Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology最新文献

{"title":"Development of lightweight rigid polyvinyl chloride foam for insulation and cushioning using supercritical CO2 and water as co-foaming agents","authors":"Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Chunshuai Lu,&nbsp;Shibao Wen,&nbsp;Zhen Yu,&nbsp;Zhenxiu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was plasticized using an epoxy silane coupling agent (KH560), subsequently foamed with supercritical CO₂ and water, resulting in lightweight, insulating, and cushioning rigid PVC foam. When the catalyst-to-KH560 ratio was 1, the foam exhibited the highest thermal and mechanical properties. The triethanolamine (TEOA) catalytic system produced more uniform cells (20–25 μm) than NaHSO₃. When there was 5 phr KH560, the stiffness and compressive strength of the foam increased by 8 × 10⁵ N/m and 1.0 MPa. When 15 phr KH560 was added, the foam density and conductivity were as low as 76.1 kg/m³ and 36.3 mW/m K, respectively. Additionally, the foam absorbed accounts for 76%–87% of the total impact energy. This work presented an eco-friendly and efficient method for preparing rigid PVC foam with thermal insulation and impact cushioning properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Supercritical CO₂ and water co-foaming were used to prepare rigid PVC foam.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The density was as low as 76.1 kg/m³.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The thermal conductivity was 36.3 mW/m K.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The impact energy absorption rate ranging from 76% to 87%.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"810-823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical performance, structural optimization, and production of PVC axial hollow-wall pipes through materials-saving","authors":"Zeyuan Guo,&nbsp;Pengfei Tang,&nbsp;Changheng Lu,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Zetian Guo,&nbsp;Tianyi Liu,&nbsp;Nianchun Deng","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel structural wall pipe, PVC axial hollow-wall pipe (AHWP) has been developed to reduce carbon emissions during the “Full Life Cycle” of PVC pipelines by reducing material use in the pipe walls. The advantages and application prospects of AHWP are examined, followed by manufacturing prototypes using advanced production techniques. The material properties, internal and external pressure resistance, impact resistance, and buried load deformation of three types of AHWP were evaluated. Experimental and numerical simulations analyzed how the cross-sectional structure on the mechanical performance of AHWP and proposed optimization pathways. Results indicate that the production process for AHWP closely resembles that of PVC solid-wall pipes (SWP), allowing rapid large-scale industrial production with appropriate adjustments. Material consumption for AHWP is only 60% to 70% of that for SWP. All three types of AHWP can withstand long-term hydrostatic pressure of 0.6 MPa, meeting the basic mechanical performance requirements for low-pressure and non-pressure plastic drainage pipes, with circular-hole AHWP demonstrating the best performance. The application of AHWP can diversify the drainage pipe market, and support the societal shift toward sustainable development, characterized by the conservation of resources and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Validated new AHWP design for enhanced structural efficiency.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Optimized AHWP for mechanical performance, cost, and energy.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Developed and refined AHWP prototypes with manufacturing analyses.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Established future structural improvement routes with testing.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Demonstrated AHWP's potential in efficiency, materials, and applications.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 4","pages":"773-791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new strategy to fabricate polyvinyl chloride with antistatic and water extraction resistance by modification of nitrile rubber","authors":"Ming Chen,&nbsp;Haoxuan Sun,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Chen","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22196","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antistatic plasticizer can significantly enhance the antistatic properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), mitigating the potential hazards associated with static electricity (such as damage to electronic components, fire, explosion, etc.). However, the poor water resistance of the plasticizer dibutoxyethoxyethyl adipate (DBEEA) will limit the application performance of materials. In this work, powdered nitrile rubber (PNBR) was ingeniously used to improve the water extraction resistance of DBEEA in PVC. With 30 wt% PNBR added in plasticized PVC, the mass loss rate can reduce 4.96 wt% than plasticized PVC film. Meanwhile, the volume and surface resistivities of PVC/PNBR exposed to air are in the order of 10⁶ Ω·m and 10⁹ Ω, which meets the antistatic requirements of the relevant fields (such as electronics, healthcare, and chemical industry). After water immersion, both the volume and surface resistivity of PVC containing 30 wt% PNBR remain 10⁷ and 10¹¹ Ω, respectively. Furthermore, PVC/PNBR exhibits excellent low-temperature resistance (−28 °C), thermal stability and elasticity, which will broaden the application areas of antistatic plasticized PVC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The plasticized PVC/PNBR with antistatic property is prepared.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PNBR has good adsorption to DBEEA.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PVC/PNBR exhibits superior low-temperature resistance and thermal stability.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"639-651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Syzygium cumini biomass as reinforcing filler in polyvinyl chloride and their antibacterial and biodegradation properties","authors":"K. J. Arun,&nbsp;Meena Muthukrishnan,&nbsp;Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani,&nbsp;Anish Khan,&nbsp;Khalid A. Alzahrani","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass derived from <i>Syzygium cumini</i> seeds (<i>S. Cumini</i>) as an eco-friendly reinforcing filler for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites. The need for sustainable and biodegradable materials in polymer applications motivated this work, particularly to address environmental concerns associated with conventional PVC. Composite films with varying concentrations of <i>S. Cumini</i> seed filler were prepared using solution casting technique. The structural integrity and interactions within the composites were confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The SEM analysis showed an average particle size of 6–14 μm and also revealed the modifications in morphology upon filler addition. Biodegradability was assessed using hydrolytic degradation and soil-burial tests, indicating enhanced environmental compatibility compared to pure PVC. The hydrophilicity of the composites improved, as indicated by an increasing in the water contact angle from 79.4° (hydrophilic) to 107° (hydrophobic). Suppressed <i>S. aureus</i> activity of the PVC composite film has shown its antimicrobial behavior. These properties suggest that <i>S. Cumini</i> – reinforced PVC composites can serve as promising materials for polymer-based medical devices, offering enhanced resistance to bacterial contamination while addressing sustainability challenges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Lignocellulosic biomass <i>S. Cumini</i> was used as reinforcing filler in PVC films.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li><i>S. Cumini</i> extract improved the antimicrobial properties of the films.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Hydrolytic dehydration and soil-burial tests showed enhanced biodegradability.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Hydrophilicity increased, as evidenced by a rise in the water contact angle.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Better bacterial resistance enhances the use in polymer-based medical devices.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"682-695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper-doped ZnO-chitin-cellulose mesoporous nanostructures for enhanced structural, optoelectronic, and antimicrobial efficacy","authors":"Amany M. El Nahrawy,&nbsp;M. K. Seddeek","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22201","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study shows the development and characterization of innovative mesoporous Cu-doped ZnO-chitin-cellulose nanostructures, leveraging a semi-dissolved chitin templating approach to reinforce their structural and functional properties. This innovative approach enhances the structural and functional properties of the composites, demonstrating significant advancements in optoelectronic and antimicrobial performance. FTIR peaks at 971, 787, 621, and 482 cm⁻¹ suggest metal-oxygen vibrations and interactions between Zn, Cu ions, and functional groups in the chitin-cellulose matrix. The chitin-cellulose and ZnO-chitin-cellulose composite were influenced by the presence of Cu ions, by the appearance of absorption peaks at 240 and 303 nm. Incorporating Zn and Zn<span></span>Cu ions altered the composite's bandgap, reducing it from 3.6 to 2.75 eV, thereby enhancing its optical properties. Band gap analysis manifests a decrease in energy gap attributed to Cu doping and the interaction between Cu-3d and O-2p states. The antimicrobial efficacy of chitin-cellulose composites loaded with Zn and Zn<span></span>Cu was significantly enhanced compared to the unloaded samples, with the loaded composites achieving nanoparticle sizes ranging from 26 to 32 nm, respectively. Significant antibacterial activity was observed, with zones of inhibition measured at 26–29 ± 1 mm for <i>E. coli</i>, 29–30 ± 1 mm for <i>B. subtilis</i>, 26–24 ± 1 mm for <i>C. albicans</i>, and 30–32 mm ± 1 for <i>A. fumigatus</i>. The addition of Cu-doped ZnO into the chitin-cellulose matrix significantly enhances the composite's surface area, band gap, photonic activity, and antimicrobial activity, further amplifying its functionality. These advanced properties position the materials as highly suitable for diverse critical applications, including active packaging, drug delivery systems, optoelectronic, and UV shielding solutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Innovative mesopores Copper@ ZnO-Chitin-Cellulose nanostructures.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Nanoparticle ratios influence the properties of chitin-cellulose nanostructures.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Cu@ ZnO enhances absorption and decreases the band gap, providing strong UV protection.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Bioactive mesoporous structures display strong antimicrobial efficacy for biomedical use.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"696-710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheological and morphological behavior of waxy crude with poly(octadecyl methacrylate) as flow modifier","authors":"Pranjal P. Dutta,&nbsp;Bitupan Mohan,&nbsp;Subasita Phukan,&nbsp;Subrat Saikia,&nbsp;Prakash J. Saikia","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Free radical and reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) techniques has been applied in the synthesis of poly(octadecyl methacrylate) (POMA) to be evaluated as flow improver (FI) for waxy crude through rheological and morphological studies. Addition of POMA improves the flow ability of waxy crude as well as modulated the wax crystal morphology. The maximum reduction of apparent viscosity of waxy crude was observed at higher concentration of POMA that was synthesized via free radical polymerization and at lower concentration of POMA that was synthesized via reverse ATRP technique. The wax crystal morphological observation by polarized optical microscopy shows that POMA can strongly crystallize with wax molecules, and the size of wax crystals increases slightly and tends to form small wax crystal flocs, which greatly improves the rheological properties of the crude oil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Comb-like polymer POMA synthesized via free radical and reverse ATRP methods.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Effect of POMA on low-temperature flow ability of crude oil was studied.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>POMA via free radical method efficiently lowers the crude oil gelation point.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Crude oil viscosity significantly decreases with addition of synthesized POMA.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Adding POMA via both methods significantly alters wax crystal size in crude oil.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"652-666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced water-induced shape memory and swelling characteristics of graphene oxide-cellulose nanofiber reinforced polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites","authors":"Lince Mathew Thomas,&nbsp;M. S Sreekanth","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22203","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An efficient water-induced shape memory polymer (SMP) has been developed by incorporating graphene oxide (GO) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. The resulting PVA/GO-CNF hybrid nanocomposite films at 1 wt% exhibit synergistic effect with superior water-induced shape memory performance, with 100% shape recovery within 37 sec. Moreover, these hybrid nanocomposite films at 1 wt% demonstrate superior mechanical strength of 77.9 MPa and an improved glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>_g) of 61.4°C in dry conditions. The synergetic effect of GO and CNF in PVA overcomes the limitations of other PVA-based SMPs in terms of mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and resistance to excessive swelling. Exposure to water significantly reduces <i>T</i>_g to 24.2°C, as confirmed by DSC analysis, which is attributed to the decrease in hydrogen bonding between PVA and 1 wt% GO-CNF caused by the swelling and plasticizing effect of water. Consequently, the shape recovery of the PVA/1 wt% GO-CNF occurs with a switching temperature activation due to the polymer chains' released strain energy. These findings suggest that these hybrid films hold the potential for expanding the applications of SMPs in biomedical and moisture-responsive application such as soft robotics and smart textiles, where water serves as the primary stimulus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PVA/1 wt% GO-CNF hybrid film demonstrates 100% shape recovery in 37 sec.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Water immersed PVA/1 wt% GO-CNF nanocomposites show a reduction in <i>T</i>_g to 24.2°C.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>PVA/1 wt% GO-CNF nanocomposite shows superior mechanical strength in dry conditions.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Shape memory behavior is due to reduction in hydrogen bonding and plasticizing effect.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"728-755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the flame retardancy properties and mechanism of modified epoxy resin with graphene-based hybrid","authors":"Yunrui Luo,&nbsp;Ling Ming,&nbsp;Xiu Wang,&nbsp;Zihao Zhan,&nbsp;Chengyi Xu","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22204","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The inherent disadvantage of epoxy resin (EP) is that it is easy to burn, and a large number of toxic and harmful gases are generated in the combustion process, and there is a huge fire hazard. Graphene, a two-dimensional-layered material with physical barrier effects, is used by many researchers to enhance the fire safety of EP, but because of its easy aggregation, it is difficult to prepare high-performance flame retardants. In our work, a high-performance graphene flame retardant was prepared by grafting a hollow zirconium organic frame material onto the surface of graphene. First, zirconium-based organic frame material (UiO66-NH₂) with different particle sizes was prepared by adjusting acetic acid, the hollow organic frame material was etched with sodium tungstate under acidic conditions, and then reacted with organophosphorus and graphene oxide, thus W-UiO66-DOPO-RGO were obtained. The results show that the W-UiO66-3-DOPO-RGO/EP has enhanced smoke suppression and flame retardancy, the LOI value up to 33.5%, vertical combustion class up to UL-94V-0, PHRR and TSP reduced by up to 58% and 42%, respectively. Through the characterization of the condensed and gas phase of EP composites, the relevant flame retardancy mechanism was clarified, which were mainly the synergistic flame retardancy and smoke suppression mechanism among the adsorption of fractional pores of hollow bimetallic MOFs, catalytic carbonization of metals, condensed phase and gas phase interaction of phosphorus elements, and physical shielding of RGO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>A high-performance graphene-based flame retardants were proposed.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>3 wt% of W-UiO66-3-DOPO-RGO endows EP with excellent flame retardancy.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The fire safety mechanism of W-UiO66-DOPO-RGO/EP was proposed.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"756-770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced gas permeability of HyIIR/CB/OMMT composites constructed from hydroxyl groups and OMMT/CB with strong interactions","authors":"Si-yi Wang,&nbsp;Hong-gen Wang,&nbsp;Yan Shi","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22202","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR) has excellent airtightness, damping, and aging resistance due to its dense side groups and highly saturated main chain. However, the low unsaturation of IIR makes it weak in interaction with fillers. Therefore, the modification of IIR to improve the interaction of IIR with fillers will be critical for the preparation of high performance IIR composites. The introduction of reactive polar groups into IIR was an excellent solution. In this study, a novel modified IIR-hydroxyl functionalized IIR (HyIIR) was prepared and compounded with organic montmorillonite (OMMT) and carbon black (CB) fillers. Due to the stronger interfacial interactions between the rubber and the filler, the dispersion of OMMT achieved nanoscale without adding any modifier, and the gas barrier property of the rubber composites was significantly improved as compared to those of IIR or brominated IIR (BIIR) composites. The HyIIR/CB/OMMT composites were prepared by mechanical blending and sulfur package was used to vulcanize HyIIR via the reaction with vinyl groups. The effects of the dosage of OMMT and sulfur on the processing and application properties of the rubber composites were investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results proved that hydroxyl groups on HyIIR were successfully reacted with the surface groups on OMMT. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the significant increase of the spacing of OMMT layer and nanoscale disperses of OMMT in HyIIR matrix. Payne's effect and dynamic thermo-mechanical (DMA) results indicated that the OMMT and CB particles were more uniformly dispersed in HyIIR than in IIR and had stronger interfacial interactions with the rubber macromolecule. By adjusting the amount of S, the vulcanization time was shortened from 47 to 37 min after adding fillers (OMMT and CB) to the HyIIR matrix, and the tensile strength of HyIIR/CB/OMMT composites reached up to 13.9 MPa and the elongation at break was about 750%. More importantly, the air tightness of HyIIR/CB/OMMT composites was greatly improved. The gas permeability coefficient of HyIIR/CB/OMMT composites with only 1 phr OMMT was improved by 68% (61%) and 48% (44%) relative to IIR/CB (BIIR/CB) and IIR/CB/OMMT (BIIR/CB/OMMT) composites, respectively. The use of hydroxyl-functionalized IIR species compounding with OMMT provides a new and innovative approach for improvement of the airtightness of IIR composites, which was expected to be widely used in the field of tire air-sealing layers or inner tube with high demand for the airtightness.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Highlights&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;div&gt;\u0000 &lt;ul&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;An novel functionalized IIR-HyIIR was synthesized and compounded with fillers.&lt;/li&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"711-727"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production, characterization and life cycle analysis of ZnO doped LDPE films","authors":"Gözde Koçak Mutlu,&nbsp;Elif Gamze Taskin,&nbsp;Mehmet Karahan,&nbsp;Ali Kara,&nbsp;Gökhan Ekrem Üstün","doi":"10.1002/vnl.22199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.22199","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, virgin and recycled polymer films doped with ZnO in different proportions were prepared by extrusion. ZnO was first incorporated into LLDPE to produce masterbatches, which were then added to LDPE at a 10% ratio to fabricate the composite films. The produced films were analyzed using FTIR, SEM, TGA, DSC and tensile tests to evaluate their optical, thermal and mechanical properties. In addition, a life cycle assessment was carried out for each film and the environmental impacts were compared. A functional unit of 1 kg of film was selected and the process from raw material extraction to film production was analyzed in detail using the cradle-to-gate model. The findings indicate that the recycled film produced with 1% ZnO addition exhibits superior optical and thermal properties, high tensile and break strength, and offers positive environmental benefits. Therefore, recycled film produced with 1% ZnO additive was considered the most sustainable and suitable option for bag production.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Highlights</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Virgin and recycled polymer films were doped with ZnO and produced.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Films' optical, thermal, and mechanical properties were studied.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The 1% ZnO doped recycled film exhibited high optical and thermal properties.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>LCA show 1% ZnO doped recycled film is the optimal sustainable product.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology","volume":"31 3","pages":"667-681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/vnl.22199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}