Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"PEG-liposomal doxorubicin as a potential agent for canine metastatic osteosarcoma - <i>in vitro</i> and <i>ex ovo</i> studies.","authors":"Magdalena Walewska,&nbsp;Anna Małek,&nbsp;Bartosz Taciak,&nbsp;Anna Wojtalewicz,&nbsp;Sylwia Wilk,&nbsp;Agata Wojtkowska,&nbsp;Katarzyna Zabielska-Koczywąs,&nbsp;Roman Lechowski","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) is a highly aggressive and metastatic primary bone tumour in dogs. Standard therapy is amputation and adjuvant chemotherapy (<i>e.g</i>. with doxorubicin). Liposomal drug delivery may augment therapeutic efficacy and reduce negative side effects. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-liposomal doxorubicin treats human metastatic cancers effectively. The study aimed was to evaluate PEG-liposomal doxorubicin's inhibitory effect on canine metastatic proliferation and migration <i>in vitro</i>. It also aimed to appraise the drug's extravasation inhibition <i>in vivo</i> using the human medicine-proven chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane <i>ex ovo</i> model.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The canine D-17 OSA cell line was cultured and inoculated with decreasing concentrations of PEG-liposomal doxorubicin and conventional doxorubicin in a 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test of cell viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry with Annexin V and Draq 7 staining confirmed the MTT test results, indicating dead, early and late apoptotic, and live cells. The inhibitory effect of the two preparations on cancer cell migration was investigated with a wound-healing assay. Culture plates seeded with cells were prepared. The cell monolayer was scratched and images of cells migrating to the scratch were captured at 0 h, 12 h and 24 h. Also, embryos were removed from three-day-incubated fertilised chicken eggs. On the 12^th day, labelled D-17 cells were injected into each embryo. Embryos in one group received 100 μL of phosphate-buffered saline as controls, those in another group 30 μg/mL of PEG-liposomal doxorubicin, and those in the last group 6 μg/mL of conventional doxorubicin. The effectiveness of the intravascular administration of the D-17 cells was confirmed under a microscope.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PEG-liposomal doxorubicin inhibited the migration of canine OSA cells more effectively than conventional doxorubicin (P ≤ 0.05). The <i>ex ovo</i> model showed that both drugs had similar impacts on canine metastatic OSA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The liposomal form of the drug may be considered a potentially effective compound in canine metastatic OSA; nevertheless, further <i>in vivo</i> studies are essential to confirm this hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/42/ef/jvetres-67-2-jvetres-2023-0026.PMC10541662.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41131070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of the enniatins and beauvericin in raw and UHT cow's milk in Poland.","authors":"Katarzyna Pietruszka,&nbsp;Łukasz Panasiuk,&nbsp;Piotr Jedziniak","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The enniatins A, A1, B and B1 (ENNs) and beauvericin (BEA) are structurally related compounds produced by <i>Fusarium</i> species. They occur as contaminants in cereals, such as wheat, barley and maize. They are called \"emerging mycotoxins\", because they have been reported in feed and food and their toxic effects are not fully known. Data on their levels in food (especially in milk) are limited. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of ENNs and BEA in milk.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 103 bovine milk samples (76 of raw milk and 27 of UHT milk) were collected from different parts of Poland and analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 76 raw milk samples, 31 (41%) and 15 (20%) samples were contaminated with ENN B and with BEA, respectively. No contamination with other enniatins was found. The highest concentration of BEA was found in raw milk and was 6.17 μg kg^-1. Out of the 27 samples of UHT milk, 16 (59%) were contaminated with ENN B at concentrations ranging from 0.157 μg kg^-1 to 0.587 μg kg^-1 (limit of quantification (LOQ) 0.098 μg kg^-1). Beauvericin was detected in 9 UHT milk samples (33%) at concentrations ranging from 0.101 μg kg^-1 to 1.934 μg kg^-1 (LOQ 0.095 μg kg^-1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated constant but low milk contamination in Poland with ENN B and BEA. The analysis of milk samples revealed that the emerging mycotoxins ENN B and BEA were measured in trace amounts. It does not suggest any immediate risk to milk consumers; however, it is unknown whether long-term exposure to low levels of toxins may be harmful.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/1f/jvetres-67-2-jvetres-2023-0021.PMC10541658.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41135615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of an extract rich in proteins obtained from <i>Trametes versicolor</i>.","authors":"Katarzyna Michalak,&nbsp;Stanisław Winiarczyk,&nbsp;Łukasz Adaszek,&nbsp;Urszula Kosikowska,&nbsp;Sylwia Andrzejczuk,&nbsp;Katarzyna Garbacz,&nbsp;Anna Dobrut,&nbsp;Łukasz Jarosz,&nbsp;Wiktoria Czupryna,&nbsp;Dorota Pietras-Ożga","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bioactive proteins and peptides generated from fruit, vegetables, meat or fish have great potential as functional food or substitutes for antibiotics. In recent years it has also been demonstrated that the fungus kingdom could be a source of these compounds. The study investigated the bioactivity of an extract of the lignicolous fungus <i>Trametes versicolor</i> and its hydrolysate.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The fungus was collected in a mixed forest in October, extracted and hydrolysed. To inspect the protein and peptide profiles before and after hydrolysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis was performed. To evaluate the antioxidant properties of the preparations, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH^•) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS^•+) radical scavenging assays were used. The activity of the fungus extract and hydrolysate against <i>Aeromonas veronii</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>, <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i>, and <i>Streptococcus uberis</i> was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The extract and its hydrolysate showed almost 100% ABTS^•+ and DPPH^• radical scavenging with a low half maximal inhibitory concentration. The water extract and hydrolysate of <i>T. versicolor</i> exhibited antimicrobial activity against two <i>S. aureus</i> strains, <i>E. coli</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide compelling evidence that the analysed fungus extract and its hydrolysate hold promise with their antibacterial and antioxidant properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/63/d5/jvetres-67-2-jvetres-2023-0036.PMC10541659.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41131069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Eradication of <i>M. Caprae</i> Tuberculosis in Wild Boar (<i>Sus Scrofa</i>) in the Bieszczady Mountains, Southern Poland - An Administrative Perspective.","authors":"Mirosław Welz,&nbsp;Monika Krajewska-Wędzina,&nbsp;Blanka Orłowska,&nbsp;Anna Didkowska,&nbsp;Łukasz Radulski,&nbsp;Przemysław Łoś,&nbsp;Marcin Weiner,&nbsp;Krzysztof Anusz","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease caused by acid-fast bacteria belonging to the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex (MTBC). Both animals and humans are susceptible to infection by the MTBC. Interspecies transmission is also possible, including to livestock and humans. In the years 1997-2013, many tuberculosis cases were recorded in European bison in the Bieszczady Mountains; more alarmingly, TB was also recorded in wild boar in the years 2013-2020.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In the years 2013-2020, 104 wild boar from the Bieszczady Mountains were tested for TB through necropsy, mycobacterial culture, strain identification and spoligotyping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microbiological examination confirmed TB in 46 wild boar; these infections were identified as <i>M. caprae</i>, spoligotype SB2391.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Free-living European bison are at risk of TB infection from wild boar carrying <i>M. caprae</i>. This situation also poses a risk to local cattle. There is a need for further activities aimed at monitoring the disease, preventing further transmission, and minimising the risk to public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/29/dd/jvetres-67-061.PMC10062052.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Microbiological Characteristics of Gingival Pockets in the Periodontal Diseases of Dogs.","authors":"Izabela Polkowska,&nbsp;Barbara Tymczyna-Borowicz,&nbsp;Magdalena Gołyńska,&nbsp;Beata Nowicka","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Canine periodontitis results among other factors from a disturbed balance of dental plaque microflora and an inadequate host inflammatory response to a stimulus. This investigation sought to identify microorganisms associated with canine periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Microbiological analysis was undertaken of gingival pockets in an experimental group of 36 dogs with periodontal diseases. Swabs were collected with the use of Pet Test (MIP Pharma, Berlin, Germany) from patients with gingival pockets deeper than 5 mm. Samples were aggregated and placed in separate shipping containers with the Pet Test kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Identification was made of the most common microorganisms, <i>e.g</i>. <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Treponema denticola</i> and <i>Prevotella intermedia</i>. The red complex constituted the largest proportion of all analysed organisms (84.26%). <i>Capnocytophaga gingivalis</i> was isolated from 33 dogs, <i>Peptostreptococcus micros</i> from 32 dogs, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> from 29 animals and <i>P. intermedia</i> from 20.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The highest percentage of pathogens was supplied by <i>P. gingivalis</i> (61%). It is thought that dogs acquire them by means of cross-species transmission. The inter-study variability of results may depend not only on the method of periopathogen detection, but also on environmental factors, host immune status or genetic background. Depending on the state of periodontal disease, patients show varied microbiological profiles of the gingival pockets.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b1/5f/jvetres-67-115.PMC10062037.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of <i>Babesia</i> Spp., <i>Theileria</i> Spp., and <i>Anaplasma Ovis</i> in <i>Ornithodoros Lahorensis</i> from Southern Xinjiang, China.","authors":"Siang Li,&nbsp;Liu Zhang,&nbsp;Peng Zhou,&nbsp;Zheng Li,&nbsp;Haonan Song,&nbsp;Yaping Song,&nbsp;Chuan Li,&nbsp;Wanqi Xiangzheng,&nbsp;Junyuan Wu","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ticks are blood-sucking arthropods that have negative economic impacts and can spread a variety of diseases through their bites. There are few reports on soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae) and tick-borne pathogens in southern Xinjiang, China. This investigation supplements the available information for this region and is concerned with an argasid tick, apicomplexan parasites of the <i>Babesia</i> and <i>Theileria</i> genera and a bacterium of the <i>Anaplasma</i> genus.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this study, 330 soft ticks were collected from nine sampling sites in southern Xinjiang between 2020 and 2021. The ticks were identified according to their morphological characteristics and confirmed as <i>Ornithodoros lahorensis</i> using mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences. <i>Babesia</i> and <i>Theileria</i> were identified at the species level based on two fragments of the 18S rRNA gene, and one set of primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene was used to identify the <i>Anaplasma</i> genus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 330 samples, one <i>Babesia</i> species (<i>Babesia</i> sp.), two <i>Theileria</i> species (<i>T. ovis</i> and <i>T. annulata</i>), and one <i>Anaplasma</i> (<i>A. ovis</i>) species were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides fundamental evidence for the occurrence of <i>Babesia</i>, <i>Theileria</i> and <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in soft ticks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the detection of <i>Babesia</i> sp. and <i>T. annulata</i> in <i>O. lahorensis</i>. Therefore, the potential threat of soft ticks to livestock and humans should not be ignored.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/71/0a/jvetres-67-079.PMC10062040.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Peptides Derived from L1 Protein Against Bovine Papillomavirus-1/2 Identified Along Mexico's Cattle Export Route.","authors":"Paola Leonor García Coronado,&nbsp;César Iván Romo Sáenz,&nbsp;Jorge R Kawas,&nbsp;Diana Ginette Zarate Triviño,&nbsp;Yareellys Ramos Zayas,&nbsp;Silvia Elena Santana Krímskaya,&nbsp;Cristina Rodríguez Padilla,&nbsp;Moisés Armides Franco Molina","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bovine papillomatosis affects animal health and represents one of the greatest economic losses in the livestock sector. New control and prevention methods to protect the livestock industry from this disease are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate a candidate peptide for antibody production against bovine papillomavirus (BPV).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 64 cattle underwent wart excision among 5,485 cattle distributed over 2 to 4 farms per state and 12 farms in total in the four Mexican states of Tabasco, Chiapas, Veracruz, and Nuevo León. The prevalence of bovine papillomatosis per farm was calculated by wart visualisation. The warts were genotyped by PCR and sequenced, then a phylogenetic tree was built using MEGA X software. A synthetic peptide was designed in the ABCpred, Bepipred 2.0, Bepipred IDBT, Bepitope, LBtope, and MHC II predictor online server software's based on the C-terminal region of the L1 protein. Mice antibody production was induced by subcutaneous immunisation with 50 μg of synthetic peptide and evaluated by indirect ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of BPV was higher in Tabasco, Chiapas, and Veracruz. Bovine papillomaviruses 1 and 2 were found in all representative samples. A phylogenetic tree showed that Mexican sequences were located in exclusive clades yet were highly related to international ones. The peptide immunisation induced antibody titres of 1 : 10,000/1 : 1,000,000 against synthetic peptide and whole wart lysate (WWL), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Co-infections of BPV-1 and -2 were found in all four states. Immunisation of BALB/C mice with BPV-1/2-derived synthetic peptide based on the C-terminal region of the major viral capsid protein L1 induced the production of specific antibodies able to recognise BPV-1/2 viral particles from bovine WWL.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/21/jvetres-67-011.PMC10062047.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9596483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Leukotriene B₄ in Cow Metritis.","authors":"Guo-Qing Wang,&nbsp;Hao-Yue Zheng,&nbsp;Jin-Long Hou,&nbsp;Cui Wang,&nbsp;Hui-Lian Sun,&nbsp;Lan Wang","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metritis is a common postpartum disease in dairy cows. As a mast cell (MC) mediator, leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) is the strongest phagocyte chemokine. It is important in inflammation for the recruitment of immune cells to resist infection. This study investigated the effect of LTB₄ in metritis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty Holstein cows 3 to 6 years old and at 6 to 10 days postpartum were selected, ten of which with postpartum metritis were the experimental group, and the other ten of which as healthy cows were the control group. The levels of LTB₄, substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were measured by ELISA, the expression of LTB₄ receptor 2 (BLT2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 mRNA was measured by qPCR, and collagens I and IV were detected by immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Concentrations of SP and LTB₄ were significantly higher, but those of VIP were significantly lower in the experimental group than those in the control group. The expression of BLT2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group. The expression of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅳ was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In metritis, SP promotes the activation of MC and the synthesis and release of LTB₄. Leukotriene B₄ chemotactic immune cells promote the high expression of collagenase, which accelerated the hydrolysis of collagen, while the inhibitory effect of VIP on MC was weakened. This may further aggravate the damage to uterine tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/7f/jvetres-67-099.PMC10062042.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9241866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosstalk between Apoptosis and Cytotoxic Lymphocytes (CTLs) in the Course of <i>Lagovirus Europaeus</i> GI.1a Infection in Rabbits.","authors":"Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej,&nbsp;Wiesław Deptuła","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Lagovirus europaeus</i> is a single-stranded RNA virus causing an acute fatal disease in wild and domestic rabbits around the world. Studies have shown that the pivotal process impacting the immune response against the disease is apoptosis, registered mainly in hepatocytes and in peripheral blood, together with an increased number of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs). It is known that cytotoxic lymphocytes can induce target cells to undergo apoptosis on the pseudoreceptor pathway, such apoptosis having been found in several acute and chronic viral infections. The study aimed to assess the crosstalk between the apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes (as CTLs) in rabbits infected with 6 <i>Lagovirus europaeus</i> GI.1a viruses.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Sixty rabbits of Polish hybrid breed comprising both sexes and weighing 3.2-4.2 kg were the experimental group, and an identical group was the control. Each of the six GI.1a <i>Lagovirus europaeus</i> viruses was inoculated into ten experimental rabbits. Control rabbits received glycerol as a placebo. Flow cytometric analysis was performed on blood from the study and control group animals for peripheral blood lymphocyte apoptosis and CTL percentage determination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The activation of apoptosis in peripheral blood lymphocytes was recorded from 4 h post inoculation (p.i.) up to 36 h p.i. The percentage of CTLs in the total blood pool decreased from 8 to 36 h p.i. A negative correlation between apoptosis of lymphocytes and the number of CTLs was proven.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This may be the first evidence of virus-induced CTL apoptosis in <i>Lagovirus europaeus</i> GI.1a infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/91/84/jvetres-67-041.PMC10062044.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9596484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Various Diagnostic Techniques for the Detection of <i>Blastocystis</i> Spp. and its Molecular Characterisation in Farm Animals in the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Ali ElBakri,&nbsp;Gayathri A Kanu,&nbsp;Dana Salahat,&nbsp;Nabila Hussein,&nbsp;Zeinab Ibrahim,&nbsp;Hayder Hasan,&nbsp;Raed AbuOdeh","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Blastocystis</i> spp. is a common anaerobic intestinal parasite infecting humans and a diverse range of animals. The aim of the study was to compare different diagnostic methods for the detection of <i>Blastocystis</i> and survey the occurrence of its subtypes in farm animals, namely sheep, cows and camels, in Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ninety-seven faecal samples comprised of 69 from sheep, 12 from cows and 16 from camels were submitted to DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing. <i>Blastocystis</i> was screened for microscopically in 65 samples using direct wet-mount, modified acid-fast staining, trichrome staining and <i>in vitro</i> culture techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen (15.5%) samples were positive by PCR, twelve of which were confirmed by sequencing. Using PCR as a comparison standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the direct wet-mount, modified acid-fast staining, trichrome staining and <i>in vitro</i> culture methods were 40.0% and 78.3%, 40.0% and 83.3%, 80.0% and 80.0%, and 80.0% and 76.7% respectively. Only culture and trichrome tests were significantly associated with PCR (odds ratio (OR) = 13.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35-127.4; P = 0.007 and OR = 16; 95% CI: 1.63-156.5; P = 0.003, respectively) with trichrome detecting more positive cases than <i>in vitro</i> culture. The subtype (ST)10 was the only one found in all 12 sequenced sheep isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study corroborated previous data indicating that sheep are the natural hosts for ST10. No zoonotic subtypes nor mixed-subtype colonisation were found. The report also confirmed the superiority of trichrome staining in detecting <i>Blastocystis</i> spp.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/01/37/jvetres-67-093.PMC10062046.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9596485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}