Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of toughness and flame retardation for cyanate ester composites through hyperbranched polyborosiloxane","authors":"Bin Wei,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Guoquan Qi,&nbsp;Guangpeng Feng,&nbsp;Zheng Li,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhang,&nbsp;Hongxia Yan","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excellent flame resistance is supposed to be taken into consideration for electronic packaging materials due to the spontaneous combustion of short circuits, except for good mechanical and dielectric properties. Herein, a hyperbranched polyborosiloxane (HPSiB) flame retardant was synthesized via a simple one-pot transesterification as a multifunctional additive for cyanate ester (CE) resin. The HPSiB with many active terminals features good compatibility with the resin matrix, while catalyzing the curing reaction that conducts at a lower temperature. With as little as 2 wt% HPSiB incorporated, the HPSiB/bisphenol A cyanate ester (BADCy) resin achieves a UL-94 V0 rating and 32.4% LOI value, and its peak heat release and total smoke production are simultaneously reduced. Its flexural strength and impact strength were significantly enhanced by 30.0% and 85.4%. Besides, the minimum values of dielectric constant and loss can reach 2.77 and 0.0024 at 10 GHz, which are, respectively, reduced by 7.9% and 88.5%. The integration of unique hyperbranched Si<span></span>O<span></span>B backbone of HPSiB with CE crosslinked network was responsible for the enhanced overall performance. This work paves a facile strategy to develop multifunctional flame retardant as a promising candidate for the high-performance electronic packaging materials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>A novel hyperbranched polyborosiloxane flame retardant was synthesized.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>HPSiB shows good compatibility and catalyzes the curing reaction of CE resin.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>HPSiB/CE resin with significantly enhanced flame retardancy was obtained.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Simultaneously high toughness and low dielectric loss were achieved.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Hyperbranched structure containing Si<span></span>O<span></span>B chains led to the great enhancement.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"1025-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140324893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N, P co-doped carbon quantum dot and ammonium polyphosphate as the synergistic flame retardant for epoxy resin","authors":"Song Wang,&nbsp;Yue Zhou,&nbsp;Weidong Wu,&nbsp;Jiayi Hong,&nbsp;Sanxi Li,&nbsp;Ailing Zhang","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An N, P co-doped carbon quantum dot (NP-CQD) was prepared using citric acid as the carbon source and hexachlorotripolyphosphonitrile as the nitrogen and phosphorus source. The structure and morphology of NP-CQD were characterized. Subsequently, NP-CQD was blended with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to come into being a synergistic phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant system (SPFRS). The SPFRS was applied in epoxy resin (EP) to enhance the flame retardancy of EP. Thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion behavior, and char residue morphology of the EP samples were determined by multiple testing methods such as thermogravimetric analysis, vertical burning (UL-94) and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests, microscale combustion calorimetry test, and scanning electron microscopy. When the weight ratio of NP-CQD to APP was kept at 1:9 and 8% SPFRS was added to EP, the obtained flame-retardant EP (EP/CQD-APP_2:18) passed the UL-94 V-0 level and the LOI value of EP/CQD-APP_2:18 reached 33.2%. The MCC test showed that the heat release capacity (HRC) of EP/CQD-APP_2:18 was reduced by 48.7% compared with pure EP. Morphology observation on the char residue of EP/CQD-APP_2:18 after the UL-94 test indicated that the addition of SPFRS promoted the formation of the dense char residue layer to improve the flame retardancy of EP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlight</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>An N, P co-doped carbon quantum dot (NP-CQD) was prepared and applied as a flame retardant.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>NP-CQD and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) showed synergistic flame retardancy in epoxy resin.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The proper weight ratio of NP-CQD to APP was 1:9.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"1052-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140324865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of alkali-treated Putranjiva roxburghii seed shell filler on physico-chemical, thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of polyvinyl alcohol-based biofilms","authors":"Muthukrishnan Krishnan Manthira Moorthy,&nbsp;Selvakumar Gurusamy,&nbsp;Balasundar Pandiarajan,&nbsp;Balavairavan Balasubramanian,&nbsp;Narayanasamy Pandiarajan,&nbsp;Indran Suyambulingam,&nbsp;Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa,&nbsp;Suchart Siengchin","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biopolymers and bio-fillers derived from natural, organic, and abundant resources have garnered more responsiveness owing to their affordability and degradability in the production of packaging plastics. This study explores the novel use of different proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of 5% alkali-treated <i>Putranjiva roxburghii</i> seed shell filler (PRSSF) as a bio-filler in combination with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for the first time. FTIR analysis showed the creation of robust hydrogen bonds and enhanced compatibility between the matrix and the alkalized PRSSF. The XRD results revealed that alkalized PRSSF strengthens the structural integrity of biofilms. The water absorption of the PVA/at PRSSF biofilm samples decreased by 88.38% at a higher composition (20%) of alkali-treated PRSSF due to their alkalized hydrophobic filler. Due to the effect of at-PRSSF into PVA, the resulting films demonstrated a degradation temperature and char residue of 334.8°C and 13.57%, respectively, and relatively better UV-barrier properties in a range of visible light. When compared with pure PVA films, the tensile strength and corresponding modulus of PVA/20% at-PRSSF films increased by 32.94% and 16.2%, respectively. Therefore, the PVA/at-PRSSF biofilms produced in this study are ideal materials for wrapping and folding applications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PVA/at-PRSSF films outperform in multiple aspects as compared with pure PVA.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Tensile strength of PVA/20%-PRSSF films increased by 32.94%.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Elongation at break decreased with at-PRSSF loading.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Water absorption in PVA/20% PRSSF biofilm decreased by 88.38%.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Fractography showed voids and agglomerations at high filler levels.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"1010-1024"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140313442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of multi-component and mono-component intumescent flame retardants for thermoplastic polyurethane composites","authors":"Minghao Li,&nbsp;Siyi Bi,&nbsp;Chunhui Chen,&nbsp;Wenqing Hai,&nbsp;Ziyang Jiang,&nbsp;Qian Meng,&nbsp;Enquan Hao,&nbsp;Hongjie Li,&nbsp;Huiqi Shao,&nbsp;Guangwei Shao,&nbsp;Jinhua Jiang,&nbsp;Nanliang Chen","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conventional intumescent flame retardant (IFR) is comprised of multiple components (acid, carbon, and gas source). In comparison, “all-in-one” design of mono-component IFR is effective to impart the homogeneity to functional sources in polymer matrix, which is significant to improve the synergy against combustion. In this work, a core-shell structured mono-component IFR (MAPP@FDS) are prepared with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and furfural-derived Schiff base (FDS) and applied to modification of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). TPU composite with the as-prepared mono-component IFR (TPU/MAPP@FDS) exhibits V-0 rating in UL-94 test and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 32.0%, with prominent bulkiness of carbonaceous layer. Cone calorimetry tests (CCTs) showed a significant reduction in total heat release (THR) and peak heat release rate (pHRR) for TPU/MAPP@FDS compared with the TPU composites with multi-component IFR. By analyzing the morphology and composition of residual char, the flame-retardant mechanism of TPU/MAPP@FDS is reasonably proposed. This work illustrates the superiority of the integration to prepare mono-component IFR and provides a potential method in developing TPU composites with remarkable flame retardancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>TPU/MAPP@FDS achieves a LOI value of 32.0% and UL-94 V-0 rating.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>TPU/MAPP@FDS exhibits significantly enhanced flame retardancy compared with TPU composites incorporated multi-component IFR.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The synergy in multi-component IFR is prominently strengthened.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"997-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139978733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High efficacy fluconazole loaded ZnO-poly (vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite: Interpretive breakpoints for biological applications","authors":"Abinash Das,&nbsp;Togam Ringu,&nbsp;Sampad Ghosh,&nbsp;Nabakumar Pramanik","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nanotechnology, a versatile field, holds promise in diverse applications, such as advanced pharmaceutical techniques and innovative chemical compound fabrication. Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has identified sepsis as a global health priority, attributing most sepsis-related deaths to the underlying infection. Sepsis is a complex disease that manifests in various ways, depending on factors, such as pathogen involved, mode of transmission, and the patient's immune competence. This study focuses on synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) through an in-situ precipitation method and employing a solution-based technique to coat the inorganic ZnO nanomaterial with the antimicrobial drug fluconazole (FLZ), resulting in a FLZ-ZnO composite. Further enhancement is achieved by modifying the composite with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to improve mechanical strength, physicochemical characteristics, and the interfacial network between ZnO and FLZ. Characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), particle size distribution (PSD), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) confirms the synthesized compounds are stoichiometric in nature. The FLZ-ZnO-PVA nanocomposite demonstrates significant antifungal activity against <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>A. niger</i>, as well as enhanced antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> evaluated through well diffusion technique. In vitro cellular compatibility assessment using the MTT assay with NIH-3T3 cells reveals exceptional viability (above 75%) and negligible cytotoxicity at a concentration of 1.56 μg/mL, indicating high biosafety. The FLZ-ZnO-PVA nanocomposite exhibits outstanding biological performance, making it a promising candidate for clinical applications in preventing sepsis and prospective infections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Developments and preparation of FLZ-ZnO-PVA nanocomposite.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>FLZ-ZnO-PVA nanocomposite shows optimum antimicrobial activity.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>FLZ-ZnO-PVA shows cytotoxicity against the mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>FLZ-ZnO-PVA could be used as a suitable material for treatment of sepsis.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"969-982"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139978907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of LLDPE on the mechanical properties improvement of 3D printed POE/LLDPE blends","authors":"Tiejun Liu,&nbsp;Ke Chen","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polyolefins and polyolefin elastomers (POEs) are widely used in various applications due to their unique properties. However, their use in 3D printing has been limited due to challenges such as excessive softness, shrinkage, warpage, and poor mechanical properties. In this study, two strategies were employed to enhance the performance of POEs in 3D printing. First, POE was blended with 10%, 30%, and 50% percentages of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) to improve the material's mechanical properties and printability. Second, a specialized printer called a pneumatic feeding fused granule fabrication (FGF) printer was used. This printer allows for the direct printing of material granules, eliminating the need for filaments and resolving filament-related problems. To evaluate the quality of the printed parts, tensile tests, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted. The printed parts showed desirable tensile properties (with approximately 3000% elongation at break and approximately 12 MPa tensile strength). Compression tests were also conducted on cubic structures with varied composition ratios and printing patterns such as grid, triangle, and honeycomb. The main purpose of this research was to explore the energy absorption capabilities of the printed blends. The results of our study showed that blending POE with LLDPE improved printability, tensile strength, energy absorption, and compressive properties. The blend with 50% LLDPE and honeycomb structure exhibited the best compressive and energy absorption properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Blending of POE and LLDPE using melt mixing with three different blending ratios.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Successful 3D printing with the fused granule fabrication technique.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Investigating mechanical properties, microstructure, and thermal analysis.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>125% increase in ultimate tensile strength by increasing LLDPE.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Achieving the highest energy absorption for the 3D printed honeycomb structure.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"983-996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139978067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of decorated titanium oxide nanoparticles for the development of handmade textile heritage in Egyptian villages: Design, mechanical, flammability, and antibacterial properties","authors":"Hesham Moustafa,&nbsp;Saher Fawzy Ibrahim,&nbsp;Emad M. Ahmed,&nbsp;Heba Atef","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Improving eco-friendly coating-based materials for wool artifacts, such as kilim fabric can inspire new-fashion design avenues for conserving ancient cultural heritage. Thus, this research addresses an efficient treatment agent from natural rosin acids (R) and dapsone (D) with variable sublethal proportions of synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) (i.e., 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.6%) for modifying kilim fabric (KF) using a dip-coating method. The nanostructure of prepared TiO₂ nanoparticles and their particle size were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Zetasizer analyzer. The data showed that the majority of prepared TiO₂ oriented to a rutile-type structure with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 48.30–49.65 nm. The KF-R/D-0.3% TiO₂ NPs specimen provided the best tensile properties reached ~3192 N compared with the untreated KF (i.e., 1125 N). This finding confirmed by SEM observations. Whereas, the specimen containing decorated TiO₂ NPs (i.e., 0.6%) possessed higher flammability resistance property compared with other specimens. Moreover, XRD and FTIR results for treated KF specimens demonstrated the significant role of TiO₂ NPs, which react with KF keratin either by new linkages or through chelating geometry to form a compact KF matrix. This contributed to enhance the tensile and flammability properties. Additionally, a great achievement in antibacterial properties occurred when TiO₂ NPs used and their inhibitory zones were 18–36 mm, depending on the bacteria and specimen type.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Novel treatment of KF fabric-based bioagents with sublethal contents of TiO₂ NPs was successfully prepared by dip-coating route.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The tensile force and flammability of treated KF fabric were greatly enhanced.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>A great achievement in antibacterial activity was noticed when TiO₂ added.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>These treated fabrics have excellent possibility for use in conserving cultural heritage.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 3","pages":"855-867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139956916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/sodium caseinate/silver nanoparticle electrospun mats for antibacterial wound dressing","authors":"Sema Samatya Yılmaz,&nbsp;Ayse Aytac","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, nanofibers were produced by the electrospinning method by adding 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) into the polyvinyl alcohol/sodium caseinate (60/40, w/w) mixture. Electrospun materials were cross-linked by immersion in a glutaraldehyde bath. Thus, antibacterial wound dressings that could be used on exuding wounds were developed. According to the scanning electron microscopy images of nanofibers, the cross-linking process by immersion method did not cause negative effects such as breakage or adhesion on the surface of fibers. The cross-linking of nanofibers was demonstrated by the presence of acetal linkages by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The cross-linking process significantly improved the thermal properties of the nanofibers. The lowest crystallinity calculated in the differential scanning calorimeter was observed in the 3% Ag NP-added nanofiber with a value of 1.83%. It exhibited the lowest total soluble matter content with a value of 11.98% owing to its high cross-linking density. In addition, the 3% Ag NP-added nanofiber, which had the highest toughness and ductility, displayed the highest tensile stress with 3.5 MPa and the highest tensile strain with 7.53%. Moreover, it showed 78.11% cell viability on the L929 fibroblast cell line at the end of the 24th hour. It was indicated that although the electrospun mats maintained 100% antibacterial effectiveness, they could not be used as a wound dressing for 48 h. It was reported that only 3% Ag NP-added nanofiber could be used as a 100% effective antibacterial wound dressing for both <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> provided that it was renewed every 24 h. Consequently, it was notified that cross-linking by the immersion method can be used in biomedical applications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The antibacterial effects of Ag NP-doped PVA/NaCAS electrospun mats were significant.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The cross-linking process did not induce toxic effects some of the nanofibers.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>High cross-linking density was observed in the nanofibers.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The swelling property of nanofibers is a good feature required in an ideal wound dressing.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"911-928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139956958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of TPU on the mechanical properties, fracture toughness, morphology, and thermal analysis of 3D-printed ABS-TPU blends by FDM","authors":"Kianoosh Soltanmohammadi,&nbsp;Davood Rahmatabadi,&nbsp;Mohammad Aberoumand,&nbsp;Elyas Soleyman,&nbsp;Ismaeil Ghasemi,&nbsp;Majid Baniassadi,&nbsp;Karen Abrinia,&nbsp;Mahdi Bodaghi,&nbsp;Mostafa Baghani","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22097","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, blends of ABS-TPU with two different weight percentages of TPU were prepared using fused deposition modeling technology. The effect of adding TPU on the fracture toughness of ABS and mechanical properties was comprehensively studied. Tensile, compression, fracture toughness, and shear tests were conducted on the 3D-printed samples. Thermal and microstructural analyses were performed using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The DMTA results showed that adding TPU decreased the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature of ABS, as well as its peak intensity. The mechanical test results showed that adding TPU decreased the strength but increased the formability and elongation of the samples. Fracture tests showed that the addition of TPU decreased the maximum force needed for a crack to initiate. The force required for crack initiation decreased from 568.4 N for neat ABS to 335.3 N for ABS80 and 123.2 N for ABS60. The ABS60 blend exhibited the highest strength against crack growth, indicating that TPU can change the behavior of ABS from brittle to ductile. Shear test results and SEM images also showed good adhesion strength between the printed samples for all three specimens, indicating their good printability. Adding TPU resulted in a reduction in the size and number of voids and holes between the printed layers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Melt mixing, filament preparation, and 3D printing of ABS-TPU blends.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Investigation of mechanical properties, microstructure, and fracture toughness.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Improved resistance to crack growth and elongation by adding TPU to ABS.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Improving printability and reducing microholes in blends compared with ABS.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Achieving a wide range of mechanical properties for various applications.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"958-968"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/vnl.22097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139956120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of recycled polypropylene-based wood–plastic composites reinforced with a bio-based compatibilizer","authors":"Hongbo Liu,&nbsp;Liangdong Ye,&nbsp;Dacheng Li,&nbsp;Qiaoyan Wei,&nbsp;Chuanheng Yu,&nbsp;Shaorong Lu","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22096","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wood-plastic composites are green composites made of plastic as the matrix and wood as the filler; however, the incompatibility between these two leads to the degradation of the composites. This paper reports the synthesis of a novel bio-based compatibilizer, annotated as OA-g-H20, by grafting oleic acid (OA) on a hyperbranched polyester (Boltorn H20). The effect of modifying recycled polypropylene-based wood–plastic composites with this compatibilizer was then assessed. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and gel permeation chromatography techniques were employed to characterize the fabricated OA-g-H20, while its modification effect was assessed by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic thermomechanical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical property tests. The experimental results revealed that the optimal addition amount of OA-g-H20 was 2.0 wt.%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>A new bio-based compatibilizer, OA-g-H20, for wood–plastic composites is reported.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>OA-g-H20 was obtained by grafting oleic acid on a hyperbranched polyester (H20).</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>OA-g-H20 provided good mechanical reinforcement for the wood–plastic composites.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>OA-g-H20 improved the crystallinity of the composites.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The reinforcement mechanism of OA-g-H20 in wood–plastic composites is elucidated.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"30 4","pages":"942-957"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139956117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}