Journal of Oral Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> sialidase reshapes gut microbiota to affect serum metabolism and splenic immunity: insights from a murine study.","authors":"Qibing Wu, Hongxia Li, Yixi Niu, Hanmo Li, Junchao Liu, Yaping Pan, Chen Li, Shuwei Zhang","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2710456","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2710456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P. gingivalis</i>), a major periodontal pathogen can alter the gut microbial composition, serum metabolites and systemic immune status in mice. However, the role of its sialidase in modulating these parameters remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of <i>P. gingivalis</i> sialidase on gut microbiota, serum metabolites and their correlations with systemic immune responses.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>C57BL/6 mice were orally inoculated with <i>P. gingivalis</i> W83, its sialidase-deficient ΔPG0352 mutant or PBS twice weekly following antibiotic pretreatment. After 40 days, spleen samples were collected for histological examination and cytokine analysis. Faecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing, and the serum samples were analysed by untargeted metabolomics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>P. gingivalis</i> W83 group exhibited severe splenic inflammation and higher inflammatory cytokine levels than the other two groups. 16S rRNA gene analysis identified 19 differential bacterial genera (including <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Prevotellaceae_UCG-001</i>) between the <i>P. gingivalis</i> W83 and ∆PG0352 groups. Metabolomics detected 12 key differential metabolites mainly involved in energy metabolism and amino acid biosynthesis pathways. Correlation analysis revealed phosphatidylcholine as a central metabolite, positively correlated with <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Prevotellaceae</i>_UCG-001 and IL-1β, confirming its hub role linking metabolic shifts to immune activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>P. gingivalis</i> sialidase exacerbated systemic inflammation by reshaping gut microbiota, driving phosphatidylcholine-centred metabolic reprogramming and amplifying splenic immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2710456"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13425540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The survival status of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> under low heme conditions.","authors":"Chengying Du, Rui Sun, Chengzhi Xie, Siyu Sun, Qian Li, Qi Zhao, Hongyan Wang","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2707745","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2707745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P. gingivalis</i>) is a key pathogen in the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis. As a heme auxotrophic bacterium, <i>P. gingivalis</i> must acquire heme from the host environment as a source of both iron and the porphyrin ring. The scarcity of heme in healthy periodontal tissues and during the early stages of periodontitis serves as a critical factor governing the viability and pathogenic potential of <i>P. gingivalis</i>. The unique heme uptake pathway supports targeted treatment development.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review systematically summarizes the adaptive mechanisms of <i>P. gingivalis</i> in nutrient-restricted environments, its crosstalk with oral microbes, and related therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We review the published literature and elucidate the survival mechanisms of <i>P. gingivalis</i> in nutrient-restricted environments from five dimensions: growth morphology, virulence phenotype, heme transport system, metabolic enzyme activity, and transcriptional regulatory network. We also explore the possible mechanisms by which <i>P. gingivalis</i> disrupts immune homeostasis, leading to microbial dysbiosis, and analyze its synergistic interactions with other oral microorganisms. Based on the unique heme acquisition mechanism of <i>P. gingivalis</i>, we summary novel therapeutic strategies reported in existing research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heme limitation reshapes <i>P. gingivalis</i> morphology, virulence, metabolism and heme acquisition systems. Interactions with <i>S. gordonii</i> and <i>C. albicans</i> boost its pathogenicity and trigger microbial dysbiosis. Porphyrin-conjugated antibiotics, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and vaccines are promising heme-targeted therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Heme scarcity is a decisive environmental factor regulating the survival and pathogenic transformation of <i>P. gingivalis</i>. Under heme-limited conditions, the bacterium activates a complete set of adaptive survival programs and interacts with other oral microbes to disrupt tissue immune balance and trigger microbial dysbiosis. Targeting its distinctive heme acquisition system is a feasible and promising direction for developing novel therapies against chronic periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2707745"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The oral‒gut axis in periodontal disease: a systematic review of the associated human evidence of its mechanisms and implications for patient care.","authors":"Edward Coote, Nitesh Patel, Rajesh Vijayanarayanan","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2705699","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2705699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontal diseases may influence systemic health through the oral-gut axis, with three mechanistic pathways proposed. Periodontitis-associated gut dysbiosis has been repeatedly observed and may plausibly extend to effects on drug metabolism, yet the literature on periodontitis-associated dysbiosis and that on its potential effects on medicine pharmacokinetics have not previsouly been bridged.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To synthesise the available human evidence for each of the three pathways with a distinct focus on the interventional evidence, and to position the evidence to its clinical context alongside downstream outcomes and the implications for patients and clinicians. Our secondary aim was to connect the dysbiosis and pharmacokinetic literatures in a hypothesis-generating section.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO. PubMed and Scopus were searched and eligibility restricted to human studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 76 studies were included following full-text assessment by two independent reviewers. Across the three pathways, the human evidence was placed in clinical context with its downstream outcomes. Direct evidence that periodontitis modeifies drug response in humans was not identified, however, we were able to provide a hypothesis-generating section that identifies four drug classes for which a periodontitis-mediated modification of drug response would be most clinically relevant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The oral-gut axis is a biologically plausible but, currently, under-evidenced route from periodontal disease to systemic and pharmacological outcomes. Future reserach should prioritise prospective comparative pharmacokinetic studies in periodontitis-affected popualtions and field-wide standardisation of methodology across oral-gut microbiome research.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2705699"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13393059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying treatment attribution and lesion-level signals in periodontal multi-omics for diabetes.","authors":"Man Sun, Dan Zang, Jun Chen","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2701559","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2701559","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2701559"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulence diversity among <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> strains: a review of genetic factors.","authors":"Hanie Ahmadi, Jacob Burks, Katherine A Innamorati, Garth D Ehrlich, Ann Progulske-Fox","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2701564","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2701564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P. gingivalis</i>) is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium and a keystone pathogen in chronic periodontitis. Beyond oral disease, it has been implicated in systemic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegeneration. Marked strain-to-strain differences in tissue invasion, immune evasion, and pathogenicity suggest that virulence is shaped by complex genetic and regulatory interactions rather than a single determinant.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarize current knowledge of the genetic diversity of <i>P. gingivalis</i> virulence determinants and their contribution to strain-specific pathogenicity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the diversity of major virulence determinants, including fimbriae (FimA and Mfa1), gingipains (RgpA/RgpB/Kgp), Hag-family hemagglutinins, capsular polysaccharide loci, lipopolysaccharide variants, the RagAB nutrient acquisition system, and the type IX secretion system. It also examines the roles of allelic variation, domain rearrangements, phase variation, and horizontal gene transfer in shaping strain-specific virulence repertoires.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The reviewed evidence indicates that genetic variation across multiple virulence-associated loci contributes to substantial phenotypic diversity among <i>P. gingivalis</i> strains, influencing host interaction, tissue tropism, immune modulation, and pathogenic potential. Integrating comparative genomics with functional phenotyping provides a framework for predicting strain-specific virulence and may facilitate the development of improved diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2701564"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dental caries and self-reported COPD prevalence in U.S. adults ages ≥ 60-year: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2015-2020.","authors":"Chengyu Huang, Wentao Lin, Wen Zhou","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2705671","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2705671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on the association between dental caries and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk in older adults is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the associations of coronal and root caries with self-reported COPD prevalence in this population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2020. Coronal caries was measured by the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Root caries was recorded as presence or absence. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were applied to assess the associations of coronal caries and root caries with COPD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3,972 eligible participants were included, with a weighted self-reported COPD prevalence of 13.68%. Per 1-unit increase in DMFT was associated with higher odds of COPD (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.02-1.06, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Participants with root caries had elevated odds (OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.02-2.11, <i>p</i> = 0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coronal and root caries are independently associated with higher odds of self-reported COPD in U.S. older adults. However, given the cross-sectional design, causal inference cannot be established, and further prospective research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2705671"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A two-hit ecological framework linking social context to caries-associated microbiome shifts in children.","authors":"KeXin Xue, Shengmei Lei, Xiaojing Cheng, Wenfei Xu, Zhehao Lin, Yutong Zhou, Xiaokai Mao, Xin Ge, Haihua Zhu, Fudong Zhu","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2677291","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2677291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental caries arises from an ecological imbalance within a complex community. How chronic social context relates to ecological heterogeneity and dysbiosis-associated microbial shifts in school-age children remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the associations of left-behind status and caries burden with the salivary microbiome and to explore a two-hit ecological framework linking social context to caries-associated microbial shifts.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 127 rural children were classified using a 2 × 2 framework based on left-behind status and caries burden. Saliva samples underwent shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Ecological analyses and covariate-adjusted multivariable models were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpha diversity did not differ across groups. Global community centroids were similar, whereas within-group dispersion was higher in left-behind children, suggesting greater ecological heterogeneity. After covariate adjustment, no genus-level associations remained significant, whereas several KEGG level 3 pathways related to translation and carbohydrate utilization were positively associated with dmft. Stratified analyses showed concordant caries-related enrichment of <i>Streptococcus, Veillonella</i>, and carbohydrate-utilization pathways across social strata. Ecological subtyping identified <i>Neisseria-</i> and <i>Veillonella-</i>anchored community types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings are consistent with a two-hit ecological framework in which social context is associated with greater ecological heterogeneity and cariogenic pressure is associated with reproducible functional shifts. Given the cross-sectional design, this framework should be considered hypothesis-generating.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2677291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13360639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic analysis of tongue samples from healthy subjects identifies distinct microbiome orotypes.","authors":"Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri, Raidan Ba-Hattab, Abeer Alomairi, Abdullah Syed, Khalid Azouni, Nadeen Batta, Fathiya Almeer, Rami Assad, Alghalia Al-Mansoori, Nahla O Eltai, Najah Al-Hashimi, Nezar Noor Al-Hebshi, Abeer A Almashraqi","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2687934","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2687934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The tongue dorsum harbors a complex microbiome that remains incompletely characterized.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to characterize the tongue microbiome-including its phageome-in a healthy Qatari population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on tongue-coating samples from 92 systemically healthy adults to comprehensively profile the bacteriome, phageome and functional potential of the tongue microbiome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Taxonomic profiling revealed a predominantly bacterial community (>99%) dominated by <i>Veillonella, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Rothia, Prevotella, Haemophilus</i> and <i>Pauljensenia</i>. Among low-abundance domains, the fungus <i>Saccharomyces</i> and the protist <i>Entamoeba</i> were most prevalent. Dirichlet-multinomial mixture clustering identified three distinct bacterial 'orotypes' (C1-C3) showing significant compositional separation (PERMANOVA, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and alpha diversity differences at both genus and species levels. A major compositional gradient involved enrichment of <i>Neisseria</i> and <i>Haemophilus</i> in C2, their absence in C3 and intermediate representation in C1. Functional profiling revealed a conserved core of housekeeping pathways across orotypes, wherease adaptive functionsdiffered across orotypes, particularly in the Neisseria/Haemophilus-enriched C2 orotype. The phageome was dominated by Uroviricota (class Caudoviricetes).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings identify distinct tongue microbiome orotypes with conserved core functions, divergent taxonomic and metabolic profiles, and provide new insights into the tongue phageome, establishing a foundation for investigating their roles in health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2687934"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13360510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between taste and oral microbiome: mechanisms and implications for oral and systemic diseases.","authors":"Mengpei Xi, Shaoying Li, Yumu Tang, Jianhui Zhu, Shuli Deng","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2699527","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2699527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The oral microbiome is a complex microbial ecosystem that contributes to oral and systemic health. Emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional interaction between oral microbiota and taste, although its underlying mechanisms and disease implications remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to summarize current knowledge regarding the interactions between the oral microbiome and taste, elucidate the potential mechanisms involved, and discuss their relevance to human diseases.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Recent advances in clinical and experimental studies were reviewed, focusing on microbial metabolism, immunoinflammatory regulation, taste receptor modulation, and microbial-host interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral microorganisms may influence taste perception through metabolite production, inflammatory pathways, alteration of taste receptor expression, and other mechanisms such as physical barriers. Conversely, taste perception and taste receptors can regulate microbial colonization by shaping dietary behaviors and local immune responses. These interactions may contribute to the development and progression of oral diseases, extraoral inflammatory diseases, cardiometabolic disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The taste-oral microbiome axis represents an emerging regulatory network linking microbial ecology, sensory function, and disease pathogenesis. Further longitudinal and mechanistic studies are required to clarify causal relationships and explore microbiome-targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2699527"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13360516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral microbiome dynamics across periodontitis severity stratified by type 2 diabetes status.","authors":"Jun Mi, Mengfan Zhi, Xiaoyu Sun, Meihui Li, Tianyong Sun, Xiufeng Gu, Pishan Yang, Qiang Feng","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2698205","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2698205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The oral microbiome serves as an effector of bidirectional promotion between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the association between diabetes status and oral microbiota alterations and whether these patterns explained increased periodontitis severity remains unclearly illuminated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, an investigation was conducted into the association of T2DM with periodontitis severity from the perspective of the oral microbiome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled cohorts of patients with and without T2DM presenting periodontitis. Combined with bioinformatics and statistical analyses, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was utilized for characterizing the oral microbiome across four oral niches in patients with different T2DM statuses and periodontitis severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral microbiome composition was dysregulated in the context of periodontitis with or without T2DM. The variation pattern of the oral microbiome showed obvious differences. <i>Capnocytophaga sputigena</i>, <i>Fusobacterium hwasookii,</i> and <i>Capnocytophaga gingivalis</i> demonstrated a significant down-regulation exclusively in T2DM subjects. Compared with non-diabetic (ND) subjects, T2DM subjects exhibited markedly altered correlation patterns between <i>Filifactor alocis</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum,</i> and other periodontitis-associated differential microbes and clinical parameters. <i>Solobacterium moorei</i>, <i>Catonella morbi,</i> and several additional taxa were potential biomarkers of periodontitis severity in T2DM subjects. In addition, T2DM altered microbial interaction between plaque (Pla) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) communities, which may form an oral microbial environment facilitating periodontitis severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T2DM greatly reshapes periodontitis-associated oral microbial dysbiosis patterns, which additionally display T2DM-specific microbial traits. This highlights the unique regulatory role and significant impact of T2DM on oral microbiome alterations in periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2698205"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}