Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Earwax cortisol in bovines: biological and seasonal influences.","authors":"Mohammad Ataallahi, Geun-Woo Park, Dong-Woo Kim, Kyu-Hyun Park","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate stress assessment in animals requires reliable biomarkers, yet the impact of intrinsic (sex and age) and extrinsic (seasonal) factors on earwax cortisol concentrations (ECCs) has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, the effects of sex, age and seasonal climate on ECC were investigated in Hanwoo cattle (<i>Bos taurus coreanae</i>).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Monthly earwax samples were collected from the left ear canal of 22 individual cattle. These comprised 7 males and 15 females as a cohort of 19 animals in March 2022 with 3 additional calves recruited through the study period up to August 2022. Their overall mean age was 32.7 ± 19.6 months. Earwax cortisol was extracted using methanol and quantified by a validated enzyme immunoassay. Based on the temperature-humidity index (THI), conditions were classified as cold stress (THI < 38), no stress (THI 38-72) or heat stress (THI > 72). Months were grouped into cool and warm seasons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Earwax cortisol concentrations were higher in females than males (30.3 <i>vs</i> 20.6 pg/mg; P-value = 0.0015) and differed by THI category (P-value = 0.0074), peaking in females when the THI was 77 (July). Females older than 25 months had higher ECC than age-matched males (31.4 <i>vs</i> 15.4 pg/mg; P-value = 0.0036). Season alone did not affect ECC (P-value = 0.4943), although females maintained higher ECCs than males in the cool season (P-value = 0.0350). In females, the ECC was positively associated with age (β = 0.113 pg/mg/month by linear regression; P-value = 0.0121), but not in males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sex is the primary influence on ECC, age and environmental conditions being lesser ones. Both intrinsic biological and extrinsic environmental factors should be considered when interpreting chronic stress in bovines.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"475-483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in tracheal wash samples from horses with equine asthma in Poland.","authors":"Natalia Siwińska, Dorota Długopolska, Agnieszka Żak-Bochenek, Marzena Paszkowska, Paweł Rudzki, Ewa Kumiega, Anna Bogucka","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Equine asthma (EA) is a chronic inflammatory lower-airway disease. Bacterial growth from tracheal wash (TW) may occur in samples from horses with EA, but may represent colonisation rather than active infection. This study described cultivable bacterial isolates recovered from TW samples from horses with EA in Poland and assessed their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and association with month/season of sampling and airway neutrophil percentage.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In total, 165 adult horses diagnosed with EA according to American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine-based criteria underwent endoscopy, TW sampling with a double-guarded catheter and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology. The samples were cultured conventionally and their bacterial content identified with MALDI-TOF MS; bacteria were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Associations between culture results and categorical variables were analysed using chi-squared/Fisher-type tests with Monte Carlo simulation where appropriate; effect size was reported as Cramer's V.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Culture results were positive in 117/165 horses' samples (70.9%), and bacteria were isolated from 116/165 (70.3%). The most frequently recovered bacteria were <i>Streptococcus equi</i> subsp. <i>zooepidemicus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. Culture positivity was not associated with month or season of sampling, whereas analysis of bacterial genus by month suggested a modest association (χ² = 100.72, degrees of freedom = 77, P-value = 0.036; Cramer's V = 0.305). No clear association was observed with airway neutrophil percentage. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns varied by organism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cultivable bacteria are frequently recovered from TW samples of horses with EA. Positive culture results should not be interpreted as evidence of bacterial infection without supporting clinical and cytological findings. Antimicrobial treatment, when clinically justified, should be guided by culture and susceptibility testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"415-424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different delivery forms of the novel <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain 87Y on redox status and liver function in peri-weaning piglets.","authors":"Anna Czech, Łukasz Wlazło, Marcin Łukaszewicz, Agnieszka Lewińska, Wojciech Łopuszyński, Bożena Nowakowicz-Dębek","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0051","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Weaning is a critical stage in piglet rearing, and dietary strategies are needed to support metabolic balance and oxidative resilience during the peri-weaning period.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 384 Yorkshire × Danish Landrace piglets at 28 days old were allocated to four groups: positive controls with feed additives including ZnO (PC), negative controls without additives (NC), NC + 8% fermented rapeseed meal (FR) and NC + 0.1% <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 87Y (BS). Blood was collected from 24 males (one per replicate) for redox and biochemical analyses, and liver and small intestine samples were collected <i>post mortem</i> for oxidative marker assessment and histopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with NC, FR and BS supplementation increased antioxidant defence (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione) and reduced lipid peroxidation markers (malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxides) in plasma and tissues; changes were accompanied by favourable shifts in selected lipid metabolism indices and liver enzyme activities. The pure probiotic form of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> was not inferior to the fermented matrix and, for selected parameters, produced an effect stronger than that observed in the PC diet.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 87Y improved redox status and supported liver function in peri-weaning piglets, with efficacy largely independent of the delivery form, indicating potential as a feed additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"405-414"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13665696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative strategies on accelerating skin wound healing in dogs using chitosan-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles delivered by two different routes.","authors":"Marwa H Hamdy, Eman I Hassanen, Marwa A Ibrahim, Neven H Hassan, Sherif H Elmosalamy, Khaled Y Farroh, Mohamed M Bahr","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have shown promise for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative capabilities. Chitosan-coated metal-oxide NPs have higher solubility and bioactivity than uncoated ones, making them an effective biomaterial for medical uses. This study aimed to exploit the complimentary features of chitosan-coated ZnO NPs (CS/ZnO NPs) to overcome existing limits in wound care treatments. It delivered the nanoparticles by two key routes: subcutaneous (s/c) injection and topical (T) application.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fifteen dogs were divided into three groups (n = 5) as follows: a control group, a group treated with s/c injection of CS/ZnO NPs (25 ppm) once a week for two weeks and a group treated by daily T application of CS/ZnO NPs (25 ppm) for two weeks. Wounds were monitored grossly and microscopically at 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 d post treatment. Blood was drawn before the first and after the last treatment for liver and kidney function biomarker and blood morphology evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of CS/ZnO NPs either s/c or T accelerated wound closure without affecting liver or kidney function, but the s/c route caused a significant deterioration in HGB, HCT, RBC, WBC and PLT counts compared with the T route. Microscopic examination revealed improved epithelialisation, decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, greater collagen deposition and superior tissue organisation in wounds treated with CS/ZnO NPs over time, confirmed by increasing vascular endothelial growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin immunoexpression. The nanoparticles also boosted the transcript levels of the <i>VEGFA</i> (vascular endothelial growth factor A) and <i>TNFα</i> genes at all time points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the benefits of nanotechnology in wound care and emphasises the need for additional research to enhance nanoparticle formulations for therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"493-507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Polish honey.","authors":"Ewelina Kowalczyk","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are among the most widespread naturally occurring toxins. Since they are primarily produced by flowering plants, there is a high likelihood of their transfer into honey. Given the toxic properties of PAs, their presence in honey can significantly compromise the safety of the product. Therefore, monitoring the occurrence of PAs in honey is essential.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 65 honey samples collected in Poland were analysed for the presence of 42 PAs. The samples included multifloral, acacia, rapeseed and forest honeys. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were quantified using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quantifiable amounts of PAs were detected in 10 of the honey samples. At least one of the monitored PAs was present in 39 samples, although most were below the method's limit of quantification. The highest concentration observed was 46.9 μg/kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A newly validated LC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to determine PAs in honey from Poland. Most of the analysed samples were free of the monitored PAs, confirming the general safety of Polish honey.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"463-474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of <i>Serratia marcescens</i> in bovine intramammary infections: identification and antimicrobial susceptibility in a dairy herd.","authors":"Małgorzata Targońska-Karasek, Wojciech Ospałek, Henryk Krukowski","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mastitis is one of the most economically significant diseases in dairy cattle, and its causation by atypical environmental pathogens is gaining attention. The study investigated the involvement of <i>Serratia marcescens</i> in intramammary infections occurring in a dairy herd and evaluated the bacterium's antimicrobial resistance profile.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Between February 2024 and June 2025, 481 quarter-milk samples collected from cows on a dairy farm in eastern Poland were subjected to routine bacteriological examination. Isolates were identified by biochemical, proteomic and molecular methods and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by automated biochemical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Serratia marcescens</i> was isolated from the milk samples of 10 cows during different sampling periods. All isolates were consistently identified as <i>S. marcescens</i>, confirming the reliability of the applied comprehensive approach. Molecular analyses demonstrated high sequence similarity with reference strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed uniform resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, colistin and tigecycline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Serratia marcescens</i> should be considered a relevant opportunistic pathogen in dairies, capable of causing sporadic or epidemic mastitis episodes. The findings are consistent with previous reports linking <i>S. marcescens</i> mastitis to environmental reservoirs and milking equipment contamination. Comprehensive diagnostic strategies, strict hygiene practices and targeted herd management measures are important to prevent and control mastitis caused by uncommon environmental pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"397-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First detection and phylogenetic analysis of porcine parainfluenza virus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in swine reared on commercial farms in Serbia.","authors":"Jelena Maksimović Zorić, Jelena Maletić, Dimitrije Glišić, Vladimir Radosavljević, Nemanja Zdravković, Nemanja Jezdimirović, Branislav Kureljušić","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV1) and swine orthopneumovirus (SOV) are recently discovered respiratory viruses of swine. Data on their geographic distribution and genetic diversity are scarce. This study investigated the presence of these viruses in diseased pigs on commercial farms in Serbia and also the phylogenetic characteristics of the detected strains.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 131 samples were collected during passive surveillance of swine influenza in pigs from 10 commercial farms. All samples were screened by real-time RT-PCR for swine influenza A virus (SIV) and PPIV1, and 77 of them were tested for SOV. Positive samples were further subjected to conventional RT-PCR targeting the PPIV1 <i>F</i> and SOV <i>G</i> genes, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Farm-level prevalence was 60% for SIV, 50% for PPIV1 and 10% for SOV. Overall, 27 samples were positive for SIV, 18 for PPIV1 and 2 for SOV. Co-circulation of two viruses was evident on four farms, and on one farm, all the tested viruses were detected. Phylogenetically, three Serbian PPIV1 strains clustered together with European and Asian strains, and SOV strains grouped with swine, murine and canine pneumoviruses, confirming their close evolutionary relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first evidence of PPIV1 and SOV circulation on pig farms in Serbia. Even established phylogenetic patterns are consistent with those reported in Europe, expanded surveillance is needed to better define the prevalence and genetic diversity of these emerging respiratory viruses in Serbian pig populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"353-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of cannabidiol against nephrotoxicity of ionophore coccidiostats in HEK-293 cells.","authors":"Oliwia Maria Kończak, Joanna Zeyland, Lidia Radko","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Veterinary drug residues in the environment threaten public health and animal welfare. Ionophore coccidiostats (lasalocid (LAS), monensin (MON) and narasin (NAR)) are commonly used in animal production. Overdosing, errors in feed mixing or interactions with other drugs can cause nephrotoxicity in animals, which has also been observed in poisoned humans. The toxic effects of veterinary drugs may be mitigated by cannabidiol (CBD), known to be antioxidant and cytoprotective and expected to have a protective effect on kidney cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CBD on cytotoxicity induced by ionophore coccidiostats in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Cells were exposed to LAS, MON and NAR, either alone or in combination with CBD. Cytotoxicity was assessed using mitochondrial activity, lysosomal activity, total protein content and membrane integrity assays. The action of combination of CBD and the coccidiostats was determined using interaction analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ionophores induced cytotoxicity dose-dependently. Lasalocid was the most toxic, significantly impairing mitochondrial function and membrane integrity at 1 µg/mL. Co-treatment with CBD significantly attenuated the drugs' toxic effects. Predominantly, antagonistic effects were revealed, indicating a protective effect of CBD. However, an additive effect was observed at high concentrations of the LAS-CBD combination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cannabidiol exerts a protective effect against coccidiostat nephrotoxicity in human renal cells. This finding suggests its modulation of cellular responses to ionophore-induced cytotoxicity, offering a basis for further <i>in vivo</i> studies on its potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"509-517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between forest and farmland: serological evidence of exposure to Aujeszky's disease virus, <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> and <i>Chlamydia</i> spp. in wild boars in Poland.","authors":"Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz, Krzysztof Niemczuk, Zbigniew Osiński, Anna Ziętek-Barszcz, Karolina Mizgier-Żuczek, Monika Szymańska-Czerwińska","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study assessed the seroprevalence of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> and <i>Chlamydia</i> spp. in wild boars in Poland.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 1,094 serum samples were tested. Antibodies against ADV were detected by ELISA, whereas <i>Chlamydia</i> spp. and <i>C. burnetii</i> were detected using the complement fixation test (CFT). For <i>C. burnetii</i>, phase I and phase II antibodies were assessed by CFT to differentiate between long-term and recent exposure. Multiple correspondence analysis was performed to evaluate associations between seropositivity, geographical origin and wild boar population density. Serological data were integrated with environmental factors, including African swine fever (ASF) occurrence, population density and forest cover, and were visualised spatially.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Antibodies against ADV were detected in 455 samples (41.6%), those against <i>Chlamydia</i> spp. in 70 (6.4%) and antibodies against phase-I <i>C. burnetii</i> in 37 (3.4%) and phase-II in 30 (2.7%). Associations were observed between antibody presence, geographical location, wild boar density, pathogen co-occurrence and ASF-related environmental variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Wild boars in Poland show serological evidence of exposure to ADV, <i>Chlamydia</i> spp. and <i>C. burnetii</i>, supporting their role as sentinels at the wildlife-livestock interface.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"379-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of copper deficiency in cows on immune system function in offspring: a study using lymphocyte immunophenotyping.","authors":"Beata Abramowicz, Łukasz Kurek, Urszula Lisiecka, Katarzyna Żarczyńska, Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2026-0040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Copper (Cu) deficiency is a common, often subclinical problem in dairy cattle herds that can adversely affect haematopoietic processes and immune function. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hypocupraemia in cows on selected haematological parameters and identify the immunophenotype of calf lymphocytes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included Holstein-Friesian cows and their calves aged two to six weeks, which were divided into two groups: a hypocupraemic group (17 cows and 17 calves) and a normocupraemic group (18 cows and 18 calves). Haematological and biochemical analyses were performed, and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4⁺, CD8⁺, CD21⁺ and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II⁺ were determined by flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cows with hypocupraemia exhibited reduced HGB and HCT values. Calves born to cows with Cu deficiency showed decreased erythrocyte indices, a reduced CD4⁺:CD8⁺ ratio and a lower percentage of CD21⁺ B lymphocytes and MHC class II⁺ lymphocytes, indicating impaired immune function. In these calves, the CD4⁺:CD8⁺ ratio was significantly lower compared to healthy cows and calves, suggesting an imbalance in T-lymphocyte subpopulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The obtained results indicate that even moderate copper deficiency in pregnant cows may negatively influence the haematological and immunological status of their offspring. These findings underline the necessity of systematic monitoring of copper status in dairy herds in order to prevent subclinical deficiencies and their long-term consequences for calf health and immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 3","pages":"455-462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}