Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research最新文献

{"title":"Predictive modeling of stem cell suppression by inflammatory cytokine networks: A synthetic transcriptomic approach for periodontal tissue engineering","authors":"Deepavalli Arumuganainar ,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar Yadalam","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic inflammation in periodontitis disrupts the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) through persistent cytokine activity. IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 are major mediators that inhibit bone-forming pathways. However, the complexity of cytokine–gene interactions remains poorly characterized. This study presents a synthetic transcriptomic modeling framework to predict and interpret inflammatory suppression of stem-cell osteogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Time-resolved synthetic gene expression profiles were generated to simulate osteogenic induction under homeostatic, inflammatory, and resolution phases. A curated gene regulatory network (GRN) was incorporated to map cytokine–osteogenesis interactions. Graph autoencoders (GAEs) captured latent topological structure from the expression matrix, while deep neural classifier differentiated inflammatory from control states. The GSE283726 periodontitis transcriptome dataset and iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) were used for validation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Simulations showed that IL-1β and TNF-α strongly activated NF-κB signaling, suppressing osteogenic genes such as RUNX2 and ALPL. IL-6 exhibited context-dependent regulatory behavior. GAEs clearly separated inflammatory and regenerative modules, identifying IL-6 as a key intermediary. The classifier achieved an AUROC of 0.99 and &gt; 95 % accuracy. Validation with real datasets confirmed overlap in differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways, including Wnt inhibition (DKK1) and inflammatory GO terms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Biologically informed synthetic transcriptomics combined with graph autoencoding effectively models cytokine-mediated inhibition of PDLSCs. The framework identifies regulatory nodes supported by real data and offers potential for in silico drug testing. Future work will expand cytokine networks, incorporate diverse cell types, and explore transfer learning for regenerative periodontal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 180-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the role of a novel homeodomain protein in periodontal regenerative therapy: An in-vitro study","authors":"Bhavya Shetty ,&nbsp;Rohit Prasad ,&nbsp;Amrutha Rao ,&nbsp;Tanya Singh ,&nbsp;Akshatha Raj ,&nbsp;Safiya Fatima Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The goal of periodontal treatment is to halt disease progression and restore the structure and function of damaged periodontal tissues. Homeodomains—transcription factors prominently expressed during limb bud formation and craniofacial development—are abundantly present in the periosteum, and their expression continues in postnatal descendant cells, where they play a key role in bone homeostasis and fracture healing. These factors regulate stem cell differentiation critical for cementogenesis, osteogenesis, and periodontal ligament (PDL) regeneration, making them attractive targets for periodontal tissue engineering and regenerative therapies. A deeper understanding of homeodomain protein functions could lead to innovative treatments for periodontal disease and alveolar bone defects. In this context, our study investigated the role of homeodomain proteins in periodontal regeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Periosteum tissue was collected from a fracture site, and protein extracts were prepared. MTT and in vitro wound-healing assays were performed using a PDL cell line co-cultured with homeodomain protein (test group) and PDL cells alone (control group).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The MTT assay revealed that a concentration of 5 μg/mL yielded the highest cell viability. In the wound-healing assay, significant differences between the control and test groups demonstrated that homeodomain expression enhances cell migration and proliferation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Homeodomain protein expression in the periosteum could serve as a novel biomarker for periodontal regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 222-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flourishing systematic reviews, but is evidence keeping pace? A critical evaluation and trend analysis of five orthodontic journals from 2015 to 2024","authors":"J. Monisha,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Madhan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) in Orthodontics have increased substantially, but whether this is commensurate with the evidence generated is questionable.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the evidence outcome from SRMAs, the quality of included primary studies, and the proportion of SRMAs to original research in five orthodontic journals from 2015 to 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>SRMAs in Progress in Orthodontics (PO), Angle Orthodontist (AO), European Journal of Orthodontics (EJO), American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJODO), and Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists (JWFO) published during this period were evaluated for the evidence outcome and Risk of Bias (RoB) of included studies. The proportion of SRMAs to original research was also calculated, and trends were compared across two five-year periods (2015–2019 and 2020–2024).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During this period, 292 SRMAs evaluating 4511 studies for 707 outcomes were published. Of the evaluated outcomes, 16.7 % were fully conclusive, 69.2 % partially conclusive, and 14.1 % inconclusive. Most included studies (n = 3149) showed moderate (37.4 %) or high (32.3 %) RoB. Of all evaluated publications (n = 3904), 7.5 % were SRMAs. Some journals showed an increase in partially conclusive outcomes (AO, JWFO), the proportion of SRMA (EJO), and studies with high RoB, as well as a drop in fully conclusive outcomes (AO, AJODO, PO) in the latter half. However, overall differences remained statistically nonsignificant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Though maintaining the proportion of SRMA to primary research by most journals is comforting, the SRMAs staying less productive in evidence, and primary research with high RoB are a matter of concern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 267-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of infraorbital foramen location based on skeletal malocclusion, maxillary sinus pneumatization and infraorbital canal morphology using 3D CBCT scans","authors":"Gülay Açar ,&nbsp;Ahmet Safa Gökşan ,&nbsp;Guldane Magat","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Understanding the infraorbital foramen (IOF) location is crucial in terms of regional anaesthesia as well as facial filler injection and radiofrequency neurotomy. We aimed to define a safe infraorbital foramen (IOF) location zone using three dimensional (3D) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and to evaluate the influence of skeletal malocclusion (SM), maxillary sinus pneumatization (MSP), and infraorbital canal (IOC) morphology on IOF position.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>3D models of 300 (170 female, 130 male, range 18–50 years) CBCT scans were used to identify the SM, MSP, and IOC types, and to measure the distances from IOF to infraorbital margin, pyriform aperture, and zygion to determine IOF position. Using combined distances the IOF location zone was formed and divided into nine zones.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The IOF was predominantly located in the superocentral zones (Zones 1–6) in Class II patients, mostly associated with hypoplastic MS, Type I and IV IOCs. Conversely, in Class III patients mostly linked to hyperplastic MS, Type II and III IOCs, the likelihood of IOF was mainly observed in the inferocentral zones (Zones 4–9). Also, we observed a significant increase in the prevalence of Class I, hypoplastic MS, Type I and IV IOCs with age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results suggest that prediction of a safe IOF zone is possible based on SM, MSP, and IOC types in relation to gender and age within the studied population using 3D CBCT technology. This is essential for improved treatment planning and avoidance of iatrogenic injury during midface procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 160-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of salivary contamination during light curing on degree of conversion and color stability of two composite resins","authors":"Marzieh Rohaninasab ,&nbsp;Shima Falahat ,&nbsp;Golnaz Tayebi ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Manouchehri ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Sadeghi Mahounak","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adequate polymerization of composite resin restorations is critical for their mechanical performance and long-term clinical success. Salivary contamination during light curing can interfere with polymerization and may influence color stability.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This in vitro study examined how artificial saliva contamination at specific intervals during light curing affects the DC (degree of conversion) and short-term color change or ΔE (Delta E) of two composite resins—Gradia Direct (microhybrid) and N-Ceram Bulk Fill (nanohybrid).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred eighty disk specimens (n = 90 per composite) were allocated into nine experimental groups differing in contamination timing and curing duration. DC was determined by FTIR-ATR (Fourier-Transform Infrared- Attenuated Total Reflectance) spectroscopy immediately after curing and following 24-h incubation at 37 °C. Color change (ΔE) was measured with a spectrophotometer using the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) L<em>a</em>b∗ system. Statistical analysis employed one- and two-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Early contamination (within the first 5–10 s) produced a significant reduction in DC for both materials (p &lt; 0.001), with N-Ceram showing the greatest loss. Gradia achieved higher DC across most conditions. Post-cure incubation improved DC in all groups, most notably in N-Ceram. All ΔE values remained below the perceptibility threshold of 3.3, with no significant differences among groups (p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Saliva exposure early in light curing markedly reduces polymerization efficiency, although extended curing and post-cure polymerization can partially restore DC. Short-term color stability appears unaffected. Strict field isolation and optimized curing protocols are essential to maximize clinical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 254-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro evaluation of shear bond strength and bond-failure of isoamyl cyanoacrylate-resin adhesive ratios for bonding 3D-Printed denture bases and teeth","authors":"Divyansh Sinha,&nbsp;Ram Kiran,&nbsp;Suresh Venugopalan","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Shear bond strength between 3D-printed denture bases and teeth is inferior compared to conventional and milled dentures.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The success of 3D-printed complete dentures depends on reliable bonding between the denture base and teeth. This study evaluated shear bond strength and modes of bond failure of various isoamyl cyanoacrylate (ICA) and 3D printing resin formulations in different ratios.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Adhesive formulations of standardized ICA-to-resin ratios were prepared. Fifty samples were randomized into five groups: 0 % (control), 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % ICA. Specimens were fabricated per ISO/TS 19736 standards using 3D-printed denture base and tooth resins. After bonding and polymerization, samples underwent shear bond strength testing. Failure modes were examined under stereomicroscope and classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 50 % ICA group showed the highest mean shear bond strength (3.738 ± 0.063 MPa), significantly greater than all others (P = 0.000). The control group exhibited the lowest strength (1.602 ± 0.140 MPa). Bond failure analysis showed predominantly adhesive failures in the control, whereas the 50 % ICA group had the greatest proportion of cohesive and mixed failures, indicating improved interfacial bonding and internal strength.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A 50:50 ratio of isoamyl cyanoacrylate and light-cure 3D printing resin provides optimal bond strength and favorable failure patterns for bonding 3D-printed denture bases and teeth suggesting that a hybrid adhesive approach offers a promising solution to enhance the durability of 3D-printed dentures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual pathway activation in wound repair: An in vitro study of betanin and theaflavin on periodontal ligament fibroblasts","authors":"Arwa Alihusain Kapasi ,&nbsp;Taniya Mary Martin ,&nbsp;Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar ,&nbsp;Jayalakshmi Somasundaram ,&nbsp;Kommireddy Vaishnavi","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Wound healing is a highly coordinated biological process involving inflammation resolution and neovascularization. Dysregulation of these processes can result in chronic wounds, especially in inflammatory or oxidative stress–rich environments. There is growing interest in natural compounds that can simultaneously promote angiogenesis and suppress inflammation to enhance wound healing outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the synergistic wound-healing effects of betanin and theaflavin in vitro by assessing their ability to enhance cell viability, migration, and gene expression related to inflammation and angiogenesis in human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PDL fibroblasts were treated with betanin, theaflavin, and their combinations at two concentrations (<em>viz.,</em> 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 μg/mL) were preliminary screened by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and based on the IC₅₀ values, further tested with two concentrations (10 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL, individually and in combination). The scratch assay was employed to evaluate fibroblast migration. To assess molecular changes, qRT-PCR was performed to quantify expression levels of VEGF-A, HIF-1α, NF-κB, IκBα, and IL-10.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Combination treatment significantly enhanced cell viability and wound closure compared to individual treatments and controls. Gene expression analysis showed increased expression of VEGF-A and HIF-1α, indicating improved angiogenic potential. Concurrently, NF-κB expression was reduced, while IκBα and IL-10 were upregulated, indicating anti-inflammatory activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combined use of betanin and theaflavin enhances in vitro wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and modulating inflammatory responses. This integrative strategy may offer a promising natural therapeutic approach for managing tissue repair in oral and dermal wounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of breathing convenience and clinical acceptance of a new patented mouth breathing device for rubber dam: A randomized clinical study","authors":"Geetanjali Jain,&nbsp;Ajay Singh Rao,&nbsp;Shreya Volety,&nbsp;Vidula Bhandary,&nbsp;Rutvi Karande","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The rubber dam isolation technique is widely used in endodontics to improve visibility and access, yet it often causes patient discomfort, especially for those with difficulty breathing through their nose. To address this, a new patented mouth breathing device (MBD) was developed to enhance patient comfort by facilitating easier mouth breathing during rubber dam isolation. This study aims to evaluate the breathing convenience and clinical acceptance of the MBD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a randomized clinical trial, 36 patients undergoing endodontic procedures with rubber dam isolation were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (MBD) or the control group (no device). A custom-developed questionnaire was used to assess patient comfort, ease of breathing, and overall satisfaction with the procedure. Clinicians also provided feedback on the device's impact on treatment efficiency, patient cooperation, and clinical outcomes. Data were analyzed using statistical tests to compare the results between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study evaluated 36 participants, evenly divided into two groups with a significant age difference (p = 0.04). Group A (Test) showed improved outcomes, including reduced blood pressure (SBP: 14.12 mmHg, DBP: 16.76 mmHg) and increased oxygen saturation (SpO2: +5.71 %, p &lt; 0.001). In contrast, Group B (Control) showed worsened outcomes with increased blood pressure and decreased SpO2 (−6.12 %, p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The patented mouth breathing device offers significant benefits in terms of breathing convenience and patient comfort during rubber dam isolation. The device appears to be a promising adjunct to improve clinical outcomes by reducing patient anxiety and discomfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 132-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion by Fluoridated and Non-fluoridated Bioactive Glass and Propolis desensitizers by scanning electron microscopy","authors":"Athira Murali,&nbsp;Sapna Chandira Muddappa,&nbsp;Prabath Singh V P,&nbsp;Rakesh R. Rajan,&nbsp;Remya M,&nbsp;Gayathri Presannakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.10.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Dentin hypersensitivity is a worldwide epidemiological dental health issue, bioactive toothpaste has been demonstarted in alleviating dentin hypersensitivity along with propolis. Hence their comparison as desensitizing agents in dentinal tubule occlusion is carried out in this research. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Fluoridated Bioactive Glass dentifrice, Non-fluoridated Bioactive Glass dentifrice, and Propolis containing dentifrice in dentinal tubule occlusion using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and its resistance to acid.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is an In vitro study design with permanent maxillary and mandibular premolars, which were divided into four groups. Group 1 – Fluoridated bioactive glass (FBaG) Toothpaste; Group 2 – Bioactive glass (BaG) Toothpaste; Group 3 – Propolis Toothpaste; Group 4 – Saline. Dentin discs were obtained from the samples. 37 % phosphoric acid was used to etch and expose the dentinal tubules. Rubber cup was used to apply the desensitizing agent. Samples were then subjected to 6 % citric acid. The degree of occlusion was evaluated using SEM after application of desensitizing agent and after application of citric acid.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistical analysis was calculated and results obtained showed that specimens treated with FBaG and BaG showed highest degree of tubule occlusion with a mean value of (2.33) followed by Propolis with mean values of (3.00) and least number of occluded tubules after application of desensitizing agent. Propolis showed highest degree of occlusion with a mean value of (2.33) followed by FBaG (2.66) and BaG (3.00) after application of citric acid.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Study concluded that FBaG and BaG-containing dentifrice showed a significant degree of dentinal tubule occlusion. Propolis demonstrated better resistance to acid attack.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of multinucleated giant cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective clinicopathological study","authors":"Kuldeep Singh,&nbsp;Priya Kumar,&nbsp;Aadithya B. Urs","doi":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multinucleated Giant Cells (MGCs) are akin to immune cells that play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of MGCs in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) through comprehensive analysis of their presence, localization, and correlation with survival outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine whether the presence and distribution of MGCs in OSCC correlates with tumor stage, histopathological features, and overall survival, thereby assessing their potential prognostic value.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>100 proven cases of OSCC were retrieved with complete clinicopathological data. Haematoxylin-eosin sections were reviewed independently by three pathologists and grouped into two, with and without MGCs. The distribution, and average number of MGCs per 5HPF per case were examined. All clinicopathological parameters and prognosis based on Bryne's grading were compared between groups. The overall survival with follow-up period of &gt;36 months was analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>34 cases with MGCs were found, out of which 21 patients are alive. Cases with MGCs had pTNM stage III whereas majority of cases without MGC's had stage IV. Significant correlation was found for lympho-vascular invasion only. Cases with MGC's showed good prognostic score according to Bryne's grading, while without MGC's showed moderate to poor prognostic score. Cases of alveolar mucosa, including gingiva and ridge SCC with MGCs, showed poor survival.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the potential role of MGCs in OSCC, suggesting an association with earlier tumor stages and favorable prognostic scores. Further research is needed to assess their prognostic and therapeutic relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}