Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Novel SNPs in the leptin gene: implications for growth performance in cultured European sea bass <i>(Dicentrarchus labrax)</i>.","authors":"Emel Özcan Gökçek","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0021","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Leptin, a class I helical cytokine, regulates growth, appetite, energy homeostasis and reproductive functions in fish. The leptin gene (<i>lep</i>) is a candidate gene for growth trait influence in both farm animals and teleost fish.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This study investigated variations in the <i>lep</i> gene and their associations with growth-related traits in European sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>) using DNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the first and second introns and the third exon of the gene, including a non-synonymous third exon variant (g.11004767C>T) causing an arginine-to-tryptophan substitution. This locus was significantly associated with multiple growth traits, including total and fillet weights and standard, body and post-anal lengths (P-value < 0.05). Analysis revealed two haploblocks; block 1 having four haplotypes (GCG, GTG, ACA and GTA), with GTA associated with the highest total and fillet weights and body length measurements (P-value < 0.01). Block 2 comprised three haplotypes (AG, GG and AA), where AG carriers exhibited superior growth to GG and AA carriers (P-value < 0.01). <i>In silico</i> analysis of the non-synonymous third exon variant (g.11004767C>T) suggested its potential effects on local protein conformation and receptor binding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that <i>lep</i> gene polymorphisms, particularly the g.11004714G>A locus and specific haplotypes, are associated with growth variability in European sea bass. The identified SNPs and haplotypes may facilitate molecular marker-assisted selection in growth performance breeding programmes in economically important aquaculture species.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 2","pages":"293-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13334296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of duration of β-1,3/1,6-glucan administration with the effectiveness of immune stimulation in juvenile vimba bream <i>(Vimba vimba)</i>.","authors":"Barbara Kazuń, Krzysztof Kazuń, Joanna Małaczewska, Rafał Kaminski, Justyna Sikorska, Jacek Wolnicki","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0023","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine how the duration of administration of β-glucans derived from the yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> modifies cellular immunity in one-year-old leuciscids, specifically vimba bream (<i>Vimba vimba</i>).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The effects of two treatments were compared at three endpoints using a 2 × 3 factorial design, all groups in triplicate aquaria (n = 3). Kept in controlled recirculating aquaculture system conditions, three experimental groups were fed for two, four or eight weeks a commercial starter feed, and three other groups received the same feed supplemented with a commercial formulation of β-glucan polysaccharides from the cell wall of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yeast at 0.02%. Results for fish taking β-glucan were compared to the respective control groups of fish not given it.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-week administration of β-glucan in the diet resulted in significantly higher pinocytosis, respiratory burst activity and potential killing activity of head-kidney phagocytes in supplemented fish compared to phagocytic activities in fish not receiving β-glucan. However, in the groups receiving β-glucan for four and eight weeks, this activity was significantly lower than in the respective control groups. After eight weeks, T-lymphocyte activity was also lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under controlled recirculating aquaculture system conditions favourable for fish growth, the most beneficial effect of dietary β-glucan supplementation on vimba bream immune cells appears after two weeks. Extension of this period to four or eight weeks loses beneficial effects, and even significantly decreases some immune parameters. This finding is critical for animal nutrition, where glucans or their sources are increasingly used as permanent components of feed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 2","pages":"227-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13334302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Flashtest multiplex qPCR system for rapid pre-laboratory screening for African swine fever infection.","authors":"Marek Walczak, Łukasz Adaszek","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0022","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar. As no safe vaccine is currently available, prevention relies primarily on strict biosecurity measures. Early diagnosis is essential to reduce the risk of ASF spread. Among the available methods, qPCR is considered the gold standard and is recommended by the World Organisation for Animal Health. The Flashtest system is designed to perform the complete workflow, from genetic material extraction to qPCR analysis, enabling rapid (under 1 hour) and accurate detection of various animal diseases in veterinary practice.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this study, the Flashtest system was evaluated in ASF detection using blood samples collected during ASF outbreaks in 2025 in Poland and samples from experimentally infected pigs. Its performance was compared with a validated commercial qPCR assay employed by the National Reference Laboratory for ASF in Poland.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The system achieved up to 97% sensitivity, 100% specificity and reproducibility with a coefficient of variation below 3.5%. The limit of detection was estimated at 10³ TCID₅₀/mL, and a slightly reduced amplification efficiency was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that the Flashtest system reliably detects ASF in the majority of cases. Nevertheless, confirmatory testing is recommended for samples with low viral loads.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 2","pages":"185-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13334293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of feeding diets with ensiled maize grain on the production efficiency and meat characteristics of broiler ducks.","authors":"Bartosz Bigorowski, Sebastian Wlaźlak, Izabela Narloch, Szymon Różański","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0020","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alternative methods of duck feeding can be good solutions for reducing production costs on small farms. Ensiled corn grain is a good source of energy that can be used in the rearing of broiler ducks. This research investigated productivity effects and meat quality parameters in experimental broiler ducks provided this material as feed portions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Broiler ducks were divided into a control group (CON) and two experimental groups (CSMIX and CD+SG). In the CSMIX group, birds were fed a commercial diet mixed with ensiled corn grain in a ratio of 80:20. In the CD+SG group, the commercial diet was limited, and ensiled corn grain was <i>ad libitum</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest body weight and weight gain were found in the CSMIX group. A lower feed intake was found in the control and CD+SG group than in the CSMIX group throughout the rearing. A higher final feed conversion ratio characterised ducks from the experimental groups and a higher pectoral muscle and total muscle weight than the CD+SG group was noted in carcasses of ducks from the CON group. In the pectoral and leg muscles of the CON and CSMIX groups, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher than in these muscles of the CD+SG group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Duck feeding with ensiled corn grain (80:20) could be a feeding strategy for small farms because it yields favourable growth parameters, carcass composition and high polyunsaturated fatty acid content in meat, and reduces feed costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 2","pages":"279-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13334305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Golden jackals as hosts of zoonotic parasites: preliminary findings from southern Poland.","authors":"Katarzyna Bojarska, Katarzyna Kondratek, Aleksandra Leszczyńska, Karolina Sionek, Jennifer Hatlauf, Jacek Karamon, Małgorzata Samorek-Pieróg, Henryk Okarma, Stanisław Śnieżko, Anna Didkowska, Blanka Orłowska, Anna M Pyziel","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0018","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The golden jackal, Canis aureus, has been rapidly expanding its range across Europe, raising concerns regarding its impact on the health of wildlife, domestic animals and humans. The goal of this study was to examine the parasitological fauna of golden jackals that had recently colonised southern Poland.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The direct flotation method with centrifugation was used to search for parasite eggs, and a complex PCR and qPCR were run to detect the presence of tapeworms in nine faecal samples found by dogs and confirmed genetically, and in two samples taken from hunted individuals. The intestine contents of the hunted individuals were also examined using the sedimentation and counting technique. Camera traps were set to assess if the activity of golden jackals overlapped spatially with that of domestic animals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine out of eleven faecal samples contained eggs of the Toxocara and Trichuris genera and the Capillariidae and Ancylostomatidae families. Mesocestoides litteratus DNA was detected in three faecal samples and Taenia serialis DNA in one sample collected from a hunted golden jackal. The sites frequented by domestic cats and dogs were also visited by golden jackals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although golden jackals may be suspected of contributing to the transfer of some parasites to humans through domestic animals, the findings do not indicate that golden jackals represent a significant current or emerging threat to the health of wildlife or humans in southern Poland.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ELISA to predict high <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> shedding in faeces of infected animals.","authors":"Věra Fichtelová, Alena Králová, Vladimír Babák, Kamil Kovařčík","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0012","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Paratuberculosis is a chronic wasting disease caused by <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP). Control in herds relies on detecting infected animals, which are managed based on the level of MAP shedding. Faecal samples from seropositive animals are examined by bacterial culture and/or qPCR to detect MAP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of serology to predict the extent of MAP shedding.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 139 serum and stool samples were tested. The sample-to-positive ratio (S/P) of the ELISA assay and the crossing point (Cp) of the qPCR test were used to estimate the relative amount of antibodies in serum and MAP in stool, respectively. Spearman's correlation was used to assess the relationship between S/P and Cp values. Further analyses tested the significance of differences in S/P ratios between groups of animals categorised by their level of MAP shedding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A weak-to-moderate correlation was found between S/P and Cp values (rs = -0.3471). Significant differences in S/P ratios were identified between groups of animals representing moderate-to-high and low MAP shedding. High MAP shedding was associated with an S/P ≥ 2.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that the ELISA test can be used to predict high MAP shedding. Despite the weak-to-moderate correlation between S/P and MAP levels in faeces, animals with an S/P ≥ 2.5 should be considered high shedders and removed from the herd without delay.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"169-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of <i>Radix Paeoniae Rubra</i> aqueous extract on the virulence and antibiotic susceptibility of multi-drug resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Xibo Xue, Chunliang Jiang, Huixia Mao, Huiqin Duan, Ying-Jian Sun","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0017","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Some traditional Chinese medicine herbs can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases; however, the mechanisms are not fully explored. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of action of <i>Radix Paeoniae Rubra</i>, one of the most commonly used herbs, in bacterial infections by studying its effects on the resistance and pathogenicity of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this study, MDR <i>Escherichia coli</i> O101 was treated with <i>Radix Paeoniae Rubra</i> aqueous extract (RPRE), and then the virulence factor protein secretion, biofilm formation and the drug resistance-related gene expression were determined by using broth microdilution, ELISA and qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results found that RPRE inhibited the bacterial virulence factor proteins. It suppressed the antibiotic-induced transcription increase of efflux pump genes <i>marA</i> and <i>soxS</i>. It inhibited not only the expression of the outer membrane porin genes <i>ompC</i> and <i>ompF</i> but also the formation of bacterial biofilms, and the combination of RPRE with antibiotics increased the bacteria's sensitivity to them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that RPRE alone has a slight inhibitory effect on the bacteria, but at its sub-inhibitory concentrations, it can reduce resistance-related gene expression, inhibit virulence factor protein production and suppress biofilm formation. Furthermore, RPRE forms a bactericidal efficacy synergy when combined with antibiotics by decreasing MDR <i>E. coli</i> resistance and pathogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Campylobacter</i> in backyard poultry: hidden risks and public health implications.","authors":"Aleksandra Kobuszewska, Beata Izabela Wysok, Paulina Przyborowska","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0016","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although risk factors associated with <i>Campylobacter</i> infection in poultry have been recognised, a notable gap exists associated with this infection in backyard poultry.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Birds were examined by taking 315 cloacal swabs in six small, backyard poultry flocks of ducks, geese and ornamental chickens to determine the occurrence, genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. Genomic diversity was assessed by sequencing the short variable region of the <i>flaA</i> gene and by virulence gene profiling. Antimicrobial susceptibility was analysed by the minimal inhibitory concentration method with the agar dilution technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of <i>Campylobacter</i> was 5.1%, with positive findings limited to ducks and ornamental chickens. A total of 16 isolates were recovered, comprising 14 of <i>C. jejuni</i> and 2 of <i>C. coli</i>. Duck isolates showed higher genetic diversity (Simpson's diversity index (SDI) = 1.000), but ornamental chicken isolates were also not homogeneous (SDI = 0.911). The most frequently detected virulence determinants were <i>flaA</i> (100.0%), <i>ciaB</i> (75.0%), <i>cadF</i> (62.5%) and <i>cdtC</i> (62.5%). Antimicrobial resistance was most frequently to ciprofloxacin (93.8%), and to tetracycline (43.8%) and erythromycin (43.8%) in many instances, while multidrug resistance was found in 18.8% of isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the ecology and transmission dynamics of <i>Campylobacter</i> under the One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"43-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis and susceptibility to antibiotics and phytogenics of <i>Riemerella anatipestifer</i> strains isolated in Poland.","authors":"Jan Tyc, Agnieszka Kalwasińska, Monika Olszewska-Tomczyk, Grzegorz Woźniakowski","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0019","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Riemerella anatipestifer</i> (RA) is a causative agent of high-mortality <i>septicaemia anserum exsudativa</i>, which inflicts large economic losses on poultry farming. The growing concern over antibiotic resistance and imposed limitations on these drugs' use in animals prompt the search for antibiotic alternatives. This study characterises the phylogenetic relationship of Polish RA strains and assesses their susceptibility to antibiotics and <i>trans</i>-cinnamaldehyde, geraniol, carvacrol and eugenol as antibiotic alternatives.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 24 provided strains were confirmed by RA-specific PCR. A phylogenetic tree was generated with partial 16S ribosomal RNA sequences, also including <i>Riemerella</i>-type strains obtained from GenBank. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer method and phytogenic susceptibility by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the strains clustered together, and only one, which clustered with the RA type strain, was an outlier. The widest inhibition-zone diameters were obtained for cephalexin, ceftazidime and cefuroxime, while more than 70% of the strains showed no visible zone of inhibition under the action of enrofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin or streptomycin. The most effective phytogenic was <i>trans</i>-cinnamaldehyde, with the minimum concentrations inhibitory and bactericidal to 90% of isolates being only 75 μg/mL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The RA strains showed relatively low genetic diversity. Despite this, antimicrobial resistance varied significantly between them. Continuous monitoring of the resistance pattern is necessary. Interpretive criteria for RA susceptibility testing not having yet been standardised, existing research is inconclusive. Some phytogenics are promising alternatives to antibiotics; however, more pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics data are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"33-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of bornaviruses, circoviruses and polyomaviruses in necropsy samples from parrots in Poland (2014-2024).","authors":"Ines Szotowska, Aleksandra Ledwoń","doi":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0011","DOIUrl":"10.2478/jvetres-2026-0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) is a disease of parrots which has been known for many years, but only in 2008 was it confirmed that its cause is avian bornavirus (ABV). Further disease aetiology and epidemiology information came subsequently. Later research distinguished an eight-genotype group of parrot bornaviruses (PaBV) infecting psittacines. In addition to PaBV, circoviruses (beak and feather disease viruses - BFDV) and avian polyomaviruses (APyV) also represent major viral pathogens of parrots. These may occur concurrently. This study's intent was to determine the occurrence of PaBV, BFDV and APyV in parrots in Poland between 2014 and 2024 and to compare it with extranational data.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Samples taken from 210 naturally deceased breeder-owned and pet parrots necropsied between 2014 and 2024 were studied. Tissue samples were analysed by RT-PCR (PaBV) and nested PCR (BFDV and APyV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parrot bornavirus RNA was detected in 50 parrots (23.8%), BFDV DNA in 59 (28%), and APyV DNA in 65 parrots (31%). A dilated proventriculus and gizzard - changes typical for PDD - were found in 22 (10.5%) cases and 18 were confirmed by a positive RT-PCR result. Thirty-two (15.2%) birds tested positive for PaBV despite the absence of obvious PDD lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bornavirus infections in parrots in Poland occur relatively often, but less frequently than infections with polyomaviruses and circoviruses. Only 36% of the birds with confirmed bornavirus infections had changes typical for PDD observed in necropsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":17617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}