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Climate, diseases and medicine: the welfare of soldiers during the East Asian War of 1592–1598 气候、疾病和医学：1592-1598 年东亚战争期间士兵的福利

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.8

Baihui Duan

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引用次数: 0

The expansion of medical education in the Dutch East Indies and the formation of the Indonesian medical profession 荷属东印度群岛医学教育的扩展和印度尼西亚医学界的形成

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.11

Hans Pols

{"title":"The expansion of medical education in the Dutch East Indies and the formation of the Indonesian medical profession","authors":"Hans Pols","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2024.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2024.11","url":null,"abstract":"In 1851, the colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies established a two-year program to educate young Javanese men to become vaccinators in Batavia (today’s Jakarta). During the following sixty years, the medical curriculum was expanded several times; in 1913, it consisted of a ten-year program. In 1927, the Batavia Medical School, granting degrees equivalent to those of Dutch university-affiliated medical schools, commenced operations. Consequently, a steadily increasing number of Indonesian physicians with various credentials were employed by the colonial health service, plantations, sugar factories and mines, or established private practices. They became a social group that occupied an ambiguous and even paradoxical position somewhere between Europeans and the indigenous population. During the 1910s, this inspired these physicians to obtain credentials and professional recognition equal to those of their European colleagues. Several of them became active in journalism, politics and social movements. During the 1920s, several became radicalised and criticised the nature of colonial society. In the 1930s, following the increasingly repressive nature of colonial society, most of them remained active in the public sphere while a small group dedicated itself to improving medical research and health care. After the transfer of sovereignty from the Netherlands to Indonesia on 27 December 1949, this small cadre reestablished medical education and health care, and built the Indonesian medical profession.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140588188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Professors of racial medicine: imperialism and race in nineteenth-century United States medical schools. 种族医学教授：十九世纪美国医学院的帝国主义与种族。

IF 0.9 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.9

Christopher D E Willoughby

引用次数: 0

Marginalised within a minority: Jews with disabilities in the Jewish press of the Kingdom of Poland (1860s–1914) 在少数群体中被边缘化：波兰王国犹太报刊中的残疾犹太人（19 世纪 60 年代至 1914 年）

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.35

Maria Antosik-Piela, Aleksandra Oniszczuk

引用次数: 0

Commercialising everyday distress: neurasthenia and traditional Chinese medicine in colonial Hong Kong, 1950s to 1980s 将日常困扰商业化：20 世纪 50 年代至 80 年代殖民地时期香港的神经衰弱与传统中医药

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.7

Kelvin Chan

引用次数: 0

Thorny entanglements: feminism, eugenics and the Abortion Law Reform Association's (ALRA) campaign for safe, accessible abortion in Britain, 1936-1967. 棘手的纠葛：女权主义、优生学与堕胎法改革协会 (ALRA) 为英国安全、方便的堕胎而发起的运动，1936-1967 年。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.4

Susanne Maria Klausen

{"title":"Thorny entanglements: feminism, eugenics and the Abortion Law Reform Association's (ALRA) campaign for safe, accessible abortion in Britain, 1936-1967.","authors":"Susanne Maria Klausen","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2024.4","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2024.4","url":null,"abstract":"For the past two decades anti-abortionists in the Global North have been aggressively instrumentalising disability in order to undermine women's social autonomy, asserting, falsely, there is an insuperable conflict between disability rights and reproductive rights. The utilisation of disability in struggles over abortion access is not new, it has a history dating back to the interwar era. Indeed, decades before anti-abortionists' campaign, feminists invoked disability to expand access to safe abortion. This paper examines the feminist eugenics in the first organisation dedicated to liberalising restrictive abortion laws, the Abortion Law Reform Association (ALRA), established in England in 1936. ALRA played a vital role in the passage of the Abortion Act 1967 (or the Act) that greatly expanded the grounds for legal abortion, a hugely important gain for women in Britain and beyond seeking legal, safe abortions. In addition, the Act permitted eugenic abortion, which also had transnational effects: within a decade, jurisdictions in numerous Commonwealth countries passed abortion laws that incorporated the Act's eugenics clause, sometimes verbatim. This essay analyses ALRA's role in codifying eugenics in the Abortion Act 1967 and argues that from the outset, ALRA was simultaneously a feminist and eugenist association. Initially, ALRA prioritized their feminist commitment to 'voluntary motherhood' in their campaign whereas starting in the 1940s, they subordinated feminism to negative eugenics, a shift that was simultaneously strategic and a reflection of genuine concern to prevent the birth of children with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"86-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11046009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MDH volume 68 issue 1 Cover and Front matter. MDH 第 68 卷第 1 期封面和封底。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.16

引用次数: 0

Smallpox Geographies: vaccination, borders and Indigenous peoples in Australia's coastal north. 天花地理：澳大利亚北部沿海地区的疫苗接种、边界和土著居民。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.39

Chi Chi Huang, Alison Bashford

{"title":"Smallpox Geographies: vaccination, borders and Indigenous peoples in Australia's coastal north.","authors":"Chi Chi Huang, Alison Bashford","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2023.39","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2023.39","url":null,"abstract":"Australia's approach to its biosecurity and borders has always been two-pronged - quarantine first, vaccination second. This article asks what this combination looked like in practice by exploring two neglected smallpox vaccination campaigns directed towards Indigenous peoples in the early twentieth century. We argue these were important campaigns because they were the first two pre-emptive, rather than reactionary, vaccination programs directed towards First Nations people. Second, both episodes occurred in Australia's northern coastline, where the porous maritime geography and proximity to Southeast Asia posed a point of vulnerability for Australian health officials. While smallpox was never endemic, (though epidemic), in Australia, it was endemic at various times and places across Southeast Asia. This shifting spectre of smallpox along the northern coastline was made even more acute for state and federal health officials because of the existing polyethnic relationships, communities, and economies. By vaccinating Indigenous peoples in this smallpox geography, they were envisioned and embedded into a 'hygienic' border for the protection of white Australia, entwining the two-prongs as one approach. In this article, we place public health into a recent scholarship that has 'turned the map upside down' to re-spatialise Australia's history and geography to the north and its global connections, while demonstrating how particular coastlines and their connections were drawn into a national imaginary through a health lens.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"22-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11046008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

'A sad inheritance of misery': the cultural life of hereditary scrofula in eighteenth-century England. 悲惨的遗产"：十八世纪英格兰遗传性瘰疬的文化生活。

IF 1.4 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.37

Noelle Dückmann Gallagher

{"title":"'A sad inheritance of misery': the cultural life of hereditary scrofula in eighteenth-century England.","authors":"Noelle Dückmann Gallagher","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2023.37","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2023.37","url":null,"abstract":"This essay argues that scrofula was one of several disorders, including gout, rickets, and venereal disease, that were 'rebranded' as hereditary in response to broader cultural changes that took place during the Restoration and eighteenth century in England. While the purposes of scrofula's recategorisation were more political than medical, they resulted in this heretofore relatively obscure childhood ailment assuming a new prominence within both medical and popular discourses of the period. Scrofula became both emblem and proof of the links between sexual promiscuity, financial profligacy, and physiological degeneration, its symbolic status reinforced by the legal and moral language used to model processes of hereditary transmission. By likening the inheritance of scrofula to the inheritance of original sin-or, more commonly, to the inheritance of a 'docked entail' or damaged estate-eighteenth-century writers and artists not only made this non-inherited ailment into a sign of catastrophic hereditary decline; they also paved the way for scrofula to be identified as a disease of aristocratic vice, even though its association with crowded, unsanitary living conditions likely made it more common among the poor. By the same token, financial models of disease inheritance facilitated a bias toward paternal transmission, with scrofula often portrayed as passing, like a title or an estate, from father to son rather than from mother to daughter.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11046006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Work, marriage and premature birth: the sociomedicalisation of pregnancy in state socialist East-Central Europe - ERRATUM. 工作、婚姻与早产：东欧-中欧社会主义国家的怀孕社会医学化 - ERRATUM.

IF 0.9 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2024.1

Kateřina Lišková, Natalia Jarska, Annina Gagyiova, José Luis Aguilar López-Barajas, Šárka Caitlín Rábová

引用次数: 0