{"title":"Corrigendum: <i>Journal of Water and Health</i>, 21 (9), 1342-1356: Molecular characterisation and potential pathogenicity analysis of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> isolated from recreational lakes in Peninsular Malaysia, Rohaya Abdul Halim, Rosnani Hanim Mohd Hussain, Shafiq Aazmi, Hasseri Halim, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui and Tengku Shahrul Anuar, https://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2023.186.","authors":"","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 7","pages":"905"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health risks associated with seasonal water quality in the Hasbani River, Lebanon: a physicochemical and microbiological analysis.","authors":"Israa Dib, Mohamad Fakih, Hiba Noureddine, Farah Nassib Nasr, Rana El Hajj, Alexandre Livet, Vanessa Alphonse, Noureddine Bousserrhine","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Lebanon, polluted water resources are commonly used for various purposes. Hasbayya, a district located in southern Lebanon, is known for being surrounded by the Hasbani River, which serves as the primary source of domestic water for households in the area. This water is used without undergoing any treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of the Hasbani River and domestic water in Hasbayya, South Lebanon. A total of 20 water samples were collected from households and 15 samples from different sites along the river during three seasons. These samples were analyzed for physical parameters (pH, total dissolved solids, and temperature) and bacterial parameters (total bacterial growth and total and fecal coliforms). Microscopy was employed to inspect the presence of the parasitic <i>Entamoeba</i> spp. contamination. The metallic quality of samples was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The findings demonstrated that all samples obtained from Hasbayya and Hasbani exhibited significant bacterial and parasitological contamination. The results of metallic analysis indicated that certain water samples displayed elevated iron levels. In conclusion, the potable water in Hasbayya does not meet the national and international guidelines for safe drinking water and should not be consumed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 7","pages":"853-860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum: <i>Journal of Water and Health</i>, 22 (12), 2289-2303: Assessment of <i>in vitro</i> dynamics of pathogenic environmental <i>Acanthamoeba</i> T4 and T9 genotypes isolated from three recreational lakes in Klang Valley, Malaysia over the HaCaT cell monolayer, Rohaya Abdul Halim, Hasseri Halim, Rosnani Hanim Mohd Hussain, Shafiq Aazmi, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui and Tengku Shahrul Anuar, https://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.162.","authors":"","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 7","pages":"906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sopheak Hem, Barbara Drigo, Sotirios Vasileiadis, Gianluca Brunetti, Euan Smith, Sergio Ferro, Enzo Lombi, Nicholas J Ashbolt, Erica Donner
{"title":"Mitigating <i>Legionella</i> spp. risk in an Australian healthcare facility using on-site electrochemical water disinfection.","authors":"Sopheak Hem, Barbara Drigo, Sotirios Vasileiadis, Gianluca Brunetti, Euan Smith, Sergio Ferro, Enzo Lombi, Nicholas J Ashbolt, Erica Donner","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Legionella</i> spp. are Gram-negative bacteria present in natural and engineered water systems that can cause legionellosis (Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever). When present in biofilms of healthcare facilities, they are a likely source of legionellosis for immunocompromised patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate an electrochemical water disinfection system to produce and dose hypochlorous acid (HOCl) to reduce this risk in a hospital with systemic <i>Legionella</i> spp. contamination. Furthermore, <i>Legionella</i> spp. colony counts were compared to quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results. Before and after implementing the disinfection system, tap water and pipe biofilms were analysed for microbial contamination. Post-implementation monitoring continued for over six months, assessing microbial quality using heterotrophic colony counts, <i>Legionella</i> serotyping, and qPCR targeting total bacteria (16S rRNA) and <i>Legionella</i> spp. By the third sampling event (22 days post-commissioning), water quality consistently improved, with no culture-positive <i>Legionella</i> counts observed thereafter. qPCR analysis confirmed these results, proving more sensitive and reliable than traditional methods. The qPCR assays for <i>Legionella</i> spp. and bacterial 16S rRNA were also cost-effective for system optimisation and diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 7","pages":"877-893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the virucidal activities of ozonated water, povidone-iodine, and ethanol against human adenovirus.","authors":"Yohei Takeda, Dulamjav Jamsransuren, Yoshimasa Makita, Sachiko Matsuda, Haruko Ogawa, Hourei Oh","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human adenoviruses (AdVs) are non-enveloped viruses that cause respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal infections. Owing to the absence of commercialized antiviral drugs for AdV infection, the urgent prevention of infection by inactivating AdVs is pertinent to public health. Accordingly, to establish effective disinfection methods against AdVs, this study assessed and compared the virucidal efficacy of multiple virucidal agents, namely ozonated water (OW), povidone-iodine (PVPI), and ethanol (EtOH), against AdV type 40 <i>in vitro</i>. The AdV-inactivating activity of OW was influenced by ozone concentration and was adversely affected by the presence of proteins. PVPI demonstrated consistent virucidal activity across a concentration range of 0.025-0.050% and maintained its efficacy in the presence of proteins. EtOH showed time-dependent and limited concentration-dependent virucidal activity across a concentration range of 60-80% and maintained its effectiveness in the presence of proteins. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the viral genome revealed that OW was the only agent among the three that induced AdV genome degradation. Therefore, the study findings indicate that if the properties of OW are comprehensively understood to ensure its appropriate use, OW can be applied as a useful virucidal agent against AdV as well as other virus-inactivating agents, such as PVPI and EtOH.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 7","pages":"894-904"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S M T V Bandara, P A K C Wijerathna, Gayani Yasodara Liyanage, S Pathirage, Pathmalal Manage
{"title":"Occurrence of Shiga-toxigenic and enteropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> contaminations and assessment of water quality in the southern coastal belt in Sri Lanka.","authors":"S M T V Bandara, P A K C Wijerathna, Gayani Yasodara Liyanage, S Pathirage, Pathmalal Manage","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contamination of coastal water with Shiga-toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (STEC) and Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EPEC) poses a significant risk to human health as they are causing severe gastroenteritis diseases. This study focused on detecting Enterohaemorrhagic <i>E. coli</i> (EHEC) and STEC in coastal waters along the southern coastal belt in Sri Lanka. Water samples (n=66) from 22 sampling locations were collected, and the virulent genes, eae, <i>stx1</i> and <i>stx2</i>, were selected for the screening of EHEC and STEC. Amplification was done through optimized PCR protocols. Further, the water quality was measured in terms of N-NO<sup>-</sup><sub>3</sub>, N-NO<sup>-</sup><sub>2</sub>, N-NH<sub>3</sub>, Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphate and COD in selected locations following the APHA standard methods. The findings indicate the presence of EHEC and STEC in some locations of the southern coast belt, which are popular for tourism and recreational activities. STEC were detected at 45.45% of sampling locations in the southern coastal belt of Sri Lanka, while EHEC was detected at 54.54%. Further, the recorded water quality values for N-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, N-NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>, N-NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>, Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphate and COD ranged from 0.30 to 3.48 mg/L, 0 to 0.64 mg/L, 0.03 to 2.39 mg/L, 0.48 to 4.31mg/L, 0.06 to 3.17mg/L and 584 to 679mg/L, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 7","pages":"861-876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariah C A do Nascimento, Wendy J M Smith, Yawen Liu, Vivaldo Gomes da Costa, Stuart L Simpson, Aaron Bivins, Paula Rahal, Warish Ahmed
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of heating instruments for detecting <i>Bacteroides</i> HF183, SARS-CoV-2, and Aichi virus A in untreated wastewater using colorimetric LAMP.","authors":"Mariah C A do Nascimento, Wendy J M Smith, Yawen Liu, Vivaldo Gomes da Costa, Stuart L Simpson, Aaron Bivins, Paula Rahal, Warish Ahmed","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed the accuracy, field suitability, and cost-effectiveness of colorimetric LAMP (c-LAMP) assays using six heating instruments: Electric Kettle, Water Bath, Heating Block, miniPCR, Thermocycler, and Genie® III. Bacteroides HF183 (HF183), SARS-CoV-2, and Aichi virus A (AiV-A) were tested using control materials and wastewater samples, comparing cLAMP with qPCR/RT-qPCR detection. qPCR/RT-qPCR reliably detected HF183 and AiV-A genetic fragments at dilutions as low as 1 × 10<sup>-5</sup> pg/μL, corresponding to 1.24 and 1.49 log<sub>10</sub> GC/reaction. cLAMP/RT-cLAMP detected these fragments at 1 × 10<sup>-4</sup> pg/μL (2.28 and 2.63 log<sub>10</sub> GC/reaction), though Electric Kettle, miniPCR, and Genie® III occasionally produced false negatives. RT-qPCR reliably detected SARS-CoV-2 fragments at 1 × 10<sup>0</sup> GC/μL (1.86 log<sub>10</sub> GC/reaction), with cLAMP/RT-cLAMP performing similarly across most instruments except Thermocycler. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed among instruments, though inconsistencies appeared at lower concentrations. The findings offer valuable insights into heating instrument performance for cLAMP/RT-cLAMP assays, guiding their application in wastewater-based pathogen detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 6","pages":"701-714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dafne de Brito Cruz, Philip Schmidt, Kelsey Kundert, Norma Ruecker, Monica Emelko
{"title":"Particulate contaminants and treatment decision-making: maximizing the value of raw water pathogen monitoring for drinking water safety.","authors":"Dafne de Brito Cruz, Philip Schmidt, Kelsey Kundert, Norma Ruecker, Monica Emelko","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodic evaluation of particulate contaminants in raw/untreated water is integral to assessing risk, establishing treatment requirements, and ensuring drinking water safety. However, pathogenic microorganisms and other discrete particles (e.g., microplastics) are not typically monitored with any regularity. When monitoring is required, recommended, or proactively used to evaluate the adequacy of treatment or assess treatment needs, there is a need for guidance on how to collect data and use them to maximize return on investment. The potentially increasing variability in source water quality associated with climate change emphasizes the importance of knowing contaminant concentrations to effectively manage risks. This work presents a framework to guide the development of monitoring protocols for particulate contaminants in water and the integration of monitoring data and quantitative microbial risk assessment into treatment decisions. The protozoa monitoring and risk-based compliance approach of a drinking water utility in Canada is presented along with 7 years of data. Guidance for determining sampling frequencies and locations is provided. It is shown that <i>Cryptosporidium</i> monitoring may be insufficient to inform treatment needs when <i>Giardia</i> cysts are more abundant in source water. This work underscores the importance of revisiting and enhancing monitoring practices for effective treatment and public health protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 6","pages":"764-779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shehbaz Ahmad, Fernanda Mac-Allister Cedraz, Nicholas Borne, Julie N L Albert, Tiong Gim Aw
{"title":"Characterization and evaluation of recycled glass sand as water filtration media.","authors":"Shehbaz Ahmad, Fernanda Mac-Allister Cedraz, Nicholas Borne, Julie N L Albert, Tiong Gim Aw","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recycled glass offers a promising, cost-effective alternative to silica sand for water filtration. This study evaluated its performance in a gravity-driven flow system using three particle sizes: gravel (G), coarse sand (CS), and fine sand (FS). As expected, a tradeoff was observed between turbidity reduction and permeability. FS achieved the greatest turbidity reduction (96.6% in particulate filtration and 93.1% in environmental water filtration) and Escherichia coli log removal of 1 ± 0.2, but low permeability. Higher permeability but poor turbidity and E. coli removal was achieved using G. To balance these tradeoffs, a layered filtration system was used to improve permeability with effective turbidity reduction (96.9% in particulate filtration and 93.5% in environmental water filtration). Without coagulant treatment, the E. coli log removal was 0.27 ± 0.15; with coagulant pre-treatment, it increased to 2.5 ± 0.4 for the layered filtration system. These findings demonstrate that crushed recycled glass can be used as an effective filtration medium and the filtration system can be configured with different particle sizes and/or layers to meet application-specific requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 6","pages":"780-793"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mayra Ramírez-Cota, Ofelia Escobar-Sánchez, Miguel Betancourt-Lozano, Martín Gabriel Frías-Espericueta, Nydia Yuriana Zamora-Arellano, Carmen Cristina Osuna-Martínez
{"title":"Heavy metals in drinking water sources in northern Mexico: a review of concentrations and human health risks assessment.","authors":"Mayra Ramírez-Cota, Ofelia Escobar-Sánchez, Miguel Betancourt-Lozano, Martín Gabriel Frías-Espericueta, Nydia Yuriana Zamora-Arellano, Carmen Cristina Osuna-Martínez","doi":"10.2166/wh.2025.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2025.274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the high concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) in the water bodies of northern Mexico, current monitoring efforts and regulations are insufficient. This is especially troubling, given the indigenous and vulnerable communities and the overall lack of public health information. To characterize exposure, we conducted an exhaustive review of HM studies in drinking water in northern Mexico. This information was used to estimate hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) values by age for all of northern Mexico. In total, 316 concentrations of HMs were reported in 55 studies from 1975 to 2021, with concentration ranges of 0-11,100, 0-5,250, 0-350, 0-25, and 0-9,470 μg/L for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, and lead, respectively. The probable maximum concentrations (95th percentile) of metals in drinking water were 244.55, 10, 56, 1.68, and 90.35 μg/L for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, and lead, respectively. The HQ for all HMs ranged from 0.0011 to 404.62. Children younger than 2 years had an extremely high risk (HQ > 40) of presenting adverse health effects from arsenic consumption. Children younger than 6 years had the highest risk of developing cancer, with CR values from 2.24 × 10<sup>-5</sup> to 7.77 × 10<sup>-1</sup>, emphasizing the need for continuous HM monitoring in northern Mexico.</p>","PeriodicalId":17436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water and health","volume":"23 6","pages":"684-700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}