Global Ecology and Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"Environmental Filtering Weakens Latitudinal Diversity Gradients in Soil Biodiversity Worldwide","authors":"Gui-Feng Gao,&nbsp;Haiyan Chu,&nbsp;Teng Yang,&nbsp;Mingliang Ye,&nbsp;Xu Liu,&nbsp;Xiaofang Du,&nbsp;Luyao Song,&nbsp;Minyu Jing,&nbsp;Yuzhuo Zhao,&nbsp;Bin Ma,&nbsp;Jianming Xu,&nbsp;Nico Eisenhauer,&nbsp;Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo","doi":"10.1111/geb.70274","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70274","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), a foundational pattern describing increasing biodiversity towards the Equator, has been extensively documented for aboveground organisms. However, whether this pattern holds for belowground biodiversity, the largest component of Earth's biodiversity remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studies</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protists, and Invertebrates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We put together two data collections (amplicon and metagenomics) encompassing over 5,000 soil samples published online across multiple trophic levels, including archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists, and invertebrates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results demonstrate that multitrophic soil biodiversity deviates substantially from the classical LDG, with most taxa showing no decline in diversity with increasing latitude. We further found that local-scale edaphic properties (e.g., soil carbon, nitrogen, and pH) and global-scale climatic variables (e.g., rainfall and temperature), largely override latitude in explaining soil biodiversity variations. Multi-group structural equation modelling indicated that local diversity was primarily governed by regional diversity and soil nitrogen availability, suggesting that nutrient supply mediates spatial variation in community assembly across regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings challenge the universality of the classical LDG pattern and advance our understanding of the mechanisms shaping global soil biodiversity patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Assembly Processes Change With Location and Environmental Distinctiveness in River Networks","authors":"Thomas Fuß,&nbsp;Lukas Thuile Bistarelli,&nbsp;Lauren Talluto,&nbsp;Rubén del Campo,&nbsp;Florian Altermatt,&nbsp;Frank O. Masese,&nbsp;Gabriel Singer","doi":"10.1111/geb.70275","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70275","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Organisms disperse in space, thereby connecting local communities to metacommunities. Dispersal and environmental selection are two community assembly processes ultimately driving biodiversity and potentially scaling to ecosystem functioning. So far, these processes have mainly been generalized to entire metacommunities, ignoring their variability among constituent sites. This limits our understanding of community assembly in river networks, where unidirectional water flow connects, but also isolates, environmentally heterogeneous sites across the network from headwaters to large rivers. For the first time, we aimed at a site-specific description of periphyton community assembly processes to investigate how the relative importance of dispersal and environmental selection at the local scale relates to spatial connection among sites and their environmental conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Three river networks: The Mara (Kenya), the Thur (Switzerland) and the Vjosa (Albania and Greece).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We collected data during five field campaigns from January 2018 to October 2019.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Algae attached to streambed sediments (periphyton).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We fitted joint species distribution models to taxonomically highly resolved molecular biological datasets. We inferred the site-specific importance of dispersal and environmental selection from effects of spatial and environmental variables on community composition. We then used generalized additive models to reveal shifts in the relative importance of assembly processes along catchment area and environmental distinctiveness.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Environmental selection was particularly important in midsized streams and at sites with more distinct environmental conditions. Dispersal developed the greatest role in large rivers—possibly due to mass effects in well-connected large rivers. We also found indication for dispersal limitation to affect spatially isolated headwaters in the Thur.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We revealed a systematic shift in assembly processes along river ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defaunation Maps for Tropical Mammals and Birds","authors":"Ana Benítez-López,&nbsp;Luca Santini,&nbsp;Carlos A. Peres,&nbsp;Pierre-Michel Forget,&nbsp;Marijke van Kuijk,&nbsp;Cécile Richard-Hansen,&nbsp;Eric Guilbert,&nbsp;Andressa B. Scabin,&nbsp;Eloy Revilla,&nbsp;Iago Ferreiro-Arias","doi":"10.1111/geb.70280","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overhunting is a major driver of defaunation in tropical ecosystems, yet its impacts and spatial extent remain challenging to quantify through conventional remote sensing approaches. Novel modelling frameworks based on quantitative relationships between impacts on wildlife populations and the main drivers of hunting pressure have provided a mean to identify hotspots of defaunation for avian and mammalian communities at a pantropical scale. However, the absence of spatially explicit predictions of hunting impacts at the species level hinders comprehensive assessments of biodiversity loss. Here, we present species-specific defaunation raster maps for 4992 birds and mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Types of Variables Contained</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Raw abundance datasets reporting paired abundance estimates in hunted and unhunted areas, year and location of data collection, reference of the original study, taxonomic information, and predictor variables. Defaunation index maps in raster format at 1 km × 1 km resolution for 3680 species of birds and 1312 species of mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Spatial Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pantropical.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1980–2025 for the abundance estimates, 2020 for the defaunation rasters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa and Level of Measurement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tropical bird and mammal species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Software Format</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One dataset in csv format with raw abundance estimates from local studies, 4992 raster files in tif format with defaunation values per grid cell.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148428882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Quantification of the Ecological Footprint of Freshwater Fish Invasions","authors":"Bo Yang,&nbsp;Rodolphe E. Gozlan,&nbsp;Yushun Chen","doi":"10.1111/geb.70278","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70278","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Biological invasions are widely recognised as a major driver of global change, yet their mechanisms and impacts remain unevenly quantified across ecosystem dimensions. Freshwater ecosystems, among the most threatened worldwide, offer a critical arena to test invasion theory, from Elton's hypothesis on biotic resistance to contemporary models of trophic cascades and ecosystem regime shifts. Here, we aim to quantify the global impacts of invasive freshwater fish on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across multiple trophic levels and to identify patterns related to invader feeding strategy and ecosystem sensitivity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global; freshwater ecosystems worldwide.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1986–2024.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Freshwater fish, amphibians, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, zooplankton, phytoplankton and periphyton.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Synthesis of 149 published studies encompassing 1055 invasion cases. A multi-level mixed-effects meta-analysis was used to assess invasion impacts across seven aquatic functional groups, accounting for cross-trophic interactions and invader feeding strategy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We show that invasive fish consistently depress abundance and diversity of native fish, amphibians and macroinvertebrates, while reducing macrophytes and zooplankton through resource competition and habitat alteration. In parallel, invasive species can trigger trophic cascades and bioturbation processes that stimulate phytoplankton and periphyton proliferation, pushing ecosystems across ecological thresholds towards alternative turbid and eutrophic stable states. Impacts pathways differ according to invader feeding strategy: omnivorous cyprinids often function as ecosystem engineers with broad ecosystem-level effects, whereas carnivorous salmonids primarily alter communities through top-down suppression.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;By identifying taxa that respond consistently to fish invasions across trophic levels (fish, amphibians, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes) and by highlighting omnivorous and carnivorous invaders as k","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroecology of Microbial Performance Across Earth's Biomes","authors":"Angel Rain-Franco,&nbsp;Adrian-Stefan Andrei,&nbsp;Jakob Pernthaler","doi":"10.1111/geb.70279","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A central goal of global ecology is to determine whether widespread spatial distribution reflects broad ecological performance. For microorganisms, this remains unresolved because occurrence and performance are rarely evaluated together across biomes. Here, we examine how global distribution and ecological performance are linked across Earth's biomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bacteria and archaea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed 576,531 publicly available microbial communities spanning 24 biomes across host-associated and free-living systems worldwide. We developed the Baas-Becking score (BB-score), a taxon-level metric that combines occupancy and relative abundance while penalising absences to quantify relative taxa performance within biomes. Here, the BB-score was applied to data of OTUs with 99% identity cut-off. We then used network analysis to measure biome connectivity based on similarities in their top-performing microbial subcommunities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately 64% of microbial taxa occurred in both host-associated and free-living biomes, indicating that ecological flexibility across this major lifestyle boundary is common. Biome specialisation was rare, with the highest biome-restricted taxa found in saline biomes. Most microbial taxa emerged as high performers in only a few biomes. By contrast, only a small set of taxa repeatedly ranked among the top performers across many biomes, revealing a strong decoupling between widespread occurrence and high performance. Network analysis of shared high-performing taxa further identified the atmosphere, phyllosphere and freshwater as the main hubs linking Earth's ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Widespread occurrence does not necessarily indicate high ecological performance in microbes. Instead, global microbial biogeography reflects the combined effects of dispersal and biome-specific performance, with biome connectivity structured by shared high-performing taxa and a small set of hub biomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148415610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and Seasonal Variation in Avian Dietary Strategies","authors":"André M. Bellvé,&nbsp;Reymond J. Miyajima,&nbsp;Marta A. Jarzyna","doi":"10.1111/geb.70276","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70276","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Diet is a fundamental aspect of vertebrate life history, shaping survival, recruitment, and fitness. While spatial variation in avian dietary characteristics has been studied, seasonal dynamics at species and assemblage levels remain largely unexplored, hindering our understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes. We present the first global-scale assessment of seasonal variation in avian dietary space and its environmental drivers.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Contemporary.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Birds.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We integrated seasonal species distributions for over 10,000 bird species with the SAviTraits 1.0 database, a compilation of intra-annual variation in species-specific dietary preferences. We summarized the avian dietary space using a Log Ratio Analysis and identified the dominant components of seasonal variation in avian dietary space using a Principal Component Analysis. To assess species contributions to the seasonality of assemblage-level dietary space, we quantified species-level annual variability in dietary characteristics. Finally, we examined correlations of assemblage-level dietary variability with temperature, precipitation, and GPP seasonality as well as with predictability of seasonal changes using logistic quantile regressions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Strong seasonal variation in dietary space exists at both assemblage and species levels, and is most pronounced in temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere. This seasonality arises from two key processes: (1) the seasonal redistribution of migratory species, which occupy distinct regions of dietary space, alters assemblage composition and thus dietary space, and (2) within-species dietary shifts. We also find that temporal variation in avian diets is linked to different environmental drivers across latitudes, with temperature seasonality playing a dominant role in northern regions and precipitation seasonality being more influential in southern regions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Viewing species' traits as dynamic systems provides a","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148409149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Atmospheric CO2 Adversely Affects Large Pollinators, but Benefits Small Pollinators","authors":"Shahmshad Ahmed Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Tanveer,&nbsp;Kit Prendergast,&nbsp;Taimoor Hussain,&nbsp;Arslan Shehryar,&nbsp;Asif Mehmood","doi":"10.1111/geb.70277","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70277","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study examines the impact of atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration on pollinator communities, focusing on body size-related responses. It aims to understand how natural CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; variability influences pollinator abundance and diversity, and to assess potential ecological consequences for pollination services and ecosystem stability.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study was conducted across the Pothwar Plateau in Punjab, Pakistan, covering five districts: Murree, Rawalpindi/Islamabad, Jhelum, Chakwal and Attock.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Field data were collected from September 2018 to May 2022, excluding December and January when pollinator activity was low.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study focused on insect pollinators, including bees and hoverflies, and classified them into large- and small-bodied groups based on size thresholds (e.g., bees were classified as large if their body length was ≥ 15 mm, and flies were classified as large if their body length was ≥ 10 mm).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 25 study sites were randomly selected across an elevational gradient ranging from 350 to 2291 m. Atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations were measured using a Temtop M2000 2nd digital meter at a standardized height of 1 m. Pollinator abundance and diversity were monitored using a transect-based observation method (50 m transects, four per site). Sampling was conducted weekly from September to May, excluding December and January. Pollinators were identified in the field or collected for species-level identification in the laboratory using morphological and image-based techniques. Body size was measured using digital callipers. Statistical analyses were performed using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) to evaluate the relationship between pollinator populations, atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; levels and other abiotic factors, while accounting for body size.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A significant size-dependent response to atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations was observed. Larger-bodied pollinators showed declines in abundance and diversity with increasing CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; levels, likely due to higher metabolic oxygen demands. In contrast, smaller-bodied pollinators showed a positive association with elevated CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations. The relationship between CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and pollinator communitie","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148393903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Imprints and Future Shifts: Evolutionary Biogeography of Atlantic Reef Fishes Under Climate Change","authors":"Isadora Cord,&nbsp;Lucas T. Nunes,&nbsp;Peter F. Cowman,&nbsp;Lucas L. Lutzenkirchen,&nbsp;Sergio R. Floeter,&nbsp;Alexandre C. Siqueira","doi":"10.1111/geb.70259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70259","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To incorporate phylogenetic relationships into Atlantic marine biogeography, investigating how evolutionary history and environmental conditions interact to shape biodiversity patterns at ocean-basin scales, and to assess how phylogenetic metrics can inform predictions of ecological vulnerability under climate change.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Atlantic Ocean.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Last glacial maximum to 2100.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Reef-associated ray-finned fishes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We integrated the distributions of 1637 species with detailed phylogenetic information to delineate phylogenetically informed bioregions (“phyloregions”). Using phylogenetic diversity, endemism, and evolutionary distinctiveness, we quantified large-scale evolutionary patterns and applied machine-learning models with climate projections to forecast future changes in biodiversity structure, including alpha- and beta-diversity metrics and thermal niche breadth.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We delineated 19 distinct phyloregions, shaped mainly by past isolation and major oceanographic barriers. Evolutionary distinctiveness was highest in temperate transition zones and remote oceanic islands, while tropical regions emerged as hotspots of phylogenetic diversity and endemism. Future climate scenarios indicate rising phylogenetic diversity and endemism in tropical areas, likely reflecting lineage mixing and range shifts, alongside narrowing thermal niche breadths that signal reduced ecological adaptability.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The delineation of Atlantic phyloregions reveals how evolutionary legacies, historical climatic dynamics, and major oceanographic barriers have shaped reef fish diversity at ocean-basin scales. Temperate transition zones and remote oceanic islands harbour highly distinct evolutionary lineages, while tropical regions concentrate phylogenetic diversity and endemism. Coupling this bioregionalization framework with future climate projections further suggests that warming may reorganize assemblage composition and narrow thermal niche breadths across the Atlantic. Together, these findings provide a scalable framework for integrating evolutionary history into conservation prioritization and improving our underst","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continental Drivers of Population-Level Intraspecific Trait Variability in Salamanders, Birds, and Small Mammals","authors":"Isadora E. Fluck,&nbsp;Sydne Record,&nbsp;Angela Strecker,&nbsp;Phoebe L. Zarnetske,&nbsp;Dean C. Adams,&nbsp;Morgan W. Tingley,&nbsp;Rodney B. Siegel,&nbsp;Benjamin Baiser","doi":"10.1111/geb.70266","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70266","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Intraspecific trait variability (ITV) is a key component of biodiversity because it informs how organisms respond to abiotic and biotic conditions. Understanding how the variability among individuals within a population (population-level ITV) changes along environmental gradients offers insight into how local processes contribute to broad-scale biodiversity patterns. Here, we examine how climate and species-richness interact to drive population-level ITV across taxa with distinct life-histories.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;United States and Canada.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Present.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Plethodon&lt;/i&gt; salamanders, birds, and small mammals.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Individual body-size measurements were compiled from multiple large-scale biodiversity data sources, and population-level ITV across populations of the focal taxa was quantified as the coefficient of variation (CV). Using Bayesian phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models (PGLMMs), we tested the effects of mean annual temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity, as well as their interactions with species richness, while accounting for species identity, phylogeny, and site.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The influence of environmental predictors on population-level ITV differed across taxonomic groups. Salamander ITV declined with humidity and increased with temperature in species-rich sites, bird ITV increased with temperature, and small-mammal ITV decreased with precipitation but increased with humidity and temperature in species-rich sites.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We found that abiotic and biotic conditions shape trait diversity within populations, and that these factors differ across taxonomic groups according to their life-histories. Groups with relatively low mobility and that are closely tied to their microhabitats showed increased population-level ITV in warm, species-rich environments. These findings challenge the classic niche-packing expectations by suggesting that responses to climatic stress and interspecific competition can increase individual variation within populations, potentially reflecting differences in the strategies individuals adopt to cope with environmental challenges. Together, these insights underscore ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity Regulation in Local Communities: Colonization and Extinction Dynamics in North American Birds","authors":"Eliška Bohdalková,&nbsp;David Storch","doi":"10.1111/geb.70270","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70270","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Species richness of local communities may be regulated via negative diversity dependence of colonization or positive diversity dependence of extinction rate. We explore whether and how bird communities are regulated and what determines extinction and colonization rates across communities.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;North America, spanning the United States and Canada.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1995–2019.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Passerines.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used long-term community time-series from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) to analyse spatial patterns in colonization and extinction rates across 646 survey routes. We linked these rates to community species richness, proportion of species pool represented in the local community, richness relative to resource level, mean population size and stability and environmental productivity and its seasonality (approximated by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI). We used correlation analyses, generalized linear models, Random Forest and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Extinction and colonization rates are highly balanced across sites, supporting the idea of diversity regulation. Both rates are lower at sites with higher equilibrium species richness and especially at sites with a higher proportion of the species pool represented in the local community, supporting the diversity-dependence of colonization rate. In contrast, we did not find any evidence for local diversity-dependence of extinction rate. However, extinction rates increase with decreasing population sizes of species and are negatively affected by environmental productivity that influences population stability.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Local bird community richness appears regulated, but this regulation stems primarily from a progressive exhaustion of the number of potential colonists from a species pool as local species richness increases, not from a decreasing population size with increasing richness. Local bird diversity is then determined by the interaction of the size of the species pool with local ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}