Lipids in Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Genetic and lifestyle determinants of lipid profiles in Japanese young adults: evidence from MBOAT7 rs641738.","authors":"Akira Kado, Yukiko Inoue, Takeya Tsutsumi, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Shintaro Yanagimoto","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02971-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02971-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early prevention of dyslipidemia is critical for reducing the future onset of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Although lifestyle interventions have been recommended, the interactions between common genetic variants and modifiable habits in young populations remain unclear. Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7) has been implicated in lipid metabolism and steatotic liver disease; however, its role in early atherosclerosis is poorly understood. Associations between the MBOAT7 rs641738 genotype, lifestyle habits, and atherogenic lipid profiles were assessed in young adults and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 402 university students (200 adolescents and 202 young adults) who underwent health checkups, genotyping, and lifestyle assessments (dietary habits, alcohol intake, and physical activity). Participants were genotyped for MBOAT7 rs641738 (C > T), categorized as CC versus non-CC (CT/TT), and stratified by MBOAT7 genotype and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios. Logistic regression was used to identify lifestyle factors related to elevated LDL-C/HDL-C ratios using a threshold of 2.0. Sex-stratified analysis was also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Young adults with the CC genotype exhibited significantly higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratios than those with the non-CC genotype, despite similar lifestyle habits; no genotype differences were observed in adolescents. High soft drink consumption (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08-1.58; P = 0.004) and low alcohol intake (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.15-0.79; P = 0.005) were independently related to LDL-C/HDL-C ≥ 2.0, with stronger effects in males. These associations were not observed in the non‑CC group. Sex differences were evident, with females more sensitive to low alcohol intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genetic susceptibility to atherogenic lipid profiles in young adults is linked to the MBOAT7 CC genotype and modifiable habits, particularly soft drink intake, with sex-specific effects. These findings suggest the importance of early genetic screening and personalized lifestyle interventions in preventing dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. However, alcohol consumption has not been recommended as a preventive measure. These findings provide public health insights into early life interventions to reduce the future onset of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking residual cardiovascular risk: the paradoxical interaction between remnant cholesterol and calculated LDL-C in a tertiary-care cohort.","authors":"Hazar Gözgöz, Seher Kabul, Özlem Gürsoy Doruk","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02952-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02952-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk often remains even after low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have been brought down to target levels. Remnant cholesterol (RC) and inflammation have been increasingly linked to the residual risk. We aimed to investigating whether the discriminative value of RC the ability of RC to discriminate and its claimed interactions with LDL-C are due to a real clinical phenotype or are affected by formula-dependent biases between the Friedewald and Sampson-NIH equations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We performed a cross-sectional analysis of consecutively tested adults (n = 3,342) using residual serum samples from routine clinical monitoring. To reduce analytical variability, all lipid profiles were analyzed using a single, dedicated reagent lot. We contrasted risk models with Friedewald-calculated versus Sampson-NIH-calculated LDL-C to assess equation-dependent differences. Lipid parameters, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. ASCVD was defined using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) codes. Missing covariate data were handled using multiple imputation by chained equations (m = 50), with additional complete-case sensitivity analyses for CRP-related models. To reduce bias, the observed ASCVD status was included as an auxiliary variable; the outcome itself was not imputed. The discriminative performance of nested logistic regression models was assessed through the pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and pooled DeLong p-values.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary clinical focus was the presence of documented pre-existing ASCVD diagnoses, identified in 11.4% of the cohort, while 9.4% of participants met the criteria for atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD). In the primary analysis with Friedewald LDL-C, we detected a statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001) negative interaction between LDL-C and RC, while logCRP remained an independent correlate in the adjusted model. Interestingly, when we verified this using the more accurate Sampson-NIH equation to minimize the possibility that the result would be solely due to calculation bias, the paradoxical interaction was still statistically significant (p = 0.003) along with a strong model performance (AUC: 0.729). This indicates that the interaction is not entirely explained by the mathematical artifact of the Friedewald formula, but rather represents a consistent statistical pattern in this cohort.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;RC adds statistically significant value to risk discrimination. The continuous inverse relationship of LDL-C with high RC identifies a statistical pattern consistent with persistent atherogenic burden despite apparently optimal calculated LDL-C levels. Awareness of this potential suppressor effect may aid in refining risk stratification in tert","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13281486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid metabolism as a central driver of immune remodeling and therapeutic vulnerability in metastatic colorectal cancer.","authors":"Yuru Shang, Qingxi Yang, Runlin Zhang, Weiguo Xu, A M Abd El-Aty, Yu Gao, Tianbao Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02956-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02956-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysregulated lipid metabolism has emerged as a defining hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, particularly in metastatic disease, where metabolic adaptation and immune evasion are tightly interconnected, as demonstrated in both murine models and human studies. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that alterations in lipid synthesis, uptake, transport, and oxidation not only sustain tumor bioenergetics but also actively remodel the tumor immune microenvironment. Key lipid metabolic regulators-including FASN, SREBP signaling, CD36-mediated lipid uptake, cholesterol metabolism, and fatty acid oxidation-coordinate oncogenic signaling and promote immunosuppressive states characterized by T-cell exhaustion, macrophage polarization, and ferroptosis resistance, on the basis largely of correlative and preclinical evidence. Recent advances in multiomics technologies, including single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics, have enabled high-resolution mapping of lipid-dependent immune niches within metastatic CRC (mCRC) lesions. These approaches reveal lipid metabolism as a central organizer of tumor-immune interactions and identify previously unrecognized metabolic vulnerabilities. In this review, we integrate current knowledge on lipid metabolic reprogramming in CRC with emerging multiomics insights, highlighting the mechanisms linking lipid metabolism, ferroptosis, gut microbiota interactions, and immune remodeling. We further discuss therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolic pathways and their potential synergy with immunotherapy. Collectively, the results of this work suggest that understanding lipid metabolism is a unifying framework for understanding mCRC biology and developing metabolism-guided therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13277021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a preoperative glycolipid metabolism-based nomogram for predicting postoperative recurrence in primary glioma: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Haobin Liu, Yuxiao Wu, Haoyu Sun, Qunyu Sun, Mingguang Wang, Jinling Zhang, Zhong Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02968-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02968-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Glioma recurrence after surgery remains prevalent, significantly impacting patient survival. Tumor progression is closely linked to metabolic reprogramming, especially abnormalities involving glycolipid metabolism. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index accurately indicates insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disturbances. Although these metabolic indicators are prognostically valuable in various cancers, their role in forecasting glioma recurrence is still insufficiently investigated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The medical records of 302 primary glioma patients who received surgical treatment at Linyi People's Hospital from 2016 to 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Participants admitted to one ward (n = 236) were randomly assigned to either a training set (n = 141) or an internal validation set (n = 95). Another distinct ward provided patients (n = 66) for an independent internal validation group. In the training cohort, essential glycolipid metabolic parameters were identified via Bootstrap resampling combined with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, yielding a stabilized Bootstrap-LASSO Score (BSL-Score). Clinical variables alongside this score were subjected to univariate Cox regression analysis, and variables with statistical significance (P &lt; 0.05) progressed into multivariate Cox regression to pinpoint independent prognostic indicators. Subsequently, these independent indicators were integrated into a nomogram to forecast 1-, 2-, and 3-year postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS). Model performance was confirmed through concordance index (C-index) evaluation, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA), with Bootstrap correction utilized for the C-index.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the training cohort (n = 141), the nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.747 (95% CI: 0.676-0.818) and area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.832, 0.732, and 0.732 for 1‑, 2‑, and 3‑year RFS, respectively. In internal validation (n = 95), the C-index was 0.703 (95% CI: 0.584-0.807); in independent internal validation (n = 66), it was 0.785 (95% CI: 0.694-0.874). Calibration curves showed good agreement, and decision curve analysis confirmed clinical net benefit. The BSL‑Score, derived from routine metabolic parameters (TyG, triglyceride‑to‑high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL‑C), and TyG‑body mass index (TyG‑BMI)), was an independent predictor of recurrence (multivariate Cox, P &lt; 0.05). Risk stratification by the median nomogram score significantly distinguished high‑risk from low‑risk patients (log‑rank P &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The established nomogram effectively integrates preoperative glycolipid metabolic indicators with key clinical factors, accurately stratifying recurrence risk in postoperative glioma patients. It serves as a valuable reference for personalized postoper","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13274101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of caveolin-1 in atherosclerosis and its molecular mechanism.","authors":"Xuan Liu, Zian Wang, Bohan Liu, Jiancheng Wang, Qinghai Meng, Yu Li","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02965-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02965-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis (AS), the fundamental pathological basis of most cardiovascular diseases, is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disorder characterized by lipid deposition and plaque formation within the arterial wall. Despite significant advances in pharmacological and interventional therapies, the global burden of AS remains substantial, emphasizing the need to identify novel molecular regulators and therapeutic targets. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a key scaffolding protein of plasma membrane caveolae, has emerged as a context-dependent modulator of lipid handling and vascular homeostasis in AS. Evidence from experimental and clinical studies indicates that Cav-1 participates in endothelial low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transcytosis and barrier function in endothelial cells (ECs), regulates cholesterol efflux and inflammatory signaling in macrophages (MΦs), and influences phenotypic plasticity in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). These coordinated actions position Cav-1 at the intersection of lipid metabolism and vascular inflammation. Notably, while global Cav-1 deficiency markedly attenuates atherosclerotic lesion formation in animal models, the cell type-specific and stage-dependent mechanisms underlying these effects remain incompletely understood. Cav-1 activity is further modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs), particularly tyrosine-14 phosphorylation, which can influence its membrane localization, stability, and protein-protein interactions. In addition, emerging evidence suggests dynamic interplay between Cav-1 and autophagy-related pathways, highlighting its role in maintaining lipid and cellular homeostasis under metabolic stress. In this review, we systematically summarize current evidence regarding Cav-1 and caveolae across vascular cell types, delineate existing controversies and knowledge gaps, and evaluate the translational potential of targeting Cav-1-associated lipid regulatory pathways in AS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13270687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary fiber intake and mortality among adults with hyperlipidemia : a retrospective cohort analysis from NHANES 1999-2018.","authors":"Zhenpeng Ye, Mengfei Wei, Zhiruo Wang, Yingfei Zhang, Shea Michaela James, Chenchen Jiang, Chaoming Wu, Xiaomin Shi","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02961-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02961-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>According to the reports of previous studies, dietary fiber has a beneficial effect on controlling serum lipid indices. However, it still remains unclear whether dietary fiber has an influence on mortality among individuals with hyperlipidemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our cohort study assessed the association between the daily intake of dietary fiber and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality among adults with hyperlipidemia on the basis of the data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination (1999-2018) participants over 18 years old. For both of the continuous dietary fiber variable and the categorical dietary fiber variable, the Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models as well as the restricted cubic splines were used to assess this association after categorizing the participants into three groups based on the tertile of the daily intake of dietary fiber.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For every 10 g/day increase in the daily intake of dietary fiber, after multivariable adjustments, the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.791 (95% confidence interval 0.704-0.890), while the hazard ratio for cardiovascular disease mortality was 0.768 (95% confidence interval 0.609-0.968). Moreover, compared with participants with daily intake of dietary fiber below 11.4 g, the hazard ratios for participants with daily intake of dietary fiber above 18.15 g were 0.694 (95% confidence interval 0.560-0.860) for all-cause mortality and 0.607 (95% confidence interval 0.399-0.924) for cardiovascular disease mortality. Additionally, the association between the intake of dietary fiber and all-cause mortality remained consistent among most subgroups of adults with hyperlipidemia, such as the subgroup consisting of participants with a TC level ≥ 200 mg/dL, the subgroup composed of participants with a TG level ≥ 150 mg/dL, the subgroup made up of participants with a LDL-C level ≥ 130 mg/dL as well as the subgroup formed by females with a HDL-C level ≤ 50 mg/dL and males with a HDL-C level ≤ 40 mg/dL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For adults with hyperlipidemia, high daily intake of dietary fiber could reduce the risk of both of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13267347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood nutrition-related biomarkers for central nervous system injury rehabilitation prognosis: a retrospective study.","authors":"Guiqing Cheng, Kun Zhao, Xinge Yu, Wenhui Ding, Huilin Liu, Fen Ju, Wei Sun, Fei Tian, Feng Feng, Xinyu Liu, Tao Han, Yixing Lu, Xiaolong Sun, Hua Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02957-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02957-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is highly prevalent among patients with central nervous system (CNS) injuries. Although nutrition-related blood biomarkers help evaluate malnutrition, their prognostic value during CNS injury rehabilitation remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nutrition-related blood biomarkers on rehabilitation outcomes in CNS injury patients. METHODS: A total of 669 patients with CNS injuries admitted to a Chinese tertiary teaching hospital from December 2017 to December 2025 were enrolled. Functional outcomes were assessed using the mean relative functional gain (mRFG) of the modified Barthel index. Independent prognostic factors were identified using both univariate and multivariate analyses, including demographic and clinical characteristics, complications, and blood biomarkers. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to assess the optimal cutoff values for independent predictors. Findings were validated using restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis demonstrated that albumin (odds ratio [OR] = 0.934, P = 0.029), total cholesterol (TC, OR = 1.816, P < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, OR = 1.580, P = 0.003) were independent predictors of functional prognosis. When grouped by cutoff values, significant differences in mRFG were observed for albumin (cutoff value = 36.35 g/L, P = 0.002), TC (cutoff value = 3.24 mmol/L, P < 0.001), and LDL-C (cutoff value = 1.89 mmol/L, P < 0.001). RCS analyses demonstrated no significant nonlinear relationships. Subgroup analyses revealed no significant effect modification by injury type, although TC showed significant positive associations in spinal cord injury and hemorrhagic stroke. A significant gender interaction was found for TC (P for interaction = 0.021), with a stronger association in males (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.70–3.48). CONCLUSION: Albumin, TC, and LDL-C are independent predictors of functional prognosis in patients with CNS injury. Albumin is protective, while TC and LDL-C correlate with poorer outcomes. The identified cutoff values may help clinicians guide patient management and prognostic assessment. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13267521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TyHGB as a predictive marker for preeclampsia: association with increased risk in pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance.","authors":"Yongying Bai, Ya Xi, Jiamin Huang, Kaiqi Wu, Binbin Yin, Jinghua Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02962-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02962-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is considered a crucial pathophysiological driver of preeclampsia. The triglyceride high-density cholesterol-glucose body index (TyHGB) represents a simple and reliable alternative indicator of IR. This study aimed to test the potential link between TyHGB and the risk of preeclampsia. METHODS: The study enrolled 23,219 singleton pregnant women. TyHGB levels were taken into account to stratify participants into quartiles. Multivariable regression and subgroup analyses focused on examining the independent association between TyHGB and preeclampsia. Model discrimination was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, model calibration was assessed via calibration curves, and clinical utility was determined by decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: The risk of preeclampsia increased gradually with elevated TyHGB levels. According to logistic regression analysis, in the unadjusted model, each 1-unit increase in TyHGB indicated a 1.61-fold higher risk of preeclampsia, with significant differences across all quartiles. This trend persisted in the third and fourth quartiles after adjusting for all confounders (both P < 0.001). Relative to the lowest quartile, the highest TyHGB quartile exhibited the highest risk of preeclampsia (relative risk [RR]: 3.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.15–4.97). Subgroup analyses indicated that these associations remained largely unchanged regardless of age and parity. The predictive model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.682 (95% CI: 0.676–0.688), with a sensitivity of 73.85% and a specificity of 53.82%. The calibration curve demonstrated satisfactory calibration (mean absolute error = 0.002). DCA further confirmed the clinically meaningful utility of the model. AUC comparisons showed that TyHGB outperformed other metabolic indices: the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and fasting glucose. CONCLUSIONS: TyHGB was strongly and positively associated with preeclampsia, and such association remained consistent after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. These observations revealed that elevated TyHGB indicated a higher risk of preeclampsia. This study contributed to a practical supplementary tool for preeclampsia screening, which may facilitate better maternal and fetal outcomes. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13251273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherogenic index of plasma in early pregnancy: associations with gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia and its mediating role.","authors":"Ning Zhang, Biying Wu, Jiangxia Li, Xiaoqin Wang, Rui Zhang, Jun Liu, Min Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02955-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02955-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are severe complications that significantly impact maternal and fetal well-being. Although their clinical association is well-established, the role of dyslipidemia remains unclear. The objective of this investigation was to characterize a readily available lipid indicator that functions as both an early predictor and a mediator of the link between GDM and PE, thereby supporting timely clinical intervention. METHODS: A total of 1858 singleton pregnant women recruited from Eastern and Western China were included in this study. Fasting serum lipid profiles were collected during the first trimester (between the 10th and 14th weeks). Lasso regression and the Boruta algorithm were used to identify an optimized lipid-derived predictor for PE. Additionally, association and mediation modeling were implemented to evaluate the contribution of the selected lipid marker to the GDM-PE association. RESULTS: The mean age of all participants was 30 (27, 33) years. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were the only lipid-related variables identified at the intersection of Lasso and Boruta analyses as candidate predictors for PE. In the GDM with PE group, AIP was significantly higher than in other subgroups, whereas TC and HDL-C were not. A high first-trimester AIP emerged as an independent risk factor for both GDM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33 to 2.27, P < 0.001) and PE (aOR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.10 to 5.15, P = 0.028). Restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis revealed a significant nonlinear association between AIP and the risk of GDM, and a linear association with PE. Crucially, mediation analysis demonstrated that AIP significantly mediated the association between GDM and PE, accounting for 31.45% of the total effect (P = 0.012), a proportion exceeding that of other lipid parameters such as triglyceride (TG) (29.58%). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that early-pregnancy AIP predicts a greater susceptibility to both GDM and PE, while functioning as a critical mediator of their pathological interrelationship. These observations highlight AIP as a highly accessible and cost-effective indicator for stratifying PE risk, offering a practical strategy to mitigate severe obstetric complications and enhance global maternal health outcomes. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13251104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regular exercise modifies the effects of 12 LDL-C SNPs on cardiovascular disease risk: KoGES.","authors":"Yon Chul Park, Ahhyun Cho, Yong-Sang Kim, Yonghwan Kim, Jae-Min Park, Kunhee Han, Bomtaeck Kim, Kwangyoon Kim, Junghwa Shin, Yu-Jin Kwon, Ja-Eun Choi, Kyung-Won Hong","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02963-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02963-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease risk is significantly driven by dyslipidemia, making it a crucial target for clinical management; however, the translation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-related genetic susceptibility into clinical events is complex. Although regular physical activity improves cardiometabolic health, its effects on LDL-C concentrations are often modest. The present study investigated whether habitual exercise modifies the clinical expression of established LDL-C-associated genetic variants and their association with both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes among individuals with dyslipidemia. METHODS: Data from 20,748 adults with dyslipidemia from the Korea Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) were analyzed. Twelve LDL-C-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were validated across independent Korean cohorts, were utilised to assess genetic risk. Associations with LDL-C levels and clinical outcomes (specifically including overall cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke) were evaluated by using multivariable regression and propensity score matching to minimise self-selection bias. Gene-exercise interactions were assessed by using multiplicative interaction terms. RESULTS: All of the selected SNPs demonstrated robust, directionally consistent associations with LDL-C levels regardless of exercise status. Exercise was associated with improved high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels but did not substantially alter LDL-C concentrations. Notably, significant gene-exercise interactions for ischemic stroke were identified at the DHODH/HP (interaction odds ratio [OR] = 0.65, P = 0.029) and HPR (interaction OR = 0.65, P = 0.026) loci. These interaction signals remained directionally consistent in the propensity score-matched cohort, thus suggesting that exercise could attenuate genetic stroke risk through nonlipid pathways. Although these findings did not persist after stringent Bonferroni correction, they provide exploratory evidence of locus-specific interplay. CONCLUSIONS: Although the genetic architecture of LDL-C appears to be stable across physical activity strata, habitual exercise may modify the clinical manifestations of LDL-related genetic susceptibility, particularly regarding ischemic stroke. These findings suggest that regular exercise reduces cerebrovascular risk even in the presence of inherited lipid-related risk. By highlighting the active buffering effect of lifestyle modifications against genetic vulnerability, these results provide actionable evidence for precision prevention strategies, thereby fundamentally supporting broader public health initiatives to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases and foster long-term health and well-being. </p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13255458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}