Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research最新文献

{"title":"Finite element biomechanical comparison of bone-driven and occlusion-driven fibular flap positioning in lateral segmental mandibular reconstruction","authors":"Dmytro Filonenko ,&nbsp;Yurii Chepurnyi ,&nbsp;Mykola Kryshchuk ,&nbsp;Bekir Osmanov ,&nbsp;Andrii Kopchak","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate, using finite-element analysis (FEA), the stress–strain state of mandibular bone and the bone component of a microvascular free fibula flap (FFF) reconstructing a lateral segmental mandibular defect, comparing two flap positions relevant to implant-supported fixed prosthetic rehabilitation.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>CT-derived three-dimensional models of a reconstructed mandible were generated in two geometries: (A) flap aligned with the inferior mandibular border and (B) flap positioned at the level of the alveolar crest. Each geometry received two endosseous implants and a fixed prosthesis and was subjected to representative masticatory loading (vertical/occlusal and anterior/incisal). Four FEA models (2 positions × 2 load cases) were analyzed, with two predefined regions of interest per model (distal and medial), each examined at the upper and lower margins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with Model A (inferior mandibular border), Model B (alveolar crest) produced lower peak bone stresses in most analyzed regions (≈10–40% reduction) under mastication-representative static molar and incisal loads. The only exception was the medial–inferior margin under incisal loading, where stress increased markedly (8.96 vs 2.22 MPa; ∼4-fold). Under occlusal loading, medial–inferior stresses were &lt;1 MPa in both models. Across both positioning scenarios, peak crestal bone von Mises stresses clustered near the implant neck (crestal bone); analyses were restricted to bone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A higher (alveolar-crest) position of the bone component of the FFF yields a more favorable stress–strain environment and load distribution, supporting more favorable biomechanical conditions for osseointegration and long-term function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of zinc oxide and ellagic acid on macrophage infiltration, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition in excisional wounds healing","authors":"Intan Nirwana ,&nbsp;Michelle Fidelia Alexandra ,&nbsp;Tarissa Balqis Nuraida ,&nbsp;Ahmad Thariq Bermani ,&nbsp;Yasmin Shahaniz ,&nbsp;Devi Rianti ,&nbsp;Titien Hary Agustantina ,&nbsp;Anita Yuliati ,&nbsp;Khairul Annuar Shariff ,&nbsp;Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The combination of zinc oxide (ZnO) and ellagic acid (EA) in wound dressings offers synergistic benefits for wound healing due to their complementary antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tissue regenerative properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ZnO-EA dressing on macrophage infiltration, angiogenesis, and collagen density in excisional wounds on days 3 and 7 post-treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This in vivo posttest-only experimental study involved twenty <em>Rattus norvegicus</em> with excisional dorsal wounds, randomly assigned to two groups: a control group receiving ZnO dressing and a treatment group receiving ZnO-EA dressing. Each group was evaluated at day 3 and day 7, resulting in four observation subgroups. Tissue samples were collected to assess macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, and collagen density using Masson's Trichrome staining. Histological evaluation was performed under a light microscope at 400× magnification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Treatment with ZnO-EA resulted in significant increase in macrophages infiltration, the number of newly formed blood vessels, and collagen density in the treatment group compared to the ZnO group on both days 3 and 7 (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The application of a ZnO wound dressing enriched with EA significantly enhances macrophage infiltration, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition during the wound healing process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of effectiveness of hyaluronic acid and melatonin with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane versus guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane alone in the treatment of intra-bony defects in human subjects: A split-mouth randomised controlled clinical trial","authors":"Subasree Soundarajan,&nbsp;Sankari Malaiappan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Melatonin is one substance that is primarily generated by the pineal gland and numerous other tissues and has vital involvement in many physiological processes, including bone remodeling. Over the last several years, another emerging molecule serving as a potential candidate for periodontal regeneration is the hyaluronic acid (HA), a key extracellular matrix component involved in cell migration. The aim of this study is the additive effect of hyaluronic acid and melatonin with GTR membrane in intrabony defects among patients with chronic periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>15 bilateral intra-bony defects were treated either with Hyaluronic acid and melatonin along with GTR membrane (Group I), or GTR membrane alone (Group II). Clinical and radiographic parameters assessed were pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and volume of bone defect at baseline and 6 months after the intervention. The biochemical parameter assessed was Matrix metalloproteinase - 1 (MMP-1) and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) at baseline and one month after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both the study groups showed statistically significant differences in all the parameters from baseline to follow-up. However, group 1 (Hyaluronic acid + Melatonin + GTR membrane) showed statistically significant improvement in all the study parameters when compared to group 2 (GTR alone).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It can be concluded that the combination of hyaluronic acid and melatonin was effective in the regeneration of intrabony defects among patients with chronic periodontitis. However, further studies with a longer time period and with additional microbiological assessment would be desirable so as to substantiate the current results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145982076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of NLRP3 (rs4612666) polymorphism in gingival crevicular fluid with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and asymptomatic apical periodontitis","authors":"Saumya Verma ,&nbsp;Dax Abraham ,&nbsp;Vineeta Sharma ,&nbsp;Anjana Goyal ,&nbsp;Alpa Gupta ,&nbsp;Sucheta Jala ,&nbsp;Gurjot Singh ,&nbsp;Rajeev Kumar Malhotra","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigated the association between the NLRP3 rs4612666 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the clinical presentation of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) using gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from a North Indian population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this observational case-control study, 48 participants were divided into three groups (n = 16 each): SIP, AAP, and healthy controls. GCF samples were collected for DNA extraction, followed by genotyping of the NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genotypic and allelic frequencies were compared across groups, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The heterozygous TC genotype predominated in both the SIP (62.5 %) and AAP (68.8 %) groups, whereas the control group exclusively exhibited the TT genotype. The CC genotype was absent in all groups. The C allele was more frequent in AAP (43.8 %) than in SIP (18.8 %). Genotypic and allelic distributions differed significantly between the disease groups and controls (p &lt; 0.001). Deviation from HWE in the AAP group (p = 0.0361) suggests potential genetic susceptibility to chronic inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest an association between the C allele of the NLRP3 rs4612666 SNP and increased inflammatory response in endodontic disease. Genetic screening may aid in early risk assessment and support personalized treatment planning.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Identifying NLRP3 rs4612666 polymorphism in patients may help predict susceptibility to chronic pulpal and periapical inflammation. This genetic insight can aid in risk-based diagnosis and guide personalized endodontic treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovine bone graft enhances osteogenic commitment in human osteoblasts via selective suppression of miR-6797-5p: In silico and in vitro study","authors":"Aparna Sethi ,&nbsp;Khushali K Shah ,&nbsp;Dhanraj Ganapathy ,&nbsp;Shahabe Saquib Abullais ,&nbsp;Abdulmajeed Almuaddi ,&nbsp;Saravanan Sekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Xenogeneic grafts are widely employed in oral and maxillofacial rehabilitation, but their biological influence extends beyond osteoconduction. Central to osteoblast differentiation is the transcription factor RUNX2, which is tightly regulated by networks of microRNAs (miRNAs). While the osteogenic effects of bovine and porcine grafts have been well studied, little is known about whether ovine bone grafts can alter RUNX2-related post-transcriptional regulation. This study aimed to investigate whether ovine bone graft–derived soluble factors modulate RUNX2-associated miRNAs and thereby influence osteogenic commitment in human osteoblast-lineage cells.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Hydroxyapatite was isolated from ovine femoral bone and used to prepare conditioned medium (OBG-CM). Human osteoblastic cells and mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to OBG-CM for 24 h. Candidate RUNX2-targeting miRNAs were first identified in silico using miRDB and STarMir, with overlapping predictions screened by qRT-PCR. Predicted binding was further analysed by TargetScan. Functional assays were carried out by transfecting cells with hsa-miR-6797-5p mimics and inhibitors, followed by assessment of RUNX2 mRNA and protein expression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Computational analysis highlighted several high-confidence RUNX2-targeting miRNAs, including hsa-miR-6797-5p. Exposure to OBG-CM selectively reduced the expression of hsa-miR-6797-5p, hsa-miR-889-5p and hsa-miR-122-5p, while other candidates showed minimal change. TargetScan identified a conserved 8-mer seed match for hsa-miR-6797-5p within the RUNX2 3′UTR. Transfection with the mimic suppressed RUNX2 expression at both transcript and protein levels, whereas inhibition produced the opposite effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ovine bone graft–derived factors can selectively remodel the miRNA landscape in osteoblast-lineage cells. These insights may guide the development of bioactive grafts optimised for post-transcriptional regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis between resin-based root canal sealer and recent bioceramic-based root canal sealers using MicroCT, film thickness, and solubility","authors":"Amira Galal Ismail,&nbsp;Manar M. Galal,&nbsp;Tamer M. Hamdy","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study is aimed at evaluating the sealing quality of the single cone obturation technique with resin-based root canal sealers (ADseal root canal sealers, control group) and the novel hydraulic bioceramic-based sealers (Fill Root ST and AH Plus Bioceramic sealers). The assessment was performed by micro-CT void analysis. In addition, film thickness and solubility of the sealers were also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Voids were evaluated on clear acrylic resin blocks with a standard artificial root canal model using micro-CT. Physical analysis of the sealers assessed film thickness and solubility. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test for multiple comparisons and repeated measure ANOVA for related samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer exhibited the least canal voids (5.70 %), while the Fill Root ST had intermediate voids, and ADseal had the highest (p &lt; 0.001). The coronal third had the most voids, followed by the middle and apical thirds (p &lt; 0.001). AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer had the thinnest film thickness (19.3 μm), followed by Fill Root ST (42.7 μm), and ADseal (81.7 μm) (p &lt; 0.001). In solubility, ADseal had the lowest (0.9 %), Fill Root ST the highest (2.4 %), and AH Plus Bioceramic intermediate (1.5 %) (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The bioceramic-based sealers (Fill Root ST and AH Plus Bioceramic) showed superior performance compared to ADseal in terms of void formation and film thickness, with voids most frequent in the coronal third and least in the apical third.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Condyle-Sigmoid-Coronoid triangle, Gonial angle for age estimation and sex determination: A retrospective Orthopantomograph study","authors":"K. Smrithy Sivadas,&nbsp;Kumuda Rao,&nbsp;Vidya Ajila,&nbsp;Yashika Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Due to its sexual dimorphism, the mandible—a vital component of the human skull—is a valuable tool for sex determination in anthropological and forensic studies. Radiographs like an Orthopantomogram are quite useful in this regard for precise age and sex estimation. An essential component of the craniofacial complex, the mandibular angles provide information about the symmetry and vertical characteristics. Variations in the Condylar, Coronoidal, Sigmoidal, and Gonial angles have been observed with age, sex, and even dental status, as verified by radiographic and anthropometric research.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To evaluate Condylar angle, Sigmoidal angle, and Coronoidal angle by devising the Condyle-Sigmoid-Coronoid [CSC] Triangle along with the Gonial angle for sex determination and age estimation on a mandible devoid of teeth.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>200 Orthopantomograph images were attained, categorised into Group I and Group II, which consisted of males and females with ages ranging from 10 to 80 years, respectively. The CSC Triangle was devised by joining the highest point on these landmarks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Condylar angle, Coronoidal angle, Sigmoidal angle composing the CSC triangle and the Gonial angle bilaterally were comparable between males and females with no statistically significant differences. The Condylar and coronoid angle had a higher score on the left side with the data demonstrating statistically significant results. The Sigmoidal angle and the Gonial angle were comparable between the right and left sides</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the statistical analysis, the difference noted with respect to the measured parameters indicates that these angles can help in sex determination and age estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of lip repositioning and lip repositioning with botulinum toxin application in gummy smile treatment","authors":"Mert Keles ,&nbsp;Dilek Ozkan Sen,&nbsp;Elif Oncu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to compare the effects of lip repositioning surgery alone versus its combination with botulinum toxin type A injection in reducing gingival display and to evaluate the esthetic stability of both approaches over a 1-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical records of 29 patients with excessive gingival display. Group A (n = 14) underwent lip repositioning surgery alone, while Group B (n = 15) received the same surgery followed by botulinum toxin injection. Gingival visibility was assessed from archived clinical records at baseline and at 1, 3, and 12 months postoperatively, with available clinical photographs reviewed solely as supplementary documentation. Statistical analyses were performed according to data distribution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both groups showed significant within-group reductions in gingival display (p &lt; 0.001). At 3 months, Group B demonstrated a significantly greater improvement (p &lt; 0.001), indicating a short-term additive effect of botulinum toxin. However, by 12 months, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.134), and surgical outcomes remained stable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Within the limitations of a retrospective design and the variability of clinical records, lip repositioning surgery provided predictable and long-term esthetic results in managing gummy smile. While botulinum toxin may enhance short-term outcomes, its temporary effect limits long-term benefits. Treatment planning should consider both objective outcomes and patient esthetic expectations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SHED secretome hydrogel combined with α-mangostin for periodontal bone regeneration: In vivo study","authors":"Mohammed Ahmed Aljunaid ,&nbsp;Rini Devijanti Ridwan ,&nbsp;Hendrik Setia Budi ,&nbsp;Yuliati ,&nbsp;Huda Rashad Qaid ,&nbsp;Rubbig Diferly Mahendra ,&nbsp;Chanaya Miranda Riveira ,&nbsp;Abumabdian Nasar Aqrabi ,&nbsp;Ananda Firman Putranto ,&nbsp;Farouk Al-Ghazaly ,&nbsp;Osamah Mohammed Al-Kawri","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Periodontitis is a long-term inflammatory condition that results in the gradual loss of bone tissue surrounding the teeth. Cells derived from the pulp of human exfoliated deciduous teeth, also known as SHED cells, are very valuable in regenerative medicine due to their ease of access, rapid multiplication, and the ability to develop into multiple cell types. Additionally, medicinal plants such as mangosteen, which are rich in α-mangostin, show promise for periodontitis treatment. This compound, possessing potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of SHED secretome-loaded hydrogel combined with α-mangostin on the periodontal bone regeneration processes in a rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><div>Sixty Male Wistar rats (n = 12 per group) were divided into five group: Control positive, Control negative, Treatment I, Treatment II, and Treatment III. After treatment, rats were humanely euthanized at three distinct time points (7, 14, and 21 days). Mandibular sections were then collected and analyzed using immunohistochemistry to quantify the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and BMP-2. One-way ANOVA and a post hoc test (P &lt; 0.05) were used to assess the data.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The result showed decrease in TNF-α expression, and a significant increase in the expression of IL-10 and BMP-2 at 7th, 14th, and 21 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of hydrogel SHED secretome α-mangostin effectively modulates the inflammatory environment by reducing TNF-α level and enhancing IL-10 production, thereby promoting the expression of the osteogenic factor BMP-2. This finding suggests an effective strategy for periodontal bone regeneration processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformer-based classification and interpretability of NR3C1 expression patterns in OSCC: Metabolic adaptation insights","authors":"Monal Yuwanati ,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar Yadalam ,&nbsp;Senthilmurugan Mullainathan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2026.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) involves several oncogenic proteins for survival. Protein sequence classification is a fundamental challenge in computational biology, complicated by the complex, non-linear relationships within sequences. Recent advances in transformer-based language models have yielded promising results on biological sequence tasks. The study involves a comprehensive evaluation of four transformer models, compared with two deep learning models and two traditional machine learning classifiers (Random Forest and SVM), for protein sequence classification of NR3C1 peptide sequences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All models were trained for 100 epochs on 5 UniProt sequences, split into medium (200–500 aa) and long (&gt;500 aa) classes. Sequences were tokenized, padded, or truncated to 512 tokens, and converted for BERT, RoBERTa, DistilBERT, and ALBERT. The dataset was split into 80% for training and 20% for validation, with stratified class balance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the four transformer models, RoBERTa performed best with an F1-score of 0.8574, followed by ALBERT and BERT with scores of 0.8509 and 0.8378, respectively. These models performed far better than the deep learning models, which had an F1-score of approximately 0.763, and the traditional methods, which had an F1-score of 0.693. ALBERT achieved approximately 99.2% of RoBERTa's performance while using only about 9.6% of its parameters. Overall, RoBERTa and other transformers yield the best-performing models for protein sequence classification.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Transformer models, especially RoBERTa, outperform conventional methods for NR3C1 protein sequence classification, achieving higher accuracy and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 2","pages":"Article 101427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}