Medical History最新文献_第4页

Spanish-French leech trade and its consequences: From the increase in medical demand to resource depletion and technical innovation. 西班牙-法国水蛭贸易及其后果：从医疗需求增长到资源枯竭和技术创新。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.5

Damián Copena, María Gómez-Martín

引用次数: 0

The power of the 'universal': caste and missionary medical discourses of alcoholism in the Telugu print sphere, 1900-1940. “普世”的力量：1900-1940年泰卢固语印刷界关于酗酒的种姓和传教士医学论述。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.30

Tarangini Sriraman

{"title":"The power of the 'universal': caste and missionary medical discourses of alcoholism in the Telugu print sphere, 1900-1940.","authors":"Tarangini Sriraman","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2023.30","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2023.30","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores missionary medical discourses in three Telugu journals published in the early twentieth century, to analyse how caste pivoted denunciations of alcohol, especially toddy and arrack, in the Madras Presidency and the Hyderabad state. It argues that one women's missionary journal, Vivekavathi, deployed medical knowledge to formulate subtle and occasionally explicit condemnations of toddy and arrack as unclean and unhealthy substances. The journal relied on universal medical and missionary, British and American knowledge frameworks to mark out Dalits and other marginalised castes as consumers of these local beverages. This stigma was conjured through medical narratives of marginalised castes as lacking in the knowledge of alcohol's relation to digestion, toddy's role in ruining maternal and child nutrition, the unhygienic environment of arrack shops and their propensity to 'alcoholism'. However, this article also traces counter-caste voices who too invoked 'the power of the universal' to dispel caste stigma against marginalised castes. While both sets of voices deployed medical 'enslavement' to alcohol as an interpretive move, they differed in their social imperatives and political imaginaries, defined in caste terms. This article explores a third set of implications of the term 'universal' by analysing global medico-missionary narratives of alcohol in two other Telugu journals. On a methodological plane, this article also pushes for a hybrid reading of what counts for 'scientific instruction', where hymns, catechisms, parables and allegories are considered alongside conventional scientific experiments. In that sense, it upholds vernacular missionary publications as an invaluable resource for the social history of medicine.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":"67 4","pages":"324-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10593978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41204548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Work, marriage and premature birth: the socio-medicalisation of pregnancy in state socialist East-Central Europe. 工作、婚姻和早产：东欧国家社会主义国家对怀孕的社会医学化。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.28

Kateřina Lišková, Natalia Jarska, Annina Gagyiova, José Luis Aguilar López-Barajas, Šárka Caitlín Rábová

引用次数: 0

Trained Army Nurses in Colonial India: Early Experiences and Challenges. 殖民地印度训练有素的陆军护士：早期经验和挑战。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.31

Preethi Mariam George, John Bosco Lourdusamy

{"title":"Trained Army Nurses in Colonial India: Early Experiences and Challenges.","authors":"Preethi Mariam George, John Bosco Lourdusamy","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2023.31","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2023.31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper examines the introduction of trained female nurses for the British army men in colonial India between 1888 and 1920. It discusses the genesis of the Indian Nursing Service (INS), including the background and negotiations leading up to its formation, terms of employment, duties and working conditions of the nursing sisters. The memoir of Catharine Grace Loch, who served as the first Chief Lady Superintendent of the service is used extensively to trace the early experiences and challenges of the nursing sisters. The paper primarily argues that the INS being a new service, the colonial government maintained tight control over its functioning, and extreme conservatism in spending, thus retarding the growth of professional army nursing in India. Secondly, in examining the relations between the sisters and the (male) nursing orderlies, sub-medical and medical officers, the paper argues that the inadequate delineation of the nursing sisters’ position in the military medical hierarchy was an important reason for the undermining of their expertise and status. Thirdly, the paper contends that as an all-women service, nursing constituted an important avenue of female agency within the patriarchal colonial establishment, which subjected the sisters to scrutiny both professionally and socially. The paper analyses the resultant conditions and regulations imposed on the sisters – most of them determined by gender and class notions. Finally, the paper discusses the gradual establishment and recognition of the service as an important cornerstone for the health of the army, while highlighting the shortcomings that yet persisted up until 1920.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":"67 4","pages":"347-364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10616692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41204549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MDH volume 67 issue 4 Cover and Front matter. MDH第67卷第4期封面和封面。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.34

引用次数: 0

Syphilis, blanchiment and French colonial medicine in sub-Saharan Africa during the interwar period. 两次世界大战期间撒哈拉以南非洲的梅毒、白热病和法国殖民医学。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.29

Guillaume Linte

{"title":"Syphilis, blanchiment and French colonial medicine in sub-Saharan Africa during the interwar period.","authors":"Guillaume Linte","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2023.29","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"During the interwar period, France put unprecedented efforts into public health measures targeting the colonised populations of sub-Saharan Africa. This investment in health was seen as crucial to ensuring the renewal of the African labour force needed for the economic development of the colonies. Syphilis, although less deadly than other endemic or epidemic diseases such as yellow fever, sleeping sickness and bubonic plague, was one of the most widespread infections in France's sub-Saharan colonies. This article demonstrates the contradictory nature of the colonial medicine approach to this disease during the interwar years. The negative impact of syphilis on population growth in Africa made it a major threat to the colonial project, and France put significant, costly investment into tackling the disease, focusing its efforts on maternal and child health. However, a closer look at syphilis control in sub-Saharan Africa reveals that the disease was also minimised as a public health issue, under-resourced and downplayed by colonial doctors and administrators. This neglect was embodied in the invention of a new colonial disease, 'exotic syphilis', which was presented as being a relatively benign skin disease among the African populations. It was also reflected in care practices, via a form of mass medicine based on the use of blanchiment, which consisted of knowingly limiting treatment to a superficial effect.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":"67 4","pages":"307-323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10616694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41204547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ways of knowing the health of livestock populations: the age of surveys, 1928-65. 了解牲畜健康状况的方法：调查时代，1928-65 年。

IF 0.9 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.20

Abigail Woods

{"title":"Ways of knowing the health of livestock populations: the age of surveys, 1928-65.","authors":"Abigail Woods","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2023.20","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2023.20","url":null,"abstract":"This article advances historical understandings of health, veterinary medicine and livestock agriculture by examining how, in mid-twentieth-century Britain, the diseases of livestock were made collectively knowable. During this period, the state extended its gaze beyond a few, highly impactful notifiable diseases to a host of other threats to livestock health. The prime mechanism through which this was achieved was the disease survey. Paralleling wider developments in survey practices, it grew from small interwar beginnings into a hugely expensive, wide-ranging state veterinary project that created a new conception of the nation's livestock as a geographical aggregation of animals in varying states of health. This article traces the disease survey's entanglements with dairy cows, farming practices, veterinary professional politics and government agendas. It shows that far from a neutral reflection of reality, surveys both represented and perpetuated specific versions of dairy cow health, varieties of farming practice and visions of the veterinary professional role. At first, their findings proved influential, but over time they found it harder to discipline their increasingly complex human, animal and disease subjects, resulting in unconvincing representations of reality that led ultimately to their marginalization.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":"67 3","pages":"193-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10482576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10184334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Heart of the Hippocratic Corpus: its meaning, context and purpose. 论希波克拉底语料库的核心:它的意义、语境和目的。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.22

Ryan C Fowler

{"title":"On the Heart of the Hippocratic Corpus: its meaning, context and purpose.","authors":"Ryan C Fowler","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2023.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2023.22","url":null,"abstract":"Though the Hippocratic text On the Heart has garnered significant attention in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries from classicists, physicians and historians of medicine alike, no commentary on this important work currently exists. There remain, however, central questions of interpretation concerning a number of important points: in particular, how the author understands the structure and functioning of the heart.The significance of this text for the history of cardiovascular medicine can be found first in its position as being radically advanced in its portrayal of the inner structure of the heart when compared with any other Hippocratic text. At the same time, the text falls dramatically short of the discoveries of the Alexandrian researchers who studied during the Hellenistic period-that is, around the same period as this text's likely composition. In addition, this work contains the first extant description of the valves of the heart, and its detailed descriptions of a cuspid valve and the chordae tendineae have led several scholars to imagine that this text even contains evidence of either a systematic dissection of an animal heart or-what seems impossible outside of Alexandria, Egypt at that time-evidence of the dissection of a human heart.This article intends to provide a full commentary on the text by consolidating, and in some cases correcting, previous interpretive attempts to understand an often referenced, and at times misinterpreted, ancient medical treatise.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":"67 3","pages":"266-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10482573/pdf/S0025727323000224a.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10176702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MDH volume 67 issue 3 Cover and Front matter. MDH第67卷第3期封面和封面问题。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.33

引用次数: 0

The 'new era in medicine': John Ryle and the promotion of social medicine. “医学的新时代”:约翰·赖尔和社会医学的推广。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.21

John Stewart

引用次数: 0