Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Milk-Derived Kefir Improves Cardiac Function in Female Rats Subjected to Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Ávila Iglesias Caliari, Juarez Henrique Ferreira, Licia Cristina Silva de Lima Oliveira, Tadeu Uggere de Andrade, Ewelyne Miranda de Lima, Simone Alves de Almeida, Girlandia Alexandre Brasil","doi":"10.1155/jnme/9655398","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/9655398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases remain a major global health burden, with myocardial infarction (MI) being a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability. Kefir, a fermented milk beverage rich in probiotic and bioactive compounds, has demonstrated cardioprotective effects in experimental models of hypertension. However, its effects in MI induced by coronary artery ligation remain poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of chronic kefir administration on cardiac function and remodeling in female Wistar rats subjected to MI. Animals were allocated to three groups: sham-operated (S), infarct vehicle-treated (IV), and infarct kefir-treated (IK). Treatments were administered daily for 60 days. Hemodynamic parameters, infarct area, collagen deposition, oxidative stress markers, and morphometric changes were evaluated. Chronic kefir treatment significantly reduced left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), infarct area, and collagen deposition in infarcted animals. Kefir also improved hemodynamic parameters by reducing systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures while increasing heart rate. In addition, oxidative stress was attenuated, as evidenced by lower levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP). No evidence of systemic toxicity or organ hypertrophy was observed. These findings suggest that milk-derived kefir exerts cardioprotective effects by improving hemodynamic function, attenuating adverse cardiac remodeling, and reducing oxidative stress. Collectively, the results support the potential of kefir as an adjunctive strategy for improving cardiac recovery following MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9655398"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Factors Among 6-59-Month-Old Children in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, Northern Ethiopia.","authors":"Tigist Haile Gebrehiwot, Abadi Hailay Atsbaha, Shewit Engdashet Berhe","doi":"10.1155/jnme/5114961","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/5114961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anemia is one of the most widespread diseases, with one in four people affected by anemia worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, anemia in preschool children is considered a severe public health problem. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among 6-59-month-old children in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among systematically selected 423 6-59-month-old children who were seeking service at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Four mL of venous blood from the finger was collected and analyzed using a Sysmex machine (model XP-300). Anemia in children was defined as a hemoglobin level below 11 g/dL. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 21. Variables with a <i>p</i> value of < 0.2 in the bivariable analysis were selected for multivariable logistic regression, and statistical significance was declared at <i>p</i> value < 0.05 and CI of 95%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of anemia among children aged 6-59 months was 57.1% (95% confidence interval: 52.2%-62.1%); of this magnitude, mild, moderate, and severe anemia was 27.1%, 20.9%, and 9.1%, respectively. Morphological, microcytic hypochromic anemia was the most common type of anemia. Children aged 6-23 months (adjusted odds ratio = 2.374; 95% confidence interval: 1.428-3.945), stunting (adjusted odds ratio = 2.543; 95% confidence interval: 1.503-4.302), underweight (adjusted odds ratio = 6.660; 95% confidence interval: 3.046-14.566), and intestinal parasite infection (adjusted odds ratio = 2.803; 95% confidence interval: 1.242-6.322) were factors associated with anemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of anemia shows that it is a severe public health problem. Our findings underscore the need for nutrition counseling, deworming, growth monitoring, and promotion to minimize stunting, underweight, and intestinal parasite infection among children.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5114961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13448154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary and Endogenous Advanced Glycation End Product and Breast Carcinogenesis: A Challenging Lack of Association in a Rigorous Case-Control Study.","authors":"Sadaf Alipour, Ramesh Omranipour, Alireza Abdollahi, Behnaz Jahanbin, Bardia Gholami, Sakineh Shab-Bidar, Amirnader Emami-Razavi, Maryam Selk-Ghaffari, Foroozan Ghalkhani, Azin Saberi, Zahra Morovati, Marzieh Orouji, Maryam Haghighi, Mahtab Vasigh, Elham Nazar, Samareh Heydari, Sareh Saien, Bita Eslami","doi":"10.1155/jnme/6687630","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/6687630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advanced Glycation End (AGE) Product is produced by atypical metabolism when food is cooked at high temperatures in a short time, such as roasted foods, or when chemicals are added as in processed foods. Research on the association between AGE and breast cancer (BC) has been inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter case-control study investigated the relationship between serum AGE (sAGE), tissue AGE (tAGE), and dietary AGE (dAGE) and BC, considering physical activity (PA). The study included 44 hormone receptor-positive premenopausal BC patients and 42 controls. Data on diet and PA were collected using validated Persian questionnaires. sAGE and tAGE were measured using blood and tissue samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dAGE was 16,104.98 ± 6542.04 and 15,084.53 ± 5827.69 kilo-units/day, while PA was significantly lower in cases than controls (773.64 ± 829.92 vs. 1920.95 ± 2999.91 MET-minutes/week, <i>p</i> = 0.02). The mean sAGE was 626.11 ± 695.00 ng/mL in cases and 713.93 ± 829.67 in controls. tAGE was positive in 34.1% and 28.6% of cases and controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found no association between dAGE and BC or dAGE and sAGE or tAGE. PA was less in the BC group but unrelated to sAGE and dAGE. As we accounted for all relevant variables, our negative findings provide strong evidence against an association between AGEs in diet, PA, and BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6687630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An 8-Week Triple-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating High-Dose Vitamin D3 and Flaxseed Oil for Inflammation and Metabolic Health in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Implications for Clinical Management.","authors":"Naser Aghamohammadzadeh, Mojgan Abdi Oskoui, Neda Dolatkhah, Azizeh Farshbaf Khalili","doi":"10.1155/jnme/8892400","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/8892400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cosupplementation with high-dose vitamin D3 and flaxseed oil on inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and metabolic health in elderly patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted an 8-week, triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Iran, enrolling 104 elderly patients with T2DM, of whom 102 completed the study. The intervention group received 500 mg of flaxseed oil three times daily and 50,000 IU of vitamin D3 orally every two weeks, while the control group received matching placebos.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary outcome, serum hs-CRP, was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to controls (MD: -0.98 μg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.034). Exploratory analyses of secondary outcomes suggested additional potential benefits: total antioxidant capacity improved (MD: +0.60 mmol/L, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and reductions were observed in weight (MD: -1.73 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI (MD: -0.67 kg/m², <i>p</i> < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (MD: -22.83 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.015), fasting insulin (MD: -0.94 μIU/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.008), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (MD: -1.31, <i>p</i> = 0.001), triglycerides (MD: -15.00 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.020), and total cholesterol (MD: -2.52 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.028). Physical health-related quality of life, including pain scores and physical functioning, also improved significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The intervention was well tolerated with minimal adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cosupplementation with flaxseed oil and high-dose vitamin D₃ significantly reduced systemic inflammation in elderly patients with T2DM. Exploratory findings further suggest potential benefits for oxidative stress, glycemic control, lipid profile, and physical quality of life, warranting confirmation in future trials. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Iranian Clinical Trials Register: IRCT20161022030424N8.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8892400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Fatty Food Consumption, History of Disease, and Physical Activity With the Event of Adolescent Obesity in Indonesia.","authors":"Julhan Irfandi, Marlina Josefina Malisngorar, Daniela L Adeline Boeky, Sarci Magdalena Toy, Ali Muthahhari Rahim, Elmerilia Tandilangi, Farahdila Mirshanti, Ummi Kalsum, Adelina Fitri, Dewi Syafitriani, Nirmin F Juber, Bhisma Murti","doi":"10.1155/jnme/2693160","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/2693160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines the prevalence and associated factors of adolescent obesity using data from the 2018 Basic Health Survey, which includes 75.800 Indonesian adolescents aged 13-18 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used cross-sectional data from the 2018 Basic Health Survey, which involved 75.800 adolescents aged 13-18 years. Bivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate prevalence odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for factors associated with adolescent obesity. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between obesity, consumption of fatty foods, disease history, physical activity, age, gender, place of residence, parental history of overweight, and maternal occupation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It reports 6.2% prevalence of obesity among adolescents and identifies key influencing factors, such as frequent consumption of fatty foods, history of disease, moderate physical activity levels, age, gender, place of residence, and parental history of overweight status. The strongest predictor of adolescent obesity is identified as a parental history of overweight (aOR = 4.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study concluded that reducing high-calorie food consumption and promoting increased physical activity are crucial, particularly for adolescents with a familial history of being overweight. Overall, this research makes a significant contribution to understanding the prevalence and determinants of adolescent obesity in Indonesia. Its large dataset and comprehensive analysis are notable strengths, providing valuable insights for public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2693160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13415753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and Transcriptomic Variations of <i>INSR</i> Are Associated With Dysregulation of Circulatory miRNA-21 and miRNA-146a in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Hira Gul, Nosheen Masood","doi":"10.1155/jnme/9980111","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/9980111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This cross-sectional case-control study aimed to investigate the association between germline and sporadic variations in the <i>Insulin Receptor (INSR)</i> gene, risk factors, and the differential expression of circulating miRNA-21 and miRNA-146a in the onset of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 800 T2DM patients and 600 nondiabetic age- and gender-matched individuals participated in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) screening in the <i>INSR</i> gene via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by Sanger sequencing. Transcriptional expression was quantified using reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Relative expression levels of circulating miRNAs were determined by real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) association of Exon 17 <i>INSR</i> SNPs with T2DM, including a single base substitution mutation at Codon 115 (rs1799817; CAC > CAT) and Codon 83 (rs1799816; GGT > GAT), was found. However, a deletion mutation at Codon 186 (rs1052371; delT) showed no significant association with the disease. Linkage disequilibrium analysis (<i>r</i> ² > 0.8) indicated a strong correlation among these SNPs and T2DM. <i>INSR</i> and miRNA-21 levels were significantly downregulated in T2DM patients, while circulating miRNA-146a was upregulated, as shown by relative expression analysis. ROC curve analysis indicated that miRNA-21 and miRNA-146a exhibited high diagnostic efficacy for T2DM. Furthermore, combined detection of these miRNAs showed greater potential as biomarkers for insulin resistance and metabolic complications in T2DM, particularly in this study population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a significant association between SNPs in Exon 17 of <i>INSR</i> and the differential expression of circulating miRNAs in T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9980111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Obesity Hits the Kidneys: Sex-Specific Effects of Visceral Adiposity Indices on Diabetic Kidney Disease Risk.","authors":"Xuezhe Wang, Yi Kang, Qian Jin, Mengqi Zhou, Danwen Li, Xiaowen Li, Zhenjie Chen, Jingwei Zhou, Huijuan Zheng, Jie Lv, Yaoxian Wang","doi":"10.1155/jnme/7057744","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/7057744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Visceral obesity is a significant risk factor for metabolic disorders and is also an important risk factor for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, there is still insufficient research on the predictive value of different visceral obesity indices for DKD and the sex differences in this regard. This study aims to explore the correlations between the cardiac metabolic index (CMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and the risks and mortality associated with DKD, with a focus on sex differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from NHANES conducted from 2007 to 2016. Weighted logistic regression models were employed to investigate the relationships between four visceral obesity indices and DKD. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were also used to assess the dose-response relationship, and subgroup and interaction analyses were conducted. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the screening utility of each index for DKD risk identification. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves were used to analyze survival outcomes across different tertiles of the four visceral obesity indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6722 diabetic patients were included in the study, with 5301 in the diabetes-only group and 1421 in the DKD group. All four visceral obesity indices were significantly positively correlated with the risk of DKD, exhibiting a nonlinear relationship, with notable sex differences. Compared to males, TyG and LAP showed a stronger correlation in females. The area under the curve (AUC) was generally higher in females. Furthermore, all four visceral obesity indices showed significantly lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates in the lowest tertile (Q1 group) compared to the higher tertiles (Q2-Q3 groups).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CMI, LAP, TyG, and VAI are significantly associated with the risk of DKD in diabetic patients, with notable differences between male and female populations. These metabolic indices may serve as important indicators for risk assessment and potential intervention strategies for DKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7057744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Iodine Concentration in Drinking Water in the Same or Different Seasons of the Year in Brazilian Macroregions\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/jnme/9825253","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/9825253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/7227511.].</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9825253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13381091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Estimated 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome and Its Phenotypes: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.","authors":"Niloufar Rasaei, Zahra Bahadoran, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.1155/jnme/1819496","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/1819496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between estimated 24-h urinary sodium (24 h-UNa) excretion and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence and its components in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study (2015-2017) included 2057 men and women (mean age: 45.5 ± 14.8 years; 45.5% men). Anthropometric assessments and biochemical measurements were conducted according to standard protocols. Na intake was estimated from second-void morning urine specimens using the Tanaka formula, which incorporates spot UNa, potassium (UK), and creatinine (UCr) levels. MetS was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria, encompassing hyperglycemia (G), hypertriglyceridemia (T), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (H), hypertension (B), and abdominal obesity (W). Multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), physical activity level (PAL), and smoking status, was employed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MetS and its components across tertiles of 24 h-UNa (< 124, 124-162, and ≥ 162 mmol/day).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall MetS prevalence was 37.6%, with a mean estimated 24 h-UNa excretion of 3491 ± 1020 mg/day. After multivariable adjustment, high UNa excretion was independently associated with increased odds of MetS (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.16-1.92), abdominal obesity (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 2.09-3.49), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.16-1.89). However, no significant association was observed between high UNa excretion and hypertension (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.86-1.48). Furthermore, the prevalence of specific MetS phenotypes was significantly elevated in the highest compared to the lowest 24 h-UNa tertile (e.g., WBH [13.3% vs. 11.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.018], WBT [18.5% vs. 14.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.033], BHT [11.3% vs. 10.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.028], WHT [22.1% vs. 17.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.006], and WBHT [10.4% vs. 9.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.019]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated estimated 24 h-UNa excretion is independently associated with a higher likelihood of MetS and its key components, particularly abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. These findings suggest that high dietary Na intake may be an independent risk factor for MetS, and that dietary salt reduction could play a vital role in the primary prevention of MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1819496"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148447553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The TyG Index and Obesity Indicators Predicting Low Muscle Mass in US Adults Without Diabetes: NHANES 2011-2018.","authors":"Jiaqi Huo, Fang Li, Ting Wang, Simiao Tang, Yue Xi, Genqing Xie","doi":"10.1155/jnme/1195681","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/1195681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance and obesity are critical determinants of low muscle mass. The main goal was to determine whether the reduced muscle mass in people without diabetes is correlated with the insulin resistance index and obesity indicators.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The data from NHANES 2011 to 2018 were analyzed to explore how the TyG index and obesity indices relate to low muscle mass. Associations were conducted using weighted logistic regression, RCS analysis, sensitivity analyses, and subgroup evaluations. In addition, the prediction capability of these indices was evaluated using ROC curve analysis and the AUC.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The TyG index (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.31-2.63, <i>p</i> = 0.001), TyG-WC (OR = 7.53, 95% CI: 5.49-10.30, <i>p</i> < 0.001), TyG-WHtR (OR = 10.40, 95% CI: 7.56-14.30, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and TyG-WWI (OR = 4.74, 95% CI: 3.41-6.57, <i>p</i> < 0.001) turned out to show a positive relationship with low muscle mass in nondiabetic adults. TyG-WHtR's higher discriminative performance has been proven by its AUC, which was 0.831 (95% CI: 0.814-0.848). The most appropriate threshold values were 4.932 for men and 5.031 for women aged ≥ 40 years, and 4.628 for men and 4.674 for women aged < 40 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk of insufficient muscle mass is increased in nondiabetic adults with higher values of TyG-obesity indicators (TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR, and TyG-WWI). TyG-WHtR possessed the best discriminative ability than other indicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1195681"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13359029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}