Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development.","authors":"Amrita Arcot, Rachel E Walker, Kelly Gallagher, Kevin C Klatt, Alison D Gernand","doi":"10.1155/2024/3439995","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3439995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential nutrient required for diverse physiological functions secondary to its role as a critical cofactor for two mammalian enzymes, methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. While essential throughout all life stages, several pathways that require vitamin B12, including hematopoiesis, myelination, and DNA/histone methylation, are particularly critical during pregnancy and fetal development. This narrative review aims to describe vitamin B12 in pregnancy, with emphasis on the placenta's role in ensuring adequate nutrition of the fetus and impacts of vitamin B12 deficiency on placental development and function. Our literature search included preclinical model systems and human cohorts and interventions. Our review identified evidence of B12 deficiency resulting in impaired placental development, greater placental inflammation, and modulation of placental docosahexaenoic acid concentration, collectively suggestive of vitamin B12 deficiency as a determinant of both maternal and fetal health outcomes. Heterogeneity in study design complicated generalization of findings. Future studies should consider selecting a B12 marker that is relatively stable across pregnancy, such as holotranscobalamin, while accounting for important confounders such as maternal folate.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3439995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three Weeks on a Ketogenic Diet Reduces Free Testosterone and Free Estradiol in Middle-Aged Obese Men and Women.","authors":"Mads Svart, Nikolaj Rittig, Thien Vinh Luong, Nigopan Gopalasingam, Esben Thyssen Vestergaard, Lars Gormsen, Esben Søndergaard, Henrik Holm Thomsen, Claus H Gravholt","doi":"10.1155/2024/9301369","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9301369","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Beta-hydroxybuturate (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-OHB) supplements are commonly utilized in sports by both recreational and professional athletes. In a recent study, we observed a drop in testosterone levels following the oral ingestion of racemic sodium-&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-OHB. In this investigation, we aim to determine whether a single oral dose of ketone ester (study I) and prolonged endogenous ketosis (study II) also reduces testosterone levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;This investigation integrated samples from two distinct studies. Study I was a randomized, controlled, crossover trial with ten healthy, young male participants receiving either a weight-adjusted ketone ester or control (water, CTR) and vice versa following an overnight fast. Repeated blood sampling was used to monitor plasma &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-OHB and testosterone levels. Study II, another randomized, controlled, crossover trial, included 11 middle-aged participants (five males). They followed either a ketogenic diet (KD) characterized by low carbohydrates and high fat content or a standard diet (SDD) for three weeks. After each study period, participants underwent examination following an overnight fast, with repeated measures employed to analyze concentrations of plasma &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-OHB and sex hormone levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Study I: Testosterone decreased from 23.8 ± 2.4 nmol/l to 22.3 ± 2.5 nmol/l 300 minutes after the ketone ester and increased from 20.9 ± 2.1 nmol/l to 22.2 ± 1.9 300 minutes after CTR. This difference was not significant, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.06. &lt;i&gt;Study II&lt;/i&gt;. Total testosterone was unaffected after the KD compared to the SDD in men (20.2 ± 1.23 nmol/l vs. 18.2 ± 1.23 nmol/l (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.1)) and was lower after KD in women (0.87 ± 0.06 vs. 1.1 ± 0.06 nmol/l (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001)). Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) increased in men after KD compared with SDD (31.2 ± 2.6 nmol/l vs 25.0 ± 2.6 nmol/l, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) and women (26.5 ± 3.05 nmol/l vs 24.2 ± 3.05 nmol/l, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003). The free androgen index decreased after KD in men (ratio: 0.65 ± 0.05 vs. ratio: 0.74 ± 0.05, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.04) and in women (ratio: 0.036 ± 0.006 vs. SDD 0.05 ± 0.006, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001). Free estradiol index was also found lower after KD in men (ratio: 3.1 ± 0.8 vs. ratio: 4.8 ± 0.8, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0003) and in women (ratio: 1.2 ± 2.2 vs. 9.8 ± 2.2, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings indicate that the acute ingestion of ketone ester may not reduce testosterone levels in healthy young males. However, a three-week exposure to KB from a KD results in an increase in SHBG in men and women with obesity as well as it lowers free testosterone and estradiol for men and women. We thus present evidence of crosstalk between alterations in a metabolite, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-OHB, and the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis from a KD. The clinical impact of this reduction remains to be investigated. This trial is registered with NCT04156477 ","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9301369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Postbiotics for Food Safety and Human Health Improvement.","authors":"Folayemi Janet Isaac-Bamgboye, Chiamaka Linda Mgbechidinma, Helen Onyeaka, Ireoluwa Toluwalase Isaac-Bamgboye, Deborah C Chukwugozie","doi":"10.1155/2024/1868161","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1868161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food safety is a global concern, with millions suffering from foodborne diseases annually. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports significant morbidity and mortality associated with contaminated food consumption, and this emphasizes the critical need for comprehensive food safety measures. Recent attention has turned to postbiotics, metabolic byproducts of probiotics, as potential agents for enhancing food safety. Postbiotics, including organic acids, enzymes, and bacteriocins, exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that do not require live organisms, and this offers advantages over probiotics. This literature review critically examines the role of postbiotics in gut microbiome modulation and applications in the food industry. Through an extensive review of existing literature, this study evaluates the impact of postbiotics on gut microbiome composition and their potential as functional food ingredients. Research indicates that postbiotics are effective in inhibiting food pathogens such as <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli,</i> as well as their ability to prevent oxidative stress-related diseases, and they also show promise as alternatives to conventional food preservatives that can extend food shelf life by inhibiting harmful bacterial growth. Their application in functional foods contributes to improved gut health and reduced risk of foodborne illnesses. Findings suggest that postbiotics hold promise for improving health and preservation by inhibiting pathogenic bacteria growth and modulating immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1868161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal Products as Complementary or Alternative Medicine for the Management of Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Current Evidence Based on Findings of Interventional Studies.","authors":"Hossein Farhadnejad, Niloufar Saber, Asal Neshatbini Tehrani, Mitra Kazemi Jahromi, Ebrahim Mokhtari, Mostafa Norouzzadeh, Farshad Teymoori, Golaleh Asghari, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.1155/2024/8300428","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8300428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is known as a major public health problem with a noticeable adverse impact on quality of life and health expenditures worldwide. Despite using routine multiple pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, including diet therapy and increasing physical activity, controlling this chronic disease remains a challenging issue, and therapeutic goals are often not achieved. Therefore, recently, other therapeutic procedures, such as using herbal products and functional foods as complementary or alternative medicine (CAM), have received great attention as a new approach to managing T2D complications, according to the literature. We reviewed the existing evidence that supports using various fundamental medicinal herbs, including cinnamon, saffron, ginger, jujube, turmeric, and barberry, as CAM adjunctive therapeutic strategies for T2D patients. The current review addressed different aspects of the potential impact of the abovementioned herbal products in improving glycemic indices and lipid profiles, including the effect size reported in the studies, their effective dose, possible side effects, herbs-drug interactions, and their potential action mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8300428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11254466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Intake of Nutrients Involved in Serotonin and Melatonin Synthesis and Prenatal Maternal Sleep Quality and Affective Symptoms.","authors":"Amber Kautz, Ying Meng, Kuan-Lin Yeh, Robin Peck, Jessica Brunner, Meghan Best, I Diana Fernandez, Richard K Miller, Emily S Barrett, Susan W Groth, Thomas G O'Connor","doi":"10.1155/2024/6611169","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6611169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor sleep quality and psychological distress in pregnancy are important health concerns. Serotonin and melatonin levels may underlie variation in these adverse outcomes. In this study, we examined dietary nutrients involved in serotonin and melatonin synthesis in relation to maternal sleep quality and affective symptoms during pregnancy. Pregnant women at no greater than normal medical risk at enrollment completed 24-hour dietary recalls in mid-late pregnancy. Usual intakes of vitamin B6, vitamin D, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and tryptophan were estimated from dietary intake of foods and supplements using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method. Sleep quality, depression, and anxiety were measured using validated questionnaires. Associations between nutrient intakes, sleep quality, and affective symptoms were estimated using generalized estimating equation models adjusting for potential confounding factors. In minimally adjusted models, EPA + DHA and tryptophan intakes were associated with a lower score indicating better sleep quality (<i>b</i>: -1.07, 95% CI: -2.09, -0.05) and (<i>b</i>: -12.40, 95% CI: -24.60, -0.21), respectively. EPA + DHA and tryptophan intakes were also associated with a lower odds of shorter sleep duration and sleep disturbances. In addition, tryptophan was associated with a lower odds of higher sleep latency. However, associations were attenuated and nonsignificant after adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors. In conclusion, intakes of EPA + DHA and tryptophan were associated with improved sleep quality, but these associations were confounded by maternal demographic and lifestyle characteristics. This study highlights the need to consider dietary intake and pregnancy health in the context of demographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6611169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11250910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Predictors of Diabetic Nephropathy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Fasika Merid, Firdawek Getahun, Habtamu Esubalew, Tamirat Gezahegn","doi":"10.1155/2024/6976870","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6976870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease, and it brings high morbidity and mortality. Globally, the predominant rise in type II diabetes prevalence significantly increases the incidence of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, timely diagnosis and prompt management of diabetic nephropathy and early identification of predictors are essential. Thus, this study aimed to determine the incidence and predictors of diabetic nephropathy among type II diabetes mellitus patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 532 type II diabetes patients who enrolled at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The extracted data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed by Stata version 14. A bivariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was fitted to identify predictors of diabetic nephropathy. The Cox proportional hazards assumption was checked using the Schoenfeld residual test, and the goodness of fit of the model was checked using the Cox-Snell residual test. An adjusted hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval and <i>P</i> values were used to identify statistically significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall incidence rate of diabetic nephropathy was 2.71 cases (95% CI: 2.12, 3.47) per 1,000 person-months of observation. Age (AHR = 1.027; 95% CI = 1.005, 1.049), fasting blood sugar (AHR = 1.010; 95% CI = 1.007, 1.013), and systolic blood pressure (AHR = 1.050; 95% CI = 1.031,1.069) were significant positive predictors of diabetic nephropathy, whereas the duration of diabetes longer than five years (AHR = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.09, 0.44) was a protective predictor for the development of diabetic nephropathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence rate of diabetic nephropathy was high. Age, fasting blood sugar, systolic blood pressure, and duration of diabetes were found to be independent predictors of diabetic nephropathy. To overcome this public health problem, prompt and effective strategies should be designed based on identified predictors to prevent the development of diabetic nephropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6976870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Leaf Extract on Liver Histopathology: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Titing Nurhayati, Muhamad Farrel Ridho, Putri Teesa Radhiyanti Santoso, Setiawan Setiawan, Hanna Goenawan, Vita Murniati Tarawan","doi":"10.1155/2024/6815993","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6815993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Moringa leaves (<i>Moringa oleifera</i>), which are members of the Moringaceae family, are one of the herbal plants that are widely known in Indonesia. Phytochemical contents of moringa leaf, such as flavonoid, quercetin, and phenolic acid, are believed to have an effect on improvement of NAFLD. Therefore, moringa leaf is considered as one the herbal plants that can be used as supplementation in the form of adjuvant therapy to NAFLD. The study objective of our research is to review the effect of giving moringa leaf to the liver, especially the histopathologic features. This study will be conducted on literature review research design, more specifically in the form of a systematic review. <i>Research Method</i>. Five major electronic web databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, were used in identifying literature from 2014 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From a comprehensive analysis of 13 relevant literature sources, we elucidate the impact of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaf extract on liver histopathology, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, we provide insights into its safety profile concerning human health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The phytochemical content of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaf extract had shown a significant benefit in plant medicinal sector. From the research that had been done, <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaf extract contributes to give significant improvement on liver histopathological features, glucose, and lipid metabolism on animal sample model.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6815993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Reach Full Enteral Feeding and Its Predictors among Very Low Birth Weight Neonates Admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Follow-Up Cohort Study.","authors":"Belay Alemayehu Getahun, Sileshi Mulatu, Hailemariam Mekonnen Workie","doi":"10.1155/2024/9384734","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9384734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feeding is crucial for very low birth weight neonates to grow and develop properly. This study aims to determine the time to achieve full enteral feeding and predictors among neonates admitted at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institutional retrospective follow-up study design was conducted among 332 very low birth weight neonates from July 1, 2018, to June 30, 2021. Samples were selected through a computer-generated simple random sampling method, and the data were entered into Epi data version 4.6 and then exported to STATA version 16 for analysis. Kaplan-Meier with the log-rank test was used to test for the presence of difference in survival among predictor variables. Model goodness of fit and assumptions were checked by the Cox-Snell residual and the global test, respectively. Variables with <i>p</i> value <0.25 in the bi-variable analysis were fitted to the multivariable Cox-proportional hazard model. Finally, the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with 95% CI was computed, and variables with a <i>p</i> value less than 0.05 in the multivariable Cox regression analysis were considered significant predictors of time to reach full enteral feeding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 332 neonates were followed for 2,132 person days of risk time and 167 (50.3%) of very low birth weight neonates started full enteral feeding. The overall incidence rate of full enteral feeding was 7.8 per 100 person day observations. The median survival time was 7 days. Very low birth weight neonates delivered from pregnancy-induced hypertension-free mothers (AHR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.94), gestational age of ≥33 weeks (AHR: 5,; 95% CI: 2.29, 11.13), kangaroo mother care initiated (AHR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.00), avoiding prefeed residual aspiration (AHR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.002-2.03), and early enteral feeding (AHR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.35) were significant predictors of full enteral feeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to this study, the time to achieve full enteral feeding was relatively short. Therefore, healthcare professionals should emphasize achieving full enteral feeding and address hindering factors to save the lives of VLBW neonates.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9384734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ellagic Acid on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Xuelian Wang, Xiaotao Zhou, Xinxia Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2024/5558665","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5558665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism (GALM) serve as both a cause and an inducer for the development of the disease. Improvement and treatment of GALM are an important stage to prevent the occurrence and development of the disease. However, current clinical treatment for GALM is limited. Ellagic acid (EA), a common polyphenol present in foods, has been shown to improve abnormalities in GALM observed in patients suffering from metabolic diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study used a meta-analysis method to systematically assess the effects of EA on GALM.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>As of November 8, 2023, a comprehensive search was conducted across 5 databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which EA served as the primary intervention for diseases related to GALM. The risk of bias within the included studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. All statistical analyzes were performed using RevMan 5.4 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, a total of 482 articles were retrieved, resulting in the inclusion of 10 RCTs in the meta-analysis. The results showed that EA could reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) (<i>p</i> = 0.008), increase insulin secretion (<i>p</i> = 0.01), improve insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (<i>p</i> = 0.003), decrease triglyceride (TG) (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and reduce cholesterol (Chol) (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) (<i>p</i> = 0.0004). EA had no significant effect on waist circumference (WC), body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), 2 hours after prandial blood glucose (2 h-PG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effect of improvement in glucose and lipids of EA was closely related to the dose and the intervention time. EA can improve GALM caused by diseases. To corroborate the findings of this study and improve the reliability of the results, EA is imperative to refine the research methodology and increase the sample size in future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5558665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141446386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant with Multiple Health Benefits.","authors":"Mercy Omoye Shafe, Nontobeko Myllet Gumede, Trevor Tapiwa Nyakudya, Eliton Chivandi","doi":"10.1155/2024/6252426","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6252426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid predominantly found in tomatoes and tomato-based products. Like other phytochemicals, it exhibits health beneficial biological activities that can be exploited when it is used as a dietary supplement. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, lycopene has been demonstrated to mitigate oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunctions and diseases including inflammation, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Lycopene has been shown to alleviate metabolic diseases that affect the bone, eye, kidney, liver, lungs, heart, and nervous system. This review presents the state of the art regarding lycopene's health benefits and its potential applications in health system delivery. Furthermore, lycopene's protective effects against toxins, safety in its use, and possible toxicity are explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6252426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11179732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}