Journal of periodontology最新文献

{"title":"Angiogenic potential in periodontal stem cells from upper and lower jaw: A pilot study","authors":"Hanna Malyaran,&nbsp;Chloé Radermacher,&nbsp;Rogerio B. Craveiro,&nbsp;Mark P. Kühnel,&nbsp;Danny Jonigk,&nbsp;Michael Wolf,&nbsp;Sabine Neuss","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0070","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.24-0070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Teeth and supporting oral tissues are attractive and accessible sources of stem cells. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) are readily isolated from extracted third molars, and exhibit the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple mesodermal cell fates. Clinical experience suggests that the exact location of periodontal defects affects the oral bone remodeling and wound healing. Compared to the mandible, the maxilla heals quicker and more efficiently. Angiogenesis is key in tissue regeneration including dental tissues, yet few studies focus on the angiogenic potential of PDLSC, none of which considered the differences between upper and lower jaw PDLSC (u-PDLSC and l-PDLSC, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here we studied the angiogenic potential of u-PDLSC and l-PDLSC and compared the results to well-established mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Cells were characterized in terms of surface markers, proliferation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion, and angiogenic assays were performed. Newly formed capillaries were stained with CD31, and their expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 and 2 (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2) were measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Periodontal stem cells from the upper jaw showed a higher proliferation capacity, secreted more VEGF, and formed capillary networks faster and denser than l-PDLSC. Gene expression of angiogenesis-related genes was significantly higher in u-PDLSC than in l-PDLSC or MSC, given that culture conditions were suitable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The oral cavity is a valuable source of stem cells, particularly PDLSC, which are promising for oral tissue engineering due to their robust growth, lifelong accessibility, low immunogenicity, and strong differentiation potential. Notably, u-PDLSC exhibit higher VEGF secretion and accelerate capillary formation compared to l-PDLSC or MSC. This study suggests a potential molecular mechanism in capillary formation, emphasizing the significance of precise location isolation of PDLSC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.24-0070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140845953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation and tissue remodeling mediator expression during gingivitis: A comparison between experimental, naturally occurring gingivitis, and periodontal health","authors":"Yung‐Ting Hsu, Ana M. Chang, Diane Daubert, Frank Roberts, Dandan Chen, Harsh M. Trivedi, Juliana Gomez, Rich P. Darveau","doi":"10.1002/jper.23-0692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.23-0692","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe aim of this study is to evaluate the immune regulation and tissue remodeling responses during experimental gingivitis (EG) and naturally occurring gingivitis (NG) to provide a comprehensive analysis of host responses. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was obtained from 2 human studies conducted in university settings.MethodsThe EG study enrolling 26 volunteers provided controls for the baseline (Day 0) from healthy disease‐free participants, while Day 21 (the end of EG induction of the same group) was used to represent EG. Twenty‐six NG participants age‐matched with those of the EG group were recruited. GCF samples were analyzed for 39 mediators of inflammatory/immune responses and tissue remodeling using commercially available bead‐based multiplex immunoassays. The differences in GI and mediator expression among groups were determined at a 95% confidence level (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.05) by a 2‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post‐hoc Tukey's test.ResultsOur findings showed that EG had a greater gingival index than NG and was healthy (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 of all comparisons). Furthermore, EG showed significantly higher levels of MPO (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), CCL3 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), and IL‐1B (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) than NG. In contrast, NG had increased levels of MIF (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), Fractalkine (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), angiogenin (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), C3a (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), BMP‐2 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), OPN (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), RANKL (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), and MMP‐13 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) than EG.ConclusionsConsistent with the findings from chronic (NG) versus acute (EG) inflammatory lesions, these data reveal that NG displays greater immune regulation, angiogenesis, and bone remodeling compared to EG.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140845543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary microbiome and MRP‐8/14 levels in children with gingivitis, healthy children, and their mothers","authors":"Alice Blufstein, Natasa Pejcic, Kathrin Spettel, Bela Hausmann, David Seki, Tugba Ertekin, Julia Hinrichs‐Priller, Sarra Altner, Marion Nehr, Katrin Bekes, Athanasios Makristathis, Oleh Andrukhov","doi":"10.1002/jper.23-0632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.23-0632","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundGingivitis is the most common form of periodontal disease among children and adolescents and is associated with disrupted host–microbiome homeostasis. Family is an important factor influencing the prevalence of gingivitis. In the present study, we investigated the salivary microbiome, oral hygiene habits, and the salivary level of myeloid‐related protein (MRP)‐8/14 in children aged 7–12 years with gingivitis, periodontally healthy children, and their mothers.MethodsThis study included 24 children with gingivitis (including four sibling pairs) and 22 periodontally healthy children (including two sibling pairs) and their mothers. The whole saliva was collected, DNA was extracted, the variable V3–V4 region of the eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified, and sample library preparation was performed according to the Illumina protocol. The salivary levels of MRP‐8/14 were analyzed by ELISA.ResultsAlpha diversity of the salivary microbiome was considerably higher in gingivitis children and mothers of gingivitis children compared to healthy children and their mothers, respectively. Significant differences in beta diversity between healthy and gingivitis children, healthy children and their mothers, and gingivitis children and their mothers were detected. Overall, the number of common core amplicon sequence variants between children and their own mothers was significantly higher than between children and other mothers. The salivary MRP‐8/14 levels in children with gingivitis were significantly higher compared to healthy children; a similar tendency was also mentioned for mothers.ConclusionOur study underlines the importance of family as an essential factor influencing oral health.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140821138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy on C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and clinical outcomes in periodontitis patients: A 1-year randomized, controlled clinical trial","authors":"Gaetano Isola,&nbsp;Paolo Pesce,&nbsp;Alessandro Polizzi,&nbsp;Antonino Lo Giudice,&nbsp;Marco Cicciù,&nbsp;Frank A. Scannapieco","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0518","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0518","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Growing evidence suggests the type of periodontal treatment could differentially influence the reduction of key cardiovascular risk mediators in periodontitis patients. This randomized, controlled clinical trial compared the impact of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) with quadrant-wise subgingival instrumentation (Q-SI) on C-reactive protein (CRP) together with lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ (Lp-PLA₂) levels, and clinical periodontal outcomes in patients with periodontitis. Moreover, it was evaluated if baseline CRP levels impacted the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy protocols.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-two periodontitis patients were enrolled and randomly treated by means of MINST (<i>n</i> = 21) or Q-SI (<i>n</i> = 21). The outcomes assessed were serum CRP and Lp-PLA₂, and periodontal parameters (probing depth [PD], clinical attachment level [CAL], full-mouth bleeding score [FMBS]), at baseline and at follow-ups at 1, 3, and 6 months and at 1 year after treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At 1 year, MINST significantly reduced, among others, mean PD (<i>p</i> = 0.007), mean CAL (<i>p</i> = 0.007), the number of pockets &gt;4 mm (<i>p</i> = 0.011) and ≥6 mm (<i>p</i> = 0.005), and FMBS (<i>p</i> = 0.048) compared to Q-SI. Generalized multivariate analysis evidenced that high baseline CRP (<i>p</i> = 0.039) and FMBS (<i>p</i> = 0.046) levels, together with MINST treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.007) were significant predictors of PD reduction at 1-year follow-up. Moreover, the Jonckheere–Terpstra test showed that patients with high baseline CRP levels gained more benefits from MINST treatment at 1-year follow-up than they did from Q-SI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients receiving MINST showed a greater reduction in CRP levels than patients with Q-SI after 1 year of follow-up. Moreover, patients with high baseline levels of CRP and Lp-PLA₂ gained more benefits from the MINST approach at 1-year follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0518","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140820902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of intermittent fasting on periodontal inflammation and subgingival microbiota","authors":"Ronaldo Lira-Junior,&nbsp;Micheál Mac Aogáin,&nbsp;Eva Crncalo,&nbsp;Neda Rajamand Ekberg,&nbsp;Sanjay H. Chotirmall,&nbsp;Sven Pettersson,&nbsp;Anders Gustafsson,&nbsp;Kerstin Brismar,&nbsp;Nagihan Bostanci","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0676","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0676","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies on the impact of intermittent fasting on periodontal health are still scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of long-term intermittent fasting on periodontal health and the subgingival microbiota.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This pilot study was part of a nonrandomized controlled trial. Overweight/obese participants (<i>n</i> = 14) entered an intermittent fasting program, specifically the 5:2 diet, in which they restricted caloric intake to about a quarter of the normal total daily caloric expenditure for two nonconsecutive days/week. Subjects underwent a thorough clinical and laboratory examination, including an assessment of their periodontal condition, at baseline and 6 months after starting the diet. Additionally, subgingival microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 6 months of intermittent fasting, weight, body mass index, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and the cholesterol profile improved significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, significant reductions were observed in bleeding on probing (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and the presence of shallow periodontal pockets after fasting (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while no significant change was seen in plaque index (<i>p</i> = 0.14). While we did not observe significant changes in α- or β-diversity of the subgingival microbiota related to dietary intervention (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), significant differences were seen in the abundances of several taxa among individuals exhibiting ≥60% reduction (good responders) in probing pocket depth of 4–5 mm compared to those with &lt;60% reduction (bad responders).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intermittent fasting decreased systemic and periodontal inflammation. Although the subgingival microbiota was unaltered by this intervention, apparent taxonomic variability was observed between good and bad responders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0676","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140642599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient awareness of the association between periodontal and systemic diseases in an academic setting","authors":"William Carter, Tamanna Tiwari, Satheesh Elangovan, Lonnie Johnson, Karo Parsegian, Sangeetha Chandrasekaran","doi":"10.1002/jper.23-0635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.23-0635","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontal diseases (PD) have been increasingly associated with several systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to gain insight into patients’ awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140550364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of periodontitis with gastrointestinal tract disorders: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Yuqiang Wang,&nbsp;Jiakang Zhu,&nbsp;Ying Tang,&nbsp;Cui Huang","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0560","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0560","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bidirectional link of periodontitis (PD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders has been investigated in previous epidemiological studies; however, the conclusions still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the bidirectional causal effect between PD and various GIT diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was undertaken. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD or GIT disorders (chronic gastritis [CG], gastric ulcer [GU], duodenal ulcer [DU], gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], and diverticular disease of the intestine [DI]) in GWASs were applied as exposure. The primary method employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and several sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate potential pleiotropy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With regard to the investigation of the causality between PD and GIT disorders, the IVW method revealed that there is a causal impact of PD on GU (odds ratio [OR] 1.088; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.036–1.141; adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.004) and DI (OR 0.938; 95% CI, 0.911–0.965; adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.000). However, no significant genetic liability was observed for the causal effect of PD on CG, DU, GERD, and IBS. Furthermore, the primary analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of GIT disorders on PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This MR study suggests that PD may be associated with an increased risk of GU and a reduced risk of DI, with possibly limited clinical relevance. Further studies are needed to support the conclusions of this MR study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine application versus articaine injection anesthesia after nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Christof Dörfer,&nbsp;Kathrin Chmiela,&nbsp;Nicole B. Arweiler,&nbsp;Gregor J. Petersilka,&nbsp;Henrik Dommisch,&nbsp;Ralph Heckel,&nbsp;Maren Kahl,&nbsp;Denica Kuzmanova,&nbsp;Peter Purucker,&nbsp;Claudia Springer","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0466","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0466","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine gel anesthesia with articaine injection anesthesia in patients with moderate periodontitis undergoing scaling and root debridement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-one patients completed this randomized multicenter split-mouth controlled study and underwent two separate periodontal treatment sessions on different days, one with a topical intrapocket lidocaine gel application and the other with an articaine injection anesthesia in a different order depending on randomization. Parameters measured were the patients’ preference for topical lidocaine gel anesthesia or injection anesthesia with articaine (primary efficacy criterion), their maximum and average pain, and their intensity of numbness as well as experience of side effects; the probing depth; and the dentists’ preference and their evaluations of handling/application, onset and duration of anesthetic effect, and patient compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After having experienced both alternatives, 58.3% of the patients preferred the topical lidocaine gel instillation into the periodontal pockets. The safety profile of the lidocaine gel differed positively from the safety profile of articaine injection in type and frequency of adverse drug reactions. The dentistsʼ acceptance and preference regarding either anesthetic method studied were balanced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Instillation of lidocaine gel into the periodontal pocket is a preferred alternative to injection anesthesia for most of the patients and an equivalent alternative for dentists in nonsurgical periodontal therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MyD88 exacerbates inflammation-induced bone loss by modulating dynamic equilibrium between Th17/Treg cells and subgingival microbiota dysbiosis","authors":"Po-Yan Hsiao,&nbsp;Ren-Yeong Huang,&nbsp;Lin-Wei Huang,&nbsp;Ching-Liang Chu,&nbsp;Thomas Van Dyke,&nbsp;Lian-Ping Mau,&nbsp;Chia-Dan Cheng,&nbsp;Cheng-En Sung,&nbsp;Pei-Wei Weng,&nbsp;Yu-Chiao Wu,&nbsp;Yi-Shing Shieh,&nbsp;Wan-Chien Cheng","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0561","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0561","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the contribution of myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on the differentiation of T helper type 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and the emerging subgingival microbiota dysbiosis in <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>-induced experimental periodontitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alveolar bone loss, infiltrated inflammatory cells, immunostained cells for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were quantified by microcomputerized tomography and histological staining between age- and sex-matched homozygous littermates (wild-type [WT, <i>Myd88^+/+</i>] and <i>Myd88^−/−</i> on C57BL/6 background). The frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells in cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) and spleen were determined by flow cytometry. Cytokine expression in gingival tissues, CLNs, and spleens were studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Analysis of the composition of the subgingival microbiome and functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa (FAPROTAX) analysis were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>P. gingivalis</i>-infected <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice showed alleviated bone loss, TRAP⁺ osteoclasts, and RANKL/OPG ratio compared to WT mice. A significantly higher percentage of Foxp3⁺CD4⁺ T cells in infected <i>Myd88^−/−</i> CLNs and a higher frequency of RORγt⁺CD4⁺ T cells in infected WT mice was noted. Increased <i>IL-10</i> and <i>IL-17a</i> expressions in gingival tissue at D14–D28 then declined in WT mice, whereas an opposite pattern was observed in <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice. The <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice exhibited characteristic increases in gram-positive species and species having probiotic properties, while gram-negative, anaerobic species were noted in WT mice. FAPROTAX analysis revealed increased aerobic chemoheterotrophy in <i>Myd88^−/−</i> mice, whereas anaerobic chemoheterotrophy was noted in WT mice after <i>P. gingivalis</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MyD88 plays an important role in inflammation-induced bone loss by modulating the dynamic equilibrium between Th17/Treg cells and dysbiosis in <i>P. gingivalis</i>-induced experimental periodontitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial","authors":"Min Nie,&nbsp;Peien Huang,&nbsp;Peiyao Peng,&nbsp;Daonan Shen,&nbsp;Lei Zhao,&nbsp;Duan Jiang,&nbsp;Yuqin Shen,&nbsp;Lai Wei,&nbsp;Paul W. Bible,&nbsp;Jingmei Yang,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Yafei Wu","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0195","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen patients were included in this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm in combination with bleeding on probing in different quadrants were randomized into the control group, the group with a single PDT application right after SRP, and the group with three repeated PDT applications 1 week after SRP. The subgingival plaque was collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing at baseline, Week 2, and Week 8.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen patients with 60 sites completed this 8-week follow-up, and 157 subgingival plaques were successfully analyzed by sequencing. Significant improvements were observed in two primary outcomes: PPD at Week 8 and subgingival microbial composition. Compared to the control group, the repeated-PDT group showed a notable improvement in PPD, substantial alterations in the microbial profile, including a reduction in <i>α</i>-diversity and anaerobic bacteria, and an increase in aerobic bacteria at Week 2. Secondary outcomes, such as clinical attachment level and sulcus bleeding index, also showed improvement at Week 8. Furthermore, both the single- and repeated-PDT groups exhibited a decrease in periodontopathogens and an increase in beneficial bacteria compared with baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PDT promotes changes in the microbial composition of periodontitis patients’ subgingival plaque in a direction favorable to periodontal health, and repeated PDT is a promising adjunctive therapy for periodontal treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140158371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}