Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research最新文献

{"title":"Anti-cariogenic potential and pharmacokinetics of Licorice and Xylitol infused chewing gum","authors":"Jencia Amaly ,&nbsp;Ramya Ramadoss ,&nbsp;K. Nitya ,&nbsp;Sundar Sandhya ,&nbsp;Suganya Panneer Selvam ,&nbsp;K. Hema Shree ,&nbsp;G. Radha","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dental caries remains a global health challenge despite advancements in prevention. Traditional approaches focus on mechanical plaque removal and fluoride use, but innovative, non-invasive solutions are increasingly sought. Chewing gum, as a delivery system for bioactive ingredients, offers a convenient method for improving oral health. Xylitol, licorice, and lemon balm, known for their anti-cariogenic and antimicrobial properties, were incorporated into a novel chewing gum to evaluate its potential in preventing caries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The chewing gum was formulated using beeswax, glycerin monostearate, xanthan gum, xylitol, lemon balm, and licorice. Physicochemical properties were assessed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Rheological properties, including elasticity and viscosity, were analyzed to ensure optimal texture. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method against key cariogenic bacteria, while flavor dynamics and in-silico docking and ADMET analysis provided additional insights.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FTIR and XRD confirmed the successful integration of bioactive components and an amorphous matrix structure, promoting controlled release and stability. Antimicrobial assays showed the gum's effectiveness against Streptococcus mutans (MIC 0.20 mg/mL), with varying efficacy against other pathogens. Rheological analysis revealed xanthan gum as a key contributor to elasticity and viscosity, ensuring chewability and stability. Flavor release dynamics highlighted prolonged taste perception, with licorice providing sustained intensity. In-silico analysis supported the bioavailability and favorable pharmacokinetics of the ingredients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This novel chewing gum demonstrates significant potential as an anti-cariogenic product with a balanced formulation of functional, structural, and sensory properties. Future research, including clinical trials and consumer testing, will be essential to optimize its effectiveness and marketability, addressing the demand for user-friendly oral health solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 605-611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of oral health status and salivary profile of rheumatoid arthritis disease subjects and healthy subjects and prediction of caries risk using cariogram- A cross-sectional analytical study","authors":"Ananya Jha ,&nbsp;Aparna K S ,&nbsp;Praveen Jodalli ,&nbsp;Avinash B R","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent inflammatory condition that predominantly affects the joints. However, it also affects the oral health, including temporomandibular joint abnormalities, periodontal disease, and xerostomia. Although these correlations exist, there is little proof that RA is associated with certain markers of dental health. The purpose of this study is to close this gap by assessing the salivary profile and oral health status of RA patients.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To assess and contrast the salivary profile and oral health status of people with rheumatoid arthritis with that of healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate.</div><div>1. Periodontal health and caries experience using WHO guidelines Adult oral health proforma (2013)</div><div>2. Salivary parameters using a salivary kit.</div><div>3. Cariogram-based assessment of caries risk.</div><div>4. Association between Rheumatoid arthritis and Oral health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of ninety volunteers were enrolled, forty-seven of whom were age-matched healthy individuals and forty-three of whom were patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A structured questionnaire, clinical assessment, and saliva collection were used in the data gathering process. Dental health was evaluated using the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults (2013), and salivary flow rate and pH were monitored. The Reduced Cariogram model was used to assess the risk of caries. SPSS version 22 was used for the statistical analysis, with significance set at p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to controls, those with RA had significantly higher rates of dental caries, more gingival bleeding, and deeper periodontal pockets (p &lt; 0.05). Patients with RA also showed decreased salivary pH and decreased stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rates. Salivary flow rates were found to be negatively correlated with pocket depth, gingival bleeding, and dental caries. Furthermore, the Cariogram showed that patients with arthritis had a higher incidence of dental caries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that dental health is negatively impacted by rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with RA have a higher prevalence of dental caries and periodontitis likely due to impaired salivary profile. These results highlight the significance of thorough oral health evaluations and customized preventive methods for people with rheumatoid arthritis in order to lessen oral health issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 600-604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of ozonized water versus normal saline irrigation with mechanical debridement in chronic periodontitis patients – A clinical study","authors":"Rohith G.N. ,&nbsp;Nayana Patel ,&nbsp;Rita Jha ,&nbsp;Radha Vachhani ,&nbsp;Nisha Verlianey ,&nbsp;Ankit Sant","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ozone therapy is a rather novel approach for managing many diseases, encompassing oral disorders such as tooth caries and periodontal disease. It possesses the ability to disrupt microbial cell walls, resulting in rapid cell lysis. Moreover, characteristics of ozone such as anti-inflammation, stimulation and modulation of immunity contribute to mitigating the host response aspect of periodontal disease.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the adjunctive advantages of irrigation of ozonized water in conjunction with mechanical debridement for the treatment of periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>50 patients with chronic periodontitis and pocket probing depth ≥4 have been divided into 2 groups i.e. Test (n = 25) and control groups (n = 25). While the control group was administered normal saline irrigation and mechanical debridement, the test group was given ozonized water irrigation. Evaluations were conducted at baseline and four weeks following treatment to determine the plaque score, bleeding score, pocket probing depth, and clinical attachment level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Clinical measures such as clinical attachment level, pocket probing depth, bleeding index, and plaque index, significantly improved with adjunctive ozone water irrigation. The frequency of sites with bleeding on probing that had a pocket depth ≥4 mm was significantly reduced as a result of ozone water irrigation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ozone irrigation alongside nonsurgical periodontal therapy offers adjunctive benefits by reducing clinical parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 594-599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lingual foramina on cone beam computed tomography: A retrospective radiographic study","authors":"Om Nemichand Baghele ,&nbsp;Vishnudas Dwarkadas Bhandari ,&nbsp;Pratiksha Shivajirao Late ,&nbsp;Bhushan Rajendra Bangar ,&nbsp;Gauri Mahesh Ugale ,&nbsp;Raghavendra Metri","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Context&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Dental surgeons commonly believed that the mandibular site between the mental foramina is the safest for surgical procedures, but there have been numerous reports of significant bleeding accidents in this area. Adequate knowledge about the presence and variation in the morphology of anterior lingual foramina is necessary before starting surgical procedures such as implant placement and ridge augmentation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The aim of this study was to analyse the presence, frequency, location and relationship of lingual foramen with the inferior border of mandible on Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans (CBCT).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Settings and design&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This retrospective radiographic study was designed and conducted at Maharashtra Institute of Dental Sciences &amp; Research, Latur, India in the Department of Periodontology after approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;100 CBCT scans of dentulous and partially edentulous mandible were randomly acquired and assessed in coronal, sagittal, transverse and cross-sectional views. The CBCT scans made for diagnostic purposes under field of view 15 × 5 cm, 200 μm voxel size, of patients &gt;20 and &lt; 70 years of age of both the genders were included. Presence of cysts, tumours, systemic diseases affecting bone, fractures, previous surgery in the inter-foraminal region and poor quality of CBCT scans were excluded. Total number of foramina, their location and vertical distance between them to inferior border of mandible were recorded.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Statistical analysis used&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Data were entered in data sheets and analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data were expressed in terms of proportions while quantitative data were expressed in terms of means and standard deviation. Potential significance was evaluated with Chi square tests.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Result&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;100 CBCT scans (47 male and 53 females) were randomly analysed. All participants had at least 1 lingual foramen (LF). Total 172 LF were detected on 100 CBCT scans, including 154 (89.5 %) medial LF (MLF) and 18 lateral LF (LLF) (10.4 %). Out of 154 MLF, 63.6 % were present superior and 36.4 % inferior to genial tubercles. Out of 100 subjects, single LF in 44, two in 43, three in 11, four in 1 and five in 1 patient were observed. 94.44 % LLF were observed in canine and 1st premolar region. The mean distance from the MLF and inferior border of mandible was 10.87 ± 2.99 mm, while the same for LLF was 7.1 ± 4.76 mm. About one third of the foramina were in between 13.1 and 16 mm distance from inferior border.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Considering the limitations of the study, the midline lingual foramen can be considered as normal regular anatomic feature with 99 % prevalence while the lateral lingual foramina occur infrequently with a lot of variability in numbers and present commonly","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 585-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propolis nanoemulsion extract from celebes stingless bee (Tetragonula biroi) phytochemistry and antibacterial analysis to periodontopathogen bacteria","authors":"Nadya Rafika Amalia ,&nbsp;Theresia Indah Budhy ,&nbsp;Rini Devijanti Ridwan ,&nbsp;Devi Rianti ,&nbsp;Taufan Bramantoro ,&nbsp;Muhammad Luthfi ,&nbsp;Nastiti Faradilla Ramadhani ,&nbsp;Adya Pramusita ,&nbsp;Nurul Aisyah Rizki Putranti ,&nbsp;Albertus Putera Nugraha ,&nbsp;Putri Cahaya Situmorang ,&nbsp;Khairul Anuar Shariff ,&nbsp;Alexander Patera Nugraha","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Propolis from Sulawesi's stingless bees (<em>Tetragonula biroi</em>) contains antioxidants, more flavonoids than propolis from Apis bees, and the antibacterial ability.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>to examine the antibacterial properties of Propolis Nanoemulsion Extract (PNE), which is extracted from the Celebes Stingless Bee (<em>T. biroi</em>), in relation to the periodontopathogen bacteria such as <em>Fusobacterium nucleatum</em> (Fn), <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> (Pg), <em>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</em> (Aa), and <em>Provotella intermedia</em> (Pi). This investigation also examines PNE's phytochemistry, particle size analysis (PSA), and zeta potential.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The maceration process with 96 % ethanol was used to create PNE from Celebes stingless bee (<em>T. biroi</em>), which was then subjected to zeta potential measurement and PSA. Phytochemical analysis was used to identify phytochemical constituents in the PNE (T. biroi). Diffusion zone, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were used to assess antibacterial efficacy against Aa, Pg, Pi, and Fn. Furthermore, the statistical analysis was used to extract the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Phenols, alkaloids, and flavonoids were identified; however, triterpenoids and saponins were not. Between 151.28 and 182.2 diameter nanometers (d.nm) was the range of the PNE's diameter. At 1.56 % propolis (<em>T. biroi</em>) concentration, the MIC, MBC, and diffusion zone analysis performed better than at 0.76 %, with a significant difference (p:0.01; p &lt; 0.05) to Aa, Pg, Pi, and Fn.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The highest antibacterial activity against Aa, Pg, Pi, and Fn as periodontopathogen bacteria is demonstrated by alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols in PNE from Celebes (<em>T. biroi</em>) at a concentration of 1.56 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 576-584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of smokeless tobacco with periodontal health of patients seeking treatment at a Dental Hospital setting in Sri Lanka","authors":"Chamilka Asanthi Bandaranayake ,&nbsp;Aruni Pradeepika Liyana Arachchige ,&nbsp;Aruni Tilakaratne ,&nbsp;Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Betel chewing has indeed been an integral part of many cultures in South Asia and beyond for centuries. The practice involves the combination of various ingredients, including areca nut (also known as betel nut), slaked lime, and often tobacco, all wrapped in a betel leaf. This mixture is chewed for its stimulating and psychoactive effects. In addition to its widespread cultural significance, betel chewing has been linked to social rituals, celebrations, and even medical practices in some regions. Despite its cultural importance, it's important to note the health concerns associated with betel chewing. The use of areca nut has been linked to an increased risk of oral cancers, gum disease, and other health issues. Some studies also indicate that the combination of areca nut and tobacco significantly raises the risk of developing these conditions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Main objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To assess any association of smokeless tobacco (SLT) with periodontal health of patients seeking dental treatment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Specific objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To assess the association of periodontal status with oral hygiene habits of patients seeking dental treatment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;To assess the association between smokeless tobacco use with plaque score, bleeding score, BPE (Basic Periodontal Examination) scores and pocket depth measurements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This was a cross sectional descriptive study, conducted among adult patients above the age of 18 years, randomly selected from the daily diagnostic clinic of the Dental (Teaching) Hospital, Peradeniya (DTHP), Sri Lanka. The sample size was calculated by using Lawanga and Lamshow sample size calculation method (Lwanga &amp; Lemeshow, 1991) ensuring a 95 % confidence level and 80 % power and a systematic sampling technique. The study instrument was a check-list to obtain socio demographic information and periodontal health status.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 355 adult patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 38 (SD ± 15.2 years) and the age range between 18 and75 years. Out of the total study sample, 120 (34 %) were male and 235 (66 %) were female.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;It was identified that age is significantly associated with severe periodontal disease (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 1.043 per year increase) and Plaque score percentile is a strong predictor (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 1.87), indicating a higher plaque score is linked to severe periodontal destruction.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The inferential statistics revealed that there was a statistically significant increase in the plaque scores (P = 0.007), bleeding scores (P = 0.007) and BPE scores (P = 0.003) in smokeless tobacco users when compared with those who do not use smokeless tobacco. Moreover, the periodontal pocket depths (PPD) of smokeless tobacco (SLT) users were significantly greater (P = 0.023) than those of tobacco nonusers (NSLT). Among the SLT users, and those who had good oral","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 570-575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryonic toxicology evaluation of novel Cissus quadrangularis, bioceramics and tendon extracellular matrix incorporated scaffolds for periodontal bone regeneration using zebrafish model","authors":"S. Balaji Ganesh ,&nbsp;Manoj Aravindan ,&nbsp;Gurumoorthy Kaarthikeyan ,&nbsp;Taniya Mary Martin ,&nbsp;Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar ,&nbsp;S. Chitra","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The development of novel scaffold incorporating <em>Cissus quadrangularis</em> extract, bioceramics and tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) for periodontal bone regeneration necessitates a thorough assessment of their embryotoxicity to ensure biocompatibility and safety. This study evaluates the embryonic toxicology of these innovative scaffold using the zebrafish model, which provides a rapid transparent and highly sensitive system for assessing development toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Zebrafish embryos were exposed to scaffold containing <em>Cissus quadrangularis</em> extract (80 % ethanol), bioceramics, and tendon extracellular. Briefly, the scaffold immerged in the E3 medium for 48h and the extract (10, 50 and 100μl/ml) was evaluated against developing embryos for different developmental anomalies such as survival, malformation, heartbeat and the expression of RunX2 and Bmp2 genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that the SEM analysis revealed that the membrane was rough in nature. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxylate groups, collagen and hydroxyapatite in the synthesized membrane. Meanwhile, the scaffold did not show any of the developmental defects such as hatchability inhibition and neural toxicity. The mortality was comparable to negative control. Further, the study revealed that the scaffold induced the osteogenic potential by elevating the RunX2 and Bmp2 expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlighted the inclusion of C. <em>quadrangularis</em> extract could be a beneficial for enhancing periodontal bone regeneration. Further, this also revealed that the extract did not impede the normal tissue development or regeneration using zebrafish embryo as a model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 563-569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffolds: A comprehensive characterization study","authors":"Saanvi Gupta ,&nbsp;Suganya Panneer Selvam ,&nbsp;Ramya Ramadoss ,&nbsp;Sandhya Sundar","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Alginate has garnered significant attention in regenerative dentistry for its biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and controlled biodegradability. The incorporation of hydroxyapatite enhances its ability to mimic the dentin extracellular matrix, promoting cellular adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization. This study aims to comprehensively assess the structural, chemical, and biological properties of Alg-HA scaffolds to evaluate their potential for dentin regeneration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Alginate-hydroxyapatite (Alg-HA) scaffolds were synthesized by dissolving sodium alginate (2 % w/v) in distilled water, followed by the incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) synthesized via chemical precipitation using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and ammonium phosphate. The composite solution was homogenized through stirring and ultrasonication before being freeze-dried to fabricate porous scaffolds. Characterization was performed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to confirm crystallinity, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to verify functional group interactions, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) to analyze morphology and elemental composition. In vitro degradation studies were conducted in simulated body fluid (SBF) to assess scaffold stability by measuring mass loss over time, with additional pH monitoring and SEM analysis for morphological changes. Hemocompatibility was evaluated through hemolysis assays, comparing scaffold-incubated blood samples to positive and negative controls.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;XRD analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of HA within the alginate matrix, highlighting characteristic HA peaks and alginate's amorphous nature. FTIR analysis validated the composite formation through phosphate-carboxylate interactions. SEM imaging revealed a porous, interconnected structure with embedded HA particles, facilitating cell attachment and proliferation. EDAX confirmed the presence of calcium, phosphorus, and oxygen as primary constituents. In vitro degradation studies showed controlled degradation, with 80 % mass loss by day 3, indicating the composite's suitability for gradual tissue replacement. Hemocompatibility tests revealed minimal hemolysis (&lt;2 %), confirming the composite's excellent blood compatibility.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The findings emphasize the potential of Alg-HA scaffolds for dentin regeneration. Their porous architecture, combined with embedded HA, enhances mechanical stability while providing essential biochemical cues for cell proliferation and mineralization. The demonstrated hemocompatibility ensures safe application in direct blood contact, reducing immune responses and promoting tissue integration. Compared to previous studies, this research offers a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between porosity, mineralization, and cellular behavior. Alginate-hyd","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 555-562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective treatment of oral microbial infections and biofilm using flavonoid rutin - An in vitro study","authors":"K.P. Sowmya ,&nbsp;M. Surenthar ,&nbsp;V. Lekha Sree","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral microbial infections and biofilm-associated conditions, such as dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis, remain major challenges in oral healthcare. Biofilms provide resistance to conventional antimicrobial treatments, necessitating innovative solutions. This study investigates rutin, a flavonoid glycoside, for its antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against key oral pathogens.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of rutin against oral pathogens, including <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, and <em>Candida albicans</em>, and assess its hemocompatibility as a safe therapeutic agent.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Oral pathogens were isolated from clinical samples and identified using the VITEK®2 Compact System. Antimicrobial activity of five flavonoids was screened using the well diffusion method, with rutin demonstrating the highest efficacy. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibiofilm activity were assessed using broth microdilution and crystal violet staining, respectively. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy analyzed live/dead cells in treated biofilms. Hemocompatibility was evaluated via a hemolysis assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Rutin exhibited significant antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition as 19 mm (<em>C. albicans</em>), 17 mm (<em>P. aeruginosa</em>), and 17 mm (<em>S. mutans</em>). MIC against mixed biofilms was 10 mM, while treatment at 2 × MIC reduced biofilm biomass by 92 %. Live/dead analysis confirmed extensive microbial cell death in biofilms. Hemolysis rates below 5 % established rutin's biocompatibility.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rutin demonstrates potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy with excellent safety, suggesting its potential as an alternative therapy for biofilm-associated oral infections. Further in vivo studies are warranted to validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 541-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of laypeople towards the morphological characteristics of a youthful smile on frontal view: A computerized simulated photographic evaluation","authors":"Marzieh Mazhari ,&nbsp;Sanaz Zemanatkheiri ,&nbsp;Mehrnaz Moradinejad","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The desire for a youthful smile is not limited by age, as individuals seek it throughout their lifetime. Aging affects the components of a smile; accordingly, this study assessed the perspectives of laypeople towards the morphological traits of a youthful smile on the frontal view. In this psychometric study<strong>,</strong> a 26-year-old female with a normal face, normal occlusion, teeth alignment, and no previous cosmetic surgery was employed as the photo model; sixteen smile images were obtained via Adobe Photoshop by varying incisal display, vertical step between maxillary central and lateral incisor, smile arch form, and buccal corridor size. The prepared photos were given to the layperson participants using an online questionnaire for age estimation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 195 laypersons participated in the study. The results revealed that a 2 mm reduction, 4 mm increase, and 4 mm reduction in incisor display would increase the age estimation (P-Value&lt;0.001). Futher, 1 mm reduction, a 0.5 mm reduction, and 0.5 mm increase in vertical step would contribute to overestimation of the age (P-Value&lt;0.001). Additionally, the smile arc's reversed, straight, and moderate convexity increased the age estimation (P-Value&lt;0.001). Regarding buccal corridor size, 1- and 2-mm reduction plus 2-mm increase resulted in age estimates significantly older than the original image (P-Value&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Perceptions of youthfulness are influenced by morphological traits such as incisor display, vertical step between central and lateral, smile arch form, and buccal corridor size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 548-554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}