Journal of periodontology最新文献

{"title":"Mediating role of immune cells in association between volatile organic compounds and periodontitis: NHANES 2011–2014","authors":"Wenxiu Jiang, Wei Wu, Kejia Zhang, Luwei Liu, Bin Yan","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0150","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe relationship between humans and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a persistent concern due to their widespread sources and high evaporation rates. However, there is currently limited direct evidence linking VOC exposure to the development of periodontitis.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analyzed 1525 participants and 21 urinary VOCs in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014, aiming to investigate the relationship between periodontitis risk, assessed by attachment loss (AL) and probing depth (PD) and individual VOCs using logistic regression, quantile regression, and subgroup analysis. Weighted quantile sum analysis (WQS) and subgroup analysis were utilized to evaluate whether VOC mixtures were associated with periodontitis risk. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the association between VOC co‐exposure and peripheral immune cell counts. A mediation analysis was performed to evaluate whether peripheral immune cells are involved in the effect of VOC co‐exposure on periodontitis prevalence.ResultsUrinary levels of 2‐aminothiazoline‐4‐carboxylic acid, mandelic acid, and <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>‐acetyl‐S‐(4‐hydroxy‐2‐butenyl)‐L‐cysteine were positively associated with the risk of periodontitis after adjusting for all covariates. The WQS models demonstrated a positive correlation between the mixture of VOCs and the risk of periodontitis, wherein 2‐aminothiazoline‐4‐carboxylic acid emerged as the most important contributor. The mediation analysis suggested that monocytes may play a role in the observed association between VOC co‐exposure and the prevalence of periodontitis.ConclusionsExposure to VOCs is associated with a greater prevalence of periodontitis. Monocytes' mediating role plays a crucial function in the association between the risk of periodontitis and co‐exposure to VOCs.Plain language summaryVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are chemicals that evaporate quickly and are found all around us—from paints to cleaning products. Understanding how these compounds affect our health is crucial, especially regarding conditions like periodontitis, a common oral chronic inflammatory disease. In our study, we looked at urine samples from 1525 people who participated in a national health survey between 2011 and 2014 to find out if there is an association between VOC exposure and the risk of developing periodontitis. We found that certain chemicals in the urine, which show VOC exposure, were indeed associated with a greater risk of the disease. We further investigated the collective impact of these VOCs on the risk of periodontitis, revealing that certain chemicals exert a more significant influence than their counterparts. Additionally, our research hints at a potential role for monocytes in the interplay between VOCs and the risk of periodontitis. Our data suggest that exposure to VOCs could be associated with a greater likelihood of periodontitis, with monocytes potentia","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of periodontal disease on the reproductive performance and offspring of Wistar rats.","authors":"Aline Campos Zeffa, Camila Salvador Sestario, Solange de Paula Ramos, Avacir Casanova Andrello, Andréa Name Colado Simão, Maria José Sparça Salles","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis can induce systemic inflammation, and it may affect the testicles and male reproductive performance. This study investigated the effects of periodontitis on the testicles, reproductive performance, and offspring development in male rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Wistar rats were induced with periodontitis by ligating their first molars. After 14 days of inducing periodontal lesions, the animals were observed for an additional 54 days, corresponding to a complete cycle of spermatogenesis. Rats from the periodontitis group (GP, n = 12) and the control group (GC, n = 12) were paired with healthy females (n = 48) for 10 days, equivalent to 2 estrous cycles. Post-mating, the males underwent microtomographic, histological, and reproductive parameter assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microtomographic analysis revealed higher porosity around the first molar in GP (26 ± 6%) and greater distance between the amelocemental junction and the alveolar bone (1.37 [1.12-1.90] mm), indicative of bone resorption. GP also exhibited significant decreases in final body weight, reduced Sertoli and Leydig cell counts, and lowered testosterone levels compared to GC. Significant morphological alterations in sperm tails were observed in GP compared to GC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Periodontitis adversely affected reproductive performance, evoking, and offspring development in male rats. These findings highlight the systemic impacts of periodontal disease on male reproductive health in an animal model.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Our study investigated how periodontitis can affect male reproductive health in rats and offspring development. We induced periodontitis in male rats and, after a full cycle of sperm production, these rats were mated with healthy females. We observed that the rats with periodontitis had worse reproductive performance compared to the control group without periodontitis. Additionally, the offspring of the rats with periodontitis showed signs of compromised intrauterine development and a higher incidence of congenital malformations. These results highlight that the inflammation caused by periodontitis can have adverse effects beyond the mouth, significantly impacting male reproductive health and offspring development. These findings suggest the need for further research into the clinical implications of periodontitis on reproductive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of fibulin‐3 ameliorates periodontal inflammation through reducing M1 macrophage polarization via EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway","authors":"Hailin Mu, Beining Yang, Yan Wang, Shuo Wang, Wenqian Yu, Meie Jia, Wei Dong, Xinyi Wang, Xiaoxiao Xu, Zhipeng Dong, Baochen Yang, Xuemei Li, Jiawei Wang","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0405","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the role of fibulin‐3 (FBLN3) in macrophage polarization, its mechanism, and its effect on periodontitis.MethodsWe conducted studies on periodontitis using both clinical samples and ligature‐induced mouse periodontitis model. The inflammatory state was assessed using microcomputed tomography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence staining. In vitro, bone marrow‐derived macrophages, and RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin (IL)‐4 to induce polarization. The role of FBLN3 in macrophage polarization was investigated using overexpression plasmids or siRNAs. Furthermore, local injection of adeno‐associated virus was employed to suppress FBLN3 expression in periodontal tissues.ResultsFBLN3 levels were greater in periodontitis tissues. FBLN3 promoted M1 polarization and suppressed M2 polarization in macrophages. The overexpression of FBLN3 promoted M1 polarization via the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, an effect that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor PD153035 reversed. Suppressing FBLN3 expression improved periodontal inflammation and reduced alveolar bone loss in periodontitis.ConclusionsFBLN3 suppression can mitigate periodontitis by decreasing the M1 macrophage ratio. FBLN3 regulates M1 macrophage polarization through the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Plain language summaryDisruption in the collaboration between extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune system is a significant pathology in periodontitis. Macrophages are a crucial part of the immune system and have unique functions, such as polarization. Fibulin‐3, an ECM protein, may play a vital role in this dynamic interplay. Fibulin‐3 expression is elevated in periodontitis and is closely related to immune cell function. Inhibiting fibulin‐3 can alleviate periodontitis by reducing infiltration of immune cells and M1 macrophage ratio. Furthermore, fibulin‐3 promoted macrophage M1 polarization by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through EGFR binding. Our findings offer a clinically relevant rationale for immune response modulation through fibulin‐3.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gingival crevicular fluid Bax, Bcl-xl, interleukin-22, and transforming growth factor beta 1 levels in stage III periodontitis.","authors":"Beral Afacan, Utkucan Budak, Ece Erdem Altınyürek, Can Özden, Özge Çevik, Timur Köse, Gülnur Emingil","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0356","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Intrinsic apoptosis plays a critical role in immune defense and inflammation. Its dysregulation is involved in various chronic diseases. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family primarily mediates this mitochondrial pathway. This study aimed to investigate the proapoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xl) levels and their association with interleukin-22 (IL-22) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with periodontitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 75 systemically healthy nonsmokers were enrolled, of whom 23 had stage III periodontitis, 26 had gingivitis, and 26 were periodontally healthy. Whole-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were recorded. Bax, Bcl-xl, IL-22, and TGF-β1 levels in the GCF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using nonparametric statistical tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The periodontitis group had significantly lower GCF Bax levels than the gingivitis group (p &lt; 0.05). The periodontitis and gingivitis groups had higher GCF Bcl-xl levels than the periodontally healthy group (p &lt; 0.05). GCF IL-22 levels were similar in all groups (p &gt; 0.05). The periodontitis group had lower GCF TGF-β1 levels than the gingivitis and periodontally healthy groups (p &lt; 0.05). The diseased groups had a lower GCF Bax/Bcl-xl ratio than the healthy controls (p &lt; 0.05). IL-22 was positively correlated with Bax (p &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This is the first study investigating GCF Bax and Bcl-xl levels in periodontal health and disease. Increased GCF Bcl-xl levels and a decreased Bax/Bcl-xl ratio in stage III periodontitis implicate that those apoptotic proteins may be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Further studies are needed to enlighten the possible role of Bax and Bcl-xl and their association with IL-22 and TGF-β1 in periodontal diseases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plain language summary: &lt;/strong&gt;A type of cell death called intrinsic apoptosis plays an important role in the body's defense system, and its dysregulation is linked to different human diseases. The B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (Bax) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xl) are apoptosis-related proteins, which promote and inhibit cell death, respectively. This study aimed to investigate Bax and Bcl-xl levels and their association with the signaling proteins interleukin-22 (IL-22) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), which accumulates around the necks of the teeth of patients suffering from gum diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis. Clinical parameters were recorded and GCF was collected. Bax, Bcl-xl, IL-22, and TGF-β1 levels were measured by biochemical assay in periodontally healthy individuals who had healthy gums (n = 26) and patients with periodontitis (n = 23) and gingivitis (n = ","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ridge dimensional changes and implant stability utilizing the osseodensification protocol: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Aziz M. Saqr, Srinivas Ayilavarapu, Kavan Gandhi, Chun‐Teh Lee, Popi Stylianou","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0343","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThere is limited evidence on the effect of osseodensification drilling (OD) on alveolar ridge dimension changes and implant stability compared to standard drilling (SD). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of both drilling protocols on ridge dimensional changes and implant stability.MethodsFifteen patients were recruited for a total of 20 pairs of implants. Pre‐ and postdrilling ridge widths were measured at the crest and 5 and 10 mm apical to the crest, using a premarked surgical guide as a reference to standardize recordings. Following implant placement, insertion torque and implant stability quotients (ISQ) were recorded. ISQ were also recorded at 3, 6, and 12 weeks post‐op. Six‐month post‐op changes in buccal bone thickness (BBT) were measured via pre‐op and post‐op cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) superimposition analysis.ResultsGreater ridge width changes were observed at the crest and 5 mm apical from the crest, favoring OD, with no difference at 10 mm. When comparing BBT 6 months post‐op, OD maintained BBT better than SD. Additionally, greater insertion torque, ISQ, and high implant stability (HIS) were observed following OD compared to SD.ConclusionOD results in greater ridge dimensional changes compared to SD following osteotomy preparation, predictably maintains BBT and reduces the risk of buccal dehiscence and resorption, obtains superior torque at placement, higher ISQ values, and a greater number of implants achieving HIS, which is maintained throughout the entire healing period.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142782517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary advanced glycated end products, their receptors, and aMMP‐8 in periodontitis patients with varying glycemic levels: A cross‐sectional study","authors":"Julie Toby Thomas, Betsy Joseph, Sajit Varghese, Baiju Kamalasanan Vijayakumari, Timo Sorsa, Matti Mauramo, Sukumaran Anil, Tuomas Waltimo","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0362","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundAdvanced glycation end products (AGE) and their receptors (RAGE) have been implicated in developing periodontal complications in diabetic patients. This study aimed to identify salivary AGE, RAGE, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), and active‐matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (aMMP‐8) levels at varying glycemic levels in periodontitis patients.MethodsNinety‐eight participants were categorized into uncontrolled DM‐PD group (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 27)—periodontitis patients with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥7%); controlled DM‐PD group (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 33)—periodontitis patients with controlled T2DM (HbA1c 5.7%–6.9%); SH‐PD group (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 18)—systemically healthy periodontitis patients; and SH‐PH group (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 20)—systemically and periodontally healthy individuals. HbA1c along with the periodontal parameters bleeding on probing (BoP), periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), number of missing teeth, and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) were estimated. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for analyzing salivary AGE, RAGE, sRAGE, and aMMP‐8. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to develop predictive models for HbA1c based on relevant predictor variables.ResultsPeriodontitis participants with uncontrolled T2DM exhibited significantly higher BoP, PPD, CAL, number of missing teeth, and PISA, along with elevated AGE, RAGE, and aMMP‐8, compared to other groups (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.01). A significant positive association was observed between RAGE and HbA1c levels (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.01). Among the predictors, BoP (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.046) and CAL (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.001) demonstrated a significant positive effect on salivary AGE. PPD was positively associated with RAGE (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), and BoP was negatively associated with salivary sRAGE levels (&lt;jats:italic&gt;p&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 0.038).ConclusionsSalivary biomarkers like RAGE and aMMP‐8 exert a potential role in monitoring periodontal health and glycemic control in T2DM patients.Plain language summaryAdvanced glycation end products (AGE) and their receptors (RAGE) have been implicated in developing periodontal complications in diabetic patients. This study aimed to identify salivary AGE, RAGE, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), and aMMP‐8 levels at varying glycemic levels in periodontitis patients. Ninety‐eight participants were categorized into Group 1 (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 27)—periodontitis patients with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); Group 2 (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 33)—periodontitis patients with controlled T2DM; Group 3 (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 18)—systemically healthy periodontitis patients; and Group 4 (&lt;jats:italic&gt;n&lt;/jats:italic&gt; = 20)—systemically and periodontally healthy individuals. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontitis associated with brain function impairment in middle-aged and elderly individuals with normal cognition.","authors":"Wei Ye, Yufei Tao, Wenrui Wang, Yongqiang Yu, Xiaoshu Li","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study aimed to investigate changes in intranetwork functional connectivity (FC) and internetwork FC in middle-aged and elderly individuals with normal cognition (NC) and varying degrees of periodontitis to determine the effects of periodontitis on brain function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Periodontal findings and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 51 subjects with NC. Independent component analysis and correlation analysis were used for the statistical analysis of the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences in intranetwork FC were observed among groups in the anterior default-mode network (aDMN), dorsal attention network and dorsal sensorimotor network (dSMN). Compared with the nonperiodontitis (NP) group or the mild-periodontitis group, the analysis of internetwork FC showed increased FC between the auditory network and the ventral attention network (VAN), between the aDMN and the salience network (SN), and between the SN and the VAN and decreased FC between the posterior default-mode network and the right frontoparietal network in the moderate-to-severe periodontitis group. Additionally, internetwork FC between the dSMN and the VAN was also increased in the moderate-to-severe periodontitis group compared to the NP group. The altered intra- and internetwork FC were significantly correlated with the periodontal clinical index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results confirmed that periodontitis was associated with both intra- and internetwork FC changes even in NC. The present study indicates that periodontitis might be a potential risk factor for brain damage and provides a theoretical clue and a new treatment target for the early prevention of Alzheimer disease.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Recent research has proposed that periodontitis is a potential risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the relationship between periodontitis and the brain function of middle-aged and elderly individuals with normal cognition (NC) remains unclear. Analyzing the effect of periodontitis on brain function in the NC stage can provide clues to AD development and help achieve early prevention of dementia. The present study aimed to investigate changes in brain functional connectivity (FC) in NC with different severity of periodontitis to determine the effects of periodontitis on brain function. Both changed intranetwork FC and internetwork FC were found in the moderate-to-severe periodontitis group, and periodontitis was associated with brain network function impairment in NC. The present study indicates that periodontitis might be a potential risk factor for brain damage even in NC stage, and provides a theoretical clue and a new treatment target for the early prevention of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on arterial stiffness outcomes related to endothelial dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Alessandro Polizzi, Luigi Nibali, Gianluca Martino Tartaglia, Gaetano Isola","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0422","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess the available evidence on whether nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) improves arterial stiffness outcomes in patients with periodontitis (PD).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) question, electronic databases were screened for clinical interventional studies addressing the impact of NSPT on pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) outcomes in PD patients. Furthermore, the research strategy was implemented using a hand search. Studies were selected, and data were extracted by two independent reviewers. Random effects models were applied to perform a meta-analysis, and methodological index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS) and Cochrane Rob2 tools were used to assess the risk of bias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Fifteen articles were finally included for qualitative synthesis. Among them, eight single-arm cohort studies met the final inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. The Rob2 analysis evidenced that one randomized clinical trial (RCT) had a low risk, three RCTs raised some concerns, and three RCTs had a high risk of bias, while the MINORS scores ranged from 9 to 14. The meta-analysis showed that NSPT significantly impacted FMD (p &lt; 0.001) and CIMT (p = 0.004), while changes in PWV were not statistically significant. However, there was high heterogeneity among studies (I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 78% for FMD and I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 62% for CIMT).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Despite some beneficial effects on FMD and CIMT, due to study limitations, high heterogeneity, and risk of bias, it cannot be concluded that NSPT is effective in improving arterial stiffness. Therefore, further studies are necessary to achieve high-quality evidence on the effect of NSPT on arterial stiffness outcomes in PD patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trial registration: &lt;/strong&gt;PROSPERO ID CRD42024501399.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plain language summary: &lt;/strong&gt;Periodontitis (PD) has been associated with alterations in arterial stiffness outcomes related to early endothelial dysfunction. Based on noninterventional studies, this meta-analysis indicates that nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) may reduce cardiovascular disease risk in patients with PD. The moderate evidence derived from the studies that were finally included showed that NSPT had beneficial effects on flow-mediated dilatation and carotid intima-media thickness, while this trend was not observed for pulse wave velocity. Moreover, the findings of the present meta-analysis were characterized by high heterogeneity and risk of bias and were derived from uncontrolled clinical trials or randomized clinical trials with limitations. Therefore, more studies with standardized protocols and homogeneous arterial stiffness outcomes are needed to elevate the qua","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence with counseling on the treatment outcomes and quality of life in periodontitis patients.","authors":"Fu-Tzu You, Pei-Chen Lin, Chiung-Lin Huang, Ju-Hui Wu, Yuji Kabasawa, Chih-Chang Chen, Hsiao-Ling Huang","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the effects of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted dental monitoring (DM) with and without health counseling on the treatment outcomes and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with periodontitis were randomly assigned to either an AI group (AI group, n = 28), an AI and health counseling group (AIHC group, n = 27), or a control group (n = 27). All patients underwent nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Patients in the AI and AIHC groups underwent additional AI-assisted DM and AI-assisted DM with oral health counseling, respectively, for 6 months. Data on OHRQoL and periodontal measures were collected at baseline and follow-ups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 3 months of follow-up, the AI and AIHC groups exhibited a significantly greater reduction in probing pocket depth (mean diff: -0.5 and -0.7) and clinical attachment level (mean diff: -0.5 and -0.6) compared with the control group. At 6 months of follow-up, the AI and AIHC groups exhibited a significantly greater improvement in OHRQoL (mean diff: -4.5 and -4.7) compared with the control group. At 3-month follow-up, the AIHC group exhibited a greater improvement in plaque index (mean diff: -0.2) and OHRQoL (mean diff: -4.3) compared with the AI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI-assisted DM can be used to remind patients with periodontitis of their oral hygiene at home and effectively improve their periodontal measures and long-term OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Gum disease is a common problem, but new technology could help. In this study, researchers looked at how AI affects gum health and quality of life (QoL). The researchers divided participants into 3 groups. One group used an AI system to monitor their gums at home. Another used AI plus got health advice. The third did not use any special technology. After 3 and 6 months, the AI groups had healthier gums, with less deep pockets and better gum attachment, compared to the group without AI. The group that also got health advice saw even greater improvements, like cleaner teeth and a bigger boost to their QoL. This is exciting because gum disease is tricky to manage alone. The AI system seems to help by reminding people to care for their teeth and gums. With expert guidance, the AI becomes an even more powerful tool for improving long-term oral health and well-being. This study shows how new technologies like AI could transform how we approach common health problems. By providing personalized support, AI can empower people to better manage their own health, leading to better outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appraising the life-course impact of Epstein-Barr virus exposure and its genetic signature on periodontitis.","authors":"Xinjian Ye, Jian Yuan, Yijing Bai, Yitong Chen, He Jiang, Yue Cao, Qifei Ge, Zhiyong Wang, Weiyi Pan, Shan Wang, Qianming Chen","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0300","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Periodontitis arises from a multifaceted interplay of environmental variables and genetic susceptibility, where microbial infection plays an indispensable part. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) exposure has long been considered associated with periodontitis activity; however, the causal relationship and genetic connection between them remain unknown.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Within a life-course context, our study employed comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, including univariable, multivariable, Bayesian model averaging, and reverse MR, to investigate the causal association between EBV exposure and periodontitis. Additionally, linkage disequilibrium score regression and colocalization analysis were utilized to assess the cross-trait genetic correlations, followed by transcriptome-wide association and enrichment analysis to discern the genetic-phenotypic biological profiles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Heightened levels of EBV antibodies, particularly early antigen diffuses (which serve as indicators of early infection or reactivation), are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27 [1.09-1.47], p = 6.05 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;) and demonstrate a significant genetic correlation (p = 4.11 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;). This pathogenesis may involve the high-confidence causal gene RNASEK located in 17p13.1. Genetically predicted early-life anti-EBV immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels are correlated to a reduced periodontitis risk (OR: 0.89 [0.82-0.97], p = 1.76 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study highlights the impact of life-course EBV exposure and its genetic hallmark on periodontitis, providing novel perspectives into the underlying pathogenesis and management strategies for EBV-related periodontitis. These findings underscore diverse clinical and public health implications, encompassing antiviral therapies, viral vaccination strategies, and tailored interventions for individualized periodontitis management. Further research is required to validate and expand upon our findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Plain language summary: &lt;/strong&gt;Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by interactions between microbial pathogens and the host immune system. While bacteria have traditionally been the focus of research, recent studies highlight the significance of virus-bacteria interactions, particularly the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-a herpesvirus infecting over 90% of the global population-in the development of periodontitis. However, the underlying causal and genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Our study employed genome-wide multi-omics approaches to investigate the link between EBV exposure and periodontitis. We found that recent EBV infection or reactivation increases the risk of periodontitis, whereas early-life exposure, possibly enabling immune resistance, may reduce it. Essential genes were identified as potential mediators, including CRTC3-AS1, H","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}