Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology最新文献

{"title":"Concentration Effects in the Stabilization of PE With a New Natural-Based Phosphine Antioxidant: Comparison, Reactions, Interactions","authors":"K. Takács,&nbsp;M. Koncz,&nbsp;P. Huszthy,&nbsp;D. Tátraaljai,&nbsp;B. Pukánszky","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effect and efficiency of the new, phosphine-type, natural-based secondary antioxidant developed recently were compared to those of two other phosphorus stabilizers available on the market. The stabilizers were added to the polymer in amounts changing from 0 to 1000 ppm in 7 steps. The primary, hindered phenolic antioxidant used was Irganox 1010. The efficiency of the stabilizer packages was studied in multiple extrusion experiments following changes in the chemical structure of the polymer, viscosity, color, and residual stability. Component interactions were studied by thermal analysis. The comparison of the various phosphorus stabilizers showed that the efficiency of the new stabilizer is comparable to that of the commercial products. The phosphine rendered the polymer excellent melt stability and very good color. The concentration dependence of properties indicated that about 500 ppm of the secondary antioxidant is sufficient to achieve adequate performance. The phosphine stabilizer interacts synergistically with the hindered phenol primary antioxidant, resulting in the excellent performance observed. The new stabilizer has numerous benefits (natural-based, good melt stabilization and color), and it can compete with phosphorus secondary antioxidants available on the market.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"929-938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halloysite Nanotubes Reinforcement for Value-Added Composites Based on Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene Waste From Electrical and Electronic Equipment","authors":"Sofia Fares,&nbsp;Mustapha Kaci,&nbsp;Nadjet Dehouche,&nbsp;José-Marie Lopez-Cuesta","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores the reinforcement of recycled e-waste ABS with halloysite nanotubes (HNT) to improve its mechanical, thermal, and fire-retardant properties, while potentially mitigating some risks associated with its reuse. Samples of e-waste ABS filled with 5 wt.% HNT were melt-compounded and characterized using SEM–EDX, XRD, ATR-FTIR, TGA, PCFC, MFR, and tensile measurements. Commercial ABS and recycled e-waste ABS were also tested under the same conditions for comparison. The results demonstrate that HNT enhances the thermal stability of e-waste ABS, increasing the degradation temperature (T₅\u0000 _%) by nearly 11% compared with unfilled e-waste ABS. The peak heat release rate (pHRR), an indicator of fire intensity, slightly decreases, likely due to the physical barrier effect of the nanotubes. Mechanical properties are also improved, with Young's modulus increasing by 12% over commercial ABS while maintaining comparable tensile strength. SEM analysis confirms a good interfacial adhesion between HNT and e-waste ABS matrix, supported by ATR-FTIR and XRD data. The study highlights the potential of HNT as a reinforcing additive to upgrade recycled e-waste ABS, improving its performance and expanding its applications while addressing some of the challenges posed by its inherent toxicity. Further research is needed to assess the long-term environmental impacts of modified e-waste ABS composites.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"939-950"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Effect of Vitamin E in Stabilizing Polypropylene Against Thermo-Oxidation by Co-Adding Natural Attapulgite","authors":"Dengliang Cai,&nbsp;Guangxin Zhao,&nbsp;Li Xu,&nbsp;Wenan Tie,&nbsp;Ting Lei,&nbsp;Jiachun Feng","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of green and effective stabilization systems for polymers remains a critical challenge. This work investigates the synergistic stabilization of polypropylene (PP) using a fully natural combination of vitamin E (VE) and attapulgite (ATP) clay. PP samples with 0.1 wt% VE alone had an oxidation induction time (OIT) of 7.3 min, while co-adding 0.1 wt% ATP extended the OIT to 13.9 min. The VE/ATP combination also effectively improved processing stability during multiple extrusion cycles and markedly retarded both carbonyl formation and surface cracking during accelerated aging at 120°C. Comprehensive characterization, including spectroscopic and thermal analyses, confirmed the physical adsorption of VE molecules onto ATP, which likely contributes to the enhanced stabilization by mitigating VE migration and prolonging antioxidant activity. These findings demonstrate a promising and sustainable strategy for enhancing the long-term durability of PP using an entirely natural additive combination.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"903-914"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Degradation and Thermal Decomposition of Plasticized PVC Including POSS Additives for PVC Compounds: Mechanisms, Impact, and Performance of Standards","authors":"Stefano Gardi,&nbsp;Gianluca Sarti,&nbsp;Luca Palin,&nbsp;Enrico Boccaleri,&nbsp;Alberto Frache","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poly(vinyl chloride) has been a key polymeric material since its commercial production in 1931, demonstrating versatility across numerous industries due to its compatibility with various additives. PVC's inherent properties, flame retardance, durability, and recyclability make it ideal for building and construction, which accounts for a significant portion of its consumption in Europe. This paper reviews the thermal degradation, decomposition, and combustion behavior of plasticized PVC, focusing mainly on classical stabilization systems and novel nanostructured additives such as polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), which offer promising advances in improving PVC's thermal stability and fire performance. The review highlights how these aspects, mainly when addressed with innovative additives, could shape the future of PVC compounds in high-performance applications, especially in the cable industry, where fire performance and regulatory compliance are increasingly important.</p>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"1049-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/vnl.70110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cinnamomum cassia Extract as a Natural Multifunctional Additive for Plasticized Polylactic Acid","authors":"Xuan Wang,&nbsp;Zhe Kong,&nbsp;Yuehu Zhang,&nbsp;Jinpeng Song,&nbsp;Shijie Zhang,&nbsp;Zhongwei Wang,&nbsp;Long Chen,&nbsp;Guiqing Cheng,&nbsp;Qing Yu,&nbsp;Yuxi Han","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer with great application potential, but its high brittleness and poor thermo-oxidative stability limit its broader practical use. Currently, few studies have addressed the simultaneous improvement of PLA toughness and antioxidant performance. In this work, PLA/ATBC–CCE materials were prepared via melt blending, using acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) as a plasticizer and \u0000 <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i>\u0000 extract (CCE) as a natural antioxidant. The composition and antioxidant activity of CCE were confirmed by mass spectrometry, total phenolic content, and free radical scavenging assays. When the CCE content is 1.00 wt%, PLA/ATBC–CCE_1.00 shows significant improvements relative to the PLA/ATBC matrix, with the oxidation onset temperature 43°C higher, the temperatures at 5 wt% weight loss and at maximum weight loss rate 8.6°C and 26.4°C higher, respectively, and a slight increase in crystallinity. Tensile strength remains nearly unchanged, while elongation at break slightly decreases but maintains ductile behavior. Water vapor permeability and 28-day composting weight loss increase by about 9.2% and 28.2%, respectively, compared with PLA/ATBC. These findings demonstrate that CCE acts as an effective natural multifunctional additive, providing a viable strategy for the preparation of high-performance plasticized PLA materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"963-977"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Stability of HIPS During Sulfonation Reactions: Impact of Sulfonation Agent on Side Reactions","authors":"J. C. Sánchez-Hiza,&nbsp;R. Benavides,&nbsp;D. Morales-Acosta,&nbsp;L. DaSilva,&nbsp;L. Francisco-Vieira","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAPs) are functionalized materials with ion-transport capabilities, suitable for various electrolytic applications. A common route to their synthesis is direct sulfonation reactions. However, the selection of the sulfonating agent influences the occurrence of side reactions and polymer stability. In this study, commercial HIPS was chemically modified via direct sulfonation using two different sulfonating agents: concentrated sulfuric acid (S-HIPS) and acetyl sulfate (A-HIPS). The resulting materials were characterized by Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H and ¹³C NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). FTIR spectra confirmed sulfonation through the appearance of characteristic bands of the <span></span>SO₃H group, but rubber double bond signals disappeared in S-HIPS and A-HIPS. The degree of sulfonation (DS) value varies when calculated from TGA or proton NMR data, suggesting the presence of side reactions during both sulfonation processes. Sulfone-type and rubber crosslinking processes were detected as side reactions, confirmed by RMN, TGA, and DMA. Acetyl sulfate was a more effective sulfonating agent for HIPS, yielding higher DS, fewer side reactions, and better stability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"865-877"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Polymer Degradation and Stabilization","authors":"Dóra Tátraaljai,&nbsp;Béla Pukánszky","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"819-822"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Effects of Processing Conditions on the Properties and Durability of Poly(Butylene Succinate)","authors":"Erika Alessia Di Liberto,&nbsp;Giulia Infurna,&nbsp;Nadka Tz. Dintcheva","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the effect of processing conditions on the structural, mechanical, and degradation behavior of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), a promising biodegradable polyester. PBS was processed using a micro-compounder by varying screw speeds (20 and 60 rpm) and residence times (2 and 5 min). Considering that the processing conditions for biopolymers in a microcompounder are typically around 60 rpm with a residence time of approximately 5 min, this work attempts to minimize the thermo-mechanical degradation undergone during the PBS processing by reducing the screw speed by about three times (from 60 to 20 rpm) and the processing times by about 2.5 times (from 5 to 2 min). Characterization was performed by using thermal, mechanical, and rheological analyses. A lower screw speed (20 rpm) resulted in a higher degree of crystallinity (~62%), about 5% greater than that of samples processed at 60 rpm. The mechanical properties at break (e.g., tensile strength and elongation at break) and the rheological properties remained unchanged when the processing conditions were changed. It is worth noting that at 60 rpm, increasing residence time led to a 12.7% increase in elastic modulus. Degradation behavior was evaluated under photo-oxidative and hydrolytic conditions. After 96 h of UV exposure, samples processed at a lower speed (20 rpm) showed lower hydroxyl, carbonyl, and vinyl indices, indicating better resistance to photo-oxidation due to their higher crystallinity. Hydrolytic degradation was carried out at high and low environmental temperatures. Hydrolysis of all PBS samples at low temperature (25°C) occurred more slowly than at high temperature (70°C). These results highlight the critical role of processing parameters in tuning PBS crystallinity and stiffness, as well as degradation behavior. The PBS processed at low speed (20 rpm) for a short time (2 min) has been successfully processed, consuming lower energy and resulting in improved properties and reduced thermo-mechanical degradation. Overall, prolonged processing of PBS (at 5 min) appears to result in materials with poorer properties and lower degradation resistance, particularly at high screw speeds. These are key aspects of its application in sustainable materials and biodegradable packaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 4","pages":"951-962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/vnl.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Hydroxyl Value and Compatibilizing Additives on Green Polyurethane Composite Films Based-On Rubber Seed Oil for Slow-Release Fertilizer Applications","authors":"Nguyen Thi Thuy,&nbsp;Vu Minh Duc,&nbsp;Pham Ngoc Lan,&nbsp;Nguyen Phu Hoang Hai,&nbsp;Nguyen Phu Hung","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hydroxyl value of the polyol plays a pivotal role in the formation of the polyurethane network, significantly influencing the properties of the resulting composites, especially in coating applications. Despite its importance, this factor has not been systematically investigated in previous literature. In this study, the P230 GPUC film (utilizing a bio-polyol with a hydroxyl value of 230 mg KOH/g) exhibited superior tensile properties and enhanced hydrophobicity. While bentonite modified with PEG is a common approach in existing studies, this work introduces a novel combination of additives TRITON CF-10 (CF10), Dynoadd F-100 (F100), and BYK-333 (BYK333) to further improve compatibility and surface tension. Among the various formulations proposed, experiments demonstrate that the BYK-0.4 GPUC film (containing 0.5 wt.% F100, 0.2 wt.% CF10, and 0.4 wt.% BYK333) achieved the best overall performance. It not only displays excellent mechanical strength but also yields the highest hydrophobicity, alongside the lowest water absorption, vapor permeability, and nitrogen permeation. These synergistic properties render the film highly suitable for slow-release fertilizers coating with extended-release cycles and making it ideal for long-term crops.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 3","pages":"684-694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148063698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Durably Flame-Retardant Thermoplastic Poly (Ester Ether) Elastomers Modified by a Novel Bio-Based Macromolecular Flame Retardant","authors":"Tongshuai Tian,&nbsp;Xiao Sang,&nbsp;Xi Shu,&nbsp;Li Liu","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To expand the application of thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), it is crucial to improve its flame retardancy. To do this, a novel bio-based macromolecular flame retardant, PDVPA, was created from renewable vanillin, incorporating both Schiff base and spirocyclic diphosphate units. PDVPA demonstrates excellent thermal stability, with an initial decomposition temperature (<i>T</i>_5%) of approximately 330°C, ensuring it remains stable during composite processing without experiencing premature degradation. Moreover, PDVPA exhibits good interfacial compatibility with the TPEE matrix, allowing for even dispersion within the polymer. When incorporated at 20 wt% PDVPA, the TPEE/20PDVPA composite achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 30.2% and a UL-94 V-0 rating. Notably, its flame-retardant properties stay intact even after 1 week of water immersion. The condensed-phase flame-retardant mechanism involves a synergy of char formation, driven by phosphorus-containing acids from phosphodiester decomposition, along with high-temperature crosslinking through CN bonds. This process produces dense, continuous char layers that serve as effective protective barriers, minimizing melt dripping during combustion. Overall, this macromolecular flame-retardant strategy presents a promising approach to enhancing the fire safety of polymer materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"32 3","pages":"788-801"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148067667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}