","authors":"Yuka Yasuda, Hiromitsu Inoue, Yuu Hirose, Atsushi Nakabachi","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24041","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genomes of obligately host-restricted bacteria suffer from accumulating mildly deleterious mutations, resulting in marked size reductions. Psyllids (Hemiptera) are phloem sap-sucking insects with a specialized organ called the bacteriome, which typically harbors two vertically transmitted bacterial symbionts: the primary symbiont \"Candidatus Carsonella ruddii\" (Gammaproteobacteria) and a secondary symbiont that is phylogenetically diverse among psyllid lineages. The genomes of several Carsonella lineages were revealed to be markedly reduced (158-174‍ ‍kb), AT-rich (14.0-17.9% GC), and structurally conserved with similar gene inventories devoted to synthesizing essential amino acids that are scarce in the phloem sap. However, limited genomic information is currently available on secondary symbionts. Therefore, the present study investigated the genomes of the bacteriome-associated dual symbionts, Secondary_AM (Gammaproteobacteria) and Carsonella_AM, in the mulberry psyllid Anomoneura mori (Psyllidae). The results obtained revealed that the Secondary_AM genome is as small and AT-rich (229,822 bp, 17.3% GC) as those of Carsonella lineages, including Carsonella_AM (169,120 bp, 16.2% GC), implying that Secondary_AM is an evolutionarily ancient obligate mutualist, as is Carsonella. Phylogenomic ana-lyses showed that Secondary_AM is sister to \"Candidatus Psyllophila symbiotica\" of Cacopsylla spp. (Psyllidae), the genomes of which were recently reported (221-237‍ ‍kb, 17.3-18.6% GC). The Secondary_AM and Psyllophila genomes showed highly conserved synteny, sharing all genes for complementing the incomplete tryptophan biosynthetic pathway of Carsonella and those for synthesizing B vitamins. However, sulfur assimilation and carotenoid-synthesizing genes were only retained in Secondary_AM and Psyllophila, respectively, indicating ongoing gene silencing. Average nucleotide identity, gene ortholog similarity, genome-wide synteny, and substitution rates suggest that the Secondary_AM/Psyllophila genomes are more labile than Carsonella genomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of Genomic Epidemiology of Pathogens to Farmed Yellowtail Fish Mycobacteriosis in Kyushu, Japan. 病原体基因组流行病学在日本九州养殖大黄鱼分枝杆菌病中的应用。
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME24011
Takayuki Wada, Shiomi Yoshida, Takeshi Yamamoto, Lisa Nonaka, Yukari Fukushima, Chie Nakajima, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Masayuki Imajoh
{"title":"Application of Genomic Epidemiology of Pathogens to Farmed Yellowtail Fish Mycobacteriosis in Kyushu, Japan.","authors":"Takayuki Wada, Shiomi Yoshida, Takeshi Yamamoto, Lisa Nonaka, Yukari Fukushima, Chie Nakajima, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Masayuki Imajoh","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24011","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate mycobacterial cases of farmed yellowtail fish in coastal areas of western Japan (Kagoshima, Kyushu), where aquaculture fisheries are active, Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii, the causative agent, was isolated from six neighboring fishing ports in 2012 and 2013. A phylogenetic ana-lysis revealed that the strains isolated from one fishing port were closely related to those isolated from other regions of Japan, suggesting the nationwide spread of a single strain. However, strains from Japan were phylogenetically distinct from those from the Mediterranean and the United States; therefore, worldwide transmission was not observed based on the limited data obtained on the strains exami-ned in this study. The present results demonstrate that a bacterial genomic ana-lysis of infected cases, a mole-cular epidemiology strategy for public health, provides useful data for estimating the prevalence and transmission pathways of M. pseudoshottsii in farmed fish. A bacterial genome ana-lysis of strains, such as that performed herein, may play an important role in monitoring the prevalence of this pathogen in fish farms and possible epidemics in the future as a result of international traffic, logistics, and trade in fisheries.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11220446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Soil Antagonism against the White Root Rot Fungus Rosellinia necatrix and Pathogen Mycosphere Communities in Biochar-amended Soil. 生物炭改良土壤对白根腐菌rossellinia necatrix和病原菌球群落拮抗作用的评价
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME24060
Yong Guo, Sachie Horii, Satoko Kanematsu
{"title":"Evaluation of Soil Antagonism against the White Root Rot Fungus Rosellinia necatrix and Pathogen Mycosphere Communities in Biochar-amended Soil.","authors":"Yong Guo, Sachie Horii, Satoko Kanematsu","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24060","DOIUrl":"10.1264/jsme2.ME24060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White root rot disease caused by Rosellinia necatrix is a growing issue in orchards, and biochar pyrolyzed from the pruned branch residues of fruit trees has potential as a soil amendment agent with a number of benefits, such as long-term carbon sequestration. However, the effects of pruned branch biochar on white root rot disease remain unclear. Therefore, we compared direct antagonism against R. necatrix between soils with and without pruned pear branch biochar using a toothpick method and then linked soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities with soil antagonism. The results obtained showed that soil antagonism against the pathogen, that is, the extinction zone of R. necatrix in mycelial toothpicks, decreased in soils amended with 20% (v/v) pruned branch biochar. Soil pH was neutralized and aeration was promoted by the biochar amendment, which may be favorable for pathogen growth. An investigation of microbial communities surrounding R. necatrix mycelia indicated that antagonistic fungi affiliated with Chaetomiaceae and Trichoderma were selectively excluded from the mycosphere community in biochar-amended soil. Therefore, the enrichment of these indigenous antagonistic fungi may be important for controlling R. necatrix. Based on the present results, we do not recommend the application of pruned branch biochar to the soil area associated with the roots of fruit trees in order to avoid increasing the risk of white root rot in orchards.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"39 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insights into Antifungal Mechanisms of Bacillus velezensis S141 against Cercospora Leaf Spot in Mungbean (V. radiata). 绿芽孢杆菌S141对绿豆麻孢叶斑病的抑菌机制研究
IF 2.2 4区 环境科学与生态学
Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME22079
Pongpan Songwattana, Pakpoom Boonchuen, Pongdet Piromyou, Jenjira Wongdee, Teerana Greetatorn, Sukanya Inthaisong, Piyada Alisha Tantasawat, Kamonluck Teamtisong, Panlada Tittabutr, Nantakorn Boonkerd, Neung Teaumroong
{"title":"Insights into Antifungal Mechanisms of Bacillus velezensis S141 against Cercospora Leaf Spot in Mungbean (V. radiata).","authors":"Pongpan Songwattana,&nbsp;Pakpoom Boonchuen,&nbsp;Pongdet Piromyou,&nbsp;Jenjira Wongdee,&nbsp;Teerana Greetatorn,&nbsp;Sukanya Inthaisong,&nbsp;Piyada Alisha Tantasawat,&nbsp;Kamonluck Teamtisong,&nbsp;Panlada Tittabutr,&nbsp;Nantakorn Boonkerd,&nbsp;Neung Teaumroong","doi":"10.1264/jsme2.ME22079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME22079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) is caused by Cercospora canescens and is one of the most important diseases of mungbean (Vigna radiata). Cercospora leaf spot may result in economic loss in production areas. The present study investigated the potential of Bacillus velezensis S141 as a biocontrol agent for C. canescens PAK1 growth on culture plates. Cell-free secretions from a dual culture of S141+PAK1 inhibited fungal growth more than those from a single culture of S141. The biocontrol efficiency of S141 against Cercospora leaf spot on mungbean was then evaluated by spraying. The disease severity of Cercospora leaf spot was significantly reduced in plants treated with S141, with a control efficiency of 83% after 2 days of infection. Comparative transcriptomics and qRT-PCR ana-lyses of S141 during C. canescens inhibition were performed to elucidate the antifungal mechanisms underlying its antifungal activity against Cercospora leaf spot. According to the differentially expressed genes, most up-regulated genes involved in the biosynthetic genes encoding enzymatic hydrolases, including protease, β-glucanase, and N-acyl glucosaminase, were detected in strain S141 following its interaction. Moreover, genes related to secondary metabolites (surfactin, bacilysin, and bacillomycin D) were up-regulated. Collectively, these results suggest that S141 exhibited strong antifungal activity against C. canescens due to multiple enzymatic hydrolases and secondary metabolites. Therefore, the present study provides insights into the biological network responsible for the antifungal activity of B. velezensis S141 against C. canescens.</p>","PeriodicalId":18482,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Environments","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10037098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9365129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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