Journal of periodontology最新文献

{"title":"Metformin reverses periodontal destruction caused by experimental periodontitis by inhibiting interleukin-1β activity.","authors":"Zhao Wang, Ju Han Song, Jung-Woo Kim, Seung-Hee Kwon, Xianyu Piao, Sin-Hye Oh, Suk-Gyun Park, Sun-Hun Kim, Je-Hwang Ryu, Ok-Su Kim, Jeong-Tae Koh","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis is a destructive disease that affects periodontal tissue. While current research focuses on disease management, research on tissue repair remains limited. Metformin, a first-line medication for diabetes treatment, has positive effects on bone health in nondiabetic patients. However, its potential for repairing periodontal tissue remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the reparative effects of metformin on periodontitis-damaged periodontal tissue in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mouse model of periodontal repair was used, in which silk ligatures were removed from the molars after inducing periodontitis, followed by metformin administration. Histomorphometric and histological analyses were conducted to assess comprehensive repair of the periodontium. Additional in vitro studies were conducted to determine the effect of metformin on the function of the individual cells that comprise the periodontium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metformin treatment promoted the repair of periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum affected by periodontitis, as evaluated using microcomputed tomography based morphometric and histologic analyses. The therapeutic effect was linked to mitigating persistent inflammatory activity during periodontitis resolution, primarily attributed to the sustained presence of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which may delay tissue repair. In vitro studies simulating this pathological condition showed that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation by metformin counteracted the effect of IL-1β, inhibited osteoclast differentiation and restored the osteogenic differentiation capacity of periodontal ligament cells and cementoblasts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that metformin holds promise for repairing periodontal tissue following periodontitis, potentially through modulating inflammatory responses and regulating cellular differentiation processes.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that destroys the structures that support the teeth, such as ligaments and bone. While current treatments focus on preventing further damage, little progress has been made in achieving complete restoration of damaged tissue. In this study, we investigated whether metformin, a common diabetes drug, could help repair periodontal tissue. Using a mouse model of periodontitis, we removed ligatures placed around the teeth to allow healing, followed by metformin treatment. Our results showed that metformin promoted the repair of key tissues such as the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum. An important observation in this study is the persistence of inflammatory activity during periodontitis resolution, where prolonged inflammation, driven by molecules such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), appears to hinder tissue recovery. Metformin was found to counteract prolonged inflammation by reducing IL-1β acti","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of four bone substitute types in sinus augmentation with perforated Schneiderian membrane: An experimental study.","authors":"Jung-Tae Lee, Seok Hyun Lee, Baek Sun Choi, Sungtae Kim","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Collagenated bovine bone mineral (CBBM) is used for maxillary sinus elevation-based augmentation. We compared collagen degradation in cross-linked (CL) CBBM and non-cross-linked (NCL) CBBM (in vitro) and preclinical results in CBBM-CL, CBBM-NCL, deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), and DBBM with fibrin sealant grafts (in vivo) after repair of perforated Schneiderian membrane (SM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Collagenase-based degradation rates of CBBM-CL and CBBM-NCL were compared in vitro and in vivo (CBBM-CL, CBBM-NCL, DBBM, and DBBM with fibrin glue; n = 12 defects per group). After bilateral maxillary SM perforation (5 mm) during sinus elevation, we performed bone substitute-based augmentation. At 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively, volumetric, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete degradation and 33% retention of collagen content after 24 and 72 h were noted in CBBM-NCL and CBBM-CL, respectively. CBBM-NCL demonstrated significant differences in total augmentation volume (TAV) compared to DBBM and DBBM with fibrin glue, as well as in new bone volume (NBV) compared to DBBM with fibrin glue. At 12 weeks, significant differences were observed between CBBM-NCL and DBBM in NBV. There were no significant differences across all groups in vertical bone increase in 4 and 12 weeks. DBBM and DBBM with fibrin glue showed more irregularly shaped patterns than CBBM-CL and CBBM-NCL. At 12 weeks, ossification progressed in all groups. At 4 weeks, DBBM with fibrin glue seemed to demonstrate early ossification at the perforation site in histological observations compared to DBBM alone; however, no differences were observed at 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CBBM for perforated SM repair confers bone stability and ossification. CBBM-CL was noninferior to CBBM-NCL in volume stability. The findings indicate that the CL collagen in CBBM-CL contributes to enhanced graft stability over time. Fibrin glue appeared to have a positive effect on early ossification in histological evaluations, but this effect was not evident at 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Collagenated bovine bone mineral (CBBM) is used for maxillary sinus elevation-based augmentation. We compared collagen degradation in cross-linked (CL) CBBM and non-cross-linked (NCL) CBBM (in vitro) and preclinical results in CBBM-CL, CBBM-NCL, deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), and DBBM with fibrin sealant (in vivo) after repair of perforated Schneiderian membrane (SM). After bilateral maxillary SM perforation (5 mm) during sinus elevation, we performed bone substitute-based augmentation. At 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively, volumetric, histologic, as well as histomorphometric analyses were performed. Based on this study, CL collagen in CBBM-CL contributes to enhanced graft stability over time. Fibrin glue appeared to have a positive effect on early ossification in histologic","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate postoperative anesthesia with either lidocaine or bupivacaine: A short-term clinical response.","authors":"Jessica D Koster, David E Deas, Archontia Palaiologou, David J Lasho, Anibal Diogenes","doi":"10.1002/JPER.25-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.25-0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this randomized, three-armed clinical trial is to determine if a postoperative injection of 0.5% bupivacaine is more effective than 2% lidocaine in controlling pain after periodontal flap surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-six patients planned for similar periodontal surgeries were included. Prior to surgery, patients were randomized to receive one cartridge (1.7 mL) of either 2% lidocaine, 0.5% bupivacaine, or 0.9% sodium chloride as a local injection immediately postoperatively. A standardized regimen of 600 mg ibuprofen and 325 mg acetaminophen was used to manage postoperative pain. Patients recorded pain levels on a 21-point numerical rating scale (NRS-21) as well as analgesic usage via a phone application at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h, postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While NRS-21 data suggested a consistent trend toward decreased pain with both bupivacaine and lidocaine administration compared with placebo, there were no statistically significant differences in pain response or analgesic usage at any time between the three groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed no statistically significant differences in pain or analgesic usage after periodontal flap surgery following postoperative injections with either bupivacaine, lidocaine, or placebo.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Long-acting local anesthetic, notably bupivacaine, has been given immediately following dental procedures to reduce the amount of postoperative pain and discomfort. This study aimed to study the immediate effects of bupivacaine compared with a shorter acting local anesthetic (lidocaine) and a placebo (0.9% sodium chloride). Seventy-six patients underwent various dental surgeries where reflection of the soft tissue was performed. At the conclusion of surgery, patients were randomized into one of the three groups and the appropriate blinded cartridge of bupivacaine, lidocaine, or placebo was injected into the surgical site. Patients reported their pain on a numeric rating scale from 0-10 (NRS-21) as well as the number of pain medications taken via a phone application at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h after the surgery. Demographic and secondary variables such as amount of anesthetic given and length of surgery were also collected. While NRS-21 data suggested a consistent trend toward decreased pain with both bupivacaine and lidocaine administration compared with placebo, there were no significant differences in pain response or pain medication usage at any time between the three groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taurine levels in periodontitis: A pilot study.","authors":"Mehmet Fatih Dönmez, Nur Balci, Aslı Ergene Sunkar, Hilal Toygar, Alpdoğan Kantarcı","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the supporting structures of the teeth. It is closely associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Taurine, a semi-essential amino acid recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has not been extensively investigated in the context of periodontitis. This pilot study sought to evaluate the levels of taurine and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of individuals with periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systemically healthy participants with periodontitis and periodontally healthy individuals were enrolled. GCF samples were collected, and clinical periodontal parameters such as bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), and probing depth (PD) were documented. The levels of taurine, TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-16 in the GCF were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This case-control pilot study included 40 individuals, divided into 2 groups: 20 periodontally healthy individuals and 20 with stage III, grade B generalized periodontitis. The periodontitis group exhibited significantly higher clinical periodontal parameters than the healthy group (p < 0.05). Taurine levels in GCF were significantly lower, while TNF-α levels were higher in the periodontitis group (p < 0.05). No significant differences between groups were found in IL-6 and IL-1β levels (p > 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was observed between BOP and TNF-α levels (r = 0.581, p = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicated increased taurine levels were associated with periodontal health.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Periodontitis is a serious disease of the gums that can lead to the loss of teeth by destruction of the supporting tissues. This study investigated the potential link between taurine, a naturally occurring compound with anti-inflammatory properties, and periodontitis. We measured levels of taurine and inflammation-related proteins in gum fluid from individuals with healthy gums and those with periodontitis. Subjects with periodontitis had lower levels of taurine and higher levels of the inflammatory protein TNF-α compared to individuals with healthy gums, suggesting that taurine could be involved in the inflammation processes of periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prior chronic periodontitis is associated with chronic rhinosinusitis: A population-based case-control study.","authors":"Tzong-Hann Yang, Yen-Fu Cheng, Herng-Ching Lin, Chin-Shyan Chen","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0744","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic periodontitis (CP) are prevalent inflammatory conditions with significant impacts on health. Previous research has suggested a potential link between these diseases, primarily through odontogenic sources, but comprehensive population-based studies are scarce. This study aimed to explore the association of CRS with prior CP.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We performed a case-control study using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, encompassing a group of 52,733 individuals diagnosed with CRS and 158,199 matched controls without CRS. The study identified patients with pre-existing CP using International Classification of Diseases codes, examining their prevalence before the index date of CRS diagnosis, comparing against matched controls without CRS. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and health variables assessed the association between CRS and CP.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our analysis indicated a significantly higher prevalence of CP among patients with CRS in comparison with controls (30.49% vs. 22.14%; p &lt; 0.001). The adjusted odds ratio for having CP before the diagnosis of CRS was 1.550 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.516-1.584], suggesting a moderate association between these conditions. This association was consistent across gender-specific analyses. Of the male sampled patients, the adjusted odds ratio of prior CP for patients with CRS was 1.622 (95% CI = 1.571-1.675) than controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study underscores a significant association between CRS and prior CP, suggesting that periodontal health might influence or exacerbate the pathogenesis of sinusitis. The findings advocate for integrated approaches in managing patients with CRS, emphasizing the importance of periodontal health assessments as part of the clinical management of CRS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plain language summary: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to explore the association of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with prior chronic periodontitis (CP). We performed a case-control study using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, encompassing a group of 52,733 individuals diagnosed with CRS and 158,199 matched controls without CRS. Our analysis indicated a significantly higher prevalence of prior CP among patients with CRS in comparison with controls (30.49% vs. 22.14%; p &lt; 0.001). The adjusted odds ratio for having CP before the diagnosis of CRS was 1.550 (95% CI = 1.516-1.584), suggesting a moderate association between these conditions. This association was consistent across gender-specific analyses. Of the male sampled patients, the adjusted odds ratio of prior CP for patients with CRS was 1.622 (95% CI = 1.571-1.675) than controls. This study underscores a significant association between CRS and prior CP, suggesting that periodontal health might influence or exacerbate the pathogenesis of sinusitis. The findings advocate for integrat","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri-implantitis reconstructive treatment implementing a titanium brush: 5-year extension results from a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Beatriz de Tapia, Tiago Ribeiro-Amaral, Carolina Mor, José Nart, Cristina Valles","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0673","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Peri-implantitis has become an important health issue in implant dentistry in the past years. Despite the magnitude of this problem and the potential grave consequences, the predictability and long-term stability of its treatment is still a matter of controversy. The aim of this study was to assess clinical and radiographic results 5 years after the peri-implantitis reconstructive treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A 5-year follow-up observational study was carried out on patients who had been included in a previous randomized clinical study evaluating the effectiveness of a titanium brush in the peri-implantitis reconstructive treatment. The reconstruction was carried out by means of an alloplastic graft and a collagen membrane. The primary outcome was the reduction in probing pocket depth at the deepest site (PDd).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 17 patients were available for evaluation. An overall reduction of 2.86 mm (SD 2.27) and 4.10 mm (SD 1.79) in PDd was noted for control and test group, which means an increase of 0.14 mm (SD 1.07) and 1.30 mm (SD 1.77) from data reported at 12 months (p = 0.159), respectively. A lower bleeding index and daily use of interdental brushes were significantly associated with lower probing depth (PD) values. There was bone loss in both groups of less than 0.5 mm, and radiographic bone fill represented 32.77% (SD 48.18) and 54.91% (SD 51.49) of the initial defect in the control and test group.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Although with a slight progression, PD reduction can be maintained after the reconstructive treatment around dental implants 5 years after treatment. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03512730).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plain language summary: &lt;/strong&gt;Treatment of peri-implantitis, specifically reconstructive surgical treatment has been widely investigated. Nevertheless, the paucity of long-term studies reporting on the adjunctive use of a titanium brush in the reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis underscores the need for further research to validate its effectiveness and long-term benefits. To assess outcomes, stability, and real added benefit of this tool, long term results are of substantial value. Moreover, long-term studies assessing outcomes after reconstructive treatment in peri-implantitis lesions are specially needed taking into account their scarceness in the scientific literature. Five years post-treatment, peri-implantitis reconstructive therapy with a titanium brush showed significant PD reductions (2.86 mm in control, 4.10 mm in test group) and minor bone loss (&lt; 0.5 mm); however, no significant differences were found between groups. Radiographic bone fill was 32.77% in the control group and 54.91% in the test group. Lower bleeding index and daily interdental brush use correlated with better outcomes, indicating sustained improvements. Based on the study's findings, incorporating a titanium brush in the re","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental-implant inflamed surface area: A quantification and simulation study.","authors":"Yumeng Yan, Praveen Sharma, Jeanie Suvan, Carlota Blanco, Antonio Linares, Yago Leira, Juan Blanco, Francesco D'Aiuto","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0320","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Peri-implantitis is an oral inflammatory disease with increased incidence across the population as linked to the wide use of dental implants to replace missing teeth. While the recent World Workshop Classifications provided a framework for clinicians to diagnose and assess the severity of peri-implantitis, an objective assessment of the mucosal inflammatory burden around the dental implant is still lacking. Based on the periodontal epithelium surface area (PESA) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) scores previously reported, a study was conducted to explore a similar approach for peri-implant inflammatory surface quantification. The aim of this study was to develop two novel scores of peri-implant mucosal inflammation and their clinical application to help with the quantification of the dental-implant inflamed surface area (DISA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Formulas were created to quantify the dental-implant surface area (DESA), and then DESA of both tapered and cylinder implants was compared based on a dataset that included probing pocket depth, mucosal recession, and implant morphology parameters. The DISA was subsequently calculated using the epithelial/connective tissue areas multiplied by the proportion of bleeding on probing sites around the implant. The new scores were applied and validated using clinical cases of peri-implantitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Firstly, a total of 10,000 dental implants were included in a simulation study to evaluate the performance of the new scores. Under-estimation of the real surface areas around dental implants was less than 2% when using the DESA score for cylinder and tapered dental implants (universal formula is presented). The DISA score was created in the simulations and then applied to 21 participants suffering from peri-implantitis. DESA scores ranged from 54.24 to 400.29 mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, and the DISA scores ranged from 36.76 to 400.29 mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Two novel scores (DESA and DISA) to estimate the peri-implant surface area in health and disease were proposed and applied to clinical cases. The inflammatory surface caused by peri-implantitis could be quantified by DISA with good precision. Future steps could include microbiome assessments and investigation of the association of these scores with the host response and general health status of patients with peri-implantitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plain language summary: &lt;/strong&gt;Peri-implantitis is a common gum disease surrounding dental implants. Although recent guidelines help diagnose it, there's still no clear way to measure the inflammation surface area around implants. We developed formulas to calculate the dental-implant surface area (DESA) and compared them for different implant shapes using data on pocket depth, gum recession, and implant type. We then calculated the dental-implant inflamed surface area (DISA) by multiplying the tissue area around the implant by ","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of peri-implantitis with diode laser or mucosal flap surgery: A clinical randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Sebastian Malmqvist, Talat Qadri, Ronaldo Lira-Junior, Elisabeth A Boström, Anders Gustafsson, Georgios N Belibasakis, Angelika Silbereisen, Gunnar Johannsen, Annsofi Johannsen","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0683","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Peri-implantitis poses a major challenge as contemporary nonsurgical treatments show dissatisfactory results and mucosal flap surgery is often needed. Diode lasers can remove granulation tissue and submucosal bacteria, and if it achieves similar clinical results, then it could be used as a less invasive first approach. The aim was to compare the healing of peri-implantitis lesions 6 months after treatment with either diode laser or conventional mucosal flap surgery.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this clinical randomized controlled trial, 26 patients with peri-implantitis were treated with either 970 nm diode laser (1.2 W, continuous wave) or mucosal flap surgery. Clinical variables, marginal bone level (MBL), inflammatory biomarkers, and submucosal pathogens were examined at baseline and 6 months after treatment. Patients graded their pain and discomfort at baseline, directly after treatment, after first week of healing (FWH), and after 6 months. The continued need of care was also noted after 6 months.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Equivalence was not shown between treatments in probing pocket depth (PPD) and MBL. Only plaque index (PI) showed significant changes between groups (p = 0.023). There was a significant difference between surgery (-1.81 ± 0.94 mm) and laser (-0.83 ± 0.40 mm), among those that improved their PPD (p = 0.016). Pain and discomfort were rated low in both groups. Negligible differences were found regarding immunological markers and submucosal bacteria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The proportion of patients with improved clinical outcomes was similar between the 2 treatment groups, albeit surgical treatment yielded greater pocket reduction. No differences were found in immunological or microbial outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plain language summary: &lt;/strong&gt;Replacing missing teeth with dental implants has become a popular treatment as it is a fixed solution compared to removable dentures. In some cases, the tissue surrounding the dental implant becomes inflected, which can lead to a breakdown of the bone in which the implant is attached; this disease is called peri-implantitis. Treating peri-implantitis has proven to be difficult. Few studies have previously investigated the treatment of peri-implantitis with infra-red laser. The goal was to compare if the healing of the peri-implantitis disease after treatment was comparable between infrared diode laser and conventional surgery, with emphasis on the patients' experiences. The healing was evaluated with clinical examination and assessment of surrounding bone on X-rays, as well as immune response and bacterial samples. We could not statistically confirm that the two treatments were equal in healing outcomes, but they had similar numbers of successful and unsuccessful healing patterns after six months. The surgery had some clinical advantages in the severe cases of peri-implantitis and the laser resulted in less discomfort during the fi","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between periodontitis severity and prostate‐specific antigen levels using the NHANES data","authors":"Muhammad H. A. Saleh, Khushboo Kalani, Hamoun Sabri, Shahad Alhazmi, Deepthy Nair, Todd M. Morgan, Hom‐Lay Wang, Ann M. Decker","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0561","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundPeriodontitis has been linked to various systemic health conditions. This study investigated whether the association between periodontitis and prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) is direct or mediated through intermediary systemic diseases.MethodsThree data cycles (2001–2002, 2003–2004, and 2009–2010) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) comprising 12,874 subjects were included, and 3020 male participants were analyzed for demographic information, periodontal health indicators, systemic conditions, PSA, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels. The severity of periodontitis was assessed based on tooth loss, the 2012 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) severity, the 2017 European Federation of Periodontology (EFP)/AAP Workshop stage, and a composite outcome of stage and open pocket percentage. Multilevel stepwise regression analysis examined the association between periodontitis severity (expressed by staging and open pocket percentage) and total PSA levels. Mediation analysis explored potential mediators affecting PSA levels, such as calcium (Ca) levels, osteoporosis, arthritis, and CRP. Logistic regression models were also used to assess the likelihood of elevated PSA levels based on different thresholds (&gt;2 ng/mL, &gt;2.5 ng/mL, &gt;4 ng/mL). Additionally, the data from a complete follow‐up survey of 58 patients from the 2003–2004 cycle were included in the analysis.ResultsThe study revealed a marginal association between the composite outcome and total PSA levels (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05). However, logistic regression failed to establish significant associations between periodontitis indicators and elevated PSA levels. Mediation analysis demonstrated that Ca levels, osteoporosis, arthritis, and CRP did not significantly mediate this relationship. The follow‐up revealed that edentulous patients were more likely to require additional prostate therapy.ConclusionThere is a marginal association between periodontitis severity and total PSA levels with no significant mediation through factors such as Ca levels, osteoporosis, arthritis, or CRP. Longitudinally, edentulous patients were more likely to require more invasive prostate therapy in the future.Plain language summaryPeriodontitis is an inflammatory condition known to be associated with systemic health. This study aimed to investigate a potential association between periodontitis and prostate cancer, focusing on levels of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), a marker used in prostate cancer screening. Age, race, periodontitis severity, and open pocket percentage were significantly associated with total PSA levels. However, this increase did not significantly correlate with the defined PSA cutoff points of 2, 2.5, and 4. Additionally, calcium levels, osteoporosis, arthritis, and C‐reactive protein levels as potential mediators did not significantly impact this relationship. Moreover, edentulous pati","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gingival crevicular fluid during experimental gingivitis: A review of immune and tissue regulation","authors":"Yung‐Ting Hsu, Hsin‐Lin Lee, Brian Wen, Diane Daubert, Richard Darveau","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0715","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThis systematic review summarized the features of human experimental gingivitis (EG) in terms of immune responses and tissue remodeling in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).MethodsSystematic searches were conducted to screen the literature published from January 1960 to June 2024 from MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science. The selected studies were prospective trials evaluating the immune responses and tissue remodeling mediators in GCF before and after EG via oral hygiene refrain. Evidence quality and risk of bias were assessed.ResultsThirty studies with 594 volunteers met the inclusion criteria, analyzing 74 clinical parameters and biomarkers in GCF samples. Consistent with EG induction, the EG sites showed an increase in plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) (an indicator of neutrophil migration). In addition, the expression levels of interleukin (IL)‐1α and IL‐1β were increased, also consistent with the previous literature investigating active lesions of periodontal inflammation during gingivitis. However, the expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1 β, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1, CCL2, and fractalkine/CX3CL1 decreased among EG in multiple studies demonstrating an EG effect on recruitment and cellular communication of mononuclear cells. In contrast, the levels of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and anti‐inflammatory cytokines showed insignificant changes during EG induction. Aging, stress level, and the diabetes status of the volunteer populations affected the outcomes.ConclusionsThe features of acute inflammatory lesions of EG with limited tissue destruction showcase that it is a valuable tool to investigate the initial immune responses on gingival tissue against bacterial challenges.Plain Language SummaryThis review examined how human experimental gingivitis (EG) affects immune responses and tissue changes in the fluid around the gums. Researchers analyzed studies published from 1960 to 2024, focusing on those that looked at immune responses and tissue changes in gum fluid before and after participants stopped brushing their teeth to induce EG. The review included 30 studies with 594 participants, exploring various health markers in gum fluid. When EG was induced, areas of the gums showed increased plaque and markers of inflammation, indicating an inflammatory response. Specifically, two inflammatory proteins (interleukin [IL]‐1α and IL‐1β) were found in greater expression, which aligns with what previous research has shown in gum disease. However, levels of certain proteins that help attract monocytes and macrophages decreased, suggesting changes in how these cells communicate during EG. Additionally, the levels of growth factors and anti‐inflammatory substances did not change significantly. Factors such as age, stress, and diabetes also influenced the outcomes. These findings help us understand early immune responses in g","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}