Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> isolated from humans and pets - a comparison of drug resistance and risk factors associated with colonisation.","authors":"Marta Miszczak, Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal, Anna Wzorek, Paulina Prorok, Leszek Szenborn, Krzysztof Rypuła, Karolina Bierowiec","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0036","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Staphylococci commonly colonise the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals, the close contact between which may promote interspecies transmission of these microorganisms and determinants of drug resistance.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Material collected from animals (n = 274) and humans (n = 261) between 2019 and 2023 was studied. Samples were swabbed from six anatomical sites of each pet: the external ear canal, conjunctival sacs, nares, oral cavity, groin skin and anus. Swabs were taken from four places of each human: the vestibule of the nasal cavity, the throat near the tonsils, and the skin behind the auricle and in the elbow bend. The pets' owners and the human participants completed a questionnaire about the study subject and the subject's living environment to elucidate risk factors associated with staphylococci colonisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was 12.42% in cats and 8.85% in dogs, while <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> was isolated from 5.59% of cats and 58.41% of dogs. Of the people, 38.7% were carriers of <i>S. aureus</i> and 2.68% carriers of <i>S. pseudintermedius</i>. A total of 202 <i>S. aureus</i> strains and 165 <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> strains were analysed. Drug resistance was tested in disc diffusion and resistance genes were detected by PCR. The most frequent resistance of <i>S.aureus</i> was to ampicillin (62.4%), penicillin (61.4%) and erythromycin (29.2%), while <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> was mostly resistant to penicillin (71.5%), ampicillin (63.6%) and clindamycin and erythromycin (41.2% in both cases). Methicillin resistance was found in 4.5% of <i>S. aureus</i> and 12.1% of <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> isolates. The most common <i>S. aureus</i> resistance genes were <i>blaZ</i> (79.7%), <i>tet</i>[M] (53.1%) and <i>ermA</i> (29.7%) and the <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> pattern was of <i>blaZ</i> (84.2%), <i>tet</i>[M] (53.3%) and <i>ermB</i> (38.2%). Regarding risk factors, animals from non-commercial sources had 11-fold higher methicillin resistance than those from commercial breeders, dogs had 50-fold lower risk than humans, and recent antibiotic treatment also increased resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monitoring the epidemiology of strains and knowing the prevalence of resistant isolates can shape preventive programmes in both veterinary and human medicine, inform appropriate therapeutic decisions and combat the phenomenon of drug resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"199-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary study through lymphocyte immunophenotyping of the effects of different forms of phosphorus deficiency on dairy cattle blood haematological parameters and immune status.","authors":"Beata Abramowicz, Łukasz Kurek, Urszula Lisiecka, Katarzyna Żarczyńska","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0032","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study determined the effects of different forms of phosphorus deficiency on white blood cell parameters in cows during the periparturient period and on the cows' immune status.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Thirty-two Holstein-Friesian cows aged 3-6 years were divided into four equal groups (I - control group, II - cows with atypical hypophosphataemia, III - cows with post-parturient haemoglobinuria and clinical hypophosphataemia and IV - cows with periparturient recumbency and clinical hypophosphatemia). The experiment used antibodies against CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells (TCD4⁺ and TCD8⁺), CD21⁺ B cells (BCD21⁺) and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II). Immunophenotyping was performed by flow cytometry. The morphological examination determined the white and red blood cell and platelet counts, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration. Microscopy of manual smears was performed to ascertain the percentage of leukocytes which was each of the granulocyte, segmented granulocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TCD4⁺ lymphocyte subpopulation was larger in diseased cows and the largest in group IV animals. The TCD8⁺ lymphocyte subpopulation was smaller in hypophosphataemic Holstein-Friesians, and the smallest in group II. The CD4 : CD8 lymphocyte ratio in all diseased animals was higher than that in the control group, peaking in group II. Expression of MHC II protein was higher in affected than in healthy animals. The BCD21⁺ lymphocyte subpopulation was larger in diseased animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term (even minor) phosphorus deficiency in an atypical form affects bovine cellular immunity (CD4 :CD8 ratio). In formerly affected cows, infectious diseases are more likely, even after their inorganic phosphorus level has been restored. Despite the less marked symptoms in animals with atypical hypophosphataemia, such animals have increased susceptibility to infectious agents and greater disturbance in their immune parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"257-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of the isolation and molecular characterisation of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> in dairy cattle in Poland.","authors":"Henryk Krukowski, Andrzej Lisowski, Elżbieta Puacz, Witold Chabuz, Małgorzata Targońska-Karasek","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0035","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> is a catalase-negative, Gram-positive coccus that occurs in pairs and short chains. It is present throughout the world and a causative agent of bovine mastitis. However, prior to writing, no case of mastitis caused by this bacterium had been reported in Poland. The aim of this research was to investigate the presence of <i>L. garvieae</i> in milk samples from Polish cows with inflammation of the mammary gland.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 118 milk samples from 96 Holstein-Friesian cows were spread on blood agar plates for microbial analyses. Then analysis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, biochemical identification and antibiotic susceptibility evaluation in the VITEK 2 system and a PCR with primers compatible with 16S ribosomal RNA of <i>L. garvieae</i> were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The presence of three strains of <i>L. garvieae</i> was confirmed in milk samples. Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility showed the susceptibility of all isolates to moxifloxacin, erythromycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, vancomycin, tetracycline, tigecycline, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> had high resistance to benzylpenicillin, clindamycin and rifampicin. One of the isolated strains was additionally resistant to tetracycline and had different minimum inhibitory concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, <i>L. garvieae</i> had not been identified as an aetiological factor of mastitis in cows in Poland before, and the presented research is the first report.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"213-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected issues in the anatomy and physiology of the avian organ of vision and eye disorders in farmed poultry.","authors":"Andrzej Koncicki, Marta Pietruszyńska, Martyna Mieszczak, Joanna Stępniewska, Bartłomiej Tykałowski, Tomasz Stenzel","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0034","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this article was to review current knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the avian eye and ocular diseases in poultry. The avian visual organ consists of the eye and extraocular organs and, unlike the mammalian eye, is characterised by many structural and functional adaptations that enhance vision. Avian eyes do not have the same functions as mammalian eyes. Bird eyes have high sensory sensitivity and are capable of constellation recognition for star orientation and navigation; they may be regarded as the finest ocular organs in the animal kingdom. It is generally accepted that the considerable differences in the morphology and function of avian eyes are largely due to adaptations to specific activities and environmental conditions. Eye diseases are rarely diagnosed in poultry because, unlike livestock and pets, detailed ophthalmological examinations are not carried out on farmed birds. Nevertheless, poultry are frequently affected by ocular pathologies, including developmental abnormalities, infectious and non-infectious diseases, degenerative processes, tumours, injuries and pathological conditions of unknown aetiology. In poultry, ocular disease is often associated with respiratory and systemic disease. Ocular pathology in farmed birds has a complex aetiology and its incidence can be reduced by controlling the incubation parameters of hatching eggs, avoiding feeding errors in breeder flocks and rearing poultry under conditions that optimise welfare and comply with biosecurity standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"241-247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slaughter analysis, incidence of myopathy and breast muscle characteristics of broiler chickens fed crude fibre concentrate feeds.","authors":"Jakub Urban, Damian Bień, Arkadiusz Matuszewski, Patrycja Ciborowska, Anna Zalewska, Dorota Pietrzak, Marta Chmiel, Adriana Jaroszek, Lucas Elzie Graham, Monika Michalczuk","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0033","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigated the impact of adding crude fibre concentrate (CFC) to broiler chicken diets on slaughter results and breast muscle quality.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 990 male Ross 308 chicks were divided into control (C), experimental 1 (A1) and experimental 2 (A2) groups. Experimental diets contained CFC at different levels: A1 had 0.4% in the starter diet, 0.8% in the first grower diet, 0.8% in the second grower diet and 0.2% in the finisher diet, and A2 had 0.6%, 1.0%, 1.2% and 0.4% in the same diets. On day 42, 20 birds per group were slaughtered and dissected. Breast muscles were weighed and visually assessed for myopathic defects (white striping, wooden breast and \"spaghetti\" meat). The tissue was also analysed for residual myopathy incidence and associated physicochemical properties, namely drip loss, shear force, pH, water holding capacity, collagen content, colour parameters and basal chemical composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consumption of the CFC additive statistically significantly reduced (P-value ≤ 0.05) white striping defects and increased final live weight by 2.1% for birds in group A1 and by 3.3% in group A2. Group A1 carcasses also weighed 6.7% more and group A2 carcasses 4.1% more. Additionally, A1 carcasses yielded 1.5% more and A2 carcasses 0.8% more leg muscle, also statistically significantly greater yields than C carcasses (P-value ≤ 0.05). The slaughter yield of birds in group A1 was 3.3% higher (P-value ≤ 0.001) than that of birds in group C. The use of the CFC additive in the diets of both experimental groups had no adverse effect on the other analysed parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Crude fibre concentrate addition to the complete feed mixture is recommended for improving the results of the slaughter analysis and the visual quality of meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"233-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological survey and associated risk factors of Aujeszky's disease virus in wild boar from south and central Poland.","authors":"Anna Didkowska, Daniel Klich, Katarzyna Matusik, Ewelina Kwiecień, Wiktoria Tchórz, Mirosław Welz, Bartosz Skibniewski, Piotr Kwieciński, Michał Mierkiewicz, Krzysztof Anusz","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0031","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aujeszky's disease is caused by suid herpesvirus-1, also called Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV). The main reservoir host is the wild boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>). The last data about ADV seroprevalence in wild boar in Poland came from over 10 years ago. There is a gap in knowledge about the current epidemiological situation. Therefore, this study aimed to characterise ADV seroprevalence and risk factors in hunted wild boar in south and central Poland.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Between February and June 2024, blood samples were collected from 320 wild boar (143 females and 177 males). Total antibodies to ADV were detected by a commercial indirect ELISA kit. The results were statistically analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Antibodies against ADV were detected in serum samples from 103/320 animals (32.19%). The wild boars were more likely to be ADV seropositive with age, but the uncertainty of this prediction increased with age. Sex and location of animals did not influence ADV seroprevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that the wild boar is still an important ADV reservoir in Poland. Even though Poland has ADV-free status, the results indicate that the situation in wild boar should be monitored. There is the risk of spillover of ADV from wild boar to domestic pig herds, potentially interfering with the control programme in Poland. The ADV seroprevalence in wild boar population shows not only a risk of the virus' reintroduction into pig herds but also a potential threat to other domestic and wild mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"177-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of various filter paper and reagent systems for the preservation of Newcastle disease virus RNA samples.","authors":"Bajes Amjed Al Qaisieh, Mustafa Mohammed-Khair Ababneh, Mohammad Borhan F Al-Zghoul, Daoud Abed Alnaser Alghizzawi, Hebah Alaeddin Aboomer","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0030","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The transport of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) specimens, isolates or purified RNA is traditionally performed at ultra-low temperatures using dry ice to prevent degradation. However, this method is costly and requires specialised packaging and stringent shipping conditions. The aim of this study is to evaluate existing products' capacities to preserve NDV or its RNA under different conditions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards, RNASound cards, and RNAstable tubes were tested for their ability to preserve NDV RNA at ambient temperatures. Two controls - free RNA and free virus - were included for comparison. Preservation was evaluated at various storage conditions (-80°C, -20°C, 4°C, 25°C and 56°C) and incubation times (1, 7, 14, 28 and 35 d) using a reverse-transcription PCR, Sanger sequencing and ratiometric fluorometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All preservation methods performed effectively at lower temperatures. The FTA cards maintained consistent RNA integrity with Δ threshold cycles < 2 except at 56°C on days 14-35. RNASound preserved RNA stably but was inconsistent on day 35 at 56°C. RNAstable was effective at intermediate times but had allowed complete degradation by day 35. Free RNA degraded rapidly after day 1, while free virus initially remained stable but deteriorated over time. Sanger sequencing confirmed high-quality recovery, except for recovery of free RNA, which lacked long-term stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite challenges with prolonged storage and high temperatures, these methods demonstrated satisfactory performance. They offer viable alternatives to ultra-low temperature storage, enabling sample transport at ambient temperatures while preserving RNA integrity, and could be particularly useful in remote settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"183-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of alpha lipoic acid's protective effects against diclofenac-induced hepatorenal toxicity.","authors":"Hanan A Ogaly, Neven Hassan, Reham M Abd Elsalam, Shymaa El Badawy, Muhammad A Alsherbiny, Bardes Hassan, Fatimah A M Al-Zahrania, Gehan Othman, Chun Guang Li, Sherif H Elmosalamy","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0029","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The cellular and molecular pathways of α-lipoic acid's (ALA's) protective effect were assessed against diclofenac (DIC) hepatorenal injury <i>in vivo</i> and against a pro-inflammatory stimulus <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The injury was induced in 28 adult male Wistar rats weighing 130-160 g by a single intraperitoneal injection of DIC (50 mg per kg body weight (b.w.)) on the fifth day. Seven positive control rats had received no hepatorenally protective compounds. Oral 100 mg/kg b.w. doses of silymarin (SLY) were given to seven animals, 50 mg/kg b.w. doses of ALA to seven more and 100 mg/kg b.w. doses of it to another seven for five days before DIC insult. Seven negative control rats received only distilled water instead of protective compound and in the injection. The anti-inflammatory effect of ALA was also assayed in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the cells, ALA was antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in a dose-dependent manner, reducing nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species generation with half maximal concentrations of 7.8 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. Both ALA doses and SLY protected the hepatorenal tissues and improved kidney and hepatic functions compared to the organs of the positive control group. Additionally, ALA reduced oxidative stress biomarker levels in hepatic and renal tissues compared to the positive control rats. It also improved liver and kidney histology, where hepatic lesions were fewer, and protected renal architecture. Immunohistochemical analysis showed ALA to reduce caspase-3 expression, supporting its hepatorenal anti-apoptotic effect. Alpha lipoic acid markedly upregulated the hepatorenal messenger RNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf2</i>), haem oxygenase-1 and nicotinamide adenine (phosphate) reduced form : quinone oxidoreductase 1, suggesting that the Nrf2 signalling pathway was enhanced.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggested potential therapeutic benefits for ALA in mitigating DIC-induced hepatorenal toxicity through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and Nrf2-mediating effects. Future investigations are warranted to explore the synergistic interactions and multiomics mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"273-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection and characterisation of herpesviruses in asymptomatic Russian sturgeon (<i>Acipenser gueldenstaedtii</i>) from European aquaculture.","authors":"Sven Michael Bergmann, Matthias Todte, Lea Jäger, Fermin Georgio Lorenzen-Schmidt, Yeonwha Jin, Sandro Klafack, Matthias Lenk, Dewi Syahidah, Bernadetta Rina Hastilestari, Tanjung Penetaseputro, Jean-Christophe Avare, Jeeyoun Hwang, Jolanta Kiełpińska","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0028","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In Germany, around 150,000 kg of mostly Siberian sturgeon (<i>Acipenser baerii</i>), were produced in 2021. Sudden mortalities affected negative control Russian sturgeon in experimental infection of several European aquacultured fish species with tilapia lake virus (TiLV). An investigation sought the causative agent. In most of the sturgeon, a specific herpesvirus was detected which also occurred in the carp, crucian carp and tench subjects, but not in Nile tilapia. This herpesvirus was latent in the sturgeon population but became productive to cause the outbreak after three weeks of experimentation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Different European aquacultured fishes were experimented upon. Chosen PCRs, nested PCRs and re-amplifications were carried out to identify the causative agent of the mortality event. Sequence analysis of the obtained PCR fragment and <i>in-situ</i> hybridisation (ISH) using tissue sections of the experimental fishes were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PCRs used for detection of <i>Acipenser</i> herpesvirus (AciHV)-1 and -2 were always negative. An additional PCR assay with lesser specificity for AciHV found 118 of 123 sturgeon samples and some samples of cohabited cyprinids positive. The similarity of all isolates was 99.7%. The PCR results were confirmed by ISH using probes based on the same sequence, which detected identical viral sequences in both sturgeon and cyprinid samples. These findings revealed that a sterlet sequence previously deposited in the NCBI database had been incorrectly classified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It seems that different herpesviruses and/or a new subspecies of AciHV are widespread in European farmed sturgeon populations, which, at least for aquacultured fish, opens up the possibility of vaccination against the disease which they cause. Additionally, a more specific diagnostic PCR has to be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i> in a black howler monkey (<i>Alouatta caraya</i>): a study with mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeats genetic profiling.","authors":"Anna Didkowska, Marta Majchrzak, Michał Załuski, Sylwia Brzezińska, Dawid Jańczak, Magdalena Nowak, Wiktoria Tchórz, Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć, Katarzyna Matusik, Paweł Parniewski","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0027","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2025-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Over the past three decades, emerging epidemiological evidence has shown the increasing incidence and prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). As a result, clinical awareness of the impact these organisms have on both human and animal health has grown.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Two captive black howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta caraya</i>) were experiencing recurrent diarrhoea. Their faecal samples were processed by suspension, decontamination and culture to propagate <i>Mycobacterium</i>. Immunochromatography and molecular studies were undertaken to detect parasites. The antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates was tested using broth microdilution. Additionally, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) typing was performed to assess the <i>Mycobacterium</i> pattern.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i> was identified and noted to have a novel MIRU-VNTR pattern (22221229). No parasites were detected by immunochromatography, but <i>Giardia intestinalis</i> was identified by PCR. This marks the first documented case of co-infection with <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i> and <i>Giardia intestinalis</i> in a black howler monkey.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collecting clinical isolates from infected animals is vital for comparing them with other isolates, including those from the environment, and for re-evaluating their potential as pathogens. Our study is significant within the context of veterinary disease control and the One Health approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"69 2","pages":"191-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}