Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"The effect of prenatal fumonisin B exposure on bone innervation in newborn Wistar rats.","authors":"Ewa Tomaszewska, Piotr Dobrowolski, Aleksandra Dajnowska, Liwia Arbatowska, Iwona Puzio, Halyna Rudyk, Oksana Brezvyn, Ihor Kotsyumbas, Janine Donaldson, Jadwiga Śliwa, Marcin B Arciszewski, Siemowit Muszyński","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study explored the effects of prenatal exposure to fumonisins B (FB) on bone innervation in newborn Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Pregnant dams (n = 6 per group) were assigned to either the control or one of two FB-exposed groups (60 mg or 90 mg/kg body weight) from the 7^th day of gestation until parturition. On the day of parturition, one male pup from each litter (n = 6 per group) was randomly selected and euthanised, and their femurs were dissected for analysis. Bone innervation was quantified by examining the morphology patterns of sympathetic, parasympathetic, sensory and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)-positive fibres. Prepared bone sections were analysed using immunohistochemistry staining for protein gene product 9.5, tyrosine hydroxylase, choline acetyltransferase, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P and CART-positive neurons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The group that received a higher dose of FB demonstrated an increase in both the size and complexity of the complete bone neuronal network together with heightened sympathetic and sensory innervation, and displayed a decrease in neuron density and sympathetic innervation. Fumonisin B exposure led to a decrease in galanin-positive and VIP-positive bone neuronal networks in both groups exposed to FB, while in the lower-dose group, there was also a decrease in CART-positive innervation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prenatal FB exposure significantly influences the neuronal bone network of rats, which is essential for maintaining bone homeostasis. These findings emphasise the necessity for further research to understand the lasting effects and underlying mechanisms of alterations induced by FB.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"633-642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of consumption of cranberry <i>(Vaccinium macrocarpon)</i> on <i>Escherichia coli</i> adherence to feline uroepithelial cells in a blind randomised cross-over trial in cats.","authors":"Amaranta Carvajal-Campos, Lucile Trebossen, Isabelle Jeusette, Gilles Mayot, Celina Torre, Victor Fragua, Anna Fernandez, Patrick Di Martino","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Escherichia coli</i> is the most common uropathogen in humans, dogs and cats. Dietary consumption of cranberry (<i>Vaccinium macrocarpon</i>) is known to be associated with a reduction in uropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> (UPEC) adhesion to human and canine urinary epithelial cell lines, but this has not been shown in cats.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Six neutered domestic cats, one male and five females, were randomly fed three diets successively, one containing 0.1% cranberry powder, one containing 0.3% cranberry powder, and one being the control without cranberry. Naturally emitted urine was collected on the last two days of each period of two weeks and used for bacterial growth. Adherence to Crandell-Rees feline kidney (CRFK) uroepithelial cells of the feline UPEC C571 strain (positive for the <i>pap</i>C gene marker for P-fimbriae and the <i>fim</i>A marker for type 1 pili and negative for the gene of the alpha haemolysin cytotoxin <i>hly</i>A, and additionally non-haemolytic <i>in vitro</i> on blood agar) was quantified after growth in urine samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reductions in bacterial adherence to CRFK cells were observed for 60% of cats receiving 0.1% cranberry powder supplementation and for all cats receiving 0.3% cranberry powder supplementation, compared to the same animals consuming the control diet.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation with cranberry may provide some degree of protection to cats against adhesion of UPEC to feline uroepithelial cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"583-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular analysis of <i>Anaplasma ovis, Theileria ovis</i> and <i>Brucella abortus</i> in adult <i>Ornithodoros lahorensis</i> soft ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae) isolated from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.","authors":"Dandan Liu, Jinming Wang, Yutong Liu, Shuiyi Wang, Huiru Zhu, Bingbing Jiang, Yongchang Li, Yang Zhang, Bayin Chahan, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ticks are obligate blood-feeding arthropods that cause significant economic losses in domestic animal husbandry and threaten public health. However, information about soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae) and tick-borne pathogens in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) of China is scarce.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this study, PCR assays and gene sequencing were used to detect and analyse the epidemiological features of <i>Anaplasma ovis</i>, <i>Theileria ovis</i> and <i>Brucella abortus</i> parasitic infections in 366 <i>Ornithodoros lahorensis</i> soft ticks collected from five sampling sites in the XUAR from October 2019 to March 2022. The ticks were identified by morphological and molecular methods as <i>O. lahorensis</i>. The PCR was conducted using primers complementary to the major surface protein 4 (<i>Msp4</i>) gene of <i>A. ovis</i>, the 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) of <i>T. ovis</i> and the outer membrane protein 22 (<i>Omp22</i>) gene of <i>B. abortus</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall infection rate was 91/366 (24.9%) for <i>A. ovis</i>, 127/366 (34.7%) for <i>T. ovis</i> and 94/366 (25.6%) for <i>B. abortus</i>. Sequencing analysis indicated that <i>A. ovis Msp4</i>, <i>T. ovis</i> 18S rRNA and <i>B. abortus Omp22</i> genes from XUAR isolates showed 99.58-100% identity with documented isolates from other countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides fundamental evidence for the occurrence of <i>A. ovis</i>, <i>T. ovis</i> and <i>B. abortus</i> in <i>O. lahorensis</i>. Therefore, the potential threat of soft ticks to livestock and humans should not be ignored. This study expands the understanding of the existence of tick-borne pathogens in <i>O. lahorensis</i> and is expected to improve the strategies for prevention and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"355-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the addition of different forms of rosemary (<i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L.) on the quality of vacuum-packed minced pork.","authors":"Katarzyna Śmiecińska, Tomasz Daszkiewicz, Agnieszka Krajewska, Dorota Kubiak","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Apart from their antioxidant activity, plant-derived bioactive compounds can also positively affect the quality of meat and meat products by improving their sensory and microbiological properties and preventing discolouration. The aim of this study was to determine how the addition of different forms of rosemary improved the quality of pork.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Minced pork samples were divided into a control sample without additives (C) and three experimental samples with certified additives (15 mg/kg of meat each), <i>i.e</i>. rosemary oleoresin (ROL), extract (REX) and essential oil (REO). Each was further divided into three subsamples; the first was evaluated before storage, and the second and third were evaluated after respective 7- and 14-day vacuum-packed storage at 2°C. The TBARS value was expressed as mg of malondialdehyde (MDA) per kg of meat. Colour was determined based on the values of the standard colour space values of L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) as well as C* (chroma) and h° (hue angle). Sensory attributes of the samples were evaluated on a nine-point scale. The pour-plating procedure was used for the enumeration of <i>Pseudomonas</i>, mesophilic lactic acid bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria and rods of the <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> family. Within each bacterial group, the most common colonies were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lipid oxidation was most effectively inhibited by REO. The addition of ROL and REO to pork lightened its colour. Meat with REO had stronger redness, whereas meat with ROL had stronger yellowness. The addition of REX affected the sensory properties of pork most beneficially. Neither <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> nor <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. were detected in REO pork, which also contained lower counts of lactic acid bacteria than group C pork.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study indicate that rosemary has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and may improve the colour and sensory attributes of pork. The effect exerted by rosemary on meat quality may vary depending on the physical form of the additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"419-426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chokeberry pomace as a feed additive for high-producing dairy goats on oxidative stress parameters and quality of milk.","authors":"Monika Szymańska-Czerwińska, Maima Matin, Krzysztof Niemczuk, Nina Strzałkowska, Zbigniew Osiński, Karina Horbańczuk, Agnieszka Wierzbicka, Jarosław Olav Horbańczuk, Atanas Georgiev Atanasov, Artur Jóźwik","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chokeberry pomace, rich in polyphenolic compounds, holds potential to be a valuable feed additive for enhancing the antioxidative capacity and overall quality of milk. This study explores the impact of dietary inclusion of chokeberry pomace on oxidative stress parameters and other milk quality parameters in high-producing dairy goats.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty-seven goats were allocated into three groups: a control group provided standard feed and two experimental groups provided feed supplemented with 15 g or 30 g of chokeberry pomace per kilogram. Milk samples were analysed for physicochemical traits, a range of enzyme activities and antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplementation with chokeberry pomace significantly reduced milk fat content, enhanced antioxidative properties and increased most of the quantified enzyme activities. Total polyphenol content and reduced glutathione levels were significantly higher in the supplemented groups, correlating with improved antioxidative potential of the milk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chokeberry pomace in goat diets enhances milk's antioxidative properties and upregulates its enzymatic activity profile, suggesting a potential strategy to improve the nutritional quality and health benefits of goat milk. The study underscores the utility of chokeberry pomace as a feed additive that might not only benefit animal health but also contribute to enhanced milk quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"409-417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of <i>Mycoplasma canis</i> in the vaginas of breeding bitches.","authors":"Dariusz Jagódka, Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska, Piotr Andrzej Socha","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>How bacterial infections of the reproductive tract cause infertility and the correlation between the health status of female dogs and the presence of <i>Mycoplasma canis</i> (<i>M. canis</i>) in the vagina are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the <i>M. canis</i> population in the vagina of breeding bitches and to correlate this microbial population with some fertility outcomes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 275 breeding bitches were included in the study. Vaginal samples were collected for microbiological and PCR testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Mycoplasma canis</i> was identified in 34.91% of the samples. One-third of bitches from the problem-free group and 41.18% from the group with problems were positive. In general, there were no significant differences in the prevalence of <i>M. canis</i> between the groups (P-value > 0.05). <i>Mycoplasma canis</i> occurs in both mated and unmated bitches and was found in a large number of kennels (67%). There was a correlation between <i>M. canis</i> in the kennel and the incidence of single puppy deaths and low litter sizes. There was also some correlation between the presence of <i>M. canis</i> in the vagina with at least two other bacterial strains and reproductive disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that <i>M. canis</i> is part of the normal vaginal flora of breeding bitches, although a role for this bacterium in causing some reproductive disorders remains to be disproved.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"347-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the role of <i>Dirofilaria repens</i> macrophage migration inhibitory factors in host-parasite interactions.","authors":"Justyna Karabowicz, Ewa Długosz, Piotr Bąska, Mateusz Pękacz, Magdalena Elżbieta Wysmołek, Maciej Klockiewicz, Marcin Wiśniewski","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Dirofilaria repens</i> is a zoonotic parasitic filarial nematode that infects carnivores and occasionally humans. Knowledge of the host-parasite molecular interactions enabling the parasite's avoidance of the host immune response in subcutaneous dirofilariasis remains limited. Parasitic orthologues of host macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) are molecules potentially involved in this process.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Complementary DNA encoding two <i>D. repens</i> MIF orthologues (r<i>Dre</i>-MIF-1 and r<i>Dre</i>-MIF-2) was cloned into a pET-28a expression vector. The recombinant proteins were produced in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and purified using affinity nickel chromatography. The reactivity of both recombinant proteins was analysed with infected dog and immunised mouse sera.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stronger antibody production was induced by r<i>Dre-</i>MIF-1 in mice, as evidenced by significantly higher levels of anti-r<i>Dre</i>-MIF-1 total IgG, IgG2 and IgE antibodies than of anti-r<i>Dre</i>-MIF-2 immunoglobulins. Additionally, a significantly different level of antibodies specific to both proteins was noted between the sera of infected dogs and those of uninfected dogs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first attempt to characterise MIF orthologues from the filarial parasite <i>D. repens</i>, which may affect the immune response during infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"381-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The perfusion index as a method of assessing epidural anaesthesia efficacy in healthy dogs.","authors":"Harumichi Itoh, Hajime Inoue, Takuya Itamoto, Kenji Tani, Hiroshi Sunahara, Yuki Nemoto, Munekazu Nakaichi, Toshie Iseri, Kazuhito Itamoto","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Perfusion index (PI) is used as assessment of epidural anaesthesia efficacy in human medicine, but its usefulness in dogs is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of PI in determining epidural anaesthesia effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This is prospective cross-over experimental study. Five healthy adult beagle dogs were anaesthetised and an epidural catheter was inserted in the lumbosacral area and adjusted so that the end of the catheter was placed at the fourth lumbar vertebra. Single-port catheters were used in the control group and multiple-port catheters were used in the treatment group. A PI probe was placed on a hind leg, and the catheter placement was confirmed <i>via</i> computed tomography. The treatment group received a bolus dose of lidocaine, and the control group received saline, <i>via</i> epidural catheter. The PI value was recorded every 5 min until 30 min after lidocaine injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PIs of the hind limbs were not significantly different over time, nor were they between the control and lidocaine-injected groups at any point in time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PI is not useful in determining the efficacy of epidural anaesthesia in dogs under general anaesthesia. In the future, finding a reliable method to evaluate the success of regional anaesthesia, even in patients under general anaesthesia, will be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"469-473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of oxidative stress, biochemical changes, and the activity of lysosomal enzymes in the livers of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> Walbaum) vaccinated against yersiniosis before a <i>Yersinia ruckeri</i> challenge.","authors":"Natalia Kurhaluk, Joanna Grudniewska, Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska, Joanna Pajdak-Czaus, Elżbieta Terech-Majewska, Aleksandra Platt-Samoraj, Halina Tkaczenko","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate biomarkers of oxidative stress (2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, aldehyde and ketone derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins and total antioxidant capacity), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase), that of lysosomal enzymes (alanyl aminopeptidase, leucyl aminopeptidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and acid phosphatase) and changes in biochemical parameters (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, de Ritis ratio, lactate dehydrogenase activity, lactate and pyruvate levels and their ratio) in the liver tissue of fish that were vaccinated against enteric redmouth disease and challenged with its causative agent, the bacterium <i>Yersinia ruckeri</i>.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The vaccine was administered orally to trout, some of which were challenged with <i>Y. ruckeri</i> 61 days later. For comparison, unvaccinated and unchallenged trout and unvaccinated and challenged trout were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the unvaccinated fish, infection with <i>Y. ruckeri</i> disrupted the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance, led to a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins, decreased total antioxidant capacity and significantly increased the activity of lysosomal enzymes. In vaccinated fish, the <i>Y. ruckeri</i> challenge increased the activity of glutathione-related enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation, anaerobic metabolism and the activity of lysosomal enzymes in fish livers relative to the unvaccinated and challenged group. In contrast, these parameters increased after the <i>Y. ruckeri</i> challenge in unvaccinated trout relative to those in the untreated group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vaccination exerted a protective effect during the <i>Y. ruckeri</i> challenge and had no adverse effect on fish livers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"325-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of coffee husks used as pellet bedding material on the intestinal barrier, immune-related gene expression and microbiota composition in the broiler chicken caecum.","authors":"Jakub Biesek, Aleksandra Dunisławska, Wojciech Kozdruń","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2024-0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Using coffee husks as waste material for bedding contributes to sustainable development. A sustainable choice of bedding has also, however, to be a safe choice for poultry. The study analysed immune-related gene expression in the intestinal mucosa and indicator bacteria in caecal content collected from broiler chickens bedded on material with coffee husk addition.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>One-day-old Ross 308 chickens were divided into four groups of 10 birds each in five replicates: C, the control group kept on wheat straw bedding; CH10, a group kept on bedding of 10% coffee husks and 90% wheat straw; CH25, a group kept on bedding of 25% husks and 75% straw; and CH50, a group kept on bedding of 50% husks and 50% straw. After 42 days, the birds were slaughtered, the caecal mucosae were removed for RNA isolation and the caecal content was collected for bacterial DNA isolation. The expression of genes involved in intestinal immune response and host organism defence and the relative abundance of indicator bacteria were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upregulation of the expression of genes related to the immune response and intestinal tightness was correlated with an increase in the percentage of coffee husks in the pellet. Coffee husk pellets at 50% bedding content caused a significant numerical increase in <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and a statistically significant increase in <i>Lactobacillus</i>. A significant reduction in <i>E. coli</i> bacteria was also demonstrated in this group. Coffee husk pellets at all content percentages resulted in a statistically significant diminution of the level of <i>Streptococcus</i> bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of coffee husks to poultry litter effects beneficial changes in the expression of genes related to intestinal health and the caecal bacterial profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"443-449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}