Reflection of the language units’ essence in imaginary utterances about language

The article deals with figurative utterances about language, particularly linguistic aphorisms that occupy an important place in popular scientific philological discourse, because with their help that the scientific vocabulary is enriched and complex concepts of the topic are simplified. Artistic means used in statements are a kind of argumentation of evidence that demonstrates the mechanism of cognition and related to memory, situational information, reflect social experience. Depending on the topic, utterances about the language of Ukrainian and foreign linguists, writers, advanced cultural workers can be divided into several groups. These are, in particular, those in which the general characteristics of language and words are given; as well as those in which phonetic, lexical, morphological, syntactic, phraseological units of the Ukrainian language are considered. Thus, the object of consideration of linguistic aphorisms is primarily the concepts of language and word, they are the center of the conceptual system of aphorisms. These concepts are interpreted as having significant potential, they are considered as a cultural heritage of the people, wealth, treasure that has been preserved for centuries. In such aphorisms comparisons, epithets, metaphors, analogies are appropriately used, less often hyperboles, allegories. On the periphery of the thematic array of linguistic aphorisms are utterances, the subject of which are units of phonetics and phonology, morphemics, word formation, grammar, syntax. We consider the analogy to be the main means of their description, which makes it possible to single out the most striking features of the analyzed concepts.