Medical History最新文献_第2页

Tracing the origins of Qigong fever: Mao Zedong, Jiang Weiqiao, quiet sitting, and the jingluo system, 1914-1958.

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10079

Shanshan Gao

引用次数: 0

From the traditional account to an 'off-centred history' of the mental hygiene movement: the question of the international (1908-1939) - CORRIGENDUM. 从传统的记述到精神卫生运动的“偏离中心的历史”：国际问题(1908-1939)-勘误。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10075

Hernán Scholten

引用次数: 0

Competing with the colonial scalpel: 'Peaceful atoms' in Cold War Taiwan. 与殖民手术刀竞争：冷战时期台湾的“和平原子”。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10070

Hsiu-Yun Wang

{"title":"Competing with the colonial scalpel: 'Peaceful atoms' in Cold War Taiwan.","authors":"Hsiu-Yun Wang","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2026.10070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2026.10070","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines competing treatments-surgery and radioactive iodine (RAI, I131)-for hyperthyroidism in the context of post-colonial Cold War nuclear science in Taiwan. Although the U.S.-led Cold War Atoms for Peace project pushed for the globalization of nuclear medicine, it had to compete with the Japanese colonial legacy in Taiwan (Republic of China). This government-in-exile embraced nuclear science and ushered in RAI with staged rituals. However, this modern procedure failed to overtake the surgical approach (thyroidectomy); in fact, as late as the 1990s, well after RAI had become a standard procedure throughout the world, surgery was still the major treatment option for this common disease in Taiwan. The tension between the global and the local is rooted in infrastructure as well as the materiality, regulation and availability of the Iodine 131 isotope, and, finally, the customary practice of the surgical tradition, established since the colonial period. Thyroid diseases, especially endemic goiter, were an important issue in colonial medicine, and the study, diagnosis, and treatments of thyroid diseases were an integral part of colonial surgeons' identity. Surgical clinics had been a fixture of institutional medicine throughout Taiwan by the mid-twentieth century. In contrast, with the exception of a few prestigious hospitals in Taipei such as the National Taiwan University Hospital, most medical institutions and clinicians were not equipped to use isotopes. The availability of I131 was also limited, as the nuclear reactor did not become active until the 1960s. The preference for surgery thus points to the significance of material and social conditions of medical practice in Taiwan, amid the backdrop of the haunting images of the atomic bombs dropped by the U.S. on nearby Japan which the Atoms for Peace Project had aimed to overcome.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148411910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global research on Unit 731 medical atrocities: from the 1950s to the 2020s. 731部队医疗暴行的全球研究：从1950年代到2020年代。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10062

Yan-Jun Yang, Alissa Wang

{"title":"Global research on Unit 731 medical atrocities: from the 1950s to the 2020s.","authors":"Yan-Jun Yang, Alissa Wang","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2026.10062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2026.10062","url":null,"abstract":"During World War II, the Japanese Kwantung Army's Unit 731 secretly conducted large-scale, inhumane, and unethical human experimentation in China, culminating in one of the most heinous medical atrocities, crimes against humanity, and war crimes in the Asia-Pacific theatre of the war. Despite the gravity of the subject matter and its historical significance, research on Unit 731 has, for a long time, been rather limited, but has gradually increased in recent decades. In this article, we identify several important characteristics and trends in research activities related to Unit 731, with a view to providing a general overview of the existing scholarship and to providing recommendations for future research.From the 1950s to the 1970s, academic research started to accumulate. The second stage was one of rapid development from the 1980s to the 1990s. During this period, research efforts in Japan had a far-reaching influence and began to spread to China, Europe, and the U.S. Scholars from scientific, medical, and educational communities began participating in Unit 731 research successively. The third stage of multi-dimensional development began at the onset of the twenty-first century. Research expanded into comparative inquiries of Japanese medical atrocities and their Nazi counterpart; at the same time, research on many topics in diverse disciplines was also deepened and intensified. In addition to focusing on pragmatic issues such as reflections and actions of modern society and reconciliation, researchers have also been concerned with historical writing and collective memory.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Between East and West: Unitarian Service Committee's medical mission in post-World War II Poland. 在东方与西方之间：二战后波兰一神论服务委员会的医疗使命。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10072

Kacper Rosner-Leszczyński

引用次数: 0

'An Old Welsh Custom': What does the bloodletting practice of Torri'r Llech reveal about vernacular medical practice in Wales? “一个古老的威尔士习俗”：托里·利赫的放血实践揭示了威尔士本土医疗实践的什么？

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-06-17 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10068

Thomas Alexander Khan-White, Max Cooper

{"title":"'An Old Welsh Custom': What does the bloodletting practice of Torri'r Llech reveal about vernacular medical practice in Wales?","authors":"Thomas Alexander Khan-White, Max Cooper","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2026.10068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2026.10068","url":null,"abstract":"Torri'r Llech (TLl) (Welsh for 'breaking the rickets') was a bloodletting practice which remained popular in Wales from at least the mid-nineteenth up to the mid-twentieth centuries. The practice involved cutting the ear (pinna) to induce bleeding. Indications were numerous and dynamic. Vernacular medical practices, including bloodletting, have enjoyed a long history in Wales and were influenced by a multitude of conceptual paradigms over the centuries. By drawing on original oral histories, newspaper accounts, as well as existing secondary source material, this article aims to situate TLl within the wider framework of bloodletting practices in Wales and Britain more broadly. In doing so, this paper also considers the ways in which TLl changed over time and how this dynamism proved a persistent threat to the authority of official medical institutions in Wales. By then discussing how TLl itself appeared to draw on diverse conceptual frameworks, it is argued that it may more accurately be defined as a practice within the confines of popular humoralism - a syncretic medical paradigm influenced by humoralism, astrology, Christianity, as well as local belief systems. Ultimately, TLl exhibited remarkable longevity and may have been practised as late as the 1970s-80s in parts of the Upper Swansea Valley, potentially representing the latest example of a humoral bloodletting practice native to the British Isles. This analysis challenges more linear narratives of biomedical ascendancy, showcasing how TLl coexisted with orthodox medicine in a pluralistic medical marketplace in which Welsh patients consistently exercised agency over their own care.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148265297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

'Reengineering' U.S. death data collection: the technology and labour behind electronic death registration. “再造”美国死亡数据收集：电子死亡登记背后的技术和劳动力。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-06-17 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10071

Sara M B Simon

引用次数: 0

The epidemiology of accidents: U.S. home safety and the slippages between methods, data, and applications, 1940-1980. 事故流行病学：1940-1980年美国家庭安全与方法、数据和应用之间的差距。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-05-20 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10066

Alexander Ian Parry

{"title":"The epidemiology of accidents: U.S. home safety and the slippages between methods, data, and applications, 1940-1980.","authors":"Alexander Ian Parry","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2026.10066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2026.10066","url":null,"abstract":"After years of focussing on infectious and degenerative illnesses, U.S. public health turned to the problem of accidents. Over the course of the twentieth century, safety practitioners repurposed the models of infectious disease control, risk-factor medicine, and biomechanics to improve the precision of injury data and to guide its applications. The resulting set of frameworks, methods, and practices, collectively referred to as 'the epidemiology of accidents', changed how health professionals analysed injuries but never produced a lasting consensus on appropriate safety interventions. This article uses the understudied history of home accident prevention to explain why mid-twentieth-century public health failed to prioritise injury control and what made home accidents especially intractable. During the 1940s, the American Public Health Association and U.S. Public Health Service collected statistics from communities across the country to determine the causes of home accidents and to inform local safety campaigns. These investigations were comprehensive but nonspecific, seeking to educate families about all the dangers of domestic space. After John Gordon published his influential study on accidents in 1949, this approach shifted from counting cases associated with risky behaviours and conditions to quantifying the extent to which isolable risk factors contributed to injuries. From the 1960s to 1970s, William Haddon changed accident prevention again, defining injuries as 'abnormal energy exchanges' and finding ways to minimise harm when accidents happened. Across these iterations, the epidemiology of accidents tried to identify, classify, quantify, and control the causes of home injuries but fell short of translating research into policy.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147973663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promoting smoking and fighting cancer in Australian migrant newspapers, 1930-60. 1930-60年，澳大利亚移民报纸宣传吸烟和抗癌。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-05-20 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10064

Yianni Cartledge, Andrekos Varnava

{"title":"Promoting smoking and fighting cancer in Australian migrant newspapers, 1930-60.","authors":"Yianni Cartledge, Andrekos Varnava","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2026.10064","DOIUrl":"10.1017/mdh.2026.10064","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores and compares smoking advertisements and anti-smoking and anti-cancer messages in Australia's migrant press, particularly newspapers, from 1930 to 1960. It investigates the ways in which smoking was promoted to migrant communities through their newspapers, contrasts this with the increasing prevalence of anti-smoking and broader anti-cancer messages, and explores whether there were any shifts in advertising and in anti-smoking messages following the growing research linking smoking and cancer (particularly lung cancer) from 1950. These messages were ultimately tied to this growing research, as well as the various Australian state and national anti-cancer campaign committees which emphasised early diagnosis and swift treatment as the best method to combat a range of cancers. Yet the Australian authorities, although finally acknowledging the dangers of cigarette smoking, rejected any government intervention other than providing the medical reports to the public. Greek-language newspapers (notably To Ethnico Vema) form an important case study; however, other foreign-language and migrant community papers were also consulted, including Italian, Jewish, and French.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147973638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meticulous records: Paper technologies, political worlds, and the making of epidemiological data in 1970s Uganda. 细致的记录：纸张技术、政治世界和20世纪70年代乌干达流行病学数据的制作。

IF 1.1 2区哲学

Medical History Pub Date : 2026-05-15 DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2026.10067

Thandeka Cochrane, Jennifer Fraser

{"title":"Meticulous records: Paper technologies, political worlds, and the making of epidemiological data in 1970s Uganda.","authors":"Thandeka Cochrane, Jennifer Fraser","doi":"10.1017/mdh.2026.10067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2026.10067","url":null,"abstract":"In 1970, Ted Williams - a medical missionary who had been running a small hospital at Kuluva in the West Nile region of Uganda for decades - was approached by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to help establish a major study on the possible role of Epstein-Barr Virus in the aetiology of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL). At the time, there was intense global interest in BL, as the cancer promised to be the first shown to have a viral aetiology. IARC centred its project at Kuluva Hospital and in the West Nile district because of Williams' unusually detailed and accurate records. Williams was a meticulous record-keeper, who relied on various methods of data collection, from collecting and comparing to selecting and sorting. His paper-based archives and recording practices provide a rare window onto epidemiological knowledge production in East Africa in the decades before computing reshaped medical record-keeping. By tracing the 'sociomaterial paper trail' of Williams's work, this paper examines how persona, place, and paper intersected in the making of medical knowledge, and how the researcher's persona shapes the kinds of epidemiological data that are ultimately produced.","PeriodicalId":18275,"journal":{"name":"Medical History","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147942016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0