Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research最新文献

{"title":"Correction of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measurement on Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Images Using U-net Architecture.","authors":"Ghazale Razaghi,&nbsp;Masoud Aghsaei Fard,&nbsp;Marjaneh Hejazi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v18i1.12724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v18i1.12724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, an algorithm based on deep learning was presented to reduce the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) segmentation errors in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans using ophthalmologists' manual segmentation as a reference standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we developed an image segmentation network based on deep learning to automatically identify the RNFL thickness from B-scans obtained with SD-OCT. The scans were collected from Farabi Eye Hospital (500 B-scans were used for training, while 50 were used for testing). To remove the speckle noise from the images, preprocessing was applied before training, and postprocessing was performed to fill any discontinuities that might exist. Afterward, output masks were analyzed for their average thickness. Finally, the calculation of mean absolute error between predicted and ground truth RNFL thickness was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the testing database, SD-OCT segmentation had an average dice similarity coefficient of 0.91, and thickness estimation had a mean absolute error of 2.23 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 2.1 μm. As compared to conventional OCT software algorithms, deep learning predictions were better correlated with the best available estimate during the test period (r² = 0.99 vs r² = 0.88, respectively; <i>P</i> <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our experimental results demonstrate effective and precise segmentation of the RNFL layer with the coefficient of 0.91 and reliable thickness prediction with MAE 2.23 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 2.1 μm in SD-OCT B-scans. Performance is comparable with human annotation of the RNFL layer and other algorithms according to the correlation coefficient of 0.99 and 0.88, respectively, while artifacts and errors are evident.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10020786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9146896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Precision of Two Different Flap-morphologies Created During Low Energy Femtosecond Laser-assisted LASIK.","authors":"Johannes Steinberg,&nbsp;Juliane Mehlan,&nbsp;Bulat Mudarisov,&nbsp;Toam Katz,&nbsp;Andreas Frings,&nbsp;Vasyl Druchkiv,&nbsp;Stephan J Linke","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v18i1.12720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v18i1.12720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Currently, two major principles exist to create LASIK flaps: firstly, a strictly horizontal (2D) cut similar to the microkeratome-cut and secondly an angled cut with a \"step-like\" edge (3D). The strictly horizontal (2D) cut method can be performed using apparatus such as the low-energy FEMTO LDV Z8 laser and its predecessors which are specific to this type. Alternatively, the low-energy FEMTO LDV Z8 laser's 3D flap design creates an interlocking flap-interface surface which potentially contributes toward flap stability. In addition, the FEMTO LDV Z8 offers flap-position adjustments after docking (before flap-creation). The current study analyzed precision, safety, efficacy, as well as patient self-reported pain and comfort levels after applying two different types of LASIK flap morphologies which were created with a low-energy, high-frequency femtosecond (fs) laser device.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, interventional, randomized, contralateral eye, single-center comparison study was conducted from November 2019 to March 2020 at the Hamburg vision clinic/ zentrumsehstärke, Hamburg, Germany. Eleven patients and 22 eyes received low-energy fs LASIK treatment for myopia or myopic astigmatism in both eyes. Before the treatment, the eyes were randomized (one eye was treated with the 2D, the other eye with the 3D method).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean central flap thickness one month after surgery was 110.7 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 1.6 μm (2D) and 111.2 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 1.7 μm (3D); <i>P</i> = 0.365 (2D vs 3D). Flap thickness measured at 13 different points resulted in no statistically significant differences between any of the measurement points within/between both groups; demonstrating good planarity of the flap was achieved using both methods. Despite not being statistically significant, the surgeons recognized an increase in the presence of an opaque bubble layer in the 3D flap eyes during surgery and some patients reported higher, yet not statistically significant, pain scores in the 3D flap eyes during the first hours after the treatment. Overall, safety- and efficacy indices were 1.03 and 1.03, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this prospective, randomized, contralateral eye study, the low-energy fs laser yielded predictable lamellar flap thicknesses and geometry at one-month follow-up. Based on these results, efficacy and safety of the corresponding laser application, that is, 2D vs 3D, are equivalent.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10020788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9515014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual and Combined Effects of Diabetes and Glaucoma on Total Macular Thickness and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness: A Cross-sectional Analysis.","authors":"Dhruven Shah, Rita Dhamankar, Vijay Shetty, Suhas S Haldipurkar, Prakash Chipade, Shabnam Tanwar, Prachi Sankhe, Devendra Venkatramani, Paresh Mhatre, Maninder Singh Setia","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12303","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Presence of diabetes in glaucoma patients may influence findings while documenting the progression of glaucoma. We conducted the study to compare individual and combined effects of diabetes and glaucoma on macular thickness and ganglion cell complex thickness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study is a cross-sectional analysis of 172 eyes of 114 individuals. The groups were categorized according to the following conditions: glaucoma, diabetes mellitus, both glaucoma and diabetes (`both' group), and none of these conditions (`none' group). Patients with diabetes did not have diabetic retinopathy (DR). We compared retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, foveal loss of volume (FLV), and global loss of volume (GLV) among the groups. We used random effects multivariate analysis to adjust for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) age of these individuals was 60.7 (10.1) years. The total average RNFL and GCC were significantly lower in the glaucoma group (RNFL: -36.27, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: -42.79 to -29.74; P <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05, and GCC: -26.24, 95% CI: -31.49 to -20.98; P <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05) and the `both' group (RNFL: -24.74, 95% CI: -32.84 to -16.63; P <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05, and GCC: -17.92, 95% CI: -24.58 to -11.26; P <math><mo><</mo></math> 0.05) as compared with the `none' group. There were no significant differences in the average RNFL values and total average GCC between the diabetes group and the `none' group. The values of FLV and GLV were significantly higher in the `glaucoma' group and the `both' group as compared with the `none' group. The foveal values were not significantly different across these four groups. Among the glaucoma cases, 25% were mild, 30% were moderate, and 45% were severe; there was no significant difference in the proportion of severity of glaucoma between the `glaucoma only' and `both' groups (p=0.32). After adjusting for severity and type of glaucoma, there were no statistically significant differences in the values of average RNFL (6.6, 95% CI: -1.9 to 15.2; P=0.13), total average GCC (3.6, -95% CI: -2.4 to 9.6; P=0.24), and GLV (-3.9, 95% CI: -9.5 to 1.6; P=0.16) in the `both group' as compared with the glaucoma only group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that diabetes with no DR did not significantly affect the retinal parameters in patients with glaucoma. Thus, it is less likely that thickness of these parameters will be overestimated in patients with glaucoma who have concurrent diabetes without retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"505-514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10509232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal Pigment Epithelium Transplantation: Past, Present, and Future.","authors":"Ayyad Zartasht Khan,&nbsp;Tor Paaske Utheim,&nbsp;Jon Roger Eidet","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12325","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of cells situated between photoreceptors and the underlying choroid. It is essential for normal retinal function. Damaged RPE is associated with diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, Stargardt's macular dystrophy, and retinitis pigmentosa. RPE cells can easily be visualized <i>in vivo</i>, sustainable <i>in vitro</i>, and differentiated from stem cells with a relatively straightforward protocol. Due to these properties and the clinical significance of this epithelium in various retinal diseases, RPE transplantation as a treatment modality has gained considerable interest in the last decade. This paper presents the main techniques for RPE transplantation and discusses recent clinically relevant publications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"574-580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10565536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Manifestations in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss.","authors":"Haniah A Zaheer, Deepika C Parameswarappa, Myra A Zaheer, Jay Chhablani, Preeti Patil-Chhablani","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12321","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identification of ocular manifestations in patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) can have a large impact on the outcome and treatment of pediatric patients. Due to the common co-incidence of ocular manifestations and SNHL in children, both ophthalmologic and hearing loss screening and routine examinations must be conducted to minimize adverse outcomes and worsening of pathology. Early evaluation and diagnosis is imperative for intervention and further development of the patient. Co-incidence requires a thorough evaluation that includes a comprehensive history, examination, and diagnostic testing. In this article, a literature review was conducted to analyze the presentations of various diseases and syndromes, such as Alport Syndrome, Waardenburg Syndrome, Norrie Disease, Usher Disease, Stickler Syndrome, Marfan Syndrome, Congenital Rubella, and Hereditary Optic Neuropathies. We divided the various ocular pathologies into anterior and posterior segment presentations and associated systemic findings for better understanding. Additionally, this review aims to include an update on the management of patients with both ocular and hearing loss manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"551-573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10514376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal Visual Function: An Under-recognized Risk Factor of Road Traffic Injuries.","authors":"Hassan Hashemi,&nbsp;Payam Nabovati,&nbsp;Abbasali Yekta,&nbsp;Ali Borojerdi,&nbsp;Hamidreza Fallahkohan,&nbsp;Farhad Rezvan,&nbsp;Mehdi Khabazkhoob","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the relationship between road accidents with visual acuity, refractive errors, visual field, and contrast sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based case-control study was conducted on roads leading to Tehran Province, Iran. The case group comprised drivers who had met with accidents and were at fault for the accident. The cases were selected in an ongoing manner (incidence cases). The controls were drivers who were the opposing victims in the same. After an initial interview, optometric and ophthalmic examinations including the measurement of visual acuity, refraction, visual field assessment, contrast sensitivity measurement, and slit lamp biomicroscopy were performed for all study participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 281 and 204 individuals were selected for the case and control groups. The mean uncorrected visual acuity was 0.05 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.12 and 0.037 <math><mo>±</mo></math> 0.10 logMAR in the case and control groups, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.095). Of the participants in the case and control groups, 32.8% and 23% had a visual field defect in at least one eye, respectively (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] = 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-2.48; <i>P</i> = 0.021). Moreover, 16.2% of the cases and 8.3% of the controls had visual field defects in both eyes (aOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.17-3.86; <i>P</i> = 0.012). Contrast sensitivity was worse in the case group in all spatial frequencies under non-glare conditions. However, under glare conditions, the contrast sensitivity was significantly worse in the case group only in the spatial frequency of 12 cycles per degree (cpd).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reduced contrast sensitivity, especially under non-glare conditions, and visual field defects are risk factors that influence the prevalence of road accidents. It is strongly advised that special attention be paid to these visual functions in legal assessments to apply the necessary interventions in individuals with these types of disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"529-535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10509238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Torpedo Retinopathy or Chorioretinopathy?","authors":"Mahmoud Dehghan,&nbsp;Ramin Nourinia,&nbsp;Sahba Fekri,&nbsp;Seyed-Hossein Abtahi","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12345","url":null,"abstract":"This is a Letter to the Editor and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"605-606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10509240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Near Vision Tasks on Intraocular Pressure in Normal Subjects and Glaucoma Patients.","authors":"Mohammad Pakravan,&nbsp;Azadeh Samaeili,&nbsp;Hamed Esfandiari,&nbsp;Kiana Hassanpour,&nbsp;Sadid Hooshmandi,&nbsp;Shahin Yazdani,&nbsp;Farideh Sharifipour,&nbsp;Azadeh Doozandeh,&nbsp;Bahram Einollahi,&nbsp;Parastou Pakravan,&nbsp;Mohammad Hasan Shahriari,&nbsp;Bahareh Kheiri","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of static accommodative tasks on intraocular pressure (IOP) of glaucomatous and normal eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four groups of subjects categorized as primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle-closure suspects (PACS), normal age-matched controls, and normal young adults (NYA; age <math><mo><</mo></math> 40 years) were enrolled. The baseline IOPs were measured after the subjects were looking at a distant target for 15 min. Static accommodation was obtained by execution of near vision tasks (reading at 33 cm in daylight [300 lux] for 60 min). IOPs were measured at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min intervals while accommodating and then measured again after 15 min of relaxing accommodation while looking at a distant target.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-hundred and eighteen eyes of 98 subjects were recruited. The study groups consisted of the following categories: 25 POAG (46 eyes), 24 PACS (47 eyes), 25 matched controls (50 eyes), and 24 NYA (48 eyes). Within all groups, the mean IOP decreased throughout the accommodation period at all time points. Maximum IOP reduction after accommodation was detected at the 30-min time among the POAG subjects, at the 45-min time in the PACS and matched control groups, and at 15 min after the relaxation of accommodation in the NYA group. IOP reduction levels showed no statistically significant difference among POAG, PACS, and the normal matched groups in their response to accommodation. However, NYA had significantly lower IOP and greater IOP reduction after the resting period (relaxation of accommodation).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Static accommodative tasks can significantly reduce IOP in normal, POAG, and PACS individuals. Encouraging glaucoma patients to practice periodical near vision tasks could be viewed as an adjunctive measure for glaucoma management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"497-504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10514373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicolor Imaging Highlights Xerophthalmic Fundus.","authors":"Fatemeh Abdi,&nbsp;Amin Zand,&nbsp;Arzhang Gordiz,&nbsp;Tahmineh Motevasseli","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12341","url":null,"abstract":"This is a Photo Essay and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"592-595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10565543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unvalidated Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Equations Should not Be Used for Research.","authors":"David Fleischman,&nbsp;Hanspeter E Killer","doi":"10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jovr.v17i4.12343","url":null,"abstract":"This is a Letter to the Editor and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.","PeriodicalId":16586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research","volume":"17 4","pages":"601-602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10509235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}