Philological Review最新文献

{"title":"Lexico-stylistic and structural features of Volodymyr Zelensky’s political address to Congress","authors":"Antonina Semeniuk, Liubov Prystupa","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268656","url":null,"abstract":"The defiant russia’s aggression upon Ukraine changed the world order and made countries choose between good and evil, stand aside or act, focus peoples’ attention on human rights and values important for everyone. All these inevitably encourage linguists and researchers of related disciplines to transfer their investigations into the arena of political communication, where of statesmen play a primary role in influencing the minds of the masses. In this regard, the address of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to Congress as a material for analysis is definitely relevant. \u0000The purpose of the study is to consider the structure of the political speech itself and the linguistic means of the speaker’s communicative intent realization which lies in providing comprehensive assistance to Ukraine, defending the basic human values. The use of structural-semantic analysis made it possible to distinguish three blocks in Volodymyr Zelensky’s address: introductory, informative, and conclusion, as well as to reveal their characteristic features. An appeal to the mass addressee, taking into account such factors as position, gender and nationality as official forms of address and nonofficial Friends!, contribute to setting up a warm atmosphere. The informative block is presented by five subtopics, each of which serves as an independent element of the political address. An expression of gratitude to Joe Biden and American people for their strong support for Ukraine, reinforced by the demonstration of a video with episodes of the war, is found in the conclusion, which is an effective method of influencing the audience. \u0000The elements of discourse analysis made it possible to highlight positive images of America as a defender, Ukraine as a fighter, and negative russia as an aggressor and analyze the linguistic means that form them. An effective means of influencing is reference to important historical events for the USA and the words of Martin Luther King, which mark the common aspirations of American and Ukrainian people. Russia’s trampling upon basic human rights and values, such as democracy, independence, freedom, peace are key points in Volodymyr Zelensky’s speech. Joe Biden is considered the leader of the nation, the leader of the world and the leader of peace, that mark President of high reputation. \u0000The successful implementation of the communicative intent by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky is evidenced not only by the greeting of his speech with loud applause, but also the USA’s strong support and real assistance to Ukraine in the war against russia.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133367232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The significance and role of István Kótyuk’s work in Transcarpathian Hungarian science and education in the mother tongue","authors":"E. Bárány, Anikó Beregszászi, Vilmosh Gazdag","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268684","url":null,"abstract":"István Kótyuk, who passed away in the autumn of 2020, is a famous Hungarian linguist, translator, lexicographer and author of numerous textbooks for schools with Hungarian language of instruction in Transcarpathia. István Kótyuk’s activities were very diverse. Scientific research, teaching, organizing and translating activities and work in the field of Hungarian and Ukrainian lexicography are only some of the most important achievements of the scientist. \u0000István Kótyuk was born on 11 January 1934 in the village of Rativtsi, then part of Czechoslovakia, now in the Uzhhorod district of Ukraine. In 1949, he was admitted to the Mukachevo Teachers’ College, which operated in Khust until 1950. In 1953 he graduated as a primary school teacher and in the same year he started studying at the Hungarian Language Department of the Pedagogical College in Uzhhorod. The Pedagogical College was soon closed down, and he continued his studies at the Uzhhorod State University, where he graduated in 1958 with a degree in Russian language and literature. After that, he worked first at the editorial office of the Zakarpatska Pravda (Carpathian True Word) and then at the regional radio station. In 1963, the Hungarian Language and Literature Department of the Uzhhorod State University was established, where he was appointed as a teacher of Hungarian language and literature. During his 30 years there, he taught various subjects: modern Hungarian (morphology and syntax), dialectology, historical grammar of the Hungarian language and other special courses in the Hungarian language. István Kótyuk worked at Uzhhorod State University until 1994. In 1997, he accepted an invitation from the newly established Ferenc Rákóczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education and taught Hungarian grammar to the students, first at the Linguistics Department and then, after the Hungarian language and literature section of the Philology Department was established, to the students of that department. In the middle of the 60s of the last century István Kótyuk started to investigate the Hungarian dialect of the historical Uzh county. His research included the phonetic, vocabulary, formal, syntactic and stylistic features of the dialect, as well as the Eastern Slavic influences in the dialect. He also wrote his doctoral dissertation on this topic, which he defended in 1974 under the title Украинские заимствования в ужанском венгерскoм говоре (Ukrainian loanwords in the Hungarian Uzh dialect). With several years of active research, he contributed to the creation of the All-Carpathian Language Atlas (1989–2003) and the Dictionary of Transcarpathian Hungarian Dialects (the glossaries of which were also published in Acta Hungarica). Besides his scientific activities, István Kótyuk also did a lot of work in the field of education. Since 1971, he wrote 16 textbooks approved by the Soviet and later by the Ukrainian Ministry of Education and Science for grades 4–11 in secondary schools of ","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"01 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127329486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poetic Skovorodiniana of Dnipro region","authors":"V. Biliatska","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268666","url":null,"abstract":"Research of Hryhorіy Skovoroda phenomenon is significant, but his creative heritage has not been sufficiently studied especially the artistic interpretation of his figure. The poetic image of the Ukrainian philosopher in the lyrics of Dnipro region writers was not the object of scientific study. In the poetry of Dnipro residents Skovoroda is a key figure of our culture, it is a measure of the truth of life values, the personification of the spirit strength, a source of inner harmony and spiritual insight: «gray – haired lubomudr» (S. Burlakov); «judge of earthly vanities», «harsh philosopher», «affectionate judge», «thoughtful» (V. Korzh); «Immortelle-ozonets» (H. Prokopenko). \u0000Assimilating the philosophical and aesthetic experience of Hryhorіy Skovoroda, artistic and ideological aspects of his heritage, the poets of Sicheslav region poetically interpreted the leading philosophical theory of the sage – cognition: by embracing himself and the world around him, a person asserts himself, develops his natural inclinations, chooses his own path and fulfills his earthly purpose; they focused on his teaching about work as a necessity of being to which God called rewarding him with talent and giving him the ability to know himself (S. Burlakov «Slobozhanshchina, I love your gardens», O. Zaivyi «Skovoroda», V. Zemliany «Skovoroda», V. Korzh «From the life of Hryhorіy Skovoroda. Rest», A. Kravchenko-Rusіv «Hryhorіy Skovoroda», N. Nikulina «Over the books of Skovoroda», H. Prokopenko «Testament of Skovoroda», H. Svitlychna «Skovoroda», I. Sokulsky «Skovoroda», K. Chernyshоv «It happens that the spirit of Skovoroda»). \u0000In the poetry of Dnipro region artists symbolic images of Skovoroda are revealed: roads as a fact of the sage’s biography and inner world; garden as a kind of model harmony with nature, God, the world, and with himself, which corresponds to the biblical Garden of Eden and is associated with the immortality of the philosopher and his way of life; hearts and souls as a constant struggle between good and evil, helping to overcome all misconceptions and learn the true essence of a person. The works of poets were written mainly in the 70s and 80s of the twentieth century, but the lyrics interpreted this outstanding personality as a carrier of freedom, a carrier of «free spirit» (K. Chernyshоv), «son of freedom» (H. Prokopenko), and a «freedom-loving person» (A. Zaivyi).","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134498007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nominations and folk beliefs in childbirth rite of Eastern and Western Podilian dialect","authors":"T. Tyshchenko, Zoia Komarova","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268660","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes dialectal parallels in the corpus of nominations and folk beliefs of thematic group of childbirth rite vocabulary of Western and Eastern Podilian dialects, which are marginal in relation to the core of the speech. It was noted that in the nomination of childbirth rite of Eastern and Western areas of Podilian dialect, the most frequent is the lexical nomination, expressed by substantives and substantivized attributes, attributive word combinations. \u0000For each lexical-semantic group, characteristic principles of nomination are defined, in particular, the most productive in both studied areas are: lexical-semantic group of women’s names: action → action figure; age, action → person’s name; number of childbirths → person. Lexical-semantic group of children’s names: action → child’s name; age → child’s name. Lexical-semantic group names of other ritual participants: action, ritual function → doer; actor rank → doer. Lexical-semantic group names of rites: action → name of the rite. \u0000Most of the lexemes that serve the childbirth rite are known in the dialects of both areas, which confirms their belonging to the Podil dialect, some lexemes recorded in the Western Podil dialects indicate the proximity of these dialects to other dialects of the southwestern dialect of the Ukrainian language. \u0000In the dialects of both studied areas, there is approximately the same system of prohibitions for a pregnant woman and a newborn child, which is expressed at the syntactic level in the design of complex sentences and the use of various subordinating conjunctions. Cultural texts reflect the phonetic systems of Western and Eastern Podil dialects.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114416504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Names of food and beverages in Russian-Ukrainian translation dictionaries of the early 20th century","authors":"L. Tomilenko","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268663","url":null,"abstract":"Various dictionaries created for peculiar purposes play an important role in obtaining the necessary information as well as the translated general language reference books. Nowadays we observe considerable interest in the lexicographic heritage of the first post-revolutionary years and the times of Ukrainization. Among the popular sources are: «Moscow-Ukrainian Dictionary» (1918) by V. Dubrovskyi, «Russian-Ukrainian Dictionary» (1918) by S. Ivanytskyi and F. Shumanskyi, academic «Russian-Ukrainian Dictionary» (1924–1933) A. Krymskyi and S. Yefremov under ed. Consequently, the above mentioned resources became the subject of our research. \u0000The main purpose of this study is to both select and analyze the food and beverages vocabulary which is recorded in these three dictionaries, compare its spelling and word-formation features within the diverse dictionaries of the same timeframe, as well as to trace the usage and fixation of these words in the modern Ukrainian language. \u0000Lexicographic works of the post-revolutionary era contain a considerable number of units related to food and beverages. All three dictionaries contain as many as 700 of such units. The vast majority of identified names have remained popular till today, with the exception of some interesting, little-known, rare, dialectal and regional units. \u0000According to our estimates, the recorded food vocabulary is quantitatively greater than the amount of units related to beverages. Nevertheless, the analyzed dictionaries highlight a high number of diverse types of beverages, specifically alcoholic ones. \u0000The highest toll of units accounts for diversified flour products (including baked, boiled and fried ones). Especially varied are the names of pastries that are intendedly used for daily consumption, although there are also present the names of the festive bread products. Predominantly, it happens to be Ukrainian traditional and well-known till nowadays (in rare cases – foreign) food vocabulary units. \u0000Additionally, the analyzed dictionaries show a record of quite a large scale of the animal source foods, including meat and fish ones. A large number of dairy products both raw and cooked are found throughout the research. There are many names of dishes from different vegetables and cereals, for instance – soups, porridges etc. Meat is often supposed to be one of the components of such a meal. The most commonly noticed ingredients include potatoes and cabbage out of vegetables and millet, buckwheat, corn, peas, and oats out of cereals. \u0000The names of sweets and desserts which are quite diverse in most of the cases form the long-established and modernly used lexical units. These nouns include both colloquial and non-normative lexemes that have different spelling, grammatical structure and features, etc. \u0000Wide group of listings in the analyzed sources is related to the names of drinks. Especially commonly used are the names of alcoholic beverage groups like liqueurs, bitters, wines, varieties of vo","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129848689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dialectisms in journalistic works by V. Yavorivsky","authors":"L. Khavaldzhy","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268664","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the functions of dialectisms are analysed in the artistic publicism of V. Yavorivsky’s early and mature periods of work that researchers characterize as deeply philosophical. It is well-proven that in works of early period of work stylistic potential of dialectisms is masterly used with the aim of stylization of broadcasting, authentication of personages or whole natural habitat, expressive expression. In particular, in publicism works of 70s and 80s of 20th century of V. Yavorivsky quite often uses dialectisms with the aim of recreation of local colour. In this case master of word uses the reception of alienation usually, applying for the selection of dialectal lexeme quotation marks in an order to underline her a withstand use and special connotation. On occasion dialectisms perform the identifying duty, when they name the differential line of broadcasting of habitants of whole natural habitat. A writer used dialectisms-nouns that name the articles of way of life, in particular the name of tableware, things of domestic consumption, name of clothing or shoes, domestic names church interiors and others like that. A publicist rethinks colloquial lexemes quite often, using them in figurative sense. An author creates the expressively saturated expressions, using a dialectal or colloquial verbal vocabulary. Interesting are cases of introduction of verbs in composition of phraseology turn widespread in the verbal broadcasting of habitants of edge. Dialectisms in the literary text do not cause a clear negative assessment. Their written fixation helps to focus on them, and hence the need to understand dialectics, to understand the motives for its inclusion in the text. \u0000In publicism works of mature period an author now and then is succeeded to the use of dialectisms. Usually their function, related with the connotation of expression, execute words widespread in the verbal broadcasting, rarely used lexemes. Sometimes a writer is consciously succeeded to creation of styleme, replacing a current lexeme colloquial or occasional one. Thus, comparable study of peculiarities of application of dialectisms in publicism works of V. Yavorivsky is certified by conscious attitude of author toward the use of locally used lexemes. The careful selection of such nominations and knowledge of their stylistic loading characterizes an author as brilliant master of word.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"1218 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133842381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The concept of fiction in Soroka’s «Crumbs»","authors":"Taras Holovan","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268668","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, we analyze the concept of fiction in the short story collection «Crumbs» (2019) by the Ukrainian writer Petro Soroka. In this book, the author directly speaks out about his vision of literature; in some tales, he makes digressions, comments on his writing practice and narration, and outlines his understanding of fiction. All these things create a balance between the author’s intentions and concrete texts. In a broad context, the book is a valuable source for researching short stories in modern Ukrainian literature, the nature of fiction in general, and the understanding of fictionality these days. Soroka considered «Crumbs» the pinnacle of his writing. But the book remains unnoticed. The relevance of the article is grounded on this. \u0000The aim of the article is to outline and identify the conception of fiction proposed in «Crumbs». For that, we solve two main tasks – analyzing the author’s reflections and tracing the realized and unrealized intentions in concrete works. \u0000The central thesis of Soroka is that literature should mirror life. He uses theological reasoning to explain the mirror reflection in fiction (because God creates human fates, he is the best artist, so the goal of literature is not to make-believe but to reflect what God intended). We interpret this thesis and conclude that the author eliminates the main components of fictionality – the make-believe and the filling with meaning. He finds some fictionality in the representation of characters, the depiction of the current time, and the mastery of retelling. But we state that all these fictional components have lost their status because, these days, they are the constituents of nonfictional genres or texts in nonfictional spheres. The only thing that remains when it comes to fiction is the genre. The author names his writings «short stories». So the fictionality of «Crumbs» is a consensus between author and reader about the genre of the book. It arises in a receptive context. Soroka’s short stories are like artifacts that occur because of rethinking subjects in an uncharacteristic, changed context. In this sense, they are contemporary art phenomena. \u0000These conclusions about «Crumbs» may become a basis for researching the other writings by Petro Soroka and the short stories of other Ukrainian writers.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114595521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laughter through the invisible world of tears (Ostap Vyshnia in the «Diaries» and in life)","authors":"P. Yamchuk","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268683","url":null,"abstract":"In the offered attention of the readers, the intelligence outlines several little-known worldview constants, which defined in the poetry of one of the greatest humorists and satirists of the 20th century – Ostap Vyshnia, not only a special way of understanding the tragic realities of the past century by a Ukrainian, but also the very way of the presence and in destructibility of Ukrainianness in the totalitarian intervening time. In the poetic and axiological dimension, Ostap Vyshnia is a direct heir of the laughing tradition, which originates from the domestic baroque polemicists – Ivan Vyshenskyi and his opponent – Adam-Ipatiy Potiy, to the philosophical and satirical fables of Hryhoriy Skovoroda. And then – to the humorous and satirical prose of Mykola Hohol and the satirical poems of Taras Shevchenko. The article examines the specifics of the hither to insufficiently researched receptions of the phenomenon of Ostap Vyshnia’s work presented by his contemporaries. For example – Mykola Khvylovyi, Yuriy Smolych. Likewise, his diaries, which he kept in the Russian Soviet concentration camp «Chibyu», the key concepts of which are analyzed in this article, are a unique source of updating the figure of Ostap Vyshnya. Among these leading constants of the writer’s individual philosophy should be attributed his inherent Christian humanism – it is no coincidence that in the 1920’s, Ostap Vyshnia was considered by Ukrainian peasants to be a kind of institution, to which numerous readers of his stories, feuilletons, smiles, and poems turned for help when they were offended and humiliated by the authorities. associated with such Christian worldview humanism is the desire and ability to help in times of need, to provide effective practical help even when the writer himself needed support and help. The figure of Ostap Vyshnia, under this review, receives a dimension that is not trivialized by other people’s stereotypes and narratives. \u0000It opens in its still unexplored in the 21th century power of a passionate personality, which was a prominent Ukrainian satirist and humorist. As a unique document, Ostap Vyshnia’s diaries under the name «Chibyu» are not only evidence of the key priorities of his immanent worldview, of ten not declared due to the nature and specificity of his work, but also one of the most objective testimonies about the true essence and character of the Soviet totalitarian days. It is not by chance that the word-symbol «Chibyu» was immortalized much later as a sign of totalitarian repression and abuse of Ukrainians in concentration camps by the great poet Vasyl Stus in the poem «Moscow – Chibyu». Despite all the obvious differences, it is precisely in this sense that the diaries of Ostap Vyshnia «Chibyu» are next to other important documents of the era – the «Diaries» of academician Serhiy Yefremov and the «Diary» of the great film director and writer Oleksandr Dovzhenko.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121882325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflection of the language units’ essence in imaginary utterances about language","authors":"K. Hlukhovtseva, I. Hlukhovtseva","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268639","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with figurative utterances about language, particularly linguistic aphorisms that occupy an important place in popular scientific philological discourse, because with their help that the scientific vocabulary is enriched and complex concepts of the topic are simplified. Artistic means used in statements are a kind of argumentation of evidence that demonstrates the mechanism of cognition and related to memory, situational information, reflect social experience. \u0000Depending on the topic, utterances about the language of Ukrainian and foreign linguists, writers, advanced cultural workers can be divided into several groups. These are, in particular, those in which the general characteristics of language and words are given; as well as those in which phonetic, lexical, morphological, syntactic, phraseological units of the Ukrainian language are considered. Thus, the object of consideration of linguistic aphorisms is primarily the concepts of language and word, they are the center of the conceptual system of aphorisms. These concepts are interpreted as having significant potential, they are considered as a cultural heritage of the people, wealth, treasure that has been preserved for centuries. In such aphorisms comparisons, epithets, metaphors, analogies are appropriately used, less often hyperboles, allegories. \u0000On the periphery of the thematic array of linguistic aphorisms are utterances, the subject of which are units of phonetics and phonology, morphemics, word formation, grammar, syntax. We consider the analogy to be the main means of their description, which makes it possible to single out the most striking features of the analyzed concepts.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125176463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ukrainian and Russian loanwords with professional vocabulary in Transcarpathian Hungarian dialect’s","authors":"Vilmosh Gazdag","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268633","url":null,"abstract":"As a large number of previous studies show, there are a significant number of words borrowed from the state language in the vocabulary of Transcarpathian Hungarians. These studies also indicate that the vast majority of these loanwords are related to formal spheres of vocabulary. \u0000At the same time we do not have enough information about the extent to which the influence of the state language is manifested in the internal communication of the individual professions and how, as a consequence of this influence, unfamiliar loan words or those that have acquired a different meaning start to be used in everyday communication. \u0000In the research that became the basis for this publication, we conducted a sociolinguistic analysis of four socio-professional groups from among Transcarpathian Hungarians, whose indicators regarding the ability to speak Hungarian vary considerably. \u0000The first group is the vocabulary of Transcarpathian students pursuing higher education in Hungarian. In their case, opportunities to use Hungarian exist in all speech domains. At the same time, the influence of the state language manifests itself through state regulation of the educational process, as well as through communication with acquaintances studying in Ukrainian. \u0000The second group is the language of health care workers, whose mother tongue is Hungarian. In their case, it is only possible to obtain education in their speciality in the state language, and its impact on the workplace is also much more intense. \u0000The third group is the vocabulary of Transcarpathian drivers and car mechanics whose mother tongue is Hungarian. Their speech essentially combines the same linguistic conditions as those of health care workers. \u0000The fourth is the language of those Transcarpathian Hungarian men who did their military service in the Soviet or Ukrainian armies, where their training took place in the state language and the use of their native language was not possible due to a lack of communication partners. In their case, therefore, a specific situation arose where for them military slang in its traditional sense could only function in their mother tongue after completing their service in the format of memories.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128344486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}