Lipids in Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Lipoprotein(a) concentration, kringle IV-2 repeat copy number, and myocardial infarction risk in Chinese populations: insights from the INTERHEART China study.","authors":"Jinsong Jiang, Xiaonan Ma, Ying Wei, Binong Su, Xin Liu, Yanyan Xiao, Yan Gu, Ziyu Wang, Dong Luo, Huafang Gao, Xingyu Wang, Aihua Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02929-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02929-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the independent and joint effects of plasma Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentration and Kringle IV-2 (KIV-2) repeat copy number in genomic DNA on the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a Chinese population, to estimate their population attributable risks (PAR), and to explore interactions with metabolic and psychosocial factors, thereby providing evidence for precise cardiovascular prevention and control. METHODS: Based on the INTERHEART China subgroup case-control study, 4,479 participants from 26 centers in China were included (2,100 first-onset AMI patients, 2,379 age- and sex-matched controls). Risk factors (lifestyle, metabolic indicators, psychosocial factors) were collected using standardized questionnaires. Lp(a) concentration was measured using an isoform-insensitive immunoassay, and KIV-2 repeat copy number in genomic DNA was quantified using quantitative PCR (qPCR) (represented as ΔCT value, lower values indicate fewer repeats). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze risk associations, restricted cubic splines assessed dose-response relationships, PAR was calculated, and interactions were tested. RESULTS: Elevated Lp(a) concentration (highest vs. lowest quintile; OR = 1.784, 95% CI: 1.402–2.270) and fewer KIV-2 repeats (lowest vs. highest quintile; OR = 2.421, 95% CI: 1.905–3.086) were significantly associated with AMI risk. Dose-response analysis revealed that Lp(a) concentration showed a monotonically increasing relationship with AMI risk, while KIV-2 repeats showed a continuous negative association. Both factors remained independent predictors after mutual adjustment, and were moderately negatively correlated (r=-0.323, P < 0.001). The PAR was 10.3% for the highest Lp(a) quintile (> 17.6 mg/dL) and 10.4% for the lowest KIV-2 repeat quintile (ΔCT < 4.1). No significant interactions were found between Lp(a) or KIV-2 and sex, diabetes, smoking, or psychological factors (P-interaction > 0.00625). CONCLUSION: In the Chinese population, both Lp(a) concentration and KIV-2 repeat copy number in genomic DNA independently predict AMI risk, with PARs exceeding 10% for both. This study reveals for the first time that KIV-2 repeat copy number may have pathophysiological implications independent of Lp(a) concentration regulation, suggesting the need to incorporate this genetic marker into high-risk screening and to adopt a lower Lp(a) risk threshold of > 18 mg/dL (approximately the 80th percentile) for this population. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13248369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased HDL-C in hidradenitis suppurativa: association with systemic inflammatory phenotype and implications for risk stratification.","authors":"Chao Wu, Yong-Jun Wang, Tie-Jun Liu, Hong-Zhong Jin","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02959-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02959-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder increasingly recognized as a systemic disease with significant metabolic comorbidity. Disturbances in lipid metabolism, particularly reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), have been consistently reported in patients with HS. However, the extent to which HDL-C levels are associated with clinical characteristics, systemic inflammatory burden, and disease severity in HS remains insufficiently defined. METHODS: In this retrospective single-center study, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed for 109 patients with HS and 109 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Serum lipid parameters were compared between groups. Patients with HS were further stratified according to HDL-C status, and differences in demographic characteristics, clinical features, and laboratory indices were examined to assess the clinical relevance of reduced HDL-C in HS. RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, patients with HS had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG) concentrations and significantly lower HDL-C levels (p < 0.001). Among patients with HS, those with abnormal HDL-C levels exhibited significantly higher BMI, white blood cell count, plateletcrit, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels than those with normal HDL-C levels (p < 0.05). In addition, axillary involvement was significantly more frequent in the abnormal HDL-C group (p = 0.017). A higher proportion of Hurley stage III disease and higher IHS4 scores were observed in the HDL-C abnormal group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with HS demonstrate a characteristic reduction in HDL-C that is associated with elevated systemic inflammatory markers and increased axillary involvement. These findings support HDL-C as a readily accessible indicator of inflammatory burden and disease severity in HS and highlight its potential value in clinical risk stratification. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13238083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted plasma lipidomic profiling associated with pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).","authors":"Gahyun Lim, Helaina E Huneault, Chih-Yu Chen, Grey Won, Cristian Sanchez-Torres, Kristal Maner-Smith, Miriam B Vos","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02937-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02937-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Altered lipid metabolism is central to the pathogenesis of MASH, yet lipidomic data in pediatric populations are limited. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using high-resolution lipidomics to identify lipid alterations associated with pediatric MASH in youth enrolled in NASH CRN studies. METHODS: Clinical assessments included anthropometrics, lipid panels, liver enzymes, and markers of glucose metabolism. MASLD status was determined by liver biopsy or MRI-PDFF. Plasma untargeted lipidomics was performed using UHPLC-MS/MS. Linear models identified differentially abundant lipids. Network analysis characterized lipid-clinical associations and identified network-informed central lipids to evaluate MASH classification performance. RESULTS: The cohort included 102 participants with MASH (29% Zone 1, 19% Zone 3, 52% Definite) and 58 non-MASH participants (29 MASL and 29 controls). Participants were aged 7–18 years; 77% were male and 58% Hispanic, with a mean BMI Z-score of 2.01 ± 0.77. Compared with non-MASH participants, those with MASH had higher BMI Z-scores, waist circumference, liver enzymes, insulin resistance markers, and triglycerides, and lower HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). Lipidomics analysis revealed higher levels of saturated TG species and lower levels of Cer and SM species in participants with MASH (p < 0.05). Network analysis showed greater centrality of insulin resistance markers (fasting insulin, HOMA-IR) among participants with MASH, whereas non-MASH participant networks exhibited broader lipid-clinical connectivities. Adding central lipids [TG(12:0_16:0_18:2), SM(d32:3), TG(50:5)] with a high Eigenvector Centrality Score (ECS) significantly improved MASH classification performance. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric MASH was associated with plasma lipid remodeling, and network-derived central lipids improved MASH classification performance. These findings highlight the potential of lipid signatures for the noninvasive diagnosis of pediatric MASH and warrant validation in independent, longitudinal cohorts. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13235174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the triglyceride-high-density lipoprotein-glucose-body index and new-onset stroke risk: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"AoMen Lu, Qian Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02953-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02953-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability in China. Insulin resistance (IR) is a crucial modifiable risk factor. While the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a recognized surrogate for IR, it overlooks the protective role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the impact of obesity (BMI). The novel TyHGB index integrates triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, HDL-C, and BMI, offering a comprehensive metabolic profile. However, the association between its longitudinal patterns and new-onset stroke risk remains unclear. METHODS: Data from 4,823 participants free of stroke at baseline were analyzed using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011–2020). Longitudinal patterns of the TyHGB index were identified using K-means clustering. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the association between TyHGB metrics (patterns, baseline, and cumulative) and stroke risk. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) explored non-linear relationships, and time-dependent ROC curves compared the predictive value of TyHGB versus the TyG index. RESULTS: During the 5-year follow-up, 417 (8.6%) incident stroke cases were recorded. Three distinct TyHGB patterns were identified: “Low,” “Medium,” and “High.” After full adjustment for confounders, participants in the High (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01–1.78) and Medium (HR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07–1.67) patterns had a significantly higher stroke risk compared to the Low group. A non-linear dose-response relationship was observed between cumulative TyHGB and stroke risk (P-non-linear < 0.05), with a risk saturation threshold at 25.76. Furthermore, the TyHGB index demonstrated a modest but statistically significant improvement in predictive ability compared to the traditional TyG index for 5-year stroke risk (AUC: 0.591 vs. 0.574). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term elevated patterns and cumulative burden of the TyHGB index are independent risk factors for new-onset stroke. The identification of an RCS-derived inflection point (25.76) serves as a useful population-level reference value.TyHGB provides incremental value over the single TyG index in risk stratification, highlighting the importance of dynamic metabolic monitoring for stroke prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13224718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance and prognostic value of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-based markers in very young patients with coronary artery disease: a retrospective study.","authors":"Jiayin Sun, Shuchang Qi, Meihuizi Yu, Sitong Lei, Wei Han, Yujie Zhou, Dongmei Shi","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02951-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02951-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in young adults necessitates effective early risk assessment tools. Inflammation and dyslipidemia are pivotal in atherogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)-based markers—specifically the neutrophil-to-HDL-C ratio (NHR), the monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio (MHR), and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C ratio—for CAD, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), severe coronary stenosis, and clinical prognosis in very young patients. METHODS: This retrospective study included 1,074 patients aged 18–35 years who underwent coronary angiography. Patients were classified into a CAD group (n = 878) and a non-CAD group (n = 196). Lesion severity was assessed using the Gensini score. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of CAD, ACS, and severe coronary stenosis (Gensini score > 40). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive values of NHR, MHR, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was employed to explore nonlinear relationships. COX regression was used to assess factors associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). RESULTS: The prevalence of CAD and ACS showed a progressive increase across ascending quartiles of NHR, MHR, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (P for trend < 0.05). After multivariable adjustment, MHR remained an independent risk factor for CAD (P < 0.001), whereas NHR and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio did not. For ACS, both NHR and MHR were independently associated (P < 0.001). ROC analysis showed MHR and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio predicted CAD, while NHR exhibited superior predictive value for ACS (AUC = 0.953). Both NHR and MHR independently predicted severe coronary stenosis, with no significant nonlinear association observed via RCS analysis. Over a median follow-up of 7.8 years, smoking, higher Gensini score, and the elevated ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C emerged as independent risk factors for MACE (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: NHR demonstrates excellent predictive value for ACS and is independently associated with severe coronary stenosis. MHR is an independent risk factor for CAD, while the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio independently predicts long-term MACE. These readily available indices may facilitate early risk stratification and intervention in very young CAD patients. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147717214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslipidemia is associated with abdominal fat depots but not with bone mineral density and muscle fat infiltration.","authors":"Yuhang Yang, Yunjie Zhang, Jianrong Ji, Chao Song, Shiping Wang, Zaiqiang Liu, Xiaopeng Li, Yuanjiang Min, Xihao Tang, Jianxun Jiang, Guixuan Li, Mengyuan Fan, Qinfei Yang, Shizheng Hui, Jun Yuan, Guang Yang, Yandong Liu, Jun Li","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02899-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02899-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia (DLP) is linked to adverse abdominal fat distribution; however, its relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle fat infiltration (MFI) remains unclear. This study aimed to assess, using quantitative computed tomography (QCT), whether DLP is associated with abdominal fat depots, and if it independently correlates with BMD or MFI. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included participants aged ≥ 40 years from a health check-up cohort. Demographic data and fasting blood lipid measurements were collected for analysis. QCT imaging at the L2 vertebral level was employed to assess lumbar BMD at L1-L2, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), liver fat fraction (LFF), and paravertebral extensor muscle fat fraction (MFF). Participants were categorized into DLP and non-DLP groups based on lipid profiles or the use of lipid-lowering medication. Sex-specific analyses were conducted in both male and female participants, with adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC); menstrual status was additionally included as a covariate in analyses of female participants. RESULTS: The study included 2,115 participants: 1,426 males (53.3 ± 2.9 years; 48.7% DLP) and 689 females (48.9 ± 2.5 years; 29.0% DLP). Participants in the DLP group were younger on average (males: 52.6 ± 2.4 vs. 53.9 ± 3.1 years; females: 47.8 ± 1.9 vs. 49.4 ± 2.6 years), and had higher weight, BMI, and WC. However, increases in weight and WC were statistically significant only in males. The proportion of postmenopausal women was higher in the non-DLP group (32.5%). Age was the main factor influencing BMD, MFF, and VAT area in males, and BMD and LFF in females. Unadjusted comparisons revealed higher MFF in males and greater BMD, LFF, and SAT areas in females with DLP. After adjusting for confounders, especially age, differences in BMD and MFF were no longer significant in either sex. In fully adjusted models, no significant differences in body composition parameters were observed in males. In females, however, the DLP group had significantly higher LFF (P < 0.001), SAT (P = 0.012), and VAT areas (P = 0.022). CONCLUSION: This study confirms a sex-specific association between DLP and abdominal fat depots, with females showing higher liver fat and larger subcutaneous and visceral adipose areas. Critically, it demonstrates that DLP is not independently associated with BMD or MFI, as these parameters were primarily influenced by age. This dissociation underscores distinct pathophysiological pathways connecting DLP to different body composition compartments. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13195846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical application of parenteral nutrition with Omega-3 fatty acids in patients after gastrectomy: a retrospective cohort study and cost-effectiveness analysis.","authors":"Xuan Luo, Yu-Xing You, Xiao-Wei Wang, Ming-Di Zhao, Huai-Jun Zhu, Hao Wang, Liang Tao, Wen-Xian Guan, Li Li, Xiao-Jie Bian","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02949-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02949-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative complications of gastrectomy severely impact patient prognosis and impose a substantial economic burden. This study aims to assess the effect of adding omega-3 fish oil emulsion to parenteral nutrition on clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness in gastric cancer populations after gastrectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 150 gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between September 2022 and September 2023. Patients were assigned to an omega-3 group and a control group based on whether they received postoperative omega-3 fish oil fat emulsion injection, with 53 matched pairs after propensity score matching (PSM). The primary outcome was the incidence of Grade II or higher complications. An economic evaluation was conducted from a hospital perspective, considering only direct medical costs over a 90-day horizon without discounting, using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). To evaluate the robustness of the primary findings, sensitivity analyses were performed using both one-way and probabilistic methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After PSM, the omega-3 group demonstrated markedly lower incidences of both Grade II or higher complications (1/53 [1.9%] vs 9/53 [17.0%]; OR = 0.143, 95% CI: 0.015-0.656; P = 0.001) and intra-abdominal infection (0/53 [0%] vs 6/53 [11.3%]; OR = 0.073, 95% CI: 0.001-0.642; P = 0.014) than the control group. The white blood cell count on postoperative day 3 was significantly lower in the omega-3 group (P = 0.034). The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that the omega-3 group incurred an additional cost of 5,217.4 Chinese Yuan but achieved a 15.1% risk reduction in Grade II or higher complications, resulting in an ICER of 345.5. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated a probability exceeding 98% that this strategy was more costly but more effective.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This retrospective single-center study observed an association between omega-3 fish oil emulsion and attenuated postoperative inflammation and complications. Although the intervention involved higher direct medical costs, these findings provide localized evidence for optimizing perioperative nutrition support.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13196136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DHCR24 in cholesterol metabolism and diseases of the nervous system.","authors":"Hong Zhu, Shun Li, Yi Yang, Shiqing Zhang, Yingge Wang, Tianqing Xiong","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02954-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02954-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DHCR24 (3β-hydroxysterol 24-reductase) is a critical enzyme that plays an essential role in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, which catalyzes the reduction of the sterol intermediate C-24 double bond. DHCR24 is also involved in cell growth, senescence, and cellular responses to carcinogenesis and oxidative stress. DHCR24 is extensively studied, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease. It is thought to have neuroprotective effects such as resistance to amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) toxicity and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, there is a notable absence of systematic reviews integrating these two domains. Meanwhile, disordered lipid metabolism has been increasingly recognized in recent years as a critical contributor to the pathogenesis and progression of ischemic stroke and other neurological disorders, and DHCR24, as a key mediator in this process, has become an indispensable research target. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively summarize the role of DHCR24, from its central function in cholesterol biosynthesis to its implications in neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13192087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of LDLR and SCARB1 gene polymorphisms with hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-control study proposing a 'double-hit' model.","authors":"Zuhal Altintas, Muammer Ozgur Cevik, Ebru Derici Eker, Engin Altintas","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02946-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02946-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1) are essential regulators of systemic lipid homeostasis. Although dysregulated lipid metabolism is a hallmark of malignancy, the genetic associations between these receptors and the risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of LDLR and SCARB1 polymorphisms on the susceptibility to HCC and clinical biochemical profiles in a population with a high prevalence of viral hepatitis. METHODS: In this case‒control study, 81 HCC patients and 162 healthy controls were genotyped for the SCARB1 rs4238001 and LDLR rs688 and rs5925 variants by using an automated capillary electrophoresis system. The correlations between the genetic data and clinical markers of liver injury, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, as well as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, were evaluated. Statistical analyses used logistic regression for risk estimation and nonparametric tests (medians and interquartile ranges) for biochemical correlations. RESULTS: The LDLR rs5925 polymorphism emerged as a major risk factor for HCC. According to the recessive model, compared with the reference genotypes, the homozygous CC genotype was associated with a 13.05-fold greater risk of HCC [Odds ratios (OR) = 13.05, 95% CI: 3.69–46.12; P < 0.001]. According to the dominant model, carriers of the minor C allele had a 6.94-fold increased risk of HCC (OR = 6.94, 95% CI: 3.82–12.60; P < 0.001). Additionally, the LDLR rs688 variant was linked to metabolic alterations, with the TT homozygotes having significantly higher LDL-C levels (P = 0.025) and the CT heterozygotes having elevated ALT levels (P = 0.002). Notably, the rs5925 CC genotype strongly correlated with elevated AST levels (P = 0.022), which suggested a synergistic link between genetic predisposition and hepatocellular injury. Building on these findings, we conducted an interaction analysis, which supported an integrated ‘double-hit’ model, demonstrating for the first time how the synergy between LDLR and SCARB1 polymorphisms modulates the HCC risk through disrupted lipid homeostasis. CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate that the LDLR rs5925 variant is a potent genetic marker for susceptibility to HCC. The association of LDLR variants with impaired lipid homeostasis and hepatic stress supports a ‘double-hit’ model in which genetic vulnerability and chronic viral hepatitis factors synergistically promote hepatocarcinogenesis. These results highlight the potential utility of genetic screening for personalized risk stratification of patients with chronic liver disease. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13188632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effects of central adiposity and BMI trajectories on cardiometabolic diseases in Chinese adults: a longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Limei Cao, Huifan Jia, Xinyu Si, Kexin Cao, Qian Gao, Yongxia Ding, Peili Zhang, Juping Wang, Tong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02948-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02948-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Whether long-term trajectories of central adiposity indices predict cardiometabolic diseases better than BMI remains uncertain. We compared trajectories of central adiposity indices and BMI in relation to cardiometabolic outcomes and estimated potential population benefits from trajectory improvement. METHODS: Among 4,295 adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, group-based trajectory modeling identified three trajectories for each obesity index. BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and body roundness index (BRI) showed Low-stable, Moderate-stable, and High-stable patterns, whereas the high ABSI (a body shape index) group followed a High-to-low pattern. Cox models examined associations with incident diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) between 2015 and 2020. Δβ bootstrap tests compared association strength across indices, and two one-sided tests (TOST) assessed equivalence within ± 10–15%. Population impact fractions (PIFs) estimated preventable events under counterfactual trajectory-shift scenarios. RESULTS: During follow-up, 379 diabetes, 458 heart disease, 252 stroke, and 84 CMM events occurred. Compared with the Low-stable group, the High-stable groups of BMI, WC, WHtR, and BRI were associated with higher risks of all outcomes, with hazard ratios of approximately 2.7–3.5 for diabetes and broadly elevated risks for heart disease, stroke, and CMM, whereas ABSI showed no significant associations. Δβ contrasts indicated that WHtR and BRI had significantly stronger associations with diabetes than BMI and WC, while differences among indices for heart disease and stroke were small and often within TOST equivalence margins. Under the realistic partial-shift scenario, PIFs suggested that improving trajectories could avert about 6% of diabetes cases and 4–7% of CMM events, with smaller but meaningful reductions in heart disease and stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Central adiposity indices, particularly WHtR and BRI, demonstrated favorable trajectory-based discrimination for diabetes, whereas differences among anthropometric measures were modest for cardiovascular outcomes. These findings support an outcome-specific and context-sensitive approach to adiposity assessment. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13188748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}