Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparison Between Mohindra Retinoscopy and Wet Retinoscopy in Refraction of Infants and Children.","authors":"Mousffa Abdul Ghafoor, Afia Tahir, Shahid Noor, Zaneera Hassan, Iffa Raees, Ruhullah","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.17651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v21.17651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the results of Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy in the refraction of infants and children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comparative cross-sectional analytical study included 56 participants, comprising two equal groups of 28 infants and 28 children with refractive errors. Both Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy were performed on each infant and child. Mohindra near retinoscopy was performed first in a dark room at a distance of 50 cm with one eye occluded. Wet retinoscopy was performed after Mohindra near retinoscopy using 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison between the two techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean spherical values obtained by Mohindra near retinoscopy were 0.14 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 2.97 D and 0.20 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 3.04 D for the right and left eyes, respectively, whereas wet retinoscopy demonstrated higher spherical means of 0.52 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 3.28 D and 0.58 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 3.17 D. Statistically significant differences were observed between Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy for spherical measurements in the right (<i>Z</i> = -3.665, <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) and left (<i>Z</i> = -3.600, <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) eyes. Significant differences were also found in cylindrical measurements for the right (<i>Z</i> = -2.380, <i>P</i> = 0.017) and left (<i>Z</i> = -3.355, <i>P</i> = 0.001) eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Wet retinoscopy yielded statistically significant differences in refractive measurements compared to Mohindra near retinoscopy in infants and children. Mohindra near retinoscopy underestimated hyperopic and astigmatic refractive errors. These findings suggest that wet retinoscopy remains the fundamental method for pediatric refractive assessment, particularly in infants and in cases of latent hyperopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Adjunctive Mitomycin C on Outcomes of Phaco-Viscocanalostomy in Glaucoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Saeed Shokoohi-Rad, Amir Mohammad Karimi, Elham Bakhtiari","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.20198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v21.20198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate whether adjunctive intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) improves intraocular pressure (IOP) control, visual acuity, or medication burden in patients undergoing phaco-viscocanalostomy for moderate to advanced open-angle glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This double-masked, parallel-group randomized clinical trial included 92 eyes of 92 patients with medically uncontrolled open-angle glaucoma, who were randomly assigned to undergo phaco-viscocanalostomy with (<i>n</i> = 46) or without (<i>n</i> = 46) adjunctive MMC (0.02% for 90 seconds). Outcomes including IOP, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cup-to-disc ratio (C/D), and number of glaucoma medications were assessed at baseline, 1 week, and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After excluding 15 patients (9 lost to follow-up and 6 intraoperative rupture of the trabeculo-Descemet's window), 77 patients (36 in the MMC group and 41 in the control group) were included in the final analysis. No statistically significant differences were found between groups at baseline (all <i>Ps</i> <math><mo>></mo></math> 0.14). Both groups showed significant IOP reduction at 6 months (mean IOP: 15.48 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 2.63 mmHg in the MMC group versus 15.59 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 3.32 mmHg in the control group; <i>P</i> = 0.88). BCVA improved significantly in both groups (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001), with no intergroup difference at 6 months (<i>P</i> = 0.84). The C/D ratio remained stable (<i>P</i> = 0.89). More than 80% of patients in both groups required no glaucoma medications at 6 months (<i>P</i> = 0.53). No significant time-by-group interaction was observed for any outcome (P <math><mo>></mo></math> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of MMC to phaco-viscocanalostomy did not provide statistically or clinically significant benefits in IOP control (clinically meaningful change defined as <math><mo>≥</mo></math> 2.5 mmHg IOP reduction), visual outcomes ( <math><mo>≥</mo></math> 0.1 logMAR change), or medication burden ( <math><mo>≥</mo></math> 1-medication reduction) over 6 months in patients with open-angle glaucoma. These findings do not support the routine addition of MMC to phaco-viscocanalostomy in uncomplicated open-angle glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicone Oil-Silicone Intraocular Lens Interaction.","authors":"Niloofar Piri, Jacob D Grodsky, Hossein Asghari","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18149","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13639762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Insights into the Combined Anti-inflammatory Effects of Bevacizumab and Triamcinolone in Hyperglycemic Retinal Cells: Modulation of MCP-1, CXCL10, and Their Receptors.","authors":"Zahra Souri, Mohammad Malekahmadi, Farzad Pakdel","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.19302","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v21.19302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy is marked by hyperglycemia-induced inflammation and chemokine signaling that drive immune cell infiltration and retinal damage. As bevacizumab offers limited benefit in some cases, targeting broader inflammatory pathways with agents like triamcinolone may enhance therapeutic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ARPE-19 cells exposed to hyperglycemic conditions (30 mM glucose) for 72 hours were treated with bevacizumab (0.3 mg/ml), triamcinolone (1mg/ml), or their combination. Cell proliferation was assessed using the MTT assay, while ELISA measured VEGF, MCP-1, and CXCL10 secretion, and qRT-PCR analyzed <i>CCR2</i> and <i>CXCR3</i> gene expression. Three independent biological replicates were used in each experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hyperglycemia markedly increased cell proliferation after 24 and 48 hours (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). Bevacizumab or triamcinolone alone did not alter cell proliferation under hyperglycemic stress; however, their combined treatment significantly reduced proliferation (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). Hyperglycemia markedly elevated VEGF secretion (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001), whereas bevacizumab, triamcinolone, and especially their combination significantly suppressed it (all <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05). All three treatment conditions significantly reduced MCP-1 levels (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05), while only the combined therapy lowered CXCL10 secretion (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.01). Regarding chemokine receptors, both drugs individually downregulated <i>CCR2</i> and <i>CXCR3</i> expression, with the combination producing an additive inhibitory effect (<i>CCR2</i>: <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001; <i>CXCR3</i>: <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results reveal that triamcinolone may complement bevacizumab by targeting VEGF-independent inflammatory pathways, providing mechanistic insight into combination therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME), particularly in patients with persistent DME despite anti-VEGF monotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13639766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical Model to Assess Mutational Burden in Retinal Dystrophy Patients Negative to Mendelian Genetic Tests and Carriers of Multiple Recessive Variants.","authors":"Maria Chiara Medori, Alessandro Macchia, Paolo Enrico Maltese, Jan Miertuš, Francesca Cristofoli, Ornela Gordani, Xhilda Dhamo, Eglantina Kalluci, Dominika Vešelényiová, Stanislav Miertuš, Iveta Dirgová Luptáková, Jiří Pospíchal, Rashid Ahmed, Andrea Bernini, Giorgio Placidi, Benedetto Falsini, Pietro Chiurazzi, Dror Rosentraub, Matteo Bertelli","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v21.18236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite advancements in genetic testing, a significant number of patients with retinal dystrophy receive negative test results due to single-allele mutations in genes with autosomal recessive inheritance patterns. This study aimed to address this diagnostic challenge by proposing a preliminary mathematical model based on mutational burden analysis. This approach can identify unique digenic or oligogenic combinations, potentially prioritizing them for further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed clinical and genetic data from 527 subjects comprising 453 patients with retinal dystrophies (cases) and 74 controls and created semi-synthetic datasets. Protein-protein interaction networks were analyzed, and the significance of mutational burden in specific molecular pathways was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our model identified two metabolic pathways that are highly correlated to each other, namely \"retinoid cycle disease events\" and \"canonical retinoid cycle in rods (twilight vision).\" These pathways were significantly impacted by the burden of variants we found in the case group. Moreover, the gene combinations (<i>ABCA4, RDH12</i>) and (<i>ABCA4, RBP3</i>) were identified exclusively in cases of retinal dystrophies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed preliminary model provides a systematic approach to calculate the mutational burden in patients with retinal dystrophies and previous negative genetic test results. Moreover, the bioinformatic analysis facilitated the identification of recurrent combinations of involved genes, suggesting possible new digenic or oligogenic inheritance patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13636023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Recurrence Rate and Outcomes of Pterygium Surgery with Inferior Versus Superior Rotational Conjunctival Flap: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Hassan Behboudi, Mitra Akbari, Reza Soltani Moghadam, Hamed Molaei, Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leili","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.17916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v21.17916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Limited knowledge exists about the recurrence and complications of rotational flaps harvested from the inferior bulbar conjunctiva in pterygium surgery. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes and recurrence rate of pterygium surgery using inferior rotational conjunctival flap (IRCF) compared with superior rotational conjunctival flap (SRCF) surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized clinical trial was performed on 82 candidates for pterygium surgery (primary pterygium with horizontal extension <math><mo>></mo></math> 3 mm). The patients had been admitted to Amiralmomenin Hospital (Rasht, Iran) in 2023-2024 and were randomized to \"group A\" (IRCF surgery) and \"group B\" (SRCF surgery) using a single-blind method. They were visited on days 1, 3, 7, 30, 90, and 180 post-surgery, and their best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), clinical inflammation, complications, and recurrence were recorded and compared using SPSS version 26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recurrence was observed in two patients in each group: in group A, one case in the third month and another in the sixth month post-surgery; and in group B, two cases in the third month post-surgery. Frequency of corneal epithelial defect healing, frequency of complications, inflammation severity, BCVA, and recurrence rate did not differ between the two groups at any follow-up visits (<i>P</i> <math><mo>></mo></math> 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of recurrence rates, categorized by pterygium size and age, at any time point (<i>P</i> <math><mo>></mo></math> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pterygium surgery with IRCF can be a safe and effective method for treating primary pterygium, especially when potential glaucoma filtration surgery is considered or when a proper superior bulbar conjunctiva is not available. Further multicenter prospective trials are needed to confirm the benefits of this technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149039428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Fundus Red Reflex Test Using a Smartphone Showed High Accuracy Compared to an Autorefractor to Detect Refractive Errors in Children.","authors":"Muhammad Syauqie, Lutfah Rif'ati, Wienta Diarsvitri, Sutanto Priyo Hastono, Kemal Nazaruddin Siregar, Nila Djuwita Farieda Moeloek","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18164","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the accuracy of the fundus red reflex test using a smartphone and autorefractor to detect refractive errors in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1302 eyes of 651 school-age children aged 6-13 years with visual acuity worse than 6/9 in at least one eye, examined using the Snellen chart. Study participants were selected using purposive sampling, after which non-cycloplegic refractive measurement was performed using two instruments: a smartphone-based application (MD EyeCare) and an autorefractor. The detection of refractive errors using the online platform was compared with autorefraction as the reference standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study found that 46.10% of participants with abnormal red reflex had significant myopia, 41.20% had nonsignificant refractive errors, and 12.70% had significant hypermetropia. The mean difference between the smartphone-based application and the autorefractor was <math><mrow><mo>≤</mo> <mo>-</mo></mrow> </math> 3.00 D (range: <math><mo>-</mo></math> 2.88 to <math><mo>-</mo></math> 2.63), with a sensitivity of 0.89 to 0.90 and a specificity of 0.86 to 0.87 for significant myopia, and the area under the curve was between 0.94 and 0.97. The mean difference between the smartphone-based application and the autorefractor was <math><mo>≥</mo></math> +1.00 D (range: +0.13 to +0.38), with a sensitivity of 0.76 and a specificity of 0.97 for significant hypermetropia, and the area under the curve was between 0.88 and 0.96.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A smartphone-based application could be used as a screening tool for refractive errors in children, especially in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Chaos-inspired Artificial Intelligence-based Model for Keratoconus Prediction.","authors":"Soheil Adib-Moghaddam, Nader Nassiri, Moein Bahman, Majid Mohebbi, Kourosh Sheibani","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18172","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop a novel chaos-inspired artificial intelligence (AI)-based system for keratoconus prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We constructed, trained, and tested our prediction model using corneal tomography data obtained from Pentacam and Sirius imaging systems. The study included 65 healthy individuals and 48 patients with keratoconus recruited from a private ophthalmology clinic and Bina Eye Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Model development included stratified partitioning of the data into training and testing sets, followed by performance evaluation using standard classification metrics. Scheimpflug-based tomographic parameters were preprocessed, normalized, and analyzed using a chaos-inspired tensor decomposition framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using Pentacam data, the model achieved sensitivity and specificity values of 88% and 90%, respectively. When using Sirius data, the sensitivity and specificity increased to 92% and 96%, respectively. Performance metrics were reproducible across repeated random train-test splits, indicating model stability. The chaos-inspired AI-based model demonstrated balanced sensitivity and specificity across both imaging systems, supporting robust discrimination between keratoconus and normal eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the complex and nonlinear behavior of keratoconus progression, influenced by biomechanical, genetic, and environmental interactions, we developed a novel chaos-inspired AI-based system (Iran Model) capable of accurately detecting keratoconus. Although the findings are promising, further validation in larger cohorts is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Active Vision Therapy in Children with Bilateral Refractive Amblyopia.","authors":"Saeedeh Hoseinmenni, Saeed Rahmani, Ebrahim Jafarzadehpour, Jeffrey Cooper, Mohammad Reza Talebnejad, Ali Reza Akbarzade Baghban, Haleh Kangari, Enayatollah Osroosh","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18761","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the effectivity of vision therapy plus patching versus patching combined with placebo therapy in bilateral refractive amblyopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized controlled trial, children with bilateral refractive amblyopia were enrolled. Monocular best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ranged from 0.3 logMAR (20/40) to 0.6 logMAR (20/80) in both eyes, and visual acuity (VA) difference was less than 0.2 logMAR between the eyes. The experimental group received patching plus in-office vision therapy with Vision Therapy System 4 (VTS4), including accommodation, stereopsis, ocular movements, and visual memory skills, while the control group received patching plus in-office placebo therapy. The primary outcome measure was BCVA, and the secondary outcomes were stereo acuity, and accommodative facility measured pre- and post-therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty children aged 5 to 8 were included. After 4 months of therapy, the mean VA improvement was 0.23 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.08 logMAR [2.3 line] (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) in the experimental group and 0.09 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.06 logMAR [0.09 line] (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001) in the control group. The difference in VA improvement between the two groups was statistically significant (<i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001). Post-therapy, the improvements in Randot stereoacuity and in monocular and binocular accommodative facilities were statistically significant between the experimental and the control groups (<i>P</i> = 0.013, <i>P</i> = 0.005, <i>P</i> = 0.002, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Administering vision therapy in conjunction with patching significantly improved VA, stereo acuity, and accommodation facility in bilateral refractive amblyopia compared to patching alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13583479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexplained Perivascular Chorioretinal Atrophy: Is Ranolazine a Possible Cause?","authors":"Saeed Karimi, Mohsen Zare, Pantea Karbasi, Morteza Hosseini","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18696","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v21.18696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of unexplained perivascular chorioretinal atrophy temporally associated with ranolazine use.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 64-year-old man with chronic stable angina pectoris was referred to our retina clinic with a complaint of an inferior visual field defect in the right eye over the last 1 month. The symptom onset coincided with the prescription of ranolazine extended-release 500 mg daily and slowly progressed over this period. Central and color vision were normal, and relative afferent pupillary defect was negative. Fundus exam showed chorioretinal atrophy in both eyes along the main vascular arcades, which was more prominent in the right eye and along the superior temporal arcade. Visual field assessment disclosed a double arcuate scotoma in both eyes. Swept-source optical coherence tomography showed outer retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and choriocapillaris atrophy in the extrafoveal area. Fundus autofluorescence showed hypo-autofluorescence, and fluorescein angiography revealed staining along the vascular arcades. Electroretinogram disclosed abnormal photopic and scotopic responses. All findings were more prominent in the right eye and along the superior temporal arcade. Ranolazine intake was stopped. Three months after drug cessation, the patient's visual field and electroretinogram improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first case report on ranolazine-associated chorioretinal toxicity, highlighting the necessity of further studies on potential side effects of even short-term exposure to this drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"21 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13494652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148794457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}