{"title":"Hechos hierofánicos y experiencias místicas del sincretismo religioso en México","authors":"Anna Wendorf","doi":"10.15804/sal201406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201406","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most precious aspects of the research into Latin American cultures is undoubtedly religious experience, in regard to both its variety and diversity. Thus, this paper handles the events and situations which are inseparably connected with development of religious syncretism in Mexico. The article analyses historical conditions of syncretisation processes, American Indians’ beliefs, ceremonies and rituals, with particular consideration of Day of the Dead and cult of Our Lady of Guadalupe. The study of diachronic and synchronic profile does not claim the right to periodization of these experiences. It only aims at inquiring into social and cultural circumstances, allowing these cultures to interpret the world in a different way","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123189483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retablos escogidos de Teodoro Ramírez Peña: comentario de hechos históricos. Reflexiones","authors":"Maria Eleonora Hebisz","doi":"10.15804/sal202207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal202207","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to the work of Peruvian artist Teodoro Ramírez Peña. A native of Ayacucho, he now lives in Huaycán, a town about 15 kilometers east of Lima, and at the Academy of Fine Arts there he teaches practical classes with students devoted to creating retablos ayacuchanos. Before the war, the artist worked in a traditional family workshop, and the subject matter of his retablos was not unlike other similar artworks. However, the experience of war was so strong for him that the themes of armed conflict and the visualization of violence begin to dominate his works. Peru’s civil war ended in 2000, but its effects are still visible in society today, and this has not escaped the artist’s attention. Through his works, he not only commented on the events of the war, but also addressed current social problems that are a consequence of the now historic armed actions.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123779843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Las representaciones femeninas, sus diseños corporales y su simbología en el occidente mesoamericano","authors":"Daniel Ruiz Cancino","doi":"10.15804/sal201502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201502","url":null,"abstract":"The female ceramic figurines realized in the west Mesoamerica territory, have an important body painted decoration which represent singly or combined geometric designs like spirals, straight, zigzag and wavy lines, circles, concentric circles, triangles, crosses and points are observed like decoration. This order designs transcends by the location in breasts, pelvic and belly area, in addition to this, most of them allude to the sexed body. It is thus the symbolic codes present in the sculptures can be interpreted from the relationship with thoughts of life, where societies are intimately linked with the cycles of nature, with the universe distribution of vertical and horizontal way, which refer archetypal concepts in Mesoamerica. Therefore it is important to consider these representations as possible social and cosmological allegories conceptions of culture that developed in the late formative and half Classic period (BC 200 – AD 400/600), during the tradition of the Tumbas de Tiro in territory comprised by the present states of Jalisco, Colima, Nayarit, Michoacan and the south central of Sinaloa.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127926447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La iglesia de los Jesuitas en Cusco como un modelo para la arquitectura de la región","authors":"Ewa Kubiak","doi":"10.15804/sal201202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201202","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of the first half of the 17th century, a “European” character of Peruvian architecture was loosened. In 1650, an earthquake in Cusco destroyed existing buildings and, as the result, proved to be an impetus for building movement intensification. One of a few buildings which were not destroyed was a still unfinished Cusco cathedral, which later played a unique role in baroque architecture development in Peru. The temple was undoubtedly one of the first productions which could be associated with a baroque style. However, without diminishing the significance of the object, it is worth emphasizing other (not less important) sources of baroque architecture in the region. Another temple that undoubtedly influenced the shaping of a new trend in local building was a Jesuit church in Cusco. Mentioned as an important object for Peruvian architecture of the colonial period, it is usually treated as an element in the sequence of baroque architecture development in Peru. It is worth emphasizing the role that the temple played in creation of certain architectural models, which were present in Peruvian building of the late 17th and 18th centuries. Three analysed elements are: a facade composition (influence on the architecture of Cusco: San Pedro, Nuestra Señora de Belén, San Sebastián and the region – temples in Ayaviri, Asillo, Mamara, Huaquira, Puno); a design, a spatial layout and a structural system (similarity to a Jesuit church in Cusco of the temples of San Pedro in Cusco, San Pedro in Juli, Santiago de Pomata, Pisco); decorative-ornamental motifs – towers’ finials (San Pedro in Cusco) or columns’ decoration (Santa Cruz in Juli).","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126778599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Soporte tela, pigmentos y moldura como manifestaciones de identidad cultural. Un estudio desde el cuadro San Francisco niño reparte el pan a los pobres (Cusco – Chile, ca. 1668–1684)","authors":"Victoria Francisca Jiménez Martínez","doi":"10.15804/sal202205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal202205","url":null,"abstract":"This article highlights the importance of applying material and technical studies to the pictorial heritage of Cusco, especially in situations where written accounts of the resources and creative processes involved in its production are limited. Through the analysis of samples of the physical order of the painting San Francisco distributing bread to the poor as a child, exhibited in the Museo Colonial de San Francisco in Santiago de Chile, the material iconological method was used to identify links with the European pictorial tradition and South Andean contributions and inventions. From this specific study, a way is presented by which a series of laboratory examinations focused on recognising the techniques and materials used in viceregal painting can provide valuable information about the context and society that gave them form and meaning.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"361 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122800348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Badania etnograficzne Borysa Malkina w świetle listów do Heleny Przestalskiej-Malkin. Wyprawa do Indian Kofán","authors":"Magdalena Nierzwicka","doi":"10.15804/sal201104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201104","url":null,"abstract":"Borys Malkin (1917–2009) was anthropologist, enthomologist and traveller. He dedicated almost 40 years of his life to field research in South America. In this period he visited many different tribes and collected, a valuable Indian’s ethnographic materials. Nowadays these unique exhibits are in many important museums in America, Europe and also in Poland. Borys Malkin researched the Kofán Indians from Santa Rosa de Sucumbíos settlement. This tribe inhabit the region of Amazon tropical forests across Ecuadorian – Colombian boundary. He visited the Kofán people twice: in 1970 and 1971 and this period was really valuable for his researches. This ethnic group became the most documented from among all Indian tribes which he has ever investigated. He collected ethnographic materials such as: wood pots, clay pots, gourd pots, hamacs, blowguns, spears, fishing-nets, necklaces and plume ornaments and supplemented its by films and photos. Malkin wrote reports from his voyages in letters to Helena Przestalska, who became his wife in 1972. This correspondances and articles was publisched by Malkin in magazine „Poznaj świat” and his book Odchodzący świat, let us know the life of researcher.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127316225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Panorama de los estudios sobre dechados en México","authors":"M. Enríquez","doi":"10.15804/sal201505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201505","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, primarily during the 19th century, production of embroidery designs was a popular activity among young girls. Objects which reflected reproducibility of some of the ornaments and methods of creation, became patterns demonstrating types of embroidery techniques. They have been subject of numerous studies, especially in historical, ethnographic, archaeological or restoration-related contexts. This allowed for distinguishing the main concepts that led to devising schemes which designated a former approach to the subject. This article reviews various research concepts that have shaped reflection on embroidery patterns in Mexico, including foreign studies. It also proposes an art history approach, allowing for new findings and possibilities for analysing those objects being elements of material culture. Women who dealt with development of patterns may be seen as artists, the masters of their profession, whose virtuosity was manifested in the class of the objects themselves as a result of devoted time and extraordinary manual skill.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128101069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alegoria Eucharystii – wspólne wzory graficzne w malarstwie XVII i XVIII w. w Polsce i Peru","authors":"Ewa Kubiak","doi":"10.15804/sal201109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201109","url":null,"abstract":"The motive of Eucharist is one of the most important subjects of allegoric images in baroque Polish as well as Vice-Kingdom of Peru art. Apart from classical images with The Eucharist’s adoration, in which the luminous body of Christ is placed in a monstrance, there were also symbolic compositions in which the mystery of Christ’s sacrifice was presented in an allegoric way. Some of these images are presented in the article. The most interesting for the author are images common for modern Polish painting and colonial Peru. The first such composition is The Mystical Press – the subject that was very well known in all Latin America – from New Spain to Argentina. It was also known in Europe, but in modern period became less popular. The composition of majority images is based on Hieronim Wierix’s print. Images from Poland and these from Peru repeat the same compositional pattern.The second example is The scouts return from Kanaan, which topic is related with the allegoric of The Eucharist. There are quite a lot of such pictures from both countries. Some of them were a pattern based upon the same print – anonymous work based on Maarten de Vos’es picture. The popularity of The Eucharist motive had been analyzed and variety of its allegoric compositions in post-Tridentine age and Counter-Reformation art. The finding of the article is that art in distant extremities of the Christian world had similar functions – it was used to preserve the Catholicism from heresy danger (Orthodox Church, Protestantism) and, on the other hand, it was a tool to achieve new mission areas for The Church.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133907249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Architektura barokowa Brazylii","authors":"Władysław Tatarkiewicz","doi":"10.15804/sal201101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201101","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article describes the most important phenomena in Brazilian architecture from 16th to 18th century with the special focus on baroque style. The location of monuments is presented on the beginning of the text and two the most important areas are pointed: Atlantic coast and Minas Gerais state in hinterland. The chronology of the colonial Brazilian architecture is described with emphasis on 18th century architecture importance. The division between secular and sacred architecture shows the great importance of the second one. The sacred architecture is analyzed with regard to function and form. Objects are classified by front elevations compositions, decorations, plans, interior arrangement and decoration. The author presents the regions features. The similarities of colonial Brazilian architecture and parallel European architecture are described in the summary.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132008944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grafiti en América Latina","authors":"Jędrzej Kotarski","doi":"10.15804/sal201210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15804/sal201210","url":null,"abstract":"The article concerns the outline of the history of graffiti in Latin America. In the first part the author discusses the general genesis of graffiti and its development in the New World, and in the second part focuses on the example of Brazil. Characterizing a complex phenomenon of graffiti, the author shows its specific character in the metropolitan realities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The morphological analysis (techniques, compositions, divisions) and the analysis of the physiology of functioning (theme, motivation, perception) allow the reader to discover the specific character of graffiti and to understand why Brazil on the South American continent, just like the United States in the world, has become a leading place of the development of a subculture which stands for graffiti. The street painting also in this region is placed between vandalism and art. The Brazilian specific character of graffiti is its expression and meaning of communication, showing serious social-political problems troubling the inhabitants of districts, who have no other opportunities to express their often right, full of rebellion opinions.","PeriodicalId":176895,"journal":{"name":"Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124281550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}