Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology最新文献

{"title":"ZIF-8 Containing Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol/Gelatin Nanocomposites With Enhanced Mechanical and Biomedical Performance for Wound Dressing Applications","authors":"Nouf M. Al-Enazi","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multifunctional nanocomposite films incorporating zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) are gaining attention as practical wound dressing systems due to their mechanical stability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial behavior. This study investigates the development of biocompatible polymer nanocomposite films utilizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gelatin, and ZIF-8, which are cross-linked with EPTMS. The main novelty was to use the unique structure of EPTMS, which promotes strong chemical bonding with polymer chains and ZIF-8 nanoparticles. Wound dressings were developed using two distinct polymer ratios (80/20 and 90/10) along with varying concentrations of ZIF-8 (0.25, 0.50, and 1 wt%). The synthesized ZIF-8 nanoparticles were initially characterized, revealing a particle size of 260 nm. Incorporating ZIF-8 into nanocomposite films significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of wound dressings, with 0.5% ZIF-8 as the optimal concentration. The combination of ZIF-8 and gelatin resulted in a wound dressing that is both strong and flexible, offering enhanced healing and comfort for patients. Low amounts of ZIF-8 in the films improved their swelling characteristics, while higher concentrations diminished these properties. The MTT assay findings demonstrate that PVA/Gelatin/ZIF-8 films possess a high level of biocompatibility. Nanocomposite films have shown effectiveness against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with antibacterial rates ranging from 88.0% to 99.9%, depending on the concentration of ZIF-8 nanoparticles. The findings strongly suggest that PVA/Gelatin nanocomposite films loaded with ZIF-8 exhibit exceptional promise as highly effective wound dressings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1247-1257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and Physical Properties of PLA Biocomposites Reinforced With Hybrid Fiber From Cocoa Pod Husk and Dragon Fruit Root for Flexible Packaging","authors":"Mochamad Asrofi,&nbsp;M. Rafid,&nbsp;Revvan Rifada Pradiza,&nbsp;Muhammad Yusuf,&nbsp;Mhd Siswanto,&nbsp;Bambang Kuswandi,&nbsp;Melbi Mahardika,&nbsp;Putri Amanda,&nbsp;R. A. Ilyas,&nbsp;Muhammad Asyraf Muhammad Rizal,&nbsp;S. M. Sapuan","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of natural waste materials as reinforcement in biocomposites is an emerging area of research, particularly in the development of advanced materials. Cocoa pod husk (CPH) and dragon fruit root (DFR) fibers are promising candidates for reinforcing polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites. PLA biocomposite films were prepared using the solvent casting method, incorporating CPH and DFR hybrid fibers. The highest tensile strength was observed at 6% fiber content, reaching 18.30 MPa. The addition of fibers improved the thermal stability of the biocomposites, with the highest stability achieved at 6% hybrid fiber for 344°C. Additionally, the crystallinity of the biocomposite increased with the addition of fibers, and the biocomposites demonstrated biodegradation in soil within 15 days, with a 6.4% weight loss. The presence of CPH-DFR hybrid fibers also enhanced the biodegradation rate. This study demonstrates the potential of CPH-DFR reinforced PLA biocomposites for use in green flexible packaging applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"975-984"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Essential Oils as Bio-Additives to Enhance the UV Protection and Antibacterial Properties of Chitosan Films","authors":"Khawla E. Alsamhary","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate the potential role of eucalyptus and thyme essential oils (EOs) as bio-additives in enhancing the characteristics of chitosan with varying molecular weights (MW). A hybrid formulation of these EOs was incorporated into high- and low-MW chitosan. Based on morphological analysis, high-MW chitosan significantly enhanced the dispersion quality of the EOs. The UV barrier property for low- and high-MW chitosan samples loaded with the EO hybrid was observed at 6.4% and 46.8% at 400 nm, indicating the significant impact of chitosan's molecular weight and EO dispersion quality on the UV protection behavior. The toughness was significantly improved by adding the EO hybrid to the low- and high-MW chitosan films, resulting in 104% and 270% enhancements, respectively. The water-absorbing capacity results revealed that the high-MW chitosan incorporated with the EO hybrid exhibits superior water barrier properties, making it more promising for packaging applications. Although molecular weight did not affect the antibacterial activity of pure chitosan films, it had a significant impact on the antibacterial properties of EO-loaded chitosan films. The findings highlight the impressive potential of EO-based bio-additives for biodegradable food packaging, suggesting a promising future for sustainable solutions in the industry.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1100-1109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctionality of Silk Fibroin-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam to Improve Thermal Stability, Flame Retardancy, and Mechanical Properties","authors":"Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Shuai Ding,&nbsp;Jianwei Wang,&nbsp;Zhi Wang,&nbsp;Hua Xie","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is widely used as building materials, automotive protective materials, etc. However, its flammability and the environmental impact of traditional flame retardants limit its further development. As a cellulose biomass flame retardant, silk fibroin can effectively reduce environmental impact. The current work used silk fibroin as a modifying material, leveraging its compatibility with the honeycomb structure of the material and its excellent flame retardancy to prepare multifunctional RPUF with superior flame retardancy, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. The material properties were characterized through thermogravimetric experiments and cone calorimeter tests. The results showed that the initial decomposition temperature of the modified RPUF (RPUF-SF5) decreased by 10.73°C, the heat release rate (HRR) decreased by 45.62 kW/m², and the smoke density (Ds) decreased by 7.88%, verifying the fire safety of the modified RPUF as a construction engineering material. Additionally, this study constructed a research method combining Abaqus simulation experiments with quasi-static compression, overcoming the limitations of single evaluation methods, which indicated that RPUF-SF5 had the highest compressive strength of 0.07 MPa, avoiding the impact of flame retardants on its mechanical property. These results provided new ideas for the research of the multifunctional RPUF.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1083-1099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance-Optimized Polyvinyl Chloride Composites: Balanced Flame Retardancy, Smoke Suppression, Strength and Low-Temperature Resistance","authors":"Chundie Zhang,&nbsp;Ruidan Chai,&nbsp;Tingting Chen,&nbsp;Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work aimed to improve both mechanical properties and flame retardancy in polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber (HNBR) thermoplastic elastomer composites through the melt blending technique. To achieve this, semi-reinforced furnace black (SRF) was blended with HNBR as a reinforcing agent. Meanwhile magnesium hydroxide (MH) and antimony trioxide, acting as flame retardants, were incorporated into plasticized PVC. Mechanical, combustion, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of MH and SRF. Results show that incorporating 10–30 phr SRF in HNBR and 100–150 phr MH in PVC has led to composites with significantly improved properties, including an enhanced limiting oxygen index (36.2%), reduced smoke density rate (11.8%), and lowered maximum smoke density (28.7%). Tensile strength improved to 9.32 MPa, while elongation at break remained at 317%. DSC analysis revealed a glass transition temperature of −23.5°C, indicating excellent low-temperature resistance. These PVC/HNBR composites are suitable for applications in wires, cables, automotive parts, building seals, and low-temperature industrial products.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1069-1082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Biochar on the Thermal and Dimensional Stability of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composites","authors":"Dylan Jubinville,&nbsp;Rajeswari Sen,&nbsp;Perry Alikiotis,&nbsp;Tizazu H. Mekonnen","doi":"10.1002/vnl.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the employment of biomass-derived biochar as performance-enhancing filler of PVC. Mechanical, thermal, rheological, and morphological properties were examined, with calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) used for comparison. Composites were prepared via melt processing followed by injection molding to generate test specimens. High filler concentrations caused significantly improved mechanical properties like tensile strength and modulus. At 23 wt.%, the biochar displayed similar tensile strength as the CaCO₃-filled composites, while providing weight reduction benefits, suggesting biochar could replace traditional fillers in construction materials. However, higher filler content beyond 23 wt.% led to a sharp decline in properties, indicating a limit to filler usage. Biochar addition also increased the composite's glass transition (<i>T</i>_g) and thermal stability. Due to their mechanical property performance, thermal permanence, and low carbon footprint, biochar can be a suitable and sustainable alternative reinforcing filler of PVC. Challenges, such as aggregation and poor interfacial adhesion, can be addressed by optimizing processing parameters, incorporation of compatibilizers, and tuning filler levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1138-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://4spepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/vnl.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Characterization of Eco-Friendly Poly(Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) (PBAT)/Orange Peel Powder Films for Active Packaging Applications","authors":"S. Mohan,&nbsp;M. Kumaran,&nbsp;Umang Dubey,&nbsp;G. Rajeshkannan,&nbsp;T. G. Unnikrishnan,&nbsp;K. Panneerselvam,&nbsp;M. Ramesh","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22236","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22236","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a renewable, biodegradable polymer produced from natural materials, providing a sustainable alternative with similar qualities and less environmental effect. This work investigates the augmentation of PBAT by the incorporation of dried orange peel waste powder (OPWP), a plentiful resource abounding in bioactive constituents. Composite films of PBAT/OPWP were fabricated using solution casting at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.% OPWP and assessed for food packaging applications. The films exhibited thermal stability, optical clarity, water barrier characteristics, mechanical strength, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant effects. The PBAT/20 wt.% OPWP composite demonstrated enhanced UV-B light attenuation at 320 nm, mitigating photochemical deterioration. Film thickness and tensile strength augmented by 29% and 19%, respectively, with elevated OPWP content; nevertheless, elongation at break diminished. The composites exhibited significant antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>) and notable antioxidant capabilities. The biodegradability significantly enhanced, with the PBAT/20 wt.% OPWP film attaining a weight loss of 76.43% after 21 days. In actual testing, this composite prolonged the freshness of banana slices for 7 days, surpassing pure PBAT and commercial polyethylene films. These results underscore the promise of PBAT/OPWP composites for eco-friendly food packaging.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"959-974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Mechanisms of Polyethylene Thermal Oxidation Influenced by TiO2 and ZnO: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study","authors":"Shumao Zeng,&nbsp;Diannan Lu,&nbsp;Rui Yang","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22234","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22234","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Incorporating fillers into polyethylene (PE) has emerged as a crucial strategy for modulating its thermo-oxidative aging. However, the mechanistic differences among various fillers remain insufficiently understood at the atomic level. To address this issue, this study combines ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD), first-principles calculations, and thermo-oxidative experiments to investigate the effects of two commonly used fillers, TiO₂ and ZnO, on the thermo-oxidative aging of PE. The results reveal that both fillers promote the dissociation of C–H bonds of PE. TiO₂ enhances the formation of alkyl radicals, driving the generation of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups on the polymer chains. In contrast, ZnO, with its inherently less stable surface structure, exhibits a stronger effect on C–H bond dissociation, leading to significant crosslinking reactions in PE and the development of vinyl groups. These groups are less reactive toward oxygen (O₂), hindering the formation of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups by reducing the density of reaction sites between O₂ and carbon chains. Understanding the intricacies and mechanisms of these processes not only deepens our knowledge of the fundamental aspects of PE's thermo-oxidative aging but also provides a basis for designing fillers to effectively regulate its aging behavior.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1110-1120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of antimicrobial and hydrophobic hot-melt BioCoatings for cellulosic and biobased plastic substrates","authors":"Vito Gigante,&nbsp;Laura Aliotta,&nbsp;Ilaria Canesi,&nbsp;Norma Mallegni,&nbsp;Simone Giangrandi,&nbsp;Francesca Braca,&nbsp;Maria Beatrice Coltelli,&nbsp;Patrizia Cinelli,&nbsp;Andrea Lazzeri","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22229","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22229","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study addresses the growing need for sustainable, functional protection packaging by developing bio-based hot-melt coatings (HMCs) enriched with active biomolecules such as chitin, chitosan, and cutin. Current coatings are petroleum-based and not multi-functional and therefore, there is a necessity to discover more eco-friendly, high-performance alternatives. For this aim, a novel liquid-assisted extrusion process for efficient loading of bioactive compounds into a low-melting poly(butylene sebacate) (PBSe) matrix was explored. Optimized dispersing aids were used to form stable emulsions for homogeneous distribution of the biomolecules and prevention of agglomeration. Thermal and rheological measurements were carried out, and the resultant coatings were applied on both plastic and cellulosic substrates. The most significant findings include an extremely high rise in water repellency (hydrophobic behavior), mechanical behavior, and antimicrobial activity over bare substrates. Such improvement signifies the multifunctional ability of the coatings. The process adopted is easily scalable for industrial applications and represents a sustainable alternative to conventional coatings. Future studies will focus on the optimization of active loadings for specific end-use applications and evaluation of long-term environmental performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Developing bio-based hot-melt coatings with chitin, chitosan, and cutin.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Using liquid-assisted extrusion for uniform biomolecule dispersion.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Enhancing water repellence and antimicrobial properties.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Improving mechanical strength on cellulosic and plastic substrates.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Enabling scalable and sustainable industrial applications.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"985-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart biopolymer based on rice husk extracts and Pinhão failure applied as an interlayer for sliced mozzarella cheese","authors":"Ana Caroline Ferreira Carvalho,&nbsp;Tuany Gabriela Hoffmann,&nbsp;Cristiane Vieira Helm,&nbsp;Elane Schwinden Prudêncio,&nbsp;Swarup Roy,&nbsp;Carolina Krebs de Souza","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22222","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vnl.22222","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food packaging plays a crucial role in preserving food and beverage quality. Biodegradable polymers from renewable materials offer an effective alternative to reduce the environmental impact of non-biodegradable plastics. This study aimed to develop a smart biopolymer (active and intelligent) using agribusiness by-products like rice husk and <i>Pinhão</i> failure (<i>Araucaria angustifolia</i>). The film was created using the casting method and analyzed for its physical, mechanical, antioxidant, and intelligent properties, including color changes at different pH levels, thickness, transparency, and biodegradability. The film, 0.23 ± 0.01 mm thick, had a tensile strength of 0.69 ± 0.09 MPa, maximum force 7.60 ± 0.09 N, 86.06 ± 0.15% transparency, and 17.76 ± 0.05% moisture, enabling biodegradation within 10 days. The water vapor permeability (WVP) of the film was (1.08 ± 0.01) × 10⁻⁸ gH₂O (Pa·s·m) ⁻¹. The coloration of the film obtained values of L* 71.23 ± 0.50, a* 12.11 ± 0.13, b* 41.14 ± 0.17, and color changes at various pH levels demonstrated potential for smart packaging as a freshness indicator, particularly for foods prone to spoilage at alkaline pH. The <i>Pinhão</i> extract contributed phenolic compounds (57.47 ± 2.5 mg GAE.g⁻¹), providing antioxidant properties and thermal resistance up to 200°C. When applied to mozzarella cheese as an interlayer, the film performed comparably to synthetic plastic Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), proving its suitability as a sustainable replacement. This study highlights the potential of <i>Pinhão</i> failure extract in developing biodegradable and smart packaging for food preservation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>A flexible film was developed using extracts from agricultural by-products.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The film exhibited pH-sensitive color changes and antioxidant activity.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The biopolymer biodegrades within 10–12 days.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The film serves as an alternative to synthetic interlayers used in mozzarella.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 5","pages":"1233-1246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}