Journal of water and health最新文献_第3页

Removal capacities of wastewater treatment plants to minimize spread of enteroviruses.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2025.281

Cansu Ozgur, Bulent Icgen

{"title":"Removal capacities of wastewater treatment plants to minimize spread of enteroviruses.","authors":"Cansu Ozgur, Bulent Icgen","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.281","url":null,"abstract":"The enteroviruses such as Adenovirus, Enterovirus, Hepatitis A virus, Norovirus, and Rotavirus are mostly transmitted via water and are commonly seen in Turkey. Due to lack of regulations for monitoring these viruses at the discharge points of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the discharges reach to surface waters causing water-borne diseases. This emphasizes the importance of WWTPs' removal capacities to minimize the spread of enteroviruses. To evaluate the removal capacities of enteroviruses, five different types of WWTPs from Ankara-Turkey were investigated over a year. Seasonal abundances of enterovirus-specific genes in both influents and effluents from each WWTP were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The reduction of enteroviral nucleic acids in the effluent wastewater samples compared to the influent wastewater samples was assessed as the removal capacity in log10 reduction values (LRVs). The qPCR results revealed that among five different types of WWTPs tested, membrane bioreactors effectively removed Adenovirus alone with LRVs more than 3. The removal of Enterovirus, Hepatitis A virus, Norovirus, and Rotavirus in WWTPs with varying processes was below LRV 3.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 2","pages":"190-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbiological characterization of drinking water and socio-environmental study in the peri-urban area of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯拉普拉塔近郊区饮用水的微生物特征和社会环境研究。

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.128

Andrea Celina Falcone, Matias Hernán Assandri, María Elisa Helman, Joaquín Alejandro Córdoba, Virginia Vetere, Juan Manuel Unzaga

{"title":"Microbiological characterization of drinking water and socio-environmental study in the peri-urban area of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.","authors":"Andrea Celina Falcone, Matias Hernán Assandri, María Elisa Helman, Joaquín Alejandro Córdoba, Virginia Vetere, Juan Manuel Unzaga","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.128","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to analyze the groundwater quality and evaluate the socio-environmental factors associated with the indicators of environmental contamination in the peri-urban area of La Plata. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between 2013 and 2023, and six neighborhoods were selected. Water samples were taken according to the Argentine Food Code and a parasitological analysis of the water was performed using ultrafiltration. Socio-environmental analyses were carried out with semi-structured questionnaires and a generalized linear model was used considering a binomial distribution. Of the total water samples, 70% (75/106) indicated that the water is not suitable for consumption. The highest contamination by total coliforms was observed in Abasto, and the risk of contamination by this indicator was higher (odds ratio > 5) compared to other neighborhoods. A moderate percentage of fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli was found in Melchor Romero and El Peligro, although it was higher than that detected in the other neighborhoods. Pseudomonas spp. was observed in all the samples in Arana and in moderate amounts in Abasto and Lisandro Olmos. Entamoeba spp. and Blastocystis spp. were found in a quarter of the water samples. It is essential to manage environmental sanitation and family health access policies.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 2","pages":"79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into kinetic and regression models developed to estimate the abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes during biological digestion of wastewater sludge. 深入了解为估算废水污泥生物消化过程中抗生素基因丰度而开发的动力学和回归模型。

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2025.372

Eskandar Poorasgari, Banu Örmeci

{"title":"Insights into kinetic and regression models developed to estimate the abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes during biological digestion of wastewater sludge.","authors":"Eskandar Poorasgari, Banu Örmeci","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.372","DOIUrl":"10.2166/wh.2025.372","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater treatment plants are hubs of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). During wastewater treatment, ARGs accumulate in wastewater sludge and some survive biological digestion. After land application of digested sludge, ARGs are transported to soil, water, and air, and may encounter humans and animals. ARGs are typically quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on isolated DNA. Nevertheless, DNA isolation and qPCR are time-consuming, expensive, and prone to contamination. Therefore, there is a need to estimate ARGs quantities via methods that can be readily employed. Such estimation would help to protect public health via modifying biological digestion to maximize the removal of ARGs. Two approaches that make such estimation are kinetic and regression modeling. The kinetic models have been mainly of the first order. This review examines the application of the kinetic models to estimate the abundance of ARGs during biological sludge digestion. It also discusses how biological sludge digesters can be designed using kinetic models. The literature provides single and multiple regression models, from which an ARGs -Solids -Nutrients nexus, a focal point of this review, is inferred. This review demonstrates that regression models are mathematical expressions of that nexus. Also, existing challenges are highlighted and suggestions for future are provided.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 2","pages":"238-259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study on Escherichia coli contamination in drinking water sources to combat waterborne diseases effectively in Bist Doab, Punjab, India.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2025.267

Babita Gautam, Sajad Nabi Dar, Rohan Samir Kumar Sachan

{"title":"A study on Escherichia coli contamination in drinking water sources to combat waterborne diseases effectively in Bist Doab, Punjab, India.","authors":"Babita Gautam, Sajad Nabi Dar, Rohan Samir Kumar Sachan","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.267","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization (WHO) advocates universal access to safe drinking water (DW) by 2030 in order to mitigate waterborne diseases (WBDs). Mitigating WBDs necessitates access to clean water devoid of pathogens such as Escherichia coli. Despite advancements, urban areas such as Jalandhar continue to grapple with recurrent outbreaks of diarrhoea, cholera, hepatitis A, and hepatitis E. Zero E. coli presence in water samples is considered safe DW. This study aims to find out whether DW supplied and available in Bist Doab region is free from faecal contamination and safe to drink per the WHO Standards. A total of 32 samples were collected from six distinct villages, alongside 23 samples from three urban wards of Jalandhar and tested using spreading techniques, involving bacterial screening and quantification of colony-forming units to ascertain E. coli contamination levels. The results reveal that 56.5% of urban DW samples exhibited potential health risks attributable to contamination, while rural counterparts demonstrated significantly lower E. coli levels. An area-specific approach and a three-tier policy are proposed through this research work to combat WBDs effectively and efficiently in our developing nation.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 2","pages":"155-167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the complex landscape of waterborne disease research.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2025.280

Naing Aung Khant, Regina Martha Lumongsod, Arkar San, Jinah Moon, Sim Namkoong, Heejung Kim

{"title":"Navigating the complex landscape of waterborne disease research.","authors":"Naing Aung Khant, Regina Martha Lumongsod, Arkar San, Jinah Moon, Sim Namkoong, Heejung Kim","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.280","url":null,"abstract":"Waterborne pathogens and associated diseases continue to pose a significant global health challenge, requiring effective monitoring, detection, and treatment strategies. This review examines the current state of waterborne pathogen management, highlighting persistent issues and recent advancements. Here, we review cutting-edge detection methods and treatment technology, emphasizing their roles in water safety and outbreak prevention. The impact of climate change on waterborne pathogen dynamics is explored, alongside a discussion of interdisciplinary research approaches. We also aimed to investigate the crucial relationship between waterborne disease control and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on community engagement, well-being, water sanitation, public health policies, and international cooperation. The PRISMA protocol systematic process was used to filter papers for this study and carry out the review process. Machine learning and remote sensing techniques are promising features in the pathogen detection field. SDGs 3, 6, 11, 13, and 17 are the most closely interrelated with waterborne diseases. This review provides an in-depth overview of waterborne pathogen management, contributing to improved global water quality and public health strategies. This integrated approach aims to enhance health outcomes and promote resilience against waterborne diseases, particularly for vulnerable communities.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 2","pages":"168-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the faucet: social-geographic disparities and trends in intermittent water supply in Peru.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2025.386

Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández

{"title":"Beyond the faucet: social-geographic disparities and trends in intermittent water supply in Peru.","authors":"Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.386","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to estimate the percentage of households with intermittent water supply (IWS) in Peru and determine the association between socioeconomic characteristics and the presence of IWS. The National Household Surveys (ENAHO) of 2017, 2018, 2019, 2019, 2021, and 2022 were used. IWS was defined as a piped water supply for less than 24 hours per day, one or more days per week. Exposure variables, such as area of residence, geographic region, population density, and human development index and their association with IWS using 2022, were explored using generalized linear models. The percentage of households with IWS varied between 40.8 and 42.5% during the period studied. At the departmental level, Tumbes, Ica, Piura, and Loreto showed the highest percentages of IWS. In households with IWS, the average duration of water supply did not exceed 8 h. Urban households, those in the Coast region, with medium population density and medium human development index, had a higher prevalence of IWS compared with their counterparts in 2022. This analysis contributes to the understanding of water access challenges in the context of climate change and the need for strategies adapted to specific urban and geographic contexts.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of sewage effluent discharge on putative pathogen community in drinking water sources: insights from full-length 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.399

Jie Zeng, Tomohiro Nakanishi, Ayato Hara, Sadahiko Itoh

{"title":"Influence of sewage effluent discharge on putative pathogen community in drinking water sources: insights from full-length 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.","authors":"Jie Zeng, Tomohiro Nakanishi, Ayato Hara, Sadahiko Itoh","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.399","url":null,"abstract":"The discharge of sewage effluent is a major source of microbial contamination in drinking water sources, necessitating a comprehensive investigation of its impact on pathogenic bacterial communities. This study utilized full-length 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to identify putative pathogenic bacteria and analyze their community structures in drinking water sources subjected to different levels of fecal pollution: urban rivers with low, moderate, and high sewage effluent mixing ratios, and mountain streams with minimal human impact. The sewage effluent itself was also analyzed. Mountain streams primarily harbored environmental pathogens, whereas urban rivers exhibited significantly higher concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) (i.e., Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens) along with markedly more diverse enteric pathogens with a higher relative abundance. Furthermore, within urban rivers, the putative pathogen communities displayed significant variation, closely aligning with the sewage effluent mixing ratios. The effectiveness of FIBs as indicators of enteric pathogens was found to be largely dependent on the levels of fecal pollution. This study offers novel insights into the impact of sewage effluent discharge on putative pathogenic bacterial communities with enhanced species-level resolution.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 1","pages":"43-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate change and waterborne diseases in temperate regions: a systematic review.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.314

Eunice A Salubi, Zemichael Gizaw, Corinne J Schuster-Wallace, Alain Pietroniro

{"title":"Climate change and waterborne diseases in temperate regions: a systematic review.","authors":"Eunice A Salubi, Zemichael Gizaw, Corinne J Schuster-Wallace, Alain Pietroniro","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.314","url":null,"abstract":"Risk of waterborne diseases (WBDs) persists in temperate regions. The extent of influence of climate-related factors on the risk of specific WBDs in a changing climate and the projections of future climate scenarios on WBDs in temperate regions are unclear. A systematic review was conducted to identify specific waterborne pathogens and diseases prevalent in temperate region literature and transmission cycle associations with a changing climate. Projections of WBD risk based on future climate scenarios and models used to assess future disease risk were identified. Seventy-five peer-reviewed full-text articles for temperate regions published in the English language were included in this review after a search of Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2010 to 2023. Using thematic analysis, climate-related drivers impacting WBD risk were identified. Risk of WBDs was influenced mostly by weather (rainfall: 22% and heavy rainfall: 19%) across the majority of temperate regions and hydrological (streamflow: 50%) factors in Europe. Future climate scenarios suggest that WBD risk is likely to increase in temperate regions. Given the need to understand changes and potential feedback across fate, transport and exposure pathways, more studies should combine data-driven and process-based models to better assess future risks using model simulations.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 1","pages":"58-78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wastewater microbiology: occurrence and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the district wastewater system.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.268

Mohamed Mohany, Jawad Aslam, Muhammad Adnan Ali, Baharullah Khattak, Fozia Fozia, Ijaz Ahmad, Muhammad Daud Khan, Salim S Al-Rejaie, Ziaullah Ziaullah, Marija Milošević

{"title":"Wastewater microbiology: occurrence and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the district wastewater system.","authors":"Mohamed Mohany, Jawad Aslam, Muhammad Adnan Ali, Baharullah Khattak, Fozia Fozia, Ijaz Ahmad, Muhammad Daud Khan, Salim S Al-Rejaie, Ziaullah Ziaullah, Marija Milošević","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.268","url":null,"abstract":"Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, pose a serious risk to human health because of antibiotic resistance. Wastewater serves as a reservoir for these bacteria, contributing to the evolution and transmission of antibiotic-resistant strains. The research aims to identify ESBL bacterium in wastewater samples from District Kohat. K. pneumoniae and E. coli were confirmed as ESBL-producing bacteria through a comprehensive array of diagnostic procedures, including Gram staining, biochemical analyses, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Fecal coliform count (FCC) analyses revealed varying microorganism levels. Both E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates showed ESBL enzyme expression, indicating antibiotic resistance. Resistance patterns included ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for both species. E. coli displayed higher sensitivity for chloramphenicol, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole, and gentamicin. Ceftazidime minimum inhibitory concentration results showed E. coli's higher resistance. The study accentuates the presence of antibiotic-resistant strains, emphasizing the value of effective wastewater treatment. The study provides crucial insights into microbial characteristics, fecal contamination, ESBL production, and antibiotic resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, advocating for monitoring and mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 1","pages":"26-42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geochemical assessment of groundwater quality using Nemerov's pollution index: a micro-level study in the groundwater critical zone of western Rajasthan, India.

IF 2.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2024.113

Sangeeta Parihar, Raina Jadhav, Suresh Kumar Pachak, Vijendra Singh Solanki, Saad S Alarifi, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Neha Agarwal, Tathagata Ghosh, Virendra Kumar Yadav

{"title":"Geochemical assessment of groundwater quality using Nemerov's pollution index: a micro-level study in the groundwater critical zone of western Rajasthan, India.","authors":"Sangeeta Parihar, Raina Jadhav, Suresh Kumar Pachak, Vijendra Singh Solanki, Saad S Alarifi, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Neha Agarwal, Tathagata Ghosh, Virendra Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.2166/wh.2024.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.113","url":null,"abstract":"The pollution index is a helpful tool for assessing the quality of groundwater. To assess the water quality in the southern segment of Barmer District (Rajasthan), India, we collected 20 samples of groundwater from the post-monsoon 2021 and pre-monsoon 2022 periods. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness, Cl-, SO4--, F-, NO3-, total dissolved solids, Ca2+, and Mg2+ were analyzed. To better understand the spatial and temporal variations, maps were generated in the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment in association with the seasonal correlation matrix. Nemerov's index method was used for determining the pollution level of groundwater sources. The results showed that there was significant spatial and temporal variation in the concentration level of physicochemical parameters. The correlation matrix revealed that the level of positive correlation among the parameters was higher during the pre-monsoon period of 2022 compared to the post-monsoon period of 2021. The result was evaluated using the standard set by the World Health Organization and the Bureau of Indian Standards. According to the result obtained from Nemerov's index technique, most parameters were within safe conditions in both seasons except for EC and NO3-. The results indicated that the improved Nemerov index technique can represent the status of groundwater more accurately.","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 1","pages":"16-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0