Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Antioxidant Activity, Glycemic Response, and Functional Properties of Rice Cooked with Red Palm Oil.","authors":"Samsu U Nurdin, Siti Nurdjanah, Ramadhan Triyandi, Bambang Nurhadi","doi":"10.1155/2024/3483292","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3483292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High rice consumption levels accompanied by a lifestyle lacking in physical activity leads to obesity and diabetes due to the rice consumed generally has high digestibility and high glycemic index. Red palm oil (RPO) is a vegetable oil suggested to have the potential to reduce starch digestibility and increase the bioactive compounds of rice. This research aimed to find out the best cooking method to produce rice with a sensory quality similar to regular rice and to study the effect of the best cooking method on the glycemic response and physicochemical properties of rice. The results showed that RPO addition increased the antioxidant activities and total carotenoid levels of rice. The addition of RPO after cooking has better antioxidant activity and total carotenoid than before cooking. Adding 2% RPO before or after cooking produced rice with similar or better sensory quality than regular rice. Rice cooked with 2% RPO added before cooking had a lower glycemic response than regular rice, which was suggested to be caused by the increasing formation of the amylose lipid complex and the triglycerides that protected the starch from amylase enzyme. The formation of the amylose lipid complex and triglyceride layers protecting rice starch was confirmed by the new peaks of the FTIR spectra, the appearance of oil-coated starch morphology, and the changes in the proportion of C and O atoms. In conclusion, the addition of 2% RPO before the cooking process can be considered as a cooking method to produce rice for diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3483292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11081750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid-Base Balance in Healthy Adults: Beneficial Effects of Bicarbonate and Sodium-Rich Mineral Water in a Randomized Controlled Trial: The BicarboWater Study.","authors":"Katharina Mansouri, Theresa Greupner, Edda van de Flierdt, Inga Schneider, Andreas Hahn","doi":"10.1155/2024/3905500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3905500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a global health challenge. The complex etiology of NCDs involves genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including dietary habits. Chronic latent metabolic acidosis has been associated with an increased risk of NCDs. Alkalizing diets and mineral water consumption have shown promise in improving acid-base balance and potentially impacting NCDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized controlled intervention study, the effect of drinking 1,500-2,000 mL of mineral water daily on acid-base balance was evaluated. Ninety-four healthy participants were divided into two groups: one consumed mineral water with a high bicarbonate and sodium content (HBS, <i>n</i> = 49) and the other consumed mineral water with a low bicarbonate and sodium content (LBS, <i>n</i> = 45). Changes in venous blood gas and urinary acid-base parameters were measured over a short-term (3 days) and long-term (28 days) intervention period. Potential renal acid load (PRAL) and nutrient intake were calculated at baseline and after 28 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HBS water consumption led to increased urinary pH (24-hour urine and spontaneous urine, both <i>p</i> < 0.001) and bicarbonate levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001), accompanied by reduced titratable acids (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and ammonium (<i>p</i> < 0.001), resulting in a lower renal net acid excretion (<i>p</i> < 0.001). These changes occurred in the short term and persisted until the end of the study. LBS consumption showed no significant effects on urinary pH but led to a slight decrease in bicarbonate (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and NH₄ ⁺ (<i>p</i> < 0.001), resulting in a slight decrease in NAE (<i>p</i>=0.011). Blood gas changes were modest in both groups. Mineral water consumption in the HBS group altered dietary intake of sodium and chloride, contributing to changes in PRAL values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrates that the consumption of mineral water high in bicarbonate and sodium (1,500 mL-2,000 mL/day) can positively influence urinary acid-base parameters and reduce NAE, suggesting potential benefits in maintaining acid-base balance without adverse effects on human health. These findings highlight the importance of mineral water composition in acid-base regulation. This trial is registered with DRKS00025341.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3905500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11390205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of an Eight-Week Swimming Program on Body Composition and Assessment of Dietary Intake in Post-COVID-19 Patients.","authors":"Bostjan Jakše, Barbara Gilić, Marko Đurović, Dorica Šajber","doi":"10.1155/2024/3037784","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3037784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 infection and its consequences (long-term COVID-19 syndrome) have implications for weight loss, body composition, and diet quality. In the context of the \"PostCovSwim\" project, which is part of a broader international study, the impact of an eight-week swimming program on post-COVID-19 patients' nutritional status (i.e., body composition and dietary intake) was evaluated. Body composition and dietary intake were assessed by medically approved and calibrated bioelectrical impedance (Tanita 780 S MA) and food frequency questionnaires. At the baseline, most participants were classified as overweight based on their body mass index (BMI). However, their body fat percentage (BF%) classification indicated normal weight, although females were near obesity thresholds. Furthermore, at the baseline, according to the BMI classification, 62% of females and 61% of males were female, whereas according to the BF% for obesity classification, 44% of females and 43% of males were considered overweight or obese. Surprisingly, despite the eight-week program, there were no significant changes in body composition. Additionally, the assessment of dietary intake, which remained consistent throughout the study, revealed dietary imbalances characterized by an unhealthy low-carbohydrate, high-fat dietary pattern. This dietary pattern entailed excessive consumption of ultraprocessed foods; reduced carbohydrate intake (39% E vs. 37% E); increased total fat intake (46% E vs. 47% E); increased saturated fatty acids (14% E vs. 13% E); increased cholesterol (412 mg/d vs. 425 mg/d); increased free sugars (7% E vs. 7% E); and inadequate intake of fibre (24 g/d vs. 20 g/d), polyunsaturated fatty acids (6.6% E vs. 7.7% E), vitamin B12 (in females: 3.1 <i>µ</i>g/d), vitamin C (86 mg/d vs. 66 mg/d), vitamin D (2 <i>µ</i>g/d vs. 3.2 <i>µ</i>g/d), folate (in males: 258 <i>µ</i>g/d), calcium (777 mg/d vs. 743 mg/d), and selenium (in males: 66 <i>µ</i>g/d). After an eight-week swimming program following COVID-19, no significant changes were observed in the subjects' body composition. Their dietary intake was found to not align with the dietary recommendations. These findings underscore the urgency of implementing comprehensive dietary and lifestyle interventions for post-COVID-19 patients to optimize their recovery and overall well-being. Physical activity, like a swimming program, may positively affect various aspects of human well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3037784"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10990646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Zinc Deficiency, Taste Changes, and Salivary Flow Rates following Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy Surgeries.","authors":"Boshra Mozaffar, Hayat Mozaffar, Mohammed Alkharaiji, Aly Elbahrawy, Iskandar Idris","doi":"10.1155/2024/1197571","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1197571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of taste change (hypogeusia) and its association with zinc deficiency is unclear due to differences in methods of assessment. We investigate the prevalence of hypogeusia using mixed methods and link it with changes in zinc levels following mini gastric bypass (MGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational study of MGB (<i>N</i> = 18) and SG (<i>N</i> = 25). Hypogeusia was evaluated by using a validated questionnaire and by taste strips procedure along with serum zinc levels and salivary flow rate measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 40.0 ± 9.7 years; 60.5% were female. By using a questionnaire, MGB patients experienced greater hypogeusia than SG at 3 months (72.0% vs 36.0%; (<i>p</i>=0.03)), but not at 6 months (56.0% vs 45.0%; (<i>p</i>=0.74)), respectively. Using taste strips, at 6 months, more MGB patients experienced hypogeusia compared with SG (44.0% vs 11.0%; <i>p</i>=0.03). Zinc level was reduced following MGB at 6 months (85.6 ± 16.9 <i>μ</i>gm/dl vs 67.5 ± 9.2 <i>μ</i>gm/dl; (<i>P</i>=0.004)) but was increased at 6 months following SG (76.9 ± 11.4 vs 84.9 ± 21.7 <i>μ</i>gm/dl). Reduction in the rate of salivary flow was observed in 66.0% and 72.0% of MGB and SG patients, respectively, at 3 months and in 53.0% and 70.0% at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taste change is more prevalent following MGB compared with SG, especially at 6 months postoperation which parallel with changes in zinc levels. More than half of all patients who had undergone bariatric surgery (BS) had low to very low salivary flow rates during the follow-up. This study suggests an association between low zinc levels and reduced salivary flow with hypogeusia following BS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1197571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10977327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Acute Sarcopenia in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.","authors":"D M S Silva, T A Valadão, C Caporosi, J E Aguilar-Nascimento, D B Dock-Nascimento","doi":"10.1155/2024/7857489","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7857489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic is an extraordinary global emergency. The pandemic has changed profoundly people's lifestyles. This resulted in reductions in physical activity and changes in dietary intakes that have the potential to accelerate sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with acute sarcopenia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January/2021 to March/2022 in a private hospital in Cuiabá/MT, central region of Brazil. The main variable was the prevalence of acute sarcopenia among adults hospitalized with COVID19. Patients were assessed for acute sarcopenia using the SARC-F ≥4 questionnaire (strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls), grip strength (<20 kg (female) and <35 kg (male)), and calf circumference (<33 cm (female) and <34 cm (male)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 213 patients aged 57.4 ± 15.4 years, 63.8% male, were studied. Thirty-four (16.0%) patients were diagnosed with acute sarcopenia. Advanced age (older people) and the percentage of weight lost ≥3% before hospitalization were independent risk factors for acute sarcopenia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute sarcopenia was present in 16% of patients. Advanced age and percentage of weight lost ≥3% were independent risk factors for acute sarcopenia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7857489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10950415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric and Biochemical Correlations of Insulin Resistance in a Middle-Aged Maltese Caucasian Population.","authors":"Rachel Agius, Nikolai Paul Pace, Stephen Fava","doi":"10.1155/2024/5528250","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5528250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk, and with increased all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. A number of surrogate markers are used in clinical practice to diagnose IR. The aim of this study was to investigate the discriminatory power of a number of routinely available anthropometric and biochemical variables in predicting IR and to determine their optimal cutoffs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional study in a cohort of middle-aged individuals. We used receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analyses in order to determine the discriminatory power of parameters of interest in detecting IR, which was defined as homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance ≥2.5.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both the lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) exhibited good discriminatory power to detect IR in both males and females. The optimal cutoffs were 42.5 and 1.44, respectively, in males and 36.2 and 1.41, respectively, in females. Serum triglycerides (TG) and waist circumference (WC) similarly demonstrated good discriminatory power in detecting IR in both sexes. The optimal cutoffs for serum TG and WC were 1.35 mmol/L and 96.5 cm, respectively, in men and 1.33 mmol/L and 82 cm, respectively, in women. On the other hand, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, liver transaminases, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum uric acid, ferritin, waist-hip ratio, \"A\" body shape, thigh circumference, and weight-adjusted thigh circumference all had poor discriminatory power.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data show that LAP, VAI, TG, and WC all have good discriminatory power in detecting IR in both men and women. The optimal cutoffs for TG and WC were lower than those currently recommended in both sexes. Replication studies are required in different subpopulations and different ethnicities in order to be able to update the current cut points to ones which reflect the contemporary population as well as to evaluate their longitudinal relationship with longer-term cardiometabolic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5528250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10901578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Components of Metabolic Syndrome and Demographic, Nutritional, and Lifestyle Factors.","authors":"Layne Christina Benedito de Assis Lima, Séphora Louyse Silva Aquino, Aline Tuane Oliveira da Cunha, Talita do Nascimento Peixoto, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Karine Cavalcanti Maurício Sena-Evangelista, Josivan Gomes Lima, Lucia Fátima Campos Pedrosa","doi":"10.1155/2024/8821212","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8821212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the associations between individuals with and without changes in components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and demographic, nutritional, and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 224 individuals followed-up at a public hospital in Northeast Brazil. We used National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP) criteria to diagnose MetS. We assessed components of MetS as dependent variables, while sex, age, food consumption, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, anthropometric parameters, and sleep hours were independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparing individuals with and without changes in components of MetS, the logistic regression models revealed that female sex was predictive of increased waist circumference and low HDL-c levels while advanced age was predictive of increased blood pressure and blood glucose levels. BMI emerged as a predictor for waist circumference and a protective factor for triglyceride levels. In addition, potassium intake, physical activity, and sleep duration were protective against decreased HDL-c, elevated triglyceride, and elevated blood pressure levels, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that sex, age, BMI, dietary potassium intake, physical activity, and hours of sleep are factors to be targeted in public health actions for prevention and treatment of MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8821212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10817810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139570833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Modified Atkins Ketogenic Diet on Children with Intractable Epilepsy: A Pilot Study from Indonesia","authors":"Achmad Rafli, S. Handryastuti, M. Karyanti, Yoga Devaera, Cut Nurul Hafifah, I. Mangunatmadja, Muzal Kadim, E. Herini, Lora Sri Nofi, Ariek Ratnawati, Suci Fitrianti","doi":"10.1155/2023/9222632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9222632","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The ketogenic diet has recently been explored as a potential treatment approach for intractable epilepsy in children and has been applied in various parts of the world. The ketogenic diet is also effective for the treatment of mood disorders, especially for adolescent and young adults with epilepsy. The Modified Atkins Diet (MAD) is the less restrictive type of ketogenic diet with similar principles as the classic type. However, no study has been conducted to evaluate the use of MAD in children with severe epilepsy in Indonesia. This study aims to assess the effectiveness, tolerance, compliance, and the adverse effects of MAD in children with intractable epilepsy during a 6-month monitoring period. Methods. This is a pilot experimental study involving children aged 2–18 years old with intractable epilepsy at the Pediatric Neurology and the Pediatric Nutrition & Metabolic Diseases Clinics at the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta between November 2021 and June 2022. Results. A total of 31 subjects met the inclusion criteria and received the MAD in the first month, followed by 13 (41.9%) subjects in the third month, and 9 (29%) subjects in the sixth month. The MAD reduced the seizure frequency by 50% (p=0.144), 62% (p=0.221), and 83.3% (p=0.028) in the first, third, and sixth months, respectively. The most frequent adverse effects are vomiting and diarrhea. Noncompliance was observed in 18 (58.1%) subjects. A sample of the MAD food menu guidebook was developed to make it easier for parents to adhere to the diet. Conclusions. The MAD reduces the mean seizure frequency in children with intractable epilepsy in the first, third, and sixth months, with a statistical significance in the sixth month. A further randomized, controlled, and multicenter clinical trial with a larger sample size and longer observation period is required. This trial is registered with Protocol ID 20-10-1323.","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Answers between ChatGPT and Human Dieticians to Common Nutrition Questions","authors":"Daniel Kirk, Elise van Eijnatten, Guido Camps","doi":"10.1155/2023/5548684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5548684","url":null,"abstract":"Background. More people than ever seek nutrition information from online sources. The chatbot ChatGPT has seen staggering popularity since its inception and may become a resource for information in nutrition. However, the adequacy of ChatGPT to answer questions in the field of nutrition has not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this research was to investigate the competency of ChatGPT in answering common nutrition questions. Methods. Dieticians were asked to provide their most commonly asked nutrition questions and their own answers to them. We then asked the same questions to ChatGPT and sent both sets of answers to other dieticians (N = 18) or nutritionists and experts in the domain of each question (N = 9) to be graded based on scientific correctness, actionability, and comprehensibility. The grades were also averaged to give an overall score, and group means of the answers to each question were compared using permutation tests. Results. The overall grades for ChatGPT were higher than those from the dieticians for the overall scores in five of the eight questions we received. ChatGPT also had higher grades on five occasions for scientific correctness, four for actionability, and five for comprehensibility. In contrast, none of the answers from the dieticians had a higher average score than ChatGPT for any of the questions, both overall and for each of the grading components. Conclusions. Our results suggest that ChatGPT can be used to answer nutrition questions that are frequently asked to dieticians and provide encouraging support for the role of chatbots in offering nutrition support.","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"344 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Anthropometric Indices as Screening Tools for Obesity: A Study on Healthy Iranians.","authors":"Toktam Alirezaei, Hamid Soori, Rana Irilouzadian, Hadis Najafimehr","doi":"10.1155/2023/6612411","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/6612411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Upper body fat distribution is more related to cardiometabolic diseases than central obesity. Neck circumference (NC) and neck-to-height ratio (NHtR) are two indicators of upper body obesity that are affordable, easy to obtain, highly reproducible, and more practical in the crowded health centers than the classic anthropometric indices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>18-65-year-old individuals with no past medical history were included. After obtaining written informed consent, they were screened for hypertension, high blood glucose, and other abnormal laboratory results. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test, Chi square test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and ROC curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our 2,812 participants, NC had the lowest area under the curve (AUC) in both male and female obese and overweight subjects. NHtR and hip circumference (HC) had the highest AUC in men and women with obesity, respectively. The highest sensitivity for overweight men and women belonged to waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), respectively, and for both males and females with obesity, NHtR had the highest sensitivity. The cutoff point of NHtR had the same value for males and females. HC and NHtR had the highest positive likelihood ratio (PLR) for obesity in men. In addition, HC and WC had the highest PLR for obesity in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we revealed that NC had the lowest and NHtR and HC had the highest predictive value for obesity. Furthermore, for both males and females with obesity, NHtR had the highest sensitivity. HC had the highest PLR for obesity in both genders. Our results warrant prospective studies to evaluate the role of NHtR and other novel anthropometric indices in the risk of cardiometabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"6612411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10564568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41203605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}