Comparative implications of tobacco and non-tobacco crop farming on aquatic ecosystems: a multi-index evaluation of irrigation suitability and pollution risks.

IF 2.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Journal of water and health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI:10.2166/wh.2025.022
Anupam Roy, M G Mostafa
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Agriculture plays a dual role, both contributing to and being impacted by water pollution. This study evaluates the impact of tobacco and non-tobacco farming on irrigation suitability, water quality index (WQI), water health index (WHI), heavy metal (HM) pollution, and ecological risk (ER). Twenty-four water samples from six tobacco fields (TFs) and six non-tobacco fields (NTFs), collected before cropping season and after cropping season, were analyzed for major physico-chemical properties and HMs. The results suggest that TF improves sodium and alkalinity hazards but worsens nutrient and HM pollution (Pb: 0.119 mg/L, Cd: 0.021 mg/L, Ni: 0.242 mg/L), and threatens salinity, permeability, osmotic potential (OPπ), dry residue (RS), and miscellaneous hazards. Conversely, NTF has minimal impact, except for nutrient and miscellaneous hazards. WQI shifts from good to very poor, primarily driven by turbidity, PO4-P, K+, and NO3-N. Similarly, WHI declines from excellent to very poor in TF and from good to poor in NTF. HM pollution index has risen slightly above irrigation safety limits, mainly due to Cd, Ni, and Pb, resulting in a slightly elevated ER. This study demonstrates that TF, driven by excessive agrochemical use, renders water unsuitable for irrigation, underscoring the imperative for sustainable practices.

烟草和非烟草作物种植对水生生态系统的比较影响:灌溉适宜性和污染风险的多指标评价。
农业扮演着双重角色,既造成水污染,又受到水污染的影响。本研究评价了烟草种植和非烟草种植对灌溉适宜性、水质指数(WQI)、水健康指数(WHI)、重金属污染(HM)和生态风险(ER)的影响。对采自6个烟草田和6个非烟草田的24份水样在种植季前和种植季后的主要理化性质和水分成分进行了分析。结果表明,TF改善了钠和碱度危害,但加重了营养物和HM污染(Pb: 0.119 mg/L, Cd: 0.021 mg/L, Ni: 0.242 mg/L),并对盐度、渗透率、渗透势(OPπ)、干渣(RS)和其他危害构成威胁。相反,NTF的影响很小,除了营养和其他危害。WQI由良好变为非常差,主要由浊度、PO4-P、K+和NO3-N驱动。同样,WHI在TF方面从优秀下降到非常差,在NTF方面从良好下降到差。HM污染指数略高于灌溉安全限值,主要是由于Cd、Ni和Pb污染,导致ER略高。这项研究表明,过度使用农用化学品导致的土壤水分流失使水不适合灌溉,强调了可持续做法的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of water and health
Journal of water and health 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
8.70%
发文量
110
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Water and Health is a peer-reviewed journal devoted to the dissemination of information on the health implications and control of waterborne microorganisms and chemical substances in the broadest sense for developing and developed countries worldwide. This is to include microbial toxins, chemical quality and the aesthetic qualities of water.
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