{"title":"Comprehensive classification of the algebra generated by two idempotent matrices","authors":"Rounak Biswas, Falguni Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For two idempotent matrix <span><math><mi>P</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>∈</mo><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>, let alg<span><math><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mi>P</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> denote the smallest subalgebra of <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> that contains <span><math><mi>P</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Q</mi></math></span> and the identity matrix <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. This paper provides a complete classification of alg<span><math><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mi>P</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> without imposing any restrictions on <em>P</em> and <em>Q</em>. As a result of this classification, the issue of group invertibility within alg<span><math><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mi>P</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is fully resolved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"705 ","pages":"Pages 185-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum subspace controllability implying full controllability","authors":"Francesca Albertini , Domenico D'Alessandro","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the analysis of controllability of finite dimensional quantum systems, <em>subspace controllability</em> refers to the situation where the underlying Hilbert space splits into the direct sum of invariant subspaces, and, on each of such invariant subspaces, it is possible to generate any arbitrary unitary operation using appropriate control functions. This is a typical situation in the presence of symmetries for the dynamics.</div><div>We investigate whether and when if subspace controllability is verified, the addition of an extra Hamiltonian to the dynamics implies full controllability of the system. Under the natural (and necessary) condition that the new Hamiltonian connects all the invariant subspaces, we show that this is always the case, except for a very specific case we shall describe. Even in this specific case, a weaker notion of controllability, controllability of the state (<em>Pure State Controllability</em>) is verified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"705 ","pages":"Pages 207-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combinatorial reduction of set functions and matroid permutations through minor invertible product assignment","authors":"Mario Angelelli","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce an algebraic model, based on the determinantal expansion of the product of two matrices, to test combinatorial reductions of set functions. Each term of the determinantal expansion is deformed through a monomial factor in <em>d</em> indeterminates, whose exponents define a <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>-valued set function. By combining the Grassmann-Plücker relations for the two matrices, we derive a family of sparse polynomials, whose factorisation properties in a Laurent polynomial ring are studied and related to information-theoretic notions.</div><div>Under a given genericity condition, we prove the equivalence between combinatorial reductions and determinantal expansions with invertible minor products; specifically, a deformation returns a determinantal expansion if and only if it is induced by a diagonal matrix of units in <span><math><mi>C</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> acting as a kernel in the original determinant expression. This characterisation supports the definition of a new method for checking and recovering combinatorial reductions for matroid permutations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"705 ","pages":"Pages 89-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collocation methods for nonlinear differential equations on low-rank manifolds","authors":"Alec Dektor","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce new methods for integrating nonlinear differential equations on low-rank manifolds. These methods rely on interpolatory projections onto the tangent space, enabling low-rank time integration of vector fields that can be evaluated entry-wise. A key advantage of our approach is that it does not require the vector field to exhibit low-rank structure, thereby overcoming significant limitations of traditional dynamical low-rank methods based on orthogonal projection. To construct the interpolatory projectors, we develop a sparse tensor sampling algorithm based on the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) that parameterizes tensor train manifolds and their tangent spaces with cross interpolation. Using these projectors, we propose two time integration schemes on low-rank tensor train manifolds. The first scheme integrates the solution at selected interpolation indices and constructs the solution with cross interpolation. The second scheme generalizes the well-known orthogonal projector-splitting integrator to interpolatory projectors. We demonstrate the proposed methods with applications to several tensor differential equations arising from the discretization of partial differential equations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"705 ","pages":"Pages 143-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digraphs with few distinct eigenvalues","authors":"M. Cavers , B. Miraftab","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.10.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.10.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides insight into the problem of characterizing digraphs (with loops permitted) that have few distinct adjacency eigenvalues, or equivalently, characterizing square <span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>-matrices that have few distinct eigenvalues. A spectral characterization of strongly connected digraphs whose adjacency matrix has exactly two distinct eigenvalues is given and constructions of such digraphs are described. In addition, bipartite digraphs with exactly three distinct eigenvalues are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"705 ","pages":"Pages 129-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The double almost-Riordan group","authors":"Tian-Xiao He","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.10.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.10.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we define double almost-Riordan arrays and find that the set of all double almost-Riordan arrays forms a group, called the double almost-Riordan group. We also obtain the sequence characteristics of double almost-Riordan arrays and give the production matrices of two types for double almost-Riordan arrays. In addition, we discuss the algebraic properties of the double almost-Riordan group, and finally give the compression of double almost-Riordan arrays and their sequence characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"705 ","pages":"Pages 50-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gregor Dolinar , Dijana Ilišević , Bojan Kuzma , Janko Marovt
{"title":"Bi-monotone maps on the set of all variance-covariance matrices with respect to minus partial order","authors":"Gregor Dolinar , Dijana Ilišević , Bojan Kuzma , Janko Marovt","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.10.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2024.10.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> be the cone of all positive semidefinite <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>n</mi></math></span> real matrices. We describe the form of all surjective maps on <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>3</mn></math></span>, that preserve the minus partial order in both directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"705 ","pages":"Pages 26-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luke Duttweiler, Sally W. Thurston, Anthony Almudevar
{"title":"Spectral Bayesian network theory","authors":"Luke Duttweiler, Sally W. Thurston, Anthony Almudevar","doi":"10.1016/j.laa.2023.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laa.2023.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>A Bayesian Network (BN) is a probabilistic model that represents a set of variables using a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Current algorithms for learning BN structures from data focus on estimating the edges of a specific DAG, and often lead to many ‘likely’ network structures. In this paper, we lay the groundwork for an approach that focuses on learning global properties of the DAG rather than exact edges. This is done by defining the </span><span><em>structural </em><em>hypergraph</em></span> of a BN, which is shown to be related to the inverse-covariance matrix of the network. Spectral bounds are derived for the normalized inverse-covariance matrix, which are shown to be closely related to the maximum indegree of the associated BN.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18043,"journal":{"name":"Linear Algebra and its Applications","volume":"674 ","pages":"Pages 282-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10373448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9921997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}