Journal of psychoactive drugs最新文献

Long-Term Mental Health and Wellbeing Outcomes Associated with Naturalistic Ayahuasca Consumption.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2465800

B A Pagni, A Halman, J Sarris, R Chenhall, M P Bogenschutz, D Perkins

{"title":"Long-Term Mental Health and Wellbeing Outcomes Associated with Naturalistic Ayahuasca Consumption.","authors":"B A Pagni, A Halman, J Sarris, R Chenhall, M P Bogenschutz, D Perkins","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2465800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2465800","url":null,"abstract":"The durability of ayahuasca's effects on mental health and the influence of clinical diagnoses on therapeutic response is unclear. Adults with no prior exposure to ayahuasca (n = 66) participating in neo-shamanic ayahuasca ceremonies completed questionnaires at baseline, 7 days, and 1, 6, and 12 months. Mixed models were used to characterize temporal trajectories in mental health, alcohol and cannabis use, affect, personality, spirituality, and relationships and examine the longevity of effects in individuals with and without a depressive or anxiety disorder. After multiple comparison correction, ayahuasca use was associated with decreases in depression, anxiety, stress, negative affect, negative emotionality, acceptance of external influence, and self-alienation at all time points. Improvements in mental health, self-efficacy, and spirituality were observed up to 12 months post-ceremony. Individuals with depression and anxiety diagnoses maintained significant symptom reductions, whereas those without a diagnosis experienced short-term benefits. Decreases in alcohol and cannabis use were only observed at month 1. Naturalistic ayahuasca use was associated with persisting improvements in mental health and wellbeing, with the largest magnitude of symptom reduction observed in those diagnosed with a depressive or anxiety disorder. Differing trajectories of change were identified across psychological constructs, suggestive of both enhancement and attenuation of gains over time.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Use Among Poly-Drug Users in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2465797

Neshalatha Govarthnapany, Roman Gabrhelik, Darshan Singh

{"title":"Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Use Among Poly-Drug Users in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Neshalatha Govarthnapany, Roman Gabrhelik, Darshan Singh","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2465797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2465797","url":null,"abstract":"Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a medicinal plant in Southeast Asia. While studies continue to highlight kratom's utility among poly-drug users, its context of use and therapeutic relevance appears opaque. This review evaluated studies reporting the therapeutic benefits of kratom use among poly-drug users in Southeast Asia, as perceived by the users. A literature search was conducted and only articles that narrated kratom use in poly-drug users in Southeast Asia were selected. A total of nine articles were reviewed. All the surveys were designed as cross-sectional studies and most (n = 7/9) originated from Malaysia. There were no significant differences in the context and motives of kratom use among poly-drug users in Southeast Asia. Kratom was reportedly ingested for a variety of purposes, but largely as an affordable substitute to opiates and amphetamine-type stimulants. Poly-drug users commonly use kratom to self-manage substance use disorder or drug dependence, decrease drug intake, alleviate withdrawal, and for its rejuvenating effects. Co-consumption was not associated with health issues. While these preliminary studies provided important empirical insights, the limitations in their design, sample selection, and focus underscore the need for further studies, including clinical studies, to establish the safety and claimed therapeutic value of kratom in poly-drug users.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex Differences in Religious Beliefs Before and After an Entity Encounter During an Ayahuasca Experience.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2462008

Yitong Xin, Roland R Griffiths, Alan K Davis

{"title":"Sex Differences in Religious Beliefs Before and After an Entity Encounter During an Ayahuasca Experience.","authors":"Yitong Xin, Roland R Griffiths, Alan K Davis","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2462008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2462008","url":null,"abstract":"An interesting aspect of entity encounters during psychedelic experiences is their ability to transform one's religious beliefs. However, little is known about sex differences in these transformations. This study investigates sex differences in changes in religious beliefs before and after an entity encounter among ayahuasca users. Data were collected via an anonymous Internet-based survey (N = 415; Mage = 38.53, SD = 11.39; male = 60.5%). Descriptive analyses, binary logistic regression, and two-proportion z-tests were conducted. Before the entity encounter, males were significantly more likely to identify as atheists (OR = 2.889, p = .001) and less likely to identify as having religious beliefs (OR = 0.453, p < .001) compared to females. After the entity encounter, no significant sex differences in religious beliefs were found (ps >0.05). Comparing changes before and after the experience, both sex groups showed decreases in atheism and agnosticism and increases in religious beliefs, with males exhibiting larger changes. Specifically, the proportion of males identifying as religious significantly increased from before to after the entity encounter (z = 3.49, p < .001), whereas the increase for females was not statistically significant. Findings suggest sex is associated with perceived changes in religious beliefs among ayahuasca users reporting an entity encounter, highlighting the importance of considering sex in psychedelic research and its impact on spirituality and related outcomes.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Setting the Stage for the Inner Journey: Unraveling the Interplay of Contextual Factors and the Intensity of Psychedelic-Induced Ego Dissolution.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2464797

Stanisław Adamczyk, Małgorzata Paczyńska, Anastasia Ruban, Jan Szczypiński, Michał Bola, Paweł Orłowski

{"title":"Setting the Stage for the Inner Journey: Unraveling the Interplay of Contextual Factors and the Intensity of Psychedelic-Induced Ego Dissolution.","authors":"Stanisław Adamczyk, Małgorzata Paczyńska, Anastasia Ruban, Jan Szczypiński, Michał Bola, Paweł Orłowski","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2464797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2464797","url":null,"abstract":"Psychedelics have the potential to induce profound alterations in cognition, emotionality, and sensory perception. The quality and intensity of these subjective effects exhibit high intra- and inter-individual variability, which can potentially be accounted for by the variability in contexts in which psychedelics are used. Therefore, the aim of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate how internal and external contextual factors are related to the subjective intensity of psychedelic-induced ego dissolution experiences. Participants completed an online survey in which they reported their motivations for past use of psychedelic substances, and the frequency of use in different environments and social contexts. Additionally, participants completed the Ego Dissolution Inventory to evaluate the intensity of past ego dissolution experiences. Robust linear regression analysis was performed on data from 862 psychedelics users (701 had used LSD and 553 had used psilocybin mushrooms); this revealed that participants consuming psychedelics for spiritual or self-healing purposes reported more intense, while those motivated by curiosity reported less intense ego dissolution experiences. However, the social context and physical environment did not exhibit robust associations with the reported ego dissolution. Therefore, our study enhances understanding of how set and setting factors relate to psychedelic-induced ego dissolution experiences in naturalistic contexts.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lived Experiences of Nonmedical Use of Tramadol Among Urban Slum-Dwelling Youth in Ghana: A Qualitative Study.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2465805

Solomon Osei-Tutu, Obed Jones Owusu-Sarpong, Felix Asante, Lawrencia Pokuah Siaw, Razak M Gyasi

{"title":"Lived Experiences of Nonmedical Use of Tramadol Among Urban Slum-Dwelling Youth in Ghana: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Solomon Osei-Tutu, Obed Jones Owusu-Sarpong, Felix Asante, Lawrencia Pokuah Siaw, Razak M Gyasi","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2465805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2465805","url":null,"abstract":"The world is witnessing a pharmaceutical opioid crisis, and in Africa's version, the nonmedical use of Tramadol is prevalent in vulnerable populations. However, data on the factors promoting nonmedical use of Tramadol in slums is generally lacking. The study explored the factors that promote the nonmedical use of Tramadol among urban slum-dwelling youth in the Asokore Mampong Municipality, Ghana. This qualitative study recruited 20 nonmedical Tramadol users from Asawase and Aboabo in the Asokore Mampong Municipality as participants. Data were gathered through face-to-face, in-depth interviews via the snowball sampling technique. Data were analyzed using themes and direct quotations. The study observed that Tramadol was used in quantities exceeding what is medically acceptable many times daily and in combination with other substances with psychoactive properties. Tramadol use was informed by its efficacy in providing physical (reducing tiredness, pain relief, and sexual enhancement) and psychological (mood enhancement) benefits. Easy accessibility and affordability of Tramadol, coupled with lax measures in checking substance use, contribute to its nonmedical use with other substances. The extent of abuse of Tramadol in the study setting needs urgent attention. Educational programs on substance use, counseling interventions, and effective drug monitoring and surveillance are required to curb the menace.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Differentiates Dropping Out from Remaining in a Brief Intervention for Problematic and Dependent Methamphetamine Users?

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2464792

Magdalena Maria Rowicka

{"title":"What Differentiates Dropping Out from Remaining in a Brief Intervention for Problematic and Dependent Methamphetamine Users?","authors":"Magdalena Maria Rowicka","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2464792","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2464792","url":null,"abstract":"Amphetamine-type stimulants (including methamphetamine) are the second most frequently used illicit substances, after cannabis worldwide. The treatment dropout rate is higher among stimulant users than in the case of any other substance. Younger age, greater severity of the substance use disorder, lower motivation to change, and greater mental health problems are among the predictors of treatment dropout. Research showed that a brief intervention with cognitive-behavioral strategies and motivational interviewing addresses the most paramount issues. This paper investigates the differences between the individuals who dropped out and those who remained in the intervention. Twenty-one participants dropped out from the intervention, and 32 remained in the intervention. The analyzed variables included illicit substance use, severity of methamphetamine dependence, alcohol use (with distinction between spirits, wine and beer), motivation to change (readiness for change questionnaire), depressive and generalized anxiety symptoms, life satisfaction and self-efficacy. The results showed no differences between the two investigated groups except for beer consumed 30 days before the intervention. (the drop-out group consumed statistically more beer). The results showed that there is a need for further investigation since none of the substance use or person-specific characteristics differentiated dropping out from remaining in the intervention.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cannabis Dependence Among Georgian Small-Scale Cannabis Growers: Results of a Cross-Sectional Online Survey.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2463514

Tamar Mgebrishvili, Irma Kirtadze, Ali Mirzazadeh, David Otiashvili

{"title":"Cannabis Dependence Among Georgian Small-Scale Cannabis Growers: Results of a Cross-Sectional Online Survey.","authors":"Tamar Mgebrishvili, Irma Kirtadze, Ali Mirzazadeh, David Otiashvili","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2463514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2463514","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to assess cannabis dependency among individuals who cultivate cannabis for medical and/or recreational purposes. Participants included growers who cultivated cannabis for personal use, social supply, caregiving activities, or illegal sales. Between December 2020 and August 2021, we conducted an online cross-sectional survey among Georgian cannabis growers. We used the International Cannabis Cultivation Questionnaire to measure the purpose of growing cannabis and the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with cannabis dependency. Out of 218 cannabis growers, 193 (88.5%) grew cannabis for their personal use. Among participants, 132 (68%) used cannabis for recreational and 61 (32%) used it for medical purposes. The overall prevalence of cannabis use dependency was 37.7%. In multiple logistic regression analysis, medical users (AOR 0.39, P-value < .05) had lower odds of developing dependency compared to recreational users. Growers who used cannabis for medical purposes were more likely to consume it on a daily or almost daily basis. The majority of Georgian (illegal) cannabis growers use their products for their personal consumption, mostly for recreational purposes. This group had a higher odd of developing cannabis dependency compared to those growers who use cannabis for the medical purposes.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shame, Guilt and Psychedelic Experience: Results from a Prospective, Longitudinal Survey of Real-World Psilocybin Use.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2461997

David S Mathai, Daniel E Roberts, Sandeep M Nayak, Nathan D Sepeda, Amy Lehrner, Matthew W Johnson, Matthew X Lowe, Heather Jackson, Albert Garcia-Romeu

{"title":"Shame, Guilt and Psychedelic Experience: Results from a Prospective, Longitudinal Survey of Real-World Psilocybin Use.","authors":"David S Mathai, Daniel E Roberts, Sandeep M Nayak, Nathan D Sepeda, Amy Lehrner, Matthew W Johnson, Matthew X Lowe, Heather Jackson, Albert Garcia-Romeu","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2461997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2461997","url":null,"abstract":"The classic psychedelic psilocybin has attracted special interest across clinical and non-clinical settings as a potential tool for mental health. Despite increasing attention to challenging psychedelic experiences, few studies have explored the relevance of shame-related processes with psychedelic use. This prospective, longitudinal study involved sequential, automated, web-based surveys that collected data from 679 adults planning to use psilocybin in naturalistic settings at timepoints before and after psilocybin use. State and trait shame and feelings of guilt were collected using validated measures and assessed alongside other measurements of psychological health. Acute feelings of shame or guilt during psilocybin experiences were commonly reported (68.2% of users) and difficult to predict. Ratings of participant ability to constructively work through these feelings predicted wellbeing 2-4 weeks after psilocybin use. Psilocybin on average produced a small but significant decrease in trait shame that was maintained 2-3 months after use (Cohen's dz = 0.37). Trait shame increased in a notable minority of participants (29.8%). The activation of self-conscious emotions with psychedelics deserves further attention as a challenging experience subcategory that may be relevant to psychological outcomes. Such experiences could pose a unique and context-dependent learning condition for both therapeutic and detrimental forms of shame-related memory reconsolidation.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Approach Without Liking: The Effects of Smoking-Related Settings on Implicit Liking Attitudes and Approach Tendencies Toward Smoking.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2462004

Haide Chen, Enjin Zheng, Keying Lai, Boqiang Zhao, Tingting Wei, Lingfeng Gao, Weijian Li

{"title":"Approach Without Liking: The Effects of Smoking-Related Settings on Implicit Liking Attitudes and Approach Tendencies Toward Smoking.","authors":"Haide Chen, Enjin Zheng, Keying Lai, Boqiang Zhao, Tingting Wei, Lingfeng Gao, Weijian Li","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2462004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2462004","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about whether smokers consistently show implicit liking attitudes and approach tendencies toward smoking in various smoking-related settings. This study aimed to examine the effects of static object and dynamic action cues associated with cigarettes on the liking and approach components of implicit attitudes toward smoking. Three experiments were conducted using a modified paradigm of the Brief Implicit Association Test (BIAT). In each experiment, participants were required to complete both the liking-BIAT and approach-BIAT. Experiment 1 showed that smokers exhibited fewer negative attitudes and more approach tendencies toward smoking than nonsmokers. Experiment 2 showed that neither liking nor approach tendencies of implicit attitudes toward smoking differed significantly in smoking-related and neutral situations among smokers. Experiment 3 showed that smokers exhibited more approach tendencies toward smoking under dynamic action cues associated with cigarettes than that under static object cues, whereas implicit liking attitudes were not significantly different under these two settings. The present results suggested that the approach component of implicit attitudes was more sensitive to smoking-related settings, including cues of cigarette-offering action, than implicit liking attitudes, which increased the understanding of distinct activation mechanisms of different components of implicit attitudes toward smoking.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tripping into Treatment: Comparing Initial and Current Motivations for Psychedelic Use.

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2025.2461999

Daniel J Kruger, Jeff Albrecht, Jacob S Aday, Julie Barron, Moss Herberholz, Kevin F Boehnke

{"title":"Tripping into Treatment: Comparing Initial and Current Motivations for Psychedelic Use.","authors":"Daniel J Kruger, Jeff Albrecht, Jacob S Aday, Julie Barron, Moss Herberholz, Kevin F Boehnke","doi":"10.1080/02791072.2025.2461999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2025.2461999","url":null,"abstract":"Psychedelic drugs are currently being explored for their therapeutic potential for a variety of health conditions. The recent increased public interest in psychedelics necessitates empirical investigation into motivations for use among users as well as how motivations may change over time. We asked a large sample of participants reporting naturalistic psychedelic use (N = 1221) about their motivations for using psychedelics initially (i.e. their first time) as well as currently. We found that motivations for psychedelic use change substantially over time, with initial use typically for recreation or exploration, and later use more for therapeutic or personal growth reasons, including managing mental health conditions, growing spiritually, connecting with nature, improving creativity, and managing trauma. These results highlight the distinct and shifting motivations for engaging in psychedelic use. Although the study was limited by a retrospective design, it is the first to show that motivations for using psychedelics may change over time, with initial use focused on recreation and curiosity but subsequent use more motivated by self-improvement (e.g. enhancing relationships and health). Future prospective designs and qualitative interviews may aid in further elucidating the mechanisms underlying these shifts in motivations over time.","PeriodicalId":16902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychoactive drugs","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0