Neha Kumari, Ahmed Hussain, Shashwati Ghosh Sachan
{"title":"Microbes as a tool for the bioremediation of fish waste from the environment and the production of value-added compounds: a review.","authors":"Neha Kumari, Ahmed Hussain, Shashwati Ghosh Sachan","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/lambio/ovae028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish are the most edible protein source worldwide and generate several remnants such as scales, viscera, head, bone, and skin. Fish wastes are not disposed of properly, which adversely affects the environment, especially the water bodies where fish processing industries dispose of their waste. Fish waste mainly contains nitrogen, oil, fat, salts, heavy metals, and organic compounds, which increase the biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand. Fish waste can degrade in various ways, such as physicochemical or by enzymatic action, but using microbes is an environmentally friendly approach that can provide valuable compounds such as products such as collagen, chitin, minerals, and fish protein concentrates. This review is designed to focus on the suitability of microbes as tools for fish waste degradation and the production of certain associated. This study also provides insight into the production of other compounds such as protease, chitinase, and chitin applicability of these products. After processing, fish waste as a microbial growth media for enzyme production since microorganisms synthesize enzymes such as proteases, protein hydrolysates, lipids, and chitinase, which have broader applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biomedical material, and food processing industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140136932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of Staphylococcus argenteus among food handlers, kitchen utensils, and food samples in Japan.","authors":"Yuki Wakabayashi, Yuko Kumeda, Shizue Yoshihara, Hayato Tokumoto, Kentaro Kawatsu, Masami Miyake","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae031","DOIUrl":"10.1093/lambio/ovae031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Staphylococcus argenteus has received increased attention from an aspect of food safety since several food poisoning outbreaks caused by the bacterium were reported in Japan. However, S. argenteus prevalence among food handlers and utensils has not yet been investigated. In this study, we investigated S. argenteus prevalence among a collection of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) that were isolated during food sanitary inspections in Japan. Out of a total of 191 CPS isolates, 14 were identified as S. argenteus. One was isolated from shelled shrimp, nine were isolated from food handlers' hand swabs, and four were isolated from kitchen utensils. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that transmission of S. argenteus from human hands to utensils was possible. Though all 14 isolates were negative for the pvl and tst-1 genes, 6 harbored the seb gene. Only 21.4% of S. argenteus isolates were resistant to antibiotics, while 62.1% of the S. aureus isolates from the same sources were confirmed to be resistant. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate possible transmission of S. argenteus from food handlers to utensils in food-processing environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expression of concern: Preventing contamination of PCR-based multiplex assays including the use of a dedicated biosafety cabinet.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae039","DOIUrl":"10.1093/lambio/ovae039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristian Mauricio Barreto Pinilla, Wellington da Silva Oliveira, Aline de Oliveira Garcia, L. M. Spadoti, B. Redruello, B. del Rio, Miguel A Alvarez, A. T. Silva e Alves
{"title":"Brazilian indigenous Non-Starter Lactic acid Bacteria enhance the diversification of volatile compounds in short-aged cheese.","authors":"Cristian Mauricio Barreto Pinilla, Wellington da Silva Oliveira, Aline de Oliveira Garcia, L. M. Spadoti, B. Redruello, B. del Rio, Miguel A Alvarez, A. T. Silva e Alves","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lambio/ovae036","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing interest in using autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that provide unique sensory characteristics to dairy products without affecting their safety and quality. This work studied the capacity of three Brazilian indigenous non-starter LABs (NSLAB) to produce biogenic amines (BAs) and evaluated their effect on the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), microbial LAB communities, and physicochemical profile of short-aged cheese. Initially, the strain's potential for biosynthesis of BAs was assessed by PCR and in vitro assays. Then, a pilot-scale cheese was produced, including the NSLAB, and the microbial and VOC profiles were analyzed after 25 and 45 days of ripening. As results, the strains did not present genes related to relevant BAs and did not produce them in vitro. During cheese ripening, the Lactococci counts were reduced, probably in the production of alcohols and acid compounds by the NSLAB. Each strain produces a unique VOC profile that changes over the ripening time without the main VOCs related to rancid or old cheese. Particularly, the use of the strain Lacticaseibacillus. paracasei ItalPN16 resulted in production of ester compounds with fruity notes. Thus, indigenous NSLAB could be a valuable tool for the enhancement and diversification of flavor in short-aged cheese.","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
You Tang, Moxi Zhou, Chuyun Yang, Rong Liu, Hongyi Du, Ming Ma
{"title":"Advances in isolated phages that affect Ralstonia solanacearum and their application in the biocontrol of bacterial wilt in plants.","authors":"You Tang, Moxi Zhou, Chuyun Yang, Rong Liu, Hongyi Du, Ming Ma","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lambio/ovae037","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial wilt is a widespread and devastating disease that impacts the production of numerous crucial crops worldwide. The main causative agent of the disease is Ralstonia solanacearum. Due to the pathogen's broad host range and prolonged survival in the soil, it is challenging to control the disease with conventional strategies. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop effective alternative disease control strategies. In recent years, phage therapy has emerged as an environmentally friendly and sustainable biocontrol alternative, demonstrating significant potential in controlling this severe disease. This paper summarized basic information about isolated phages that infect R. solanacearum, and presented some examples of their application in the biocontrol of bacterial wilt. The risks of phage application and future prospect in this area were also discussed. Overall, R. solanacearum phages have been isolated from various regions and environments worldwide. These phages belong mainly to the Inoviridae, Autographiviridae, Peduoviridae, and Cystoviridae families, with some being unclassified. Studies on the application of these phages have demonstrated their ability to reduce pathogenicity of R. solanacearum through direct lysis or indirect alteration of the pathogen's physiological properties. These findings suggested bacteriophage is a promising tool for biocontrol of bacterial wilt in plants.","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado, Itziar Chapartegui-González, Vinicius Silva Castro, E. E. Figueiredo, C. Conte‐Junior, Alfredo G Torres
{"title":"Biofilm-producing Escherichia coli O104: H4 overcomes bile salts toxicity by expressing virulence and resistance proteins.","authors":"Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado, Itziar Chapartegui-González, Vinicius Silva Castro, E. E. Figueiredo, C. Conte‐Junior, Alfredo G Torres","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lambio/ovae032","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated bile salts' ability to induce phenotypic changes in biofilm production and protein expression of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. For this purpose, 82 pathogenic E. coli strains isolated from humans (n = 70), and animals (n = 12), were examined for their ability to form biofilms in the presence or absence of bile salts. We also identified bacterial proteins expressed in response to bile salts using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-electrophoresis) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Lastly, we evaluated the ability of these strains to adhere to Caco-2 epithelial cells in the presence of bile salts. Regarding biofilm formation, two strains isolated from an outbreak in Republic of Georgia in 2009 were the only ones that showed a high and moderate capacity to form biofilm in the presence of bile salts. Further, we observed that those isolates, when in the presence of bile salts, expressed different proteins identified as outer membrane proteins (i.e. OmpC), and resistance to adverse growth conditions (i.e. F0F1, HN-S, and L7/L12). We also found that these isolates exhibited high adhesion to epithelial cells in the presence of bile salts. Together, these results contribute to the phenotypic characterization of E. coli O104: H4 strains.","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiffany S. Louie, Anil Kumar, Elisabetta Bini, Max M Häggblom
{"title":"Mo than Meets the Eye: Genomic Insights into Molybdoenzyme Diversity of Seleniivibrio woodruffii strain S4T.","authors":"Tiffany S. Louie, Anil Kumar, Elisabetta Bini, Max M Häggblom","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lambio/ovae038","url":null,"abstract":"Seleniivibrio woodruffii strain S4T is an obligate anaerobe belonging to the phylum Deferribacterota. It was isolated for its ability to respire selenate and was also found to respire arsenate. The high-quality draft genome of this bacterium is 2.9 Mbp, has a G+C content of 48%, 2,762 predicted genes of which 2,709 are protein-coding and 53 RNA genes. An analysis of the genome focusing on the genes encoding for molybdenum-containing enzymes (molybdoenzymes) uncovered a remarkable number of genes encoding for members of the dimethylsulfoxide reductase family of proteins (DMSOR), including putative reductases for selenate and arsenate respiration, as well as genes for nitrogen-fixation. Respiratory molybdoenzymes catalyze redox reactions that transfer electrons to a variety of substrates that can act as terminal electron acceptors for energy generation. S. woodruffii strain S4T also has essential genes for molybdate transporters and the biosynthesis of the molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide cofactors characteristic of the active centers of DMSORs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed candidate respiratory DMSORs spanning 9 subfamilies encoded within the genome. Our analysis revealed the untapped potential of this interesting microorganism and expands our knowledge of molybdoenzyme co-occurrence.","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucia Rivas, David Duncan, Jing Wang, Hilary Miller, J. Wright
{"title":"Using CHROMagar™ STEC medium exclusively does not recover all clinically relevant Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli in Aotearoa, New Zealand.","authors":"Lucia Rivas, David Duncan, Jing Wang, Hilary Miller, J. Wright","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lambio/ovae033","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnostic laboratories in Aotearoa New Zealand refer cultures from faecal samples positive for Shiga-toxin genes to the national Enteric Reference Laboratory for isolation of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) for epidemiological typing. As there was variation in the culture media being referred, a panel of 75 clinical isolates of STEC, representing 28 different serotypes, was used to assess six commercially available media and provide guidance to clinical laboratories. Recommendations were subsequently tested for a three-month period where STEC isolations and confirmations were assessed by whole genome sequencing analysis against the culture media referred. CHROMagar™ STEC (CH-STEC; CHROMagar Microbiology, Paris, France) or CH-STEC plus cefixime-tellurite sorbitol MacConkey agar (CT-SMAC) was confirmed inferior to CH-STEC plus Blood agar with vancomycin, cefsulodin and cefixime (BVCC). The former resulted in fewer STEC types (n = 18) being confirmed compared to those from a combination of CH-STEC and BVCC (n = 42). A significant (P <0.05) association with an STEC's ability to grow on CH-STEC and the presence of the ter gene cluster, and eae was observed. Culturing screen positive STEC samples onto both CH-STEC and BVCC ensures a consistently higher recovery of STEC from all clinical samples in NZ than CH-STEC alone.","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140747155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro analysis on the adhesion potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum from infant feces and its gastrointestinal localization, growth promotion and immunomodulation in Wistar rats: A preliminary study.","authors":"Rakhie Narayanan, T. Keerthi","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lambio/ovae034","url":null,"abstract":"Lactic acid bacteria, found in heterogenous niches, are known for their health-endorsing properties and are in demand as prospective probiotics. Hence, the scientific community around the globe is in continuous search for novel and new potential strains with extensive applicability and minimum risk. In this context, the present study evaluated the efficiency of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (P2F2) of human origin, a highly autoaggregating and coaggregating (with pathogens) strain for its colonization, growth promotion, and immunomodulation. Results indicated moderate hydrophobicity on adhesion to xylene and n-hexadecane and weak electron-donating properties with chloroform. The biofilm of P2F2 formed on polystyrene was strong and highly correlated to exopolysaccharide production. The autoaggregation was moderately correlated to hydrophobicity and biofilm production. It was noted that the P2F2 strain modulated the gut microbiota and increased intestinal villi length in Wistar rats. The lipid and glucose profiles remained intact. P2F2 treatment increased the activity of reactive oxygen species generating cells of the peritoneal cavity besides augmenting the mitogen- induced splenocyte proliferation and maintained the immunoglobulins at the normal level. Results from this study conclusively suggest that the strain P2F2 adhere to the intestine, and modulate the gut ecosystem besides enhancing cell-mediated immunity without altering the serological parameters tested.","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140754530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Gabriela Carvalho Rodrigues do Nascimento, Alessandra Monteiro de Paula, Jader Galba Busato, Gino Chaves da Rocha, Simone Perecmanis, Sâmia Gomes da Silva, Antônio Raphael Texeira Neto
{"title":"Impact of Aspergillus fumigatus inoculation on the composting of wood shaving bedding for horses.","authors":"Ana Gabriela Carvalho Rodrigues do Nascimento, Alessandra Monteiro de Paula, Jader Galba Busato, Gino Chaves da Rocha, Simone Perecmanis, Sâmia Gomes da Silva, Antônio Raphael Texeira Neto","doi":"10.1093/lambio/ovae023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/lambio/ovae023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Equine farming generates a significant amount of waste, prompting the need for effective management. Composting enhanced by filamentous fungi holds promise for this purpose. This study focused on inoculating Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in composting horse bedding made with wood shavings (Pinus elliottii). The experiment lasted 90 days, with two treatment groups, control and inoculated, analyzing temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon and nitrogen content, and cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents. Both treatments entered the thermophilic phase by the fourth day, reaching temperatures above 55°C and mesophilic maturation at 35 days (41 ± 0.2°C). The inoculated treatment exhibited higher electrical conductivity after 30 days and a more pronounced reduction in the total carbon content (42.85% vs. 38.29%) compared to the control. While there was no significant nitrogen difference, the inoculated treatment had a sharper reduction in carbon/nitrogen ratio, and cellulose and hemicellulose contents. Both treatments showed low coliform counts, no Salmonella sp., and reduced Strongyloides sp. larvae. Inoculating A. fumigatus in saturated horse bedding made from wood shavings improved compost quality, providing a possibility for sustainable equine farming waste treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":17962,"journal":{"name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}