Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Development and physicochemical evaluation of a gelatine-based hydrogel tube for potential use in veterinary glaucoma implants.","authors":"Piotr Szatkowski, Martyna Fröhlich, Oliwia Grałek, Magdalena Tabor, Edyta Molik, Zuzanna Flis","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0015","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Glaucoma is an eye disease in dogs and cats that increases intraocular pressure. There is no treatment method that is effective, safe and economical; however, scaffold drainage systems and hydrogels offer new therapeutic possibilities. The aim of this research was to develop a hydrogel implant for ophthalmic applications.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Solutions at 5%, 10% and 15% concentrations of food-grade porcine gelatine and 15% and 16% concentrations of chemically purified gelatine with 19, 20, 21 mL or 25 mL of 2.5% glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent per 10 mL of distilled water were candidate formulations for the hydrogel. Visual and tactile assessments were made to choose the best candidate. The implant was a thin tube with an aluminium core and a Teflon foil mould. Curing was by immersion in ethanol. Ionic conductivity and compressive strength tests were performed on cylinder-shaped samples of the hydrogel. The best candidate hydrogel was tested calorimetrically for water content and its microstructure was examined for fluid transport capacity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analyses confirmed the beneficial effect of alcohol on the structure. Hydrogels cured in ethanol were stiffer and more homogeneous and stable than those which were not, and the latter were eliminated. A hydrogel made with 1.8 g of 15% gelatine concentration, 19 mL of glutaraldehyde and 10 mL of distilled water was characterised by the highest resistance to standard compressive force. The highest ionic conductivity was obtained for the same sample. Thermal analysis showed that hydrogels stored in water contained significantly more weakly bound water (~0.53 g), whereas ethanol-conditioned hydrogels contained substantially less (~0.14 g), indicating a reduced water uptake and altered hydration profile due to alcohol conditioning. A hydrogel material based on gelatine crosslinked with glutaraldehyde was developed, from which a thin, small-diameter tube implant was made.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These studies have shown that the implant could potentially provide a solution for minimally invasive glaucoma treatment in small animals, but the testing phase must be continued.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"157-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylation and expression dynamics in broiler liver following <i>in-ovo</i> sodium butyrate administration.","authors":"Aleksandra Beldowska, Elżbieta Pietrzak, Aleksandra Dunisławska","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0013","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Butyrate is one of the three main short-chain fatty acids, and it provides energy, controls the state of the intestinal microbiota and mediates the immune response. Sodium butyrate supplementation improves poultry production and changes the intestinal microbiota dynamically. These changes may affect the liver directly and indirectly through pathways in the gut-liver axis, the bidirectional relationship between the liver and intestines. The study analysed gene expression and methylation in the broiler liver after <i>in-ovo</i> stimulation by sodium butyrate.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Incubated Ross 308 broiler eggs were injected on day 12 with saline as the control group or with sodium butyrate as SB groups at three doses: 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%. Chicks' livers were collected postmortem on day 42 of rearing for RNA and DNA extraction. Gene expression was analysed by reverse-transcription qPCR, and gene methylation by methylation-specific qPCR for a panel of lipid metabolism and immune regulation genes comprising <i>ANGPTL4, CD72, CXCR5, CYR61, IKZF1, KLHL6, NR4A3, SERPING, SYK</i> and <i>TNFRSF14</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sodium butyrate stimulation changed gene expression levels. Upregulation was noted of <i>ANGPTL4</i> and <i>NR4A3</i> in the 0.1% and 0.3% SB groups and downregulation of <i>CYR61</i> in the 0.5% SB group. The gene-specific DNA methylation also significantly changed under the influence of the sodium butyrate doses for <i>ANGPTL4, CXCR5</i> and <i>KLHL6</i>. The level of global methylation did not change significantly, but did decrease with increasing butyrate dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The obtained results suggest that sodium butyrate affected both gene expression and methylation in the liver, indicating its potential epigenetic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"109-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected inflammatory markers in uterine and peripheral blood of bitches with pyometra.","authors":"Kinga Domrazek, Szymon Kanafa, Magdalena Krzeszewska Zachary, Roman Dąbrowski, Lourdes Soler, Piotr Jurka","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0014","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pyometra is a common and potentially life-threatening uterine infection in bitches, with severe local and systemic inflammation as symptoms. Studies exist on inflammatory markers in peripheral blood (PB), but little is known about their expression in uterine blood (UB). This study aimed to compare their concentrations simultaneously in UB and PB of bitches with pyometra, and to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic potential.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty-two bitches with confirmed pyometra (13 closed-cervix and 9 open-cervix cases) and six healthy controls were enrolled. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic and uterine veins during ovariohysterectomy. The concentrations of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured using an ELISA validated for dogs, and C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by an immunoturbidimetric assay. These five inflammatory markers were compared statistically between the three groups of dogs and two types of blood sample using the Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All markers were significantly elevated in affected bitches' UB and PB. The IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in UB than in PB, suggesting local production of this cytokine. Conversely, the IL-10 levels were higher in PB, possibly reflecting a systemic regulatory response. The concentrations of IL-1α and IL-1β differed insignificantly from each other. Those of CRP were significantly higher in open-cervix than in closed-cervix pyometra, indicating a stronger acute-phase response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results assign IL-6 and CRP a potential role as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of pyometra. Simultaneous analysis of uterine and systemic inflammatory responses provides insight into the disease's pathophysiology and may support more targeted therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"129-137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between kisspeptin-10, neurokinin B and dynorphin A in the course of normal and delayed puberty in ewes.","authors":"Natalia Szysiak, Urszula Kosior-Korzecka, Monika Greguła-Kania, Krzysztof Patkowski, Mateusz Fila, Andrzej Junkuszew","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0010","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Kisspeptin (KiSS), neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin A (Dyn A) participate in the neuroendocrine regulation of reproductive system development and functioning; however, their roles in the onset of sexual maturity and pathomechanism of delayed puberty have not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to determine changes in the kisspeptin-10 (KiSS-10), NKB and Dyn A concentration in blood plasma collected from ewe lambs during puberty in relation to the first ovulation time, and to examine the relationship between these neuropeptides.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty-four ewe lambs were divided into two groups: from single (S) pregnancies and from twin (T) pregnancies. To determine the KiSS-10, NKB and Dyn A concentration with ELISA, blood was collected from all sheep at 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 months of age. Singletons and twins had their first ovulations at 8 and 10 months of age, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Changes in the KiSS-10 and NKB concentrations were positively correlated with age in both S (r = 0.86) and T ewes (r = 0.89). A negative correlation was found between KiSS-10 and Dyn A (r = -0.55 and -0.98, for S and T, respectively) and between NKB and Dyn A (r = -0.89 and -0.94, for S and T, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The initiation of ovarian activity is associated with concurrent increases in plasma KiSS-10 and NKB concentrations with age and reduced Dyn A concentrations in both groups. Our results show that these neuropeptides may regulate the timing of reproductive activity onset in sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helminth parasites infecting feral pigeons <i>(Columba livia)</i> in Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Yassir Sulieman, Nighat Perveen, Mohammad Ali Al-Deeb, Theerakamol Pengsakul","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0009","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Columba livia</i>, the common pigeon, is the most abundant free-ranging avian species in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Despite the pigeon's ecological prominence, data on helminth parasites infecting this host remain undocumented in the region. This investigation examined helminth infections in both wild and domestic pigeon populations in the city of Al Ain to establish baseline parasitological records.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey conducted between August 2023 and October 2024 analysed 100 adult pigeons obtained through trapping and local market acquisition. The helminth parasites recovered were morphologically identified, and parasitological indicators were determined including infection prevalence and intensity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Helminths were detected in 69% of examined birds, with a mean infection intensity of 6.4 parasites per host. Seven helminth species were identified: three cestodes (<i>Raillietina echinobothrida, Raillietina tetragona</i> and <i>Cotugnia digonopora</i>), three nematodes (<i>Ascaridia galli, Dispharagus nasutus</i> and <i>Gongylonema</i> sp.), and one trematode (<i>Brachylaima</i> sp.). <i>Raillietina echinobothrida</i> (57%) and <i>C. digonopora</i> (21%) were the most prevalent. Key epidemiological findings showed male pigeons had significantly higher infection intensity (5.1 <i>vs</i> 3.5 parasites/bird) than females, though prevalence differences were not significant (71.4% <i>vs</i> 65.9%). Crucially, feral pigeons exhibited a dramatically higher infection prevalence (92%) than domestic pigeons (46%). However, infection intensity differences between feral (2.7) and domestic (2.3) birds were not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As the first helminthological assessment of UAE pigeons, this study documents seven new regional parasite records and underscores the need for continued surveillance to assess potential zoonotic and ecological risks in urban ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical cases of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infections in parrots, canaries and pigeons confirmed by molecular and immunochromatographic methods.","authors":"Dawid Jańczak, Aleksandra Kornelia Maj, Piotr Górecki, Olga Szaluś-Jordanow, Anna Golke","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0008","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. is a protozoan parasite capable of infecting all vertebrates worldwide. Infections are typically associated with diarrhoea, although cryptosporidiosis can also involve the respiratory tract. Birds are particularly susceptible to the clinical consequences of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection, which most commonly include diarrhoea, vomiting, regurgitation, crop inflammation, enterocolitis and poor feather and skin condition.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this study, faecal samples from 52 parrots, 3 canaries and 8 fancy pigeons were examined for the presence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> antigen and DNA. One immunochromatographic assay and two amplification methods targeting the 18S rRNA gene fragment were employed (a genus-specific nested PCR and a one-tube nested real-time PCR), and the resulting PCR products were sequenced.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Cryptosporidium proventriculi</i> was identified in 15 parrots, while <i>C. meleagridis</i> was detected in 1 parrot and 5 pigeons. No mixed infections were reported. The immunochromatographic test sensitivity and specificity were calculated to be 66.7% and 88.1%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the high prevalence and diversity of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in pet birds, molecular diagnostics are essential for accurate identification and appropriate clinical management. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study in Poland aimed at detecting <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infections in pet birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"91-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloramine T in pikeperch (<i>Sander lucioperca</i>) aquaculture. Safeguard or hidden threat? Evaluating its effect on fish growth, immune response and liver function.","authors":"Patrycja Schulz, Elżbieta Terech-Majewska, Maciej Rożyński, Karolina Duk, Joanna Pajdak-Czaus, Andrzej Krzysztof Siwicki, Zdzisław Zakęś","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0006","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chloramine T (CLT) is utilised in aquaculture for its disinfectant and antiseptic properties, yet its physiological effects on fish health remain underexplored, particularly in emerging species like pikeperch (<i>Sander lucioperca</i>). This study assessed the impact of CLT exposure on growth performance, immune response and liver function in pikeperch reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 270 fish were assigned to a control group (C), a single-bath group (10 mg L^-1, day 0; CLT1) and a three-bath group (10 mg L^-1 on days 0, 7 and 14; CLT3). Fish were reared in independent RAS units under stable physicochemical conditions. Growth performance was monitored, and blood and tissue were sampled. Liver enzyme (ALT, AST and alkaline phosphatase), serum lysozyme and ceruloplasmin activities, phagocyte function, lymphocyte proliferation and liver histopathology were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Growth parameters and condition factor (ratio of body weight to the cube of body length) remained stable across all groups, and no mortality was observed. Liver enzyme activities showed no significant alterations; however, inflammatory changes were noted in the liver in the CLT3 group. Serum lysozyme activity increased after the initial exposure, indicating an acute immune response. In contrast, repeated exposure reduced respiratory burst and phagocyte killing activity, suggesting immunosuppression; however, CLT3-group T and B lymphocytes proliferated more as a reaction to inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While CLT at 10 mg L^-1 is indicated to be generally safe for pikeperch under controlled RAS conditions, repeated exposures may induce mild hepatic inflammation and temporary immune modulation. This study offers insights into optimising the use of CLT in aquaculture to ensure efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> in selected locations in Poland: genetic diversity, prevalence and epidemiological patterns in roe deer <i>(Capreolus capreolus)</i> and moose <i>(Alces alces)</i>.","authors":"Anna Maria Pyziel, Joanna Banasiewicz, Katarzyna Filip-Hutsch, Kateryna Slivinska, Marta Kloch, Marcin Świątek, Olena Zhytova, Michalina Gmaj, Daniel Klich","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0007","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Taenia hydatigena</i> is a widespread tapeworm. The predilection site of the adult form is the small intestine of its carnivore definitive hosts, and this site of the larval form, <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i>, is the abdominal visceral organs of its ungulate intermediate hosts. Cysticercal lesions are of food safety and economic importance, as they may condemn carcasses or internal organs of slaughtered animals and hunted game. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, intensity of infection and species composition of metacestodes from Polish roe deer and moose, and analyse the genetic diversity of the isolates.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Altogether, 167 roe deer (from the Mazowieckie and Łódzkie voivodeships) and 36 moose (from the Mazowieckie, Lubelskie and Podlaskie voivodeships) were studied. Metacestodes were collected post mortem and used for molecular investigations based on the partial <i>cox</i>1 (cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit 1) gene.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence and the general intensity of infection were 9.6% and 1-6 cysts for roe deer, and 8.3% and 1-9 cysts for moose. Exclusively <i>T. hydatigena</i> infections were noted. Intraspecific genetic diversity of 1.42% was observed. The omentum and the mesentery were the most prevalent locations of metacestodes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Taenia hydatigena</i> isolates from roe deer and moose varied genetically. Assuming national prevalence at the level observed in this study, the number of infected roe deer in Poland could exceed 18,000. Although <i>T. hydatigena</i> is not a zoonotic agent, its spread should be monitored and limited. Dogs should not be fed raw game meat in order to prevent parasitosis from spreading to farm animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"81-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the virulence potential, ability to form biofilms and susceptibility to bacteriocins of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strains isolated from livestock and wildlife.","authors":"Aleksandra Trościańczyk, Aneta Nowakiewicz, Andrea Lauková, Marcelina Osińska, Agata Hahaj-Siembida","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0005","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aims of the study were to analyse the ability of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolated from livestock and wildlife to produce biofilm, the presence of virulence genes and their distribution of within individual sequence types among these strains, and to assess the activity of bacteriocins isolated from <i>Enterococcus</i> and <i>Lactococcus</i> spp. against methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Biofilm formation was assessed using the crystal violet assay. The occurrence of 29 virulence genes was examined by PCR. The analysis of the activity of 13 bacteriocins was carried out using the agar spot test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the <i>S. aureus</i> strains had the ability to form biofilm. Nineteen virulence genes were detected, the most abundant of which were <i>icaA, icaR, clfA</i> and <i>eno</i> (all 100%), <i>icaD</i> (99%), <i>icaB</i> (85%), <i>fnbpA</i> (93%), <i>cidA</i> (87%), <i>ebps</i> (83%), <i>sdrC</i> (77%) and <i>sdrE</i> (76%). Correlations between the occurrence of <i>clfB</i> and <i>fib</i> and strong biofilm formation as well as between the occurrence of S<i>eC, hla, hlb</i> and <i>fnbpB</i> and methicillin resistance were observed (P-value < 0.05). A high degree of heterogeneity in virulence profiles was observed in a host-dependent pattern. Among MRSA belonging mainly to sequence type 398, virulence profiles XII and XIII dominated, including several of the noted genes. The bacteriocins produced by <i>L. lactis, E. asini</i> and <i>E. saccharolyticus</i> had a growth-inhibiting effect on MRSA, nisin having the highest activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of several virulence genes in the same <i>S. aureus</i> strain with demonstrable drug resistance and its ability to form biofilms indicate livestock and wildlife as potential reservoirs of pathogens dangerous to public health. The activity of some bacteriocins against MRSA could offer a promising alternative to antibiotic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"21-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterisation of viral pathogens associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in dogs in Türkiye - preliminary study.","authors":"Hatice Pelin Aslim, Rüveyde Gülbahçe, Irmak Dik, Hasan Sercan Palanci, Oya Bulut","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0003","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Canine viral infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in dogs worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the presence of canine adenovirus (CAdV), canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine herpesvirus (CHV) at the molecular level.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 68 paired nasal secretion and blood samples were obtained from 34 dogs, and 93 faecal samples were collected, each from a single dog. All sampled animals showed clinical signs of respiratory or gastrointestinal disorders. They came from five different provinces of Türkiye. The samples were tested by PCR and selected strains were sequenced.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While no CAdV was detected in the PCR analyses, CPV gene amplification was achieved in 60.2% (56/93) of the DNA extracted from faecal samples, CDV genes were amplified in 11.8% (4/34) of the genetic material extracted from nasal swabs, and CHV genes were amplified in 14.7% (5/34). One nasal swab sample showed a co-infection with CDV and CHV, but the corresponding blood sample did not. Phylogenetic analyses of the viral strains were conducted; among CPV strains, CPV-2b and CPV-2c variants were identified and found to share high genetic similarity with strains of Asian and African origin. The CDV strains were closely related to European strains, while the CHV strains exhibited genetic diversity and matched strains isolated worldwide. No statistically significant association was found between viral infections and the sex or age of the animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide insight into the molecular epidemiology of viral infections in dogs in Türkiye and reveal that local strains are phylogenetically closely related to globally circulating strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"9-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}