Optimizing PVC photostability and UV blocking capability through nanoparticles incorporation: A comprehensive review

IF 3.8 4区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED
Mohammed Basil Anwer, Mohammed H. Al-Mashhadani, Raghda Alsayed, Asmaa Hadi Mohammed, Sohad A. Alshareef, Zamzam Alhuwaymil, Mohammed S. S. Alyami, Emad Yousif
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plays a crucial role in various sectors including industry, agriculture and medicine, primarily due to their affordability, durability, relative chemical inertness, versatility, and ease of processing. Nonetheless, the polymer experiences a serious damage (degradation) upon exposure to UV radiation from sunlight. UV light mainly induces dehydrochlorination, leading to the release of hydrogen chloride (HCl). This process results in the formation of conjugated alkene structures within the polymer backbone, causing weight loss, and deterioration in the PVC's mechanical and physical properties. This deterioration affects not only the material's structure and appearance but also its performance, particularly in outdoor environments. Many advancements have been made in developing UV protective and UV blocking agents to reduce the effect of the harmful light on the polymer and the substance contained within. Nanoparticles (NPs) encompass a wide range of organic, inorganic, and hybrid materials, which have proven an outstanding UV stabilizing effect on the polymer via different mechanisms including absorption, reflection, scattering, and radicals scavenging. The incorporation of NPs into the polymeric matrix not only enhances the photostability of it but also endow the polymer improved UV-blocking capability enlarging its application in various fields, most importantly packaging. While some of these NPs exhibit photocatalysis effect on the polymer and increase the rate of degradation, the surface modification can substantially reduce this effect. This review covers all research papers published since 2015 that investigate the use of nanoparticles not only as photostabilizers but also as UV-shielding agents, providing a comprehensive analysis of their applications. It also delves into the underlying mechanisms by which these nanoparticles enhance the photostability of the polymer matrix itself and the protection of the materials contained within it through the blocking of the harmful light. Additionally, it discusses recent strategies, especially surface modification, to enhance the dispersion of NPs in polymeric materials and decreasing the photocatalytic activity of NPs.

Highlights

  • PVC is susceptible to degradation caused by UV radiation from sunlight.
  • NPs are promising candidates for mitigating the harmful effects of UV light.
  • Surface modification reduces photocatalytic degradation by nanoparticles.
  • Homogeneous distribution of NPs in the polymer improves photostability.
  • NPs endow polymers with UV-shielding capabilities for packing applications.

Abstract Image

通过加入纳米颗粒优化聚氯乙烯的光稳定性和紫外线阻隔能力:综述
聚氯乙烯(PVC)在包括工业、农业和医药在内的各个领域发挥着至关重要的作用,主要是由于其价格合理、耐用、相对化学惰性、多功能性和易于加工。尽管如此,聚合物在暴露于阳光的紫外线辐射下会遭受严重的破坏(降解)。紫外光主要诱导脱氢氯化,导致氯化氢(HCl)的释放。这一过程导致在聚合物骨架内形成共轭烯烃结构,造成重量损失,并使PVC的机械和物理性能恶化。这种恶化不仅影响材料的结构和外观,而且影响其性能,特别是在室外环境中。为了减少有害光对聚合物及其所含物质的影响,在开发防紫外线和防紫外线剂方面取得了许多进展。纳米粒子(NPs)包含了广泛的有机、无机和杂化材料,它们通过吸收、反射、散射和自由基清除等不同的机制对聚合物具有出色的紫外线稳定作用。NPs的加入不仅提高了聚合物的光稳定性,而且提高了聚合物的抗紫外线能力,扩大了其在各个领域的应用,尤其是封装领域。虽然其中一些NPs对聚合物表现出光催化作用,提高了降解速度,但表面改性可以大大降低这种作用。本综述涵盖了自2015年以来发表的所有研究纳米颗粒作为光稳定剂和紫外线屏蔽剂的研究论文,并对其应用进行了全面分析。它还深入研究了这些纳米颗粒增强聚合物基体本身的光稳定性以及通过阻挡有害光来保护其中包含的材料的潜在机制。此外,本文还讨论了提高NPs在聚合物材料中的分散和降低NPs光催化活性的最新策略,特别是表面改性。聚氯乙烯易受阳光紫外线辐射的影响而降解。NPs是减轻紫外线有害影响的有希望的候选者。表面改性减少了纳米颗粒的光催化降解。NPs在聚合物中的均匀分布提高了光稳定性。NPs赋予聚合物在包装应用中屏蔽紫外线的能力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology
Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology 工程技术-材料科学:纺织
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
14.80%
发文量
73
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology is a peer-reviewed technical publication for new work in the fields of polymer modifiers and additives, vinyl polymers and selected review papers. Over half of all papers in JVAT are based on technology of additives and modifiers for all classes of polymers: thermoset polymers and both condensation and addition thermoplastics. Papers on vinyl technology include PVC additives.
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