Histological and immunohistochemical soft-tissue response to cylindrical and concave abutments: Multicenter randomized clinical trial.

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Fabio Camacho-Alonso, Juan Carlos Bernabeu-Mira, Joaquín Sánchez, Antonio Julián Buendía, Ana María Mercado-Díaz, Mario Pérez-Sayáns, Alba Pérez-Jardón, José Manuel Somoza Martín, Javier Montero, Cristina Gomez-Polo, Norberto Quispe-López, David Peñarrocha-Oltra
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to analyze the influence of concave and cylindrical abutments on peri-implant soft tissue. Dimensions, collagen fiber orientation, and immunohistochemical data were assessed.

Methods: A multicenter, split-mouth, double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted. Two groups were analyzed: cylindrical abutments and concave abutments. After a 12-week healing period, peri-implant soft tissue samples were collected, processed, and evaluated for dimensions, collagen fiber orientation, and immunohistochemical data. Inflammatory infiltration and vascularization were assessed, and the abutment surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 20.0 statistical package.

Results: A total of 74 samples in 37 patients were evaluated. Histological evaluation of peri-implant soft tissue dimensions revealed significant differences between concave and cylindrical abutments. Concave abutments exhibited greater total height (concave: 3.57 ± 0.28 - cylindrical: 2.95 ± 0.27) and barrier epithelium extension (concave: 2.46 ± 0.17 - cylindrical: 1.89 ± 0.21) (p < 0.05), while the supracrestal connective tissue extension (concave: 1.11 ± 0.17 - cylindrical: 1.03 ± 0.16) was slightly greater (p > 0.05). Collagen fiber orientation favored concave abutments (23.76 ± 5.86), with significantly more transverse/perpendicular fibers than for cylindrical abutments (15.68 ± 4.57). The immunohistochemical analysis evidenced greater inflammatory and vascular intensity in the lower portion for both abutments, though concave abutments showed lower overall intensity (concave: 1.05 ± 0.78 - cylindrical: 1.97 ± 0.68) (p < 0.05). The abutment surface analysis demonstrated a higher percentage of tissue remnants on concave abutments (42.47 ± 1.32; 45.12 ± 3.03) (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, concave abutments presented significantly greater peri-implant tissue height, linked to an extended barrier epithelium, versus cylindrical abutments in thick tissue phenotype. This enhanced soft tissue sealing, favoring a greater percentage of transversely oriented collagen fibers. The concave design reduced chronic inflammatory exudation with T and B cells, thus minimizing the risk of chronic inflammation.

Plain language summary: This study looked at how 2 different shapes of dental implant abutments (the parts that connect the implant to the crown), specifically concave and cylindrical, affect the soft tissue around the implants. We wanted to see how these shapes influenced the tissue's size, structure, and health. We conducted a clinical trial with 37 patients, comparing the 2 types of abutments in the same mouth over 12 weeks. Our findings showed that the concave abutments led to a taller and more extensive layer of protective tissue around the implant compared to the cylindrical ones. This protective tissue had more favorable collagen fiber orientation, which is important for the strength and health of the tissue. Additionally, the concave abutments resulted in less inflammation and better tissue integration. In conclusion, concave abutments may provide better support and health for the soft tissue around dental implants, reducing the risk of chronic inflammation and potentially leading to better long-term outcomes for patients with dental implants.

组织学和免疫组化软组织对圆柱形和凹形基台的反应:多中心随机临床试验。
背景:本研究旨在分析凹基台和圆柱基台对种植体周围软组织的影响。对尺寸、胶原纤维方向和免疫组化数据进行了评估:进行了一项多中心、分口、双盲随机临床试验。分析对象分为两组:圆柱基台和凹基台。经过 12 周的愈合期后,收集、处理种植体周围软组织样本,并对其尺寸、胶原纤维方向和免疫组化数据进行评估。对炎症浸润和血管化进行评估,并使用扫描电子显微镜对基台表面进行分析。统计分析使用 SPSS 20.0 版统计软件包进行:结果:共对 37 名患者的 74 个样本进行了评估。对种植体周围软组织尺寸的组织学评估显示,凹基台和圆柱基台之间存在显著差异。凹形基台的总高度(凹形:3.57 ± 0.28 - 圆柱形:2.95 ± 0.27)和屏障上皮的扩展(凹形:2.46 ± 0.17 - 圆柱形:1.89 ± 0.21)更大(P 0.05)。凹形基台的胶原纤维取向更佳(23.76 ± 5.86),横向/垂直纤维明显多于圆柱形基台(15.68 ± 4.57)。免疫组化分析表明,两种基台下部的炎症和血管强度都较高,但凹面基台的总体强度较低(凹面:1.05 ± 0.78 - 圆柱面:1.97 ± 0.68)(p 结论:凹面基台和圆柱面基台的炎症和血管强度都较高:在本研究的限制条件下,凹基台与圆柱基台相比,在厚组织表型中,凹基台的种植体周围组织高度明显更高,这与扩展的屏障上皮有关。这增强了软组织的密封性,有利于增加横向胶原纤维的比例。凹形设计减少了T细胞和B细胞的慢性炎症渗出,从而将慢性炎症的风险降至最低。白话摘要:本研究观察了两种不同形状的种植体基台(连接种植体和牙冠的部分),特别是凹形和圆柱形基台对种植体周围软组织的影响。我们想知道这些形状对组织的大小、结构和健康有什么影响。我们对 37 名患者进行了临床试验,在 12 周内对同一口腔中的两种基台进行了比较。我们的研究结果表明,与圆柱形基台相比,凹形基台能在种植体周围形成更高更广泛的保护组织层。这种保护组织具有更有利的胶原纤维取向,这对组织的强度和健康非常重要。此外,凹基台的炎症更少,组织整合性更好。总之,凹基台可以为种植牙周围的软组织提供更好的支持和健康,降低慢性炎症的风险,并有可能为种植牙患者带来更好的长期疗效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of periodontology
Journal of periodontology 医学-牙科与口腔外科
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
7.00%
发文量
290
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Periodontology publishes articles relevant to the science and practice of periodontics and related areas.
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