Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology最新文献

{"title":"Intumescent, catalyzed flame retardant systems for polyamide-based powder bed fusion","authors":"Paul Roumeliotis,&nbsp;Samuel Schlicht,&nbsp;Dietmar Drummer","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Flame-retardant properties of polymer components are essential to a broad variety of applications. However, the processing of flame-retardant thermoplastics in laser-based powder bed fusion remains challenging. To overcome prevailing limitations, a new polyphosphate-based intumescent flame-retardant system for polyamide 12 (PA12) based powder bed fusion was developed. For this purpose, PA12 was successfully manufactured in selective laser sintering (SLS) with different combinations of a multi-component flame-retardant system, consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), pentaerythritol (PER) and manganese(II) oxide as a catalyst with four different energy densities in the range of 0.25–0.40 J mm^−<i>3</i>. Relying on thermal and microscopic investigations, the process window was observed to remain unaffected by the intumescent flame-retardant system. All samples show a similar thermal degradation behavior, independent of the energy density during the manufacturing process, implying no chemical nor physical alterations of the flame-retardant additives induced by higher energy densities. The flame behavior was analyzed using limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, and cone calorimeter measurements in combination with thermographic imaging. Maximum LOI values of 32.2% and a UL94 rating of V0 for specimens of 2.5 mm thickness were achieved. Cone calorimeter results show a significant reduction of 39% in peak heat release rate (pHRR) compared to a benchmark flame-retardant system, significantly enhancing flame-retardant properties over existing systems across all assessed metrics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The intumescent flame-retardant system was successfully manufactured in PBF.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Energy density during manufacturing shows a limited impact on part properties.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>MnO effectively catalyzes the flame retardant reaction of the samples.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>V0 rating in ignition tests demonstrates the efficiency of intumescent mixture.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Total heat released and pHRR significantly reduced due to highly effective barrier formation.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"853-868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/vnl.22212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of PVDF/PMMA-Cu nanocomposites with enhanced dielectric properties and energy storage density for capacitor applications","authors":"A. A. Al-Muntaser,&nbsp;Eman Alzahrani,&nbsp;Asmaa Al-Rasheedi,&nbsp;Enam A. Al-Harthy,&nbsp;Reem Alwafi,&nbsp;G. M. Asnag,&nbsp;A. E. Tarabiah,&nbsp;Abdu Saeed","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22211","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to develop novel PVDF/PMMA-based polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) filled with copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) for capacitive energy storage applications. The unique conductive properties of Cu NPs were utilized to enhance the dielectric and energy storage properties of the polymer blend significantly. Cu NPs were incorporated at low concentrations (1.5 and 3 wt.%), providing a cost-effective approach to improving material performance. Structural analyses using XRD and FTIR revealed that Cu NPs disrupt the crystalline structure of the polymer blend, increasing the amorphous phase and facilitating charge carrier mobility. UV/visible spectroscopy demonstrated a reduction in the optical bandgap energy, indicating strong electronic interactions between Cu NPs and the polymer matrix. Impedance spectroscopy and dielectric measurements confirmed that Cu NPs enhance interfacial polarization, resulting in higher dielectric constants and improved conductivity at low frequencies while maintaining low dielectric loss. Notably, the 3 wt.% Cu NP nanocomposite achieved an energy storage density of ~3.8 × 10⁻³ J/m³ at low frequencies, more than double that of the pure PVDF/PMMA blend. These findings indicate that PVDF/PMMA-Cu nanocomposites could be promising materials for capacitive energy storage applications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PVDF/PMMA/Cu nanocomposites were prepared using the solution-casting method.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>CuNPs in PVDF/PMMA blends enhance optical, structural, and electrical properties.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Improved dielectric properties and conductivity in PNCs were demonstrated.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Fabricated capacitors exhibited improved performance and higher energy storage.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"839-852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new insight into the synergetic thermal stability effect of acetylacetone derivatives and zinc arginine on polyvinyl chlorine under static and dynamic thermal aging conditions","authors":"Yanqin Shi,&nbsp;Jiachao Mei,&nbsp;Yuchen Yao,&nbsp;Jingzhe Zhang,&nbsp;Si Chen,&nbsp;Meng Ma,&nbsp;Huiwen He,&nbsp;Yulu Zhu,&nbsp;Xu Wang","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Zinc arginine [Zn(Arg)₂] was a zinc salt stabilizer with excellent initial whiteness and long-term thermal stability for PVC, as reported by our previous work. Clarifying the synergistic thermal stability mechanisms of Zn(Arg)₂ and its auxiliary stabilizers under dynamic and static conditions was an important scientific issue to guide the practical application of Zn(Arg)₂. In this work, acetylacetone (ATE) was found to be a good auxiliary thermal stabilizer with Zn(Arg)₂ for PVC, especially at the 4:6 ratio of ATE and Zn(Arg)₂. However, the best ATE derivatives under static and dynamic conditions were not the same, which were ATE and stearoylbenzoylmethane (SBM), dibenzoylmethane (DBM), and benzoylacetone (BZT), respectively. The reasons were that ATE derivatives could react with Zn(Arg)₂ and produce zinc acetylacetonate (Zn-ATE) under the static thermal aging condition. However, under dynamic thermal aging conditions, ATE derivatives replaced unstable chlorine atoms on the PVC chains by the α-C between two carbonyl groups through an alkylation reaction. The conclusions were confirmed by the calculation results of the natural population analysis (NPA) charge. In addition, the compatibility of ATE derivatives and PVC was another reason for the thermal stability and transparency of PVC samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The synergistic effect of zinc, arginine, and acetylacetone derivatives was investigated.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>There are two different synergistic effects under static and dynamic thermal aging conditions.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Zinc, arginine, and acetylacetone reacted under static thermal aging conditions.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The natural population analysis charge was used to confirm the two mechanisms.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"792-809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic flame retardancy of MIL-88B-Fe metal–organic framework with aluminum diethyl hypophosphite in epoxy resin","authors":"Song Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoran Wang","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22210","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely MIL-88B-Fe, MIL-53-Fe, Co-MOF, and Ni-MOF, were successfully prepared using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste as the raw material. The structure and morphology of the prepared MOFs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Subsequently, the synergistic flame retardancy of these MOFs with aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) in epoxy resin (EP) was compared. The prepared MOFs, in particular MIL-88B-Fe, exhibited significant synergistic flame retardancy when used in combination with ADP. When the addition amount of MIL-88B-Fe and ADP in EP was 4% with the MIL-88B-Fe to ADP weight ratio at 1:19, the prepared flame-retardant EP, EP/Fe88B-ADP-2:38, successfully achieved a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 34.2%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results indicated that the residual carbon amount in EP/Fe88B-ADP-2:38 increased by approximately 6.6% compared to pure EP. Additionally, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) of EP/Fe88B-ADP-2:38 decreased by 30.2% compared to pure EP. EP/Fe88B-ADP-2:38 also demonstrated excellent smoke suppression, with a 16.5% decrease in total smoke production (TSP) compared to EP. These studies have provided new insights into the efficient utilization of PET waste. The synergistic flame retardant, composed of PET waste-derived MIL-88B-Fe and ADP, can enhance the flame retardancy of EP while preserving EP's mechanical properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PET waste-derived MIL-88B-Fe showed synergistic flame retardancy with ADP.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>4% MIL-88B-Fe and ADP at a 1:19 weight ratio in EP reached a UL-94 V-0 rating.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>MIL-88B-Fe/ADP flame retardant hardly decreased the EP mechanical properties.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"824-838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of lightweight rigid polyvinyl chloride foam for insulation and cushioning using supercritical CO2 and water as co-foaming agents","authors":"Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Chunshuai Lu,&nbsp;Shibao Wen,&nbsp;Zhen Yu,&nbsp;Zhenxiu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was plasticized using an epoxy silane coupling agent (KH560), subsequently foamed with supercritical CO₂ and water, resulting in lightweight, insulating, and cushioning rigid PVC foam. When the catalyst-to-KH560 ratio was 1, the foam exhibited the highest thermal and mechanical properties. The triethanolamine (TEOA) catalytic system produced more uniform cells (20–25 μm) than NaHSO₃. When there was 5 phr KH560, the stiffness and compressive strength of the foam increased by 8 × 10⁵ N/m and 1.0 MPa. When 15 phr KH560 was added, the foam density and conductivity were as low as 76.1 kg/m³ and 36.3 mW/m K, respectively. Additionally, the foam absorbed accounts for 76%–87% of the total impact energy. This work presented an eco-friendly and efficient method for preparing rigid PVC foam with thermal insulation and impact cushioning properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Supercritical CO₂ and water co-foaming were used to prepare rigid PVC foam.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The density was as low as 76.1 kg/m³.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The thermal conductivity was 36.3 mW/m K.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The impact energy absorption rate ranging from 76% to 87%.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"810-823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical performance, structural optimization, and production of PVC axial hollow-wall pipes through materials-saving","authors":"Zeyuan Guo,&nbsp;Pengfei Tang,&nbsp;Changheng Lu,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Zetian Guo,&nbsp;Tianyi Liu,&nbsp;Nianchun Deng","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel structural wall pipe, PVC axial hollow-wall pipe (AHWP) has been developed to reduce carbon emissions during the “Full Life Cycle” of PVC pipelines by reducing material use in the pipe walls. The advantages and application prospects of AHWP are examined, followed by manufacturing prototypes using advanced production techniques. The material properties, internal and external pressure resistance, impact resistance, and buried load deformation of three types of AHWP were evaluated. Experimental and numerical simulations analyzed how the cross-sectional structure on the mechanical performance of AHWP and proposed optimization pathways. Results indicate that the production process for AHWP closely resembles that of PVC solid-wall pipes (SWP), allowing rapid large-scale industrial production with appropriate adjustments. Material consumption for AHWP is only 60% to 70% of that for SWP. All three types of AHWP can withstand long-term hydrostatic pressure of 0.6 MPa, meeting the basic mechanical performance requirements for low-pressure and non-pressure plastic drainage pipes, with circular-hole AHWP demonstrating the best performance. The application of AHWP can diversify the drainage pipe market, and support the societal shift toward sustainable development, characterized by the conservation of resources and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Validated new AHWP design for enhanced structural efficiency.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Optimized AHWP for mechanical performance, cost, and energy.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Developed and refined AHWP prototypes with manufacturing analyses.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Established future structural improvement routes with testing.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Demonstrated AHWP's potential in efficiency, materials, and applications.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"773-791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ylang Ylang essential oil on the physical, thermal, and antioxidant properties of corn starch/bovine gelatin films","authors":"Saurabh Bhatia,&nbsp;Muhammad Jawad,&nbsp;Ahmed Al-Harrasi,&nbsp;Yasir Abbas Shah,&nbsp;Talha Shireen Khan,&nbsp;Esra Koca,&nbsp;Levent Yurdaer Aydemir,&nbsp;Sausan Suliem Alyaqoobi,&nbsp;Mohammed Albroumi,&nbsp;Anubhav Pratap-Singh","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22205","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the present study we evaluated the antioxidant activity, morphological, barrier, thermal, surface optical, and mechanical properties of corn starch/bovine gelatin-based films containing Ylang Ylang essential oil (YYEO) with various concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) were incorporated in the film matrix. The obtained findings indicated that the tensile strength of the fabricated films did not show any significant difference. The addition of YYEO to composite films led to notable enhancements in their properties, including an increase in elongation at break (15.86%–54.78%), water solubility (35.66%–49.49%), moisture content (13.61%–19.03%), and swelling index (347%–453%). The film containing YYEO exhibited greater water vapor permeability compared to the control film. Additionally, the swelling ratio of all YYEO-enriched films was noticeably lower than that of the control films. The incorporation of YYEO also improved the hydrophobicity of the biocomposite films. Thermal analysis demonstrated enhanced thermal stability with the addition of YYEO. Furthermore, antioxidant assays, such as DPPH and ABTS, revealed a significant boost in antioxidant activity in the oil-loaded films. This study explores the use of YYEO in developing composite films made from corn starch and gelatin. The resulting films demonstrate a good potential for use in food packaging applications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>EAB increased while TS remained unchanged with the addition of YYEO.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>YYEO increased solubility, moisture content, and swelling index.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Improvement in WVP and thermal stability.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>YYEO significantly altered optical properties and improved hydrophobicity.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Films showed structural compatibility and consistent microstructural changes with the addition of YYEO.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1172-1188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new strategy to fabricate polyvinyl chloride with antistatic and water extraction resistance by modification of nitrile rubber","authors":"Ming Chen,&nbsp;Haoxuan Sun,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Chen","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22196","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antistatic plasticizer can significantly enhance the antistatic properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), mitigating the potential hazards associated with static electricity (such as damage to electronic components, fire, explosion, etc.). However, the poor water resistance of the plasticizer dibutoxyethoxyethyl adipate (DBEEA) will limit the application performance of materials. In this work, powdered nitrile rubber (PNBR) was ingeniously used to improve the water extraction resistance of DBEEA in PVC. With 30 wt% PNBR added in plasticized PVC, the mass loss rate can reduce 4.96 wt% than plasticized PVC film. Meanwhile, the volume and surface resistivities of PVC/PNBR exposed to air are in the order of 10⁶ Ω·m and 10⁹ Ω, which meets the antistatic requirements of the relevant fields (such as electronics, healthcare, and chemical industry). After water immersion, both the volume and surface resistivity of PVC containing 30 wt% PNBR remain 10⁷ and 10¹¹ Ω, respectively. Furthermore, PVC/PNBR exhibits excellent low-temperature resistance (−28 °C), thermal stability and elasticity, which will broaden the application areas of antistatic plasticized PVC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The plasticized PVC/PNBR with antistatic property is prepared.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PNBR has good adsorption to DBEEA.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PVC/PNBR exhibits superior low-temperature resistance and thermal stability.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"639-651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Syzygium cumini biomass as reinforcing filler in polyvinyl chloride and their antibacterial and biodegradation properties","authors":"K. J. Arun,&nbsp;Meena Muthukrishnan,&nbsp;Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani,&nbsp;Anish Khan,&nbsp;Khalid A. Alzahrani","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass derived from <i>Syzygium cumini</i> seeds (<i>S. Cumini</i>) as an eco-friendly reinforcing filler for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites. The need for sustainable and biodegradable materials in polymer applications motivated this work, particularly to address environmental concerns associated with conventional PVC. Composite films with varying concentrations of <i>S. Cumini</i> seed filler were prepared using solution casting technique. The structural integrity and interactions within the composites were confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The SEM analysis showed an average particle size of 6–14 μm and also revealed the modifications in morphology upon filler addition. Biodegradability was assessed using hydrolytic degradation and soil-burial tests, indicating enhanced environmental compatibility compared to pure PVC. The hydrophilicity of the composites improved, as indicated by an increasing in the water contact angle from 79.4° (hydrophilic) to 107° (hydrophobic). Suppressed <i>S. aureus</i> activity of the PVC composite film has shown its antimicrobial behavior. These properties suggest that <i>S. Cumini</i> – reinforced PVC composites can serve as promising materials for polymer-based medical devices, offering enhanced resistance to bacterial contamination while addressing sustainability challenges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Lignocellulosic biomass <i>S. Cumini</i> was used as reinforcing filler in PVC films.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li><i>S. Cumini</i> extract improved the antimicrobial properties of the films.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Hydrolytic dehydration and soil-burial tests showed enhanced biodegradability.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Hydrophilicity increased, as evidenced by a rise in the water contact angle.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Better bacterial resistance enhances the use in polymer-based medical devices.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"682-695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper-doped ZnO-chitin-cellulose mesoporous nanostructures for enhanced structural, optoelectronic, and antimicrobial efficacy","authors":"Amany M. El Nahrawy,&nbsp;M. K. Seddeek","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22201","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study shows the development and characterization of innovative mesoporous Cu-doped ZnO-chitin-cellulose nanostructures, leveraging a semi-dissolved chitin templating approach to reinforce their structural and functional properties. This innovative approach enhances the structural and functional properties of the composites, demonstrating significant advancements in optoelectronic and antimicrobial performance. FTIR peaks at 971, 787, 621, and 482 cm⁻¹ suggest metal-oxygen vibrations and interactions between Zn, Cu ions, and functional groups in the chitin-cellulose matrix. The chitin-cellulose and ZnO-chitin-cellulose composite were influenced by the presence of Cu ions, by the appearance of absorption peaks at 240 and 303 nm. Incorporating Zn and Zn<span></span>Cu ions altered the composite's bandgap, reducing it from 3.6 to 2.75 eV, thereby enhancing its optical properties. Band gap analysis manifests a decrease in energy gap attributed to Cu doping and the interaction between Cu-3d and O-2p states. The antimicrobial efficacy of chitin-cellulose composites loaded with Zn and Zn<span></span>Cu was significantly enhanced compared to the unloaded samples, with the loaded composites achieving nanoparticle sizes ranging from 26 to 32 nm, respectively. Significant antibacterial activity was observed, with zones of inhibition measured at 26–29 ± 1 mm for <i>E. coli</i>, 29–30 ± 1 mm for <i>B. subtilis</i>, 26–24 ± 1 mm for <i>C. albicans</i>, and 30–32 mm ± 1 for <i>A. fumigatus</i>. The addition of Cu-doped ZnO into the chitin-cellulose matrix significantly enhances the composite's surface area, band gap, photonic activity, and antimicrobial activity, further amplifying its functionality. These advanced properties position the materials as highly suitable for diverse critical applications, including active packaging, drug delivery systems, optoelectronic, and UV shielding solutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Innovative mesopores Copper@ ZnO-Chitin-Cellulose nanostructures.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Nanoparticle ratios influence the properties of chitin-cellulose nanostructures.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Cu@ ZnO enhances absorption and decreases the band gap, providing strong UV protection.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Bioactive mesoporous structures display strong antimicrobial efficacy for biomedical use.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"696-710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}